US827259A

US827259A - Discharge-actuated gun.

Info

Publication number: US827259A
Application number: US557800A
Authority: US
Inventors: Samuel N Mcclean
Original assignee: MCCLEAN ARMS AND ORDNANCE Co
Current assignee: MCCLEAN ARMS AND ORDNANCE Co
Priority date: 1900-02-17
Filing date: 1900-02-17
Publication date: 1906-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 1923-07-31

Description

No. 827,259. PATENTBD JULY 31, 1906.

s. N. MoGLBAN.

DISCHARGE AGTUATED GUN. APPLIOA TIOR FILED FBB.17, 1900.

WITNESSES INVENTQR azda.

PATENTED JULY 31, 190fi.

s. N. MoOLEAN. DISCHARGE AGTUATBD GUN. APPLIOATIOK FILED FEB.17,1900- 5 sHnB'Ts-sHnnT 2.

-JJHINHJHM AMJ WF w v WITNESSES PATENTED JULY 31, 1906. S. N. MoGI-EAN. DISCHARGE AGTUATED GUN.

APPLIOATIDI FILED EBB. 17, 1000.

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s. N. MoO LBAN.

DISCHARGE AGTUATED GUN. APPLICATION 1-11.31) FEB. 11 1000.

PATENTED JULY 31, 1906.

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I PATENTED JULY 31, 1906. s. N. MoGLEAN.

DISCHARGE AGTUATED GUN. f: APPLIOATIOH rum) FEB. 11. 1900.

5 sums-sum 5.

INVENTOR- 1 Wa/Mf w discharge, are utilized to actuate the action of a gun employing a reciprocating and rotatdescribed, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

either the automatic or semi-automatic class.

returned by the force of the actuating-spring,

the manner and purpose for which the gas- 5 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. SAMUEL N. McOLEAN, OF cLEvELANn, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MGCLEAN ARMS AND ORDNANCE COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, OH10,A CORPORA- TION OF NEW JERSEY.

DlSCHARGE-ACTUATED GUN.

No. 827,259. Specification of Letters Patent; Patented July 31, 1906.

Application filed February 17,1900. Serial No. 6,578.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known thatI, SAMUEL NEAL Mo- CLEAN, a citizen of the United States, resid ing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga, in the State of Ohio, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-Loading and Discharge-Actuated Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to guns, and more particularly to discharge-actuated guns" of govern both the reciprocatin and locking action of the bolt, together wit the loading, extracting, ejecting, and firing actions of the arm, and with the boltoperates the-magazine-feed to govern and time the feeding action and controls the Weapon for any required kind of firing. The Weapon may be either a hand operated, semi-automatic, or automatic arm. When used as a semi-automatic gun, the weapon may be loaded by hand or automatically loaded from the magazine. When loaded by hand, the bolt-action is retained in its open position until the cartridge is placed in the receiver, after which the primary pull of the trigger releases the action and permits the parts to return to the closed or loaded position, and the secondary pull of the trigger permits the firing action to take place. When the gun is loaded from the magazine for semi-automatic fir- 'Inmy pending applications for United States patents, serially numbered 667,361, 676,520, and 710,014, 'I have described certain inventions of my own wherein the force of discharge, and particularly the gases of ing breech-block; and my present invention relates to means whereby I am enabled not only to o erate the action of the gun by the gases of ischarge, but also control the recoil or kick of the weapon, to the end that greater accuracy of fire may be secured and the Weapon rendered easy of manipulation. In addition to this the invention consists in means for controlling the action, whereby it is rendered automatic or semi-automatic and hand-fed or magazine-fed at the will of the gunner. Furthermore, the invention consists'in certain details of construction and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter cartridge automatically fed from the magazine to the receiver and advanced by the bolt into the barrel, and the breech automatically closed and locked; but the firing action is restrained till it is released by a single pull upon the trigger. When hand-loading for speed-firing is desired, the parts may be set to catch andretain the action in its open position until a cartridge is placed in the receiver by hand, whereupon a single pull of the trigger releases the action, and the cartridge is driven into the barrel, the breech The weapon is either a hand-operated or discharge-actuated arm. When operated by hand, the action may be Withdrawn and returned by hand or withdrawn by hand and after which the action automatically returns to and is retained in open position ready for the action to be repeated. The weapon when used as an automatic arm is ada ted to and when operated by the force of the discharge the projectile is utilized as a valve to sufliciently obstruct and control the forward escapeof the gas and to prolong and control l action, and firing is continuous from the magazine until the trigger is released or the number of cartridges in the magazine is exhausted. My invention may be constructed in vathe action of .the gason the gun and its acrious forms tion. The gas-capturing device controls the i of the same, and it is understood that the pressure at which the gas operates, the length l drawings which are hereunto attached and of time during which the gas shall act, and i made a part of this specification are for purposes of illustration only and do not define current shall be used. The force of the gasthe precise scope or limits of the invention. current is transmitted to the bolt-action by a Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the connecting medium which engages with a barrel and receiver with frame and operating system of companion coacting cam-tracks to l parts in elevation. Figs. 2 and 3 show the without departing from the spirit ing, the breech is automatically opened, the

closed and locked, and the cartridge fired,

.the preferred form of magazine clip eeding ejector is integrally formed ejector in side elevation and plan, respectively. Fig. 4 shows in plan view the cartridge-feed levers and feed-spring. Fig. 5 is a top plan of the frame with the receiver removed. Fig. 6 is an inside elevation of the (and closure or cap of the receiver. Fig. 7 shows shell-extractor in rear and side elevation, respectively. Fig. 8 shows the cartridge-feed-controlling slide in side and end elevation. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the breech end of the gun, parts inelevation and the operating parts in rear and open position. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary cross-section of breech-bolt and cartridge-ejector in end elevation. Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view showing a modification in which the cartridge with the frame. Fig. 12 is a left-hand side elevation of the breech-bolt. Fig. 13 is a right side elevation of the breech-bolt. Fig. 14 is a front end elevation thereof. Figs.- 15 and 16 are cross-sections of the gun, taken, respectively, on the lines a a and b b of Fig. 1. Fig. 17 is a broken longitudinal section with parts in elevation, the cartridge-lifting lever N being shown in dotted-line position where it en gages the trigger to bring a part thereon in the path of the drive-rod. Fig. 18 is a top plan view of Fig. 17 with the breech-block removed and parts broken away. Fig-1.9 is a cross-sectional view of the gun' with parts omitted in order to more clearly illustrate the action of the cartridge-lifting lever N upon the trigger, and Fig. 20 is a detail. Fig. 21 is a crossseotion on the lines 0 c of Fig. 22, whichlatter is a longitudinal section of the gun-at the forward end of the barrel. Fig. 23 is a like view of the forward end of the gun-barrel only, illustrating a plurality of gas-chambers. Fig. 24 is. a front elevation of Fig. 23. Fig. 25 is a cross-section of the guiding-rod on the line d. d of Fig. looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 26 is a fragmentary left-hand side elevation of therear end of the drivingrod. Figs. 27 and 28 are also fragmentary views of the left and right hand sides, respectively, of the rear end of the driving-rod, illustrating a modified arrangement of camfaces. Fig. 29 is a side elevation, and Fig. 30 a top plan view, of the driving-rod, partly in section. Fig. 31 is a side elevation of the cartridge-clip locking-latch. Fig. 32 is a detailed side elevation illustrating a modified construction of a portion of the firing mechanism and the means for setting the mechanism to different modes of firing. Fig. 33 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the gunbarrel and gas-tube. Figs. 34 and 35 are longitudinal sections of the end of the gunbarrel and modified forms of the gas-controlling device. Fig. 36 is a top plan view of the rear trigger and adjusting or setting disk shown inFig. 32, part of the said trigger being broken away. a

the receiver, showing the.

. device is preferably located at The barrel A may have any required form to adapt it to the ammunition with which it is intended to be used. The receiver A may .be either integrally or otherwise fixedly attached to the barrel in orderto attain certain mechanical, military, and manufacturing advantages. It is shown here as integrally formed with the barrel, the receiving-chamber being of sufficient length to entirely house the bolt in both its front and rear positions. The receiver is provided at its forward'end with locking-lugs Aand on its up per side with a cartridge receiving and ejecting opening A The under side of the receiver is cut out to permit the movement of thebolt-action and driving-rod and to receive the magazine system and ejecting-action. The barrel is provided at the forward end of the receiver with the usual cartridge-chamber A and on its under side with the lug A for attaching it to the gun frame and stock. The receiver is provided on its opposite sides with longitudinal guide-grooves A, Figs. 1, 9, and 16. These guide-grooves are provided with a cut-out part A near their forward ends to afford a rotary path of movement for the bolt-timing lug. The receiver is also provided at its forward end with a cutout part A", located between the locking-lugs of the receiver A and forming a path for the reciprocating movement of the locking-lugs of the breech-bolt.

The receiver-cap A", located at the rear end of the receiver, conforms to the cylindrical shape of the receiver and is fixedly attached to the gun-frame and engages with the receiver to retain it in fixed position. This cap A is provided with a flange-guideway A to engage with a companion flange G on the gun-frame.

The gas-controlling or power-transmitting or near the front end of-the barrel and consists in means for obstructing, expanding, retaining, defleeting, controlling transmitting, governing, and utilizing the gas-current. In its simplest form it comprises a gas-chamber formed either for expanding, confining, controlling, obstructing, deflecting, utilizing, and transmitting the force of the gas-current. The gas controlling and transmitting device may be formed to control the gas-current at any required pressure, in any required quantity, and to prolong it for any necessary length of time. The above gas capturing or controlling device, when broadly stated,. may be formedto either fixedly or adj ustably control the gas-current in one or more of a series of consecutive and coacting steps and to control the gas-current for either one or more primary or auxiliary purposes. In Figs. 21

and 22 I have illustrated one form which the gas-controlling and power-transmitting device may assume.

In said figures the forward IIO with or without gas-openings V 35, are

the chamber or bored-out portions of the barrel A omitted when it is desired to allow the rifling to retain its engagement with the projectile while the projectile is passing across the opening A This gas-expansion chamber A may also be formed with the boredout or farther-expanded part which is shown opposite the openings A in Fig. 34 to permit a sufficient expansion of the gas-current for controlling a larger quantity of the gas at alower. ressure and for controlling the initial part 0 the recoil of the'arm, also to expand and vary the force of the gas-current and to offer a resistance-shoulder to the as-current. ,The openings A Figs. 21 an 22, 34 and refera ly formed aslong narrow slots paralle with the bore to graduate andautomatlcally control the force of the gas-current,

forwardly to permit to ether with the de ee of ressure at whlch the gas shalljact, an may increase in width a gradually-increasing rate of expansion of the gas-current and may be beveled outward at their forward end to deflect the gas-current and inward at their rear end to allow the as-current to begin to escape through a gra ually-increrising opening. In either the V- haped or parallel-sided slots the amount of gas escaping through the slots will increase as the rear of crosses the same; but with the V-shaped slot of Fig. 34'the initial amount of gas passing therethrough will be less and will increase more gradually than in the case'of the slot with parallel sides shown in Fig. 22. In Fig. 35 I have shown a diamond-shaped slot which gradually increases in width to its widest point and then tapers ofi to a oint in front.

The form of the gas-control ing device C is that of a chamber into which the gases of explosion are conducted to be utilizedin the o eration of the weapon. It may be various y shaped and may be either integrally formed with the barrel or constructed separately and secured thereto, As shown in Figs. 21 and 22, it forms a band around the barrel and contains an opening into which the gas-tube C and gas-plug C are screwed, as Well as a flange to receive and retain the forward end of the wooden part of the stock. Between the openings A of the barrel and the gastube 0' the chamber gradually ex ands, as.

shown at C, to its full width under t ebarrel, thus providing room for rapidly reducing the tension of the gases escaping through the the pro ectile openings'A. 'The' mder side of the gasband or chamber C is providedwith an openin C, through which the toolmay be inserts for machining the inner side of the gas-chamber.. The gaslug Q is screwedinto the forward end of t e gas-chamber C and may be removed for the purpose of cleaning the parts and is formed toclose the opening C when inserted in its fixed position. The gasexpansion chamber 0 may also be provided with rear openings C controlled by screw plugs C to allow a portion of the gas caught y this chamber to escape to the rear and afford a screw adjustment for controlling the force of the as on the action and reducing the recoil and ash. Gas-pressure may also be taken from the gas-chamber C by way of ports 0 and utilized to perform any required work about the gun.

The gas-chamber indicated at E in Figs. 22,23, 34, and 35 is in the form of a nozzle located at the muzzle of the barrel, such chamber being sov constructed as to permit the gases to gradually expand therein and to impinge upon a rearvsardly-facing surface, whereby the power of the gases acts upon'the structure of the gun in a forward direction 4.. e., a directioncontrary to the recoil. Said chamber may be eitherrigidly or yieldingly attached to the barrel, as desired, and the surface against'which the-gases impinge may form either a rigid or yielding portion of the walls of said chamber. This chamber is preferably in the form of a funnel-shaped gasexpansion and gas confining nozzle and has aforward surface or shoulder and an opening E in line with the bore of the barrel of sufficient size topermit the passage of the pro jectile. This auxiliary gas-expansion chamber may be provided with openings E, Fig. 22, to permit the escape of the gas-current in a lateral or deflected direction. In order to control a greater quantity of the forward ower of t e gas-current, have shown in Fig. 23 a nozzle-composed of a series of auxiliary gas-expansion chambers E, E, and E of the forwardly-escaping gas-current.

struction whereby the power of-the gases of explosion is yieldingly transmitted to the gun-barrel. As shown in Fig. 34, the gaschamber E has located in its forward cylindrical end a perforated piston e, movable in In Figs. 34 and 35 I have shown'a conand in order to controland deflect a greater the cylindrical chamber against the tension of a spring e, reacting between the. front wall of the chamber and the piston. sired, the chamber E may have an opening e in the wall thereof, which when the piston is at rest registers with the passage'e extending from the face of the piston, said pisthe polnt w 1 Y the rear end of the driving-rod by the tube straddle the ton having a rearWardly-projecting flange e; which closes the opening upon the ad vancement of the piston against its spring. he gas-pressure escaping from the opening e may be utilized to perform work in connection with the operation of the armas, for example, operating the breech-action. An opening 6 may also be formed in such a posltion in the wall of the chamber E that it is normally closed, but is open to vent the chamber as soon as. the flange a has passed it. As shown in Fig. 35, the entire gas-controlling chamber E has movement relative to the barrel and has a spring e inter osed between a shoulder on the barrel and an oppositel dis ositioned shoulder in the chamber. it Will l)6 seen that in the form of gas-chamber as shown inFigs. 34 and 35 the forward action of the gas on the barrel is exerted through the yielding tension of the spring, thereby avoiding sudden and in'urious strains. I Furthermore, in the form 0 cham* ber disclosed in Fig. 34 the gas-chamber is one of expanded capacity by reason of the movement of the piston under the influence of the as.

T e power of the ized in the operation of the weapon by transmitting the power directlyor indirectly from ere the as is caught and controlled to the part to e operated, a suitable element or combination of element... being employed for this purpose. In the construction hereillustrated the power of the gas-current is transmitted to the bolt-action through a connecting medium D, called the driving-rod. It has at itsforward end a piston D, which is movable in the gas-tube 5 and compresses the driving-spring C". The rear end of the gas-tube C is provided with a shoulder or screw -plug C against which the spring C tube 5 is provided with an external opening 0 Fig. 33, at the rearward point of travel of the piston D, to allow the external escape of the gas after the full movement of the plston D. The rear end of the driving-rod is bifurcated to allow therespective arms to magazine and to connect the receiver and bolt-action.

The driving-rod D may from a sin le trated the be integrally formed piece; but as herewith illuslston-head D is connected with D The flexible draw-r0 D Figs. 1, 29, and 30, connects the driving-rod with the handle and moves the driving-rod when the same is withdrawn by hand, but has a tele- If degas-current may be utilis compressed. The

scopic action in the tube D when the weapon is automatically operated. The latch D is pivotally supported onlthe driving-rod and controls its enga ement with the draw-rod by straddling the atter in rear of an enlargement D as shown in Figs. 29 and 30. The rear end of the driving-rod is provided with lugsD and D, located on its respective opposite sides and constructed to enga e with the guide-tracks A". The right-han lug D is provided with cam-faces D ga ing with com anion cams bo t, and the le t-hand In with companion cam-faces gage with companion cams on the breechbolt. The rear end of the driving-rod is formed to straddle the magazine and to have a path of movement across the top of the magazine and within the body part of the breech-bolt. The driving-rod is also cut away on its upper side to allow it to conform to the shape of the receiver and barrel and is provided on its under side with a sear-lug a sear-notch D to enable the sear to catch and retain the driving-rod in either its front or rear position, and a depending lug D on the right-hand side of the rod. I have shown a modification of the driving-rod in which the cam-faces D and D are united to form a single cam D for enga ement with the left-hand side of the breecholt and the cam-faces D and D, which unite to form a single cam D to engage with the right-hand side of the breech-bolt.

The breech-bolt may have any desired form to ada t it'to the preferred form of the breech-bolto'cking action. As here illustrated it is in the form of a reciprocating and rotating bolt having its forward end formed with an interrupted screw-thread, one-half of which is out out, leaving a series of boltlockinglugs F for enga ement with companion lugs in the receiver 5 These lugs F are shown in four rows of four lugs each, andthe bolt is adapted to be turned one-eighth turn in lockin and unlocking. of the bofi; is provided with a groove forming an extractor-seat, which groove in transverse section is formed on an arc of a circle to on the breech- D" is provided and D to encause the extractor to lock with the flange or ulling out the groove of the cartridge inshell. This extractor-seat 2 circles the bolt and permits the ment of the bolt independent of the extrac- I tor. The extractor-seat F is also cut out at a point beyond the path of the extractors partially en movement to permit the extractor to be assembled and disassembled. The shell-extractor F is a hook havin its forward end formed to engage with the fan e or oove of the cartrid e'and its rearwar end aving a flange whic is formed on an arc of a circle in transverse section and permits a limited rocking and swinging movement of the extractor in the extractor-seat. In the round breech- The forward endv rotary move-.

and D for enbolt the. extractor conforms to the shape of the bolt-head and is adapted to remain stationary while the bolt turns, the extractorseat permitting this movement. This construction of the extractor and extractor-seat forms a hinged relation of the extractorand breech-bolt, and the spring-pressed stud F acts to yieldingly limit the latching movement of the extractor. the breech-bolt is counterbored to conform to the end of the cartridge and to form a support for the under side of the cartridge pp0 site the extractor. This support may also be formed to slightly engage with the groove or flan e of the cartridge, if required. The forwar with a central opening to receive and retain the firing-pin F in the form of a loose plunger having a limited movement, and is retained by 'the pin F passing through the breech-bolt. The body part of the breechbolt is cut out to allow the cartridge-clip or cartridge-magazine to rise up into the, receiver to the rear of the barrel, and the row of locking-1n bolt is forme to have a path of movement in line with the topmost cartridge between the side walls of the cartridge clip or magazine, ,7 the bolt-head being cut out or provided with 0 grooves F, as shown in Figs. 12 audit, for this purpose. These grooves F in the bolthead also afford a path of movement for the cartridge-ejector, which permits the ejector to rise into the path of the cartridge or shell when bein extracted. The cut-out construction o the body part of the breech-bolt also permits the rear end of the driving-rod D to have a reciprocating movement across the top of the magazine and the topmost car-- tridge therein.

The body part of the breech-bolt is provided with a cam-bolt lockin and firing track on its left-hand side an a cam-bolt unlocking and timing track on its right-hand side. The bolt-tracks F and F have a straight art at their forward end to permit a limited in movement of the driving-rod after the loc ing action of the bolt is complete, and the left-hand track F has a rear cam art Fl", which engages with a cam-face D ig. 26, on the slide D to govern the look ing action of the bolt with the receiver and the latching action of the driving-rod with the bolt. 'lhe right-hand bolttrack F has a rear cam art F, which engages with the cam-face Fi 29, of the driving-rod to govern the unloc 'ng action of the bolt from the receiver and-to govern the latching action of the driving-rod with the breech-bolt and to, time the latching action of the breechbolt with the receiver. The bolt-unlocking cam F may also be formed with an auxiliary cam-face F Fig. 13, and the bolt-locking cam F may have a companion cam-face 65 F to coact, .respectively, with the cams D The forward end of l end of the breech-bolt is provided s on the innerside of the breechand D of the driving-rod to govern the lockmg or engaging action of the driving-rod with the breechbolt and to govern the unlocking, reciprocating, and locking action of the breech-bolt with the driving-rod and the receiver. The lug F of thebreech-bolt is guided in the grooveA of the receiver, there by retaining the breech-bolt in fixed alinement with the receiver and causing'it to look i with the receiver always at a fixed point, the cut-out part A of the track A permitting a sufficient rotary movement of the lug F in looking the bolt. The lugs D and D of the guiding-rod are fixedly guided in the grooves A of the receiver and govern the reciprocating movement of the driving-rod.

The gun-frame G may have any required form to adapt it to the type of arm and operating action with which it is intended to be used and is attached to the under side of the barrel by the lug A and the pin G, Fig. 9. Its rear end is attached to the ca by means of the flangesG and A. Tl ie flange G is formed to be slipped into a companion groove A in the cap A", to which it may be suitably riveted or attached. The forwardpart of-the gun-frame is provided with a suit: able magazine-chamber which conforms in general shape and size to the ammunition with which it is intended to be used. The rear end of the magazine-chamber is provided with a groove G, Figs. 1', 5, and 9, to afford a sufficient clearance for the rear part of a specific form of magazine clip -and to afford shoulders for guiding the magazine-clip. The forward part of the magazine-chamber G is formed on an arc of a circle to-afford certain advantages in machining and manufacturing the same and to afford a clearance or space for the magazine-feed. This end of the magazine is also provided with a suitable opening G for the pm G, which connects the frame with the barrel, and a suitable opening G for thepin or screwwhich supports the sear and ma azine-feed. The rear end of the car- 110 tri ge -chamber is also provided with a slot or mortise G ,Fi 9, to receive and retain the magazine-feed atch R, and to the rear of the magazine-chamberthe frame is provided with a large circular opening G to. afford certain 11 5 advantages in machining and manufacturing the frame, and immediately in front of the opening G the frame is partially cut away to lighten the same and to afford a clearancespace for the trigger action and spring, wlnle no on the under side of the frame the opening or mortise G is formed to allow the trigger to be centrally located. The upper side of the frame has a cylindrical chamber G to receive and retain the ma this chamber G has as ot G throughwhich a lug on the latch rojects in the. path of the breech-bolt, so the olt engages with and controls the latch. The u per side of the frame is provided with a lug azine feed-latch, and 1 25 i Fig. 9, which is l oa the cartridge-ejector. The rear end of the the sear.

provided with a lug J Fi frame is provided with the usual tang for the reception of the tang-screw G. The under side of the frame at the rear of the magazine is provided with the usual tang and guardstrap G which is mortised and cut out at G to receive the handle-latch H and its actuat -spring. The tang G is formed with th e fianged guideway G", Figs. 9 and 15, to receive the handle and trigger-guard and allow them a suflicient movement to operate the bolt-action. l

- The handle H forms a trigger or fingerguard and handhold. /It has a reciprocating movement along the flanged guide-tracks G and is formed with-a flanged rib H, Fig. 15, which extends along its upper side and conforms to the shape of the track G". The forward end of the handle is the handle to straddle the trigger J and magazine-latch R.

The trigger J is pivotally sup orted in the frame by the pivot J and has a ger part J which is located in the central line of the arm and conforms to the shape of the finger. The slot through which the pin J passes is elongated to permit the longitudinal movement of the trigger. The forward end of the trigger has a V-shaped point J 3 for engaging with The trigger also has an arm and in J, Fi s. 1' and 9, for engagement with the ing-dia or firing-slide. The trigger is also s. 17, 18, and 19, or engagement with the living-rod. Normally this lug .J on the trigger lies below the path of movement of lug D on the drive-rod, so that the rod is free to reciprocate without engaging the lug J When the last cartridge has been fed from the magazine, however, the rear end of the cartridge-lifting lever N contacts with the lug J, Figs. 18 and 19, and slightly lifts the trigger, so as to bring the lug J up into the path of movement of the lug D on the drive-rod just before the drive-rod has reached its rearmost position, and said lug D", impin ing upon the lug J, forces the trigger slightly rearward, this being rendered possible by'the slotted opening J 2 throughthe trigger. This rearward movement of the trigger is sufficient. to free the sear K from the restraining action of the trigger, thereby permitting it to rise and engage the forward sear-notch D upon the drive-rod and retain it, together with the breech-block, in open position. In Fig. 17 the cartridgelifting lever N is shown in full lines in the po-' sition it occupies when there are cartridges in the magazine and in dotted lines in the position that it occupies when the last cartridge has been fed from the magazine. In Fig. 20 the sear and trigger are shown in the position which they occupy with relation to each other just before slotted to permit the cartridge-lifting lever" with this pin to cause a K ig. 36, having bearings in the frame to sustam the sear, and with a shoulder K for engagement with the driving-rod and auxiliary sear-notches K and K for engagement with the trigger. These notches K and K are a sufficient distance from each other to permit a limited movementof the sear for governing the firing action. I The firing-slide L, Fig. '1, is movably retained on the side of the frame by the pins L and L It is provided with a longitudinal slot L to ermit a limited longitudinal movement of t eslide, and a projecting arm L having a V-shaped latch for engaging with a series of notches in the side of the frame. It is also provided with an index-point L The upper side of the slide is provided with a series of notches and cam-faces for controlling the swinging and longitudinal movements of the trigger. It is also formed with a couple of lockingshoulders for locking the weapon out of action. The notch or cam-face L is located in the path of the movement of the pin J proj ecting from the side of the trigger, and engages partial longitudinal movement of the trigger and to govern the longitudinal and downward movement. This cam-face L controls the sear and trigger to govern the single-firing action from the magazine. The notch L controls the weapon for single-firing when fed by hand and has a sufficient de th to limit the downward move ment of the pin J of the trigger J and to allow a sufficient movement of the trigger for withdrawing the sear from the path of the driving-rod. The notch L has also a sufficient width to allow a longitudinal movement of the trigger for freeing the trigger from the sear. This notch L also has a sufiicient depth to ermit the trigger to be depressed far enough to bring the lug J into the path of the companion lug D of the driving-rod.

The notch L" controls the action of the arm to load the weapon by the primary pull of the trigger and to discharge it by a secondary pull of the trigger and has on its forward side a cam-face for engaging with the pin J. It has a depth suilicient to allow the movement of the trigger and pin J to free the sear from the engagement with the driving-rod and to permit or cause a sufficient longitudinal movement of the trigger to allow it to alternately engage with the notches K and K on the searK.

The notch L governs the automatic firing action of the arm and is formed to ermit a sufficient movement of the trigger and pin J to retain the sear K out of the path of the drivin -rod till the magazine has been einptied o cartridges. It permits a sufficient longitudinalmovement of the pin' J" and the trigger J to allow the sear to reengage with also'provided with an arm L to engage with a series of notches '(see 1) inthe side of the gun-frame and maintain a semilatched relation of the slide L with the frame in the diflerent positions, and the frame is provided for with a scale for indicating the different firing ositions of the slide, and for convenience of escription these different positions have been abeled or named, the name being plainly written on the side of the frame. I

The dial, Fig. 32, is a modification of the slide L and agrees with it in'its construction' and the manner in which it controls the firing action, except that it is pivotally attached tothe frame by the screw M and rotatable to cause it to assume the different positions. L and'L are shoulders which when the dial is adjusted to bring them under the rear end of the sear act to lockthe action with the breech open or closed, respectively.

I The magazine-feed is lvotally supported in the frame on the pivot i Fi 9, and comprises a long lever N and a s ort lever O, which en ages with an actuating-spring P, having a ong arm P and short arm P its short arm engaging with one'lever and its arm engaging with the other lever to afa relative y different movement of the levers. A screwlug-P is employed to ad just the tension 0 the-spring P.

lon

The lever N, Fig. 4 and Fig. 9,.is provided at its rear end with a hin e, and the cartridge- I shelf N is hinged to the ever N in such manner as to permit a limited movement. These levers N and 0 may have any required shape to adapt them to the cartridges and magazine system with which they are intended to be used.

The ma azine-latch R is pivotallysupported in the ame on the pivot R and projects into the path of the rear end of the cartridge- -clip U, Fi .9, when such clip is employed, and

has a late -shaped end for engagement therewith. This latchin end of t e latch R is preferably formed 0 two bevel-sha ed lugs, with an opening between them to a ord certain advantages in retaining the clip.

The magazine-feed slide T is interposed between the bolt-action and the magazine and has a path of movement across the-to of the ma azine to consecutively feed t e cartri ges. Thisslide T is movable in the chamher G. It may have any required shape to conform to the shape of the chamber in which it moves and is shown as a round bar having its forward end beveled, Fig. 8, to conform to the required position of the cartridges. It is provided on its upper side with a lu T, pro- ]ecting through slot G in the pat of' the breech-bolt, and at its rear end with the pin T to guide and limit its movement by engagement with the slot G.

The cartrid e-ejector S is pivotally supported in the lug G and has a forward extremity,whic'h is movable into the path of the cartridge a's'it is extracted, and has a rear extremity, which projects into the path of the drivin -rod. The forward end is preferabl forme double having separate arms to al low the lower locking-lugs of'the breech-bolt to reciprocate between them, and is provided with a notch or shoulder S for engagement with the butt-end of the cartridge, and its rear end is provided with a lug or cam-face S for engaging with the companion cam on the driving-rod to cause the ejector to rise into engagement with the shell at a fixed point in'the rearward movement of the shell, preferably against the tension of the sping S The gun havin' been fired and the roject ile having passe the o ening A", ig. 22, the gas enters the chem er C, the roiectile acting as a valve to permit a gra ua ly-increasing amount of the gas to enter the said chamber and then acting as a valve to delay the forward exit of the gas from the chamber A. This chamber may be expanded so as to have a greater diameter than the bore of the barrel, and such expansion may extend throughout its length or for only a' portion thereof, as shown in Fig. 34, where it is expanded and then contracted, so as form rearwardly-facing shoulders. This expansion of the chamber A acts to reduce the force of ICC the gas-current, which is exerted on the ac- I tion throu h the chamber C, while the rearwardly-facing shoulders form areas of resistance to the gas-current, and thereby assist in the reduction or entire counteractionof the recoil. The graduated action of the gas on the piston D insures a smooth and easy movement of the parts, thus eliminating shocks and strains, while permitting any desired power to be employed for the performance of the work in connection with the gun.

The current operates against the piston D, to move the piston to unlock and'withdraw the bolt-action, crosses the o ening C and permits an external escape of the gas. The piston-head D may be. provided with annular grooves to receive and distribute a suitable lubricant, such as a combination of plumbago with a suitable oil. The gas-plug C may be unscrewed and withdrawn from'thegas-chamber C, thus opening the action for the purpose of cleaning...

at which time the piston D. f

. bolt.

The gas-current, which is caught by the auxiliary gas-chamber E, is preferably deflected laterally or toward the rear to prevent it from exerting a rearward pressure on the arm and to cause it to exert a forward pressure against the recoil. For the purpose of adapting the gas-controlling device to heavier arms a series of auxiliary gas-controlling chambers E E and E areformed to catch and control the gas-current in a series of consecutive steps. The opening E in the auxiliary chamber E is practically formed larger than the opening E in the secondary chamber E and this in turn is larger than the gas-opening in the chamber E, thus allowing the first chamber to. catch and control a required uantity of the gas-current and the second 0 amber E to control a further quantity of the gas-current, and the third chamber to controlthe terminal quantity of the gas-current, this consecutive arrangement of the gas-chambers reducing and entirely controlling the flame and the recoil.

The operation of the bolt-action is as follows: Su posing the breech-bolt to be in the position i lustrated in Fig. 1 and the drivingrod in its forward position, the action of the gas-current on the drivin -rod compels the driving-rod to move bac over the boltguide tracks F until the cam-face D comes in contact with the unlocking track F. The driving-rod D is controlled by the lugs D.and- D, Fig. 25, which move in the track A, and the cam ac tion of the track F rolls ,the breech-bolt to the partially-unlocked position, bringing-the cam-face .D on the driving-rod in connection with the cam F on the breech-bolt, thus causin the further movement of. the driving-r0 to fully unlock the bolt-action and to bring the driving-rod into a semilatched engagement with the breech-bolt. The lu Figs. 9 and.12, is by this movement turne out of the circular part of the track A and into line with the track A, thus permitting a straight rearwardmovement of the breechbolt and restraining it against rotation until it is returned to its forward position. The rearward movement of the breech-bolt brings it in contact withthe lug T of the magazine-slide T and withdraws the latter from its engagement with the cartrid e in the ma azine, thus allowing the cartridges to be fed upward into the path of the breechboltl when the magazine-feed firing-action is use In 27 and 28 Ihave shown a modification of the cam-faces D, D", D, and D, these cams bein united to form single cams D and D.*T e bolt-locking cams F and F are also formed with the cam-faces F and F thus allowing the unlocking action of. the breech-bolt to be accom lished by a single cam-face on either side of the breech- The bolt-guiding lug F, Figs. 9 and cam part of the bolt-- ea ees 12, is guided during the rearwardmo'vement of the breech-bolt in the uide-trackAfiand the forward movement oi the breech-bolt is caused by the engagement of the driving-rod with the cam-track F", the lug F preventing the rollin or locking movement of the breech-bolt til it has reached the cut-out part A which permits the rollin movement of the lug F at a time when the coking-lugs of the breech-bolt F have reached a point opposite their companion locking-lugs of the receiver A The tracks F and F have a considerable straight part at their forward ends to permit a firing movement of the driving-rod after the locking action of the breech-bolt is complete and to allow the driving-rod to acquire-a certain momentum in the initial part of its rearward movement before unlocking the bolt-action or starting to extract the shell. The. locking-lugs on both the breech-bolt and receiver are con structed to exert a cam action on the breechbolt, causing the bolt to be drawn forward by its rotary locking movement and drawn toward the rear by its rotary unlocking movement. This construction causes a forceful action of the breech-bolt in seating the shell in the cartridge-chamber and in starting to extract the shell threfrom. The momentum of the driving-rod also causes the extractor to exert a blow in the initial extracting movement of the shell. i

The extractor is prevented from being rotated with the breech-bolt by its engagement with the lug A of the receiver, the extractorseat permitting the extractor to remain stationary while the breechbolt is rotated. The hinged relation of the extractor with the v breech-bolt permits a .sufiicient swin or u ward movement of the extractor to a low t e forward or hooked extremity of the extractor to engage with the flange or groove of the cartridge, the spring-stud F ermitting a suflicient latching movement 0? the extractor for this purpose. The extractor-seat being formed on an arc of a circle and the extractor formed on a companion arc, the en-- gagement of the extractor with the cartridge causes the bolt and extractor to draw them partially into engagement with the cartridge, and the harder the shell extracts the tighter and more fixed and immovable becomes the en agement of the extractor.

he ejecting action of the arm is controlled by a pivotal y-supported cartridge-ejector which is moved into and out of the path of the cartridge of the driving-rod. The forwar end of the cartridge-ejector brin the notch S into engagement with both t e rear end and under side of the cartrid e, thus checking the rearward movement 0 the cartridge and causing it to turn up and out through the o ening in the upper part of the receiver. T e action of the cartridge-ejector is timed by the disby the reciprocatin movement I tance of its forwardejector to have a slight upward movement after the ejector is engaged with the shell, thus causing it to follow up the ejecting or turning movement of the shell. It is also apparent that the ejector may be integrally formed with the gun-frame, as shown at S in Fig. 11, the bolt-head being sufiieiently cut out to allow a path of movement over the ejector. The forward end of the ejector is preferably forked or two-armed in order to allow the locking-lugs of the breech-bolt to be reciprocated between. the arms of the ejector, also to allow the ejector to engage with the end of the shell at two opposite points, thus causing it to swing out of the receiver in a fixed path of ejection andavoiding the necessity of splitting the bolt-locking lug'in the middle and reducing its strength.

The firing action is accomplished by the terminal forward movement of the drivingrod and the force of the driving-spring, avoiding the necessity for auxiliary -firing mechanism. This construction also renders the firing action of thearm perfectly safe, be-

- rise into 't e path of the other sear-notches,

f 5 For convenienceof ignated the. difl'erent plane.

two or more notches which ave different paths of movement in order to allow the trigcause the driving-rod cannot strike the firingin or discharge the arm in any other than a full-locked position of the bolt. The firing action of the drivin -rod is controlled by a sear and trigger, an the driving-rod is provided with a series of sear-notches located in different lanes in order to allow the sear to movement of any of the'notches which are in a higher or different The scar itselfis also. rovided with ger to engage with one sear-notch and be retained out of the path of one or more of the the vertical movement of the sear being thus-controlled in a series of steps, at an one of which [steps it may be. sto ped, an the driving-rod being also contro led by the sear to divide its movement into a series of steps and both the reciprocat in and swinging movement of the trigger being. also controlled by a series of coacting cams. .The arrangement and combinationof the firing feeding a'ction of the arm controls the weapon for any desired manner of accomplishing both the loading and discharge of the arm.

description I have desloading and firing actrons of the arm in several successive steps, one of which is single firing from the magathus The cam D". on the driving-rod causes the forwardend of the bring it into the path of the I shown inFig. 1

' I have designated the sear throng zine. (See Figs. 1' and 32.) In this position of the parts a single shot only may be fired from t e magazine by each successive lll of the trigger. The shoulder of the sear engaging with the shoulder D on the driving-rod and stopping the forward move ment of the rod at the beginning of the straight parts F F of the bolt-locking tracks, as illustrated in Fig. 1, the nose J of the trigger being in engagement with the notch 4 of the sear, and the cam-face L being in the path of the downward movement of the pin J on the trigger, the initial pull of the finger on the trig er acts to first depress the scar and free it om the driving-rod, which then advances to discharge the gun, while the continued pull on the trigger brings the pin J- and causes a into contact with the cam L rearward movement of the trigger suflicient to free'it from the notch K of the sear and sear. The continued pull on the tri ger, with its nose J engaging the sear-note K depresses. the sear sufliciently to prevent the shoulder K from engaging the notch D Fig. 29, on the drivin -rod, but permits the sear to rise high enough to engage the shoulder D", so that the gases of explosion act to.

notch K of the drive the rod to its full rear position, and the sprin C at once advances it to close the breec without the sear engaging the notch D. The shoulder K", however, engages the shoulder D", so that the gun is loaded, the

breech-block closed and locked, and the gun held cocked. The pull of the finger upon the trigger is now released and under the influence of its spring it is returned to the position with the nose J 3 engaging the shoulder K. This adjustment permits the driving-rodto discharge the arm, extract the shell, andreload the gun, each pull of the trigger.

The second firing action of the arm, which as single-fire when the weapon is fed by hand, is controlled by moving the registers with the pin J of the trigger J. notch L permits a sufiicient movement the trigger and pin J tirely out of the path of the to bring the ln ath of the lug 2 on the driving-rod. The Fast part of the rearward movement of the driving-rod will thus cause a rearward movement of the trig er and free the tri ger from Thls drivingrod and with the pin J and a ow the sear to reengage with'the notch D of the driving-rod, retainin the action in its rear or open when the trigger is freed from the er, it reen ages wit the notch K the trigger in this Tcind of firing en aging with the under side ofjthe driving-r0 to prevent it from rising high enougle to engage with the notch K. The weapon" thus held open with the ready for firing at dial or slide until the notch I of to swing the sear en-.-

en agementof t elug D,

' J on the trigger into the osition.

last part of ment with the driving-rod,

the trigger carries the cartridge into the car-' tridge-chamber in the barrel, rotates and locks the breech-bolt, fires the arm, and the gas action operating through the driving-rod unlocks and withdraws the breech-bolt, the the rearward movement of the driving-rod engaging with the trigger to free it from the sear and allow it to engage with the forward sear-notch D in the driving-rod, as before.

In controlling the weapon for the next firing action of the arm the firing dial or slide is moved till the notch L registers with the pin J of the trigger J and the point L registers with the index marked Single load and fire, at which time the latch or arm L engages with the gun-frame to maintain the firing-dial or firing-slide latched in this position. This position of the firing devicecontrols the parts to lock the action open and allow the cartridges to be fed from the magazine or by hand, the initial pull of the trigger freeing the sear from the driving-rod and bringing the shoulder K of the sear into the path of the shoulder D of the driving-rod, and a second ull of the trigger o erating to free the sear rom the driving-r05 and at the same time free the trigger from the sear by the engagement of the pin J with the cam-face of the notch L", so thatthe sear rises and engages with the notch D of the driving-rod to retain the action open for the next shot.

In the automatic action of the arm the trigger acts to retain the sear out of engageso that the. unis continuously reloaded and fired unti the trigger is released from the finger or until, the cartridges being exhausted from the cartridge-feed, the sear is again set free by the terminal rearward movement of the action after the firing of the last cartridge. In this kind of firin action the firing device is moved till the note 1 L registers with the pin J of the trigger J and the latch L re isters with the position of the scale marked peed fire. The notch L of the pin J to free the sear from the drivingrod and carry it entirely out of the path of the driving-rod and retain it in this, position until the u Ward movement of the cartridgefeed as the reech is opened after dischar ing the last cartridge brings the feed-lever N into engagement with the trigger and lifts it, -so that the in J lies in the path of the terminal rearward movement of the lug D, which strikes the in J and drives it slightly rearward, .and t us frees the trigger from the sear, allowing the sear to reen age with the notch D of the driving-rod am? retain the action in its open position. In the ordinary positions of the trigger, with a cartridge or cartridges in the magazine, the pin J on the trig er lies just below the path of the lug D an hence engage with permits a sufficient movement the trigger from the sear till the cartridgelifter engages with the trigger and lifts the pin J above the shoulder at the bottom of the notch L. The notch L thus retains a latched engagement with the trigger until freed by the magazine-feed or by releasing thefinger. The weapon may be locked in its loaded or firing osition by movin the firing dial or slide unti it registers with t e position of the scale marked Locked closed and the shoulder L is brought into locked enagement with the end of the sear while the atter engages the notch D of the drivingrod. he weapon may be locked in its open position by moving the dial or slide till it reg isters with the position on the scale marked Locked open/f at which time the shoulder L is brought into engagement with the sear and locks the sear in engagement with the notch D of the driving-rod. The operation ofthe sear and dial is essentially the same, excepting that the one controls the firing by a rotary movement and the other by a longitudinal sliding movement.

The operation of the magazine cartridgefeed is as follows: The feed automatically controlsthe manner in which the cartridges are fed up .and passed from the magazine to the barrel, the cartridge-lifter being formed to maintain. a parallel feeding movement of the cartridges, the cartridge-follower automatically adjusting itself .to the different steps in the feeding movement as the cartridges are successively removed from the magazine. The automatic adjustment of the cartridge-lifter to the position of the cartridges may beformed to give any required position to the topmost cartridge and to pass the succeeding cartridges from the ma azine successively to the barrel in the same relative position and relation to the barrel and boltaction,

The operation of the short and long levers and the adjustment of these levers to the required position of the cartridge is maintained by the difference in length between the long and short arm of the spring with which these levers engage. A faster movement is imarted to the short lever than to the long one, ecause the long arm of the spring moves faster than the short one or moves through the arc of a greater circle and its point of contact is nearer to the pivotal support of the leis provided stamens ver. The adjustmentof the spring to the different feedingpositions of the respective l'evers will do end upon the shape of the lever at its point 0 contact with the spring and the shape-of that part of the lever over which the engaging part of the spring passes. movement is given to the ion lever than to the short one by reasonof the fact that it engages with the short arm of the spring-that is, the shoulder which is nearer to the attached end of the spring, thus connecting it with the spring at a point which has less travel of the spring and at a point farther from the pivotally-supported returning-point of the lever. The cartridge shelf may be hinged to either lever, but is here shown hinged to the longer lever as a preferred form of construction to form an adjustable shelf for the cartridge in passing it from the magazine The spring which actuatestheto the barrel. cartridge-feed ma have its tension adjustably increased or iminished' by any suitable form of'adjustable'screw, such as P, Fig. 9.

The magazine feed-latch R engages, with the cartridge-clip, when such is used, to main .tai-n the clip in either its upper or lower posi-' tion, and its engaging end is formed to engage with the clip at its central part for holding the clip in its lower position, thus enabling that it cannot the clip to be formed so that it may be inserted either side up, and the feed will correctly engage it. The latch enga ement with clip is preferably formed to hold the clip so be moved either up or down. The latch B may be moved out of the ath of the cartridge-clip by the finger, thus a owing the clip to use into its upper position and re-' engage with the latch. The cut out construction of the under side of the breech-bolt which allows the under locking-lugs of the breech-bolt to pass between the side wings of the cartridge-clip or magazine to rise up into the path of the bolt far enough to for-m a direct and easy path of movement for the cartridge as it is passed therefrom into the barrel by the breech-bolt. This construction does not materially reduce the strength of the bolt-action, but at the same time affords a direct path of movement for the cartridgefeeding action.

The handle-latch H is spring-pressed, and its forward or latched ends project into the path of the handle and en ages with the handie to lock it in its forwar position.

What I claim is 1. In a gun, the combination of a barrel, and a breech-block, with a chamberoonstituting an enlargement-of .the bore, a slotted opening thereinto, a cylinder having apiston therein operatively connected to the breechblock, and a gradually-expanding passage I extending from said slotted opening to said cylinder. 2. In a gun, the combination of a barrel and a breech-block, with a chamber consti- A slower the tuting an enlargement of the bore, a'slotted opening thereinto, a cylinder having a piston thereinoperatively connected to the breechblock, a graduallyexpanding passage extending from said slotted opening to said 0 linder, a vent in said passage, and means for adjusting the area of said vent.

3. In a gun the combination of a barrel and a receiver, with a reciprocating and rotatin breech block having reversel -in cline cams on its opposite sides, a sli e actuated by the gases of discharge and operatively engaging said cams to rotate the block, and a lug on the bolt engaging a longituditudi'nstlly-extending groove in the receiver, whereb the bolt is restrained from rotation except in its forward position.

4. In a gun the combination of a barrel and a receiver, with tati'ng breech-block, a discharge-actuated and rotation to said block, and an engagement between the block and receiver restraining the block from rotation except in its forward position.

5. In a gun, the combination of a barrel and a receiver, with a reciprocating and rotating breech-block, a discharge-actuated slideimparting movements of reciprocation and rotation to said block, and a lug on the block engaging a longitudinally-extending groove in the receiver during the reciprocation of the breech-block, whereby the block is restrained from rotation except in its forward osition. a

6. n a gun, the combination with the barrel, of a gas-chamber in communication therewith and one or more gas-chambers in a reciprocating. and ro- 5 slide imparting movements of reciprocation line with the bore of the barrel, said chamber or chambers increasing 111 cross -sectional area n a forward direction.

7. In a gun, the combination with the barrel, of a gas-chamber in communication therewith, and a plurality of additional gaschambers in line with the bore of said barrel and having openings, of different diameters for the passage of the projectile.

8. In a firearm the combination of a gun barrel having slotted openings into the ore of the barrel, and gas-chamber encircling the barrel and detachably attachedto it, said gas-chamber having a longitudinal slotted opening on its under side to facilitate the machining and manufacturing of the chamher, and a gas-tube connecting with the gaschamber and means closing the external opening for machining it.

9. In a gun, the combination of a barrel, a gas-chamber connected thereto and having a vent-opening, and a band encircling the chamber and adjustable over the Vent-opem ing.

10. In a gun, with a gas-chamber, having a vent-opening,

the combination of a barrel connected thereto and a band encircling the chamber and adjustable over the vent-opening, and a lock-band maintaining said band in its adjusted position.

11. In a gun, the combination of a'barrel with a series of gas-chambers in line with the bore of the barrel, one of said chambers having a vent-opening and means for adjusting the size of said vent-opening.

12. In a gun, the combination of a barrel with a nozzle having one or more gas-expansion chambers in line with the bore ofthe barrel and provided with an opening for the passa e of theprojectile, a vent from said cham er, and a screw-adjustment for con trollin the area of said vent.

13. n a firearm, a ower-controlling de: vice comprising agun-barrel combined with a nozzle consisting of a series of gas-expansion chambers consecutively arran ed, the openings into the several chambers eing of different diameters to allow the consecutive chambers to catch a greater orless amount of the as-current.

14. n a magazineun, a cartridge-lifter comprising a spring aving a long and a on the cartridge.

short arm each of which has a lifting action 15. In a magazineun, a cartridge-lifter comprising along an a short lever, and a spring engaging each of saidlevers at different points 0 the spring.

16. In a gun, a magazine-feed system comprising a cartridge-magazine and a long and short ever pivotally supported and movable in the magazine, a spring attached to the magazine and having a long and short arm, the long arm of the spring engaging with one lever and the other engaging with the other lever to afford a relativel faster movement of one lever than of the other for maintaining a relative feeding movement of the cartridges.

17. In a gun, a magazine cartridge-feed comprising a long and short lever pivotally supported and movable in the magazine, a cartrid' e-shelf hinged to thelong lever and engage b the short lever, and an actuating-spring aving a shoulder and forwardlyprojecting finger or arm and engaging with the said levers to govern the relative movement of the levers and to control the feeding movement and position of the cartridges.

18. In a gun, a magazine cartridge-feed comprising a cartridge-magazine, a springressed cartridge-lifter feeding the cartridges om the magazine into the receiver, and a feed-controllin slide movable into and out'of the path of t e topmost cartridge, and a breech-bolt engaging with the slide to time and feed the cartridges from the magazine.

19. In a gun, the combination of a reciproeating breech-bolt, an operating-rod engaging with the breech-bolt, a cartridge-ejector pivotally supported in the frame and engaging with the operating-rod to swing its vforaction-of the bolt when at a fixed ward end into and out of the path of the cartridges, and a cartridge-extractor carried by the breech-bolt.

20. In a gui the combination with the barrel and receiv: r of a reciprocating and rotating breech-bolt having locking-lugs, a car tridge-ejector pivotally supported in the gunframe and having arms movable into and out of the path of the extracted cartridges on either side of the locking-lugs of the breechbolt, the said cartridge-ejector engaging with the. operating-rod to throw the ejector into the path of the cartridge and a spring to reverse this movement.

21. In a gun, the combination with the barrel and the receiver of a reciprocating breechbolt having its under side out out to allow the cartridge-magazine to rise up into the path of the bolt, a cartridge-magazine having resilient sides for retaining and guiding the cartridges, said sides rising up into the path of the cut-out portion of the breech-bolt, to feed thle cartridges from the magazine to the barre 22. In a gun, the combination with the barrel and receiver, of a reciprocating and rotatin breech-bolt, the under side of the breechbo t cut out to allow the cartridge-magazine to rise up into the path of the bolt, said bolt having a locking-lug guided between the resilient sides of the clip or magazine, a car'- tridge-magazine having resilient sides rising up into the path of the bolt to bringthe topmost cartridge into the path of the bolt, and consecutively feed the cartridges into the bar- 'rel.

23. In a gun, a bolt-action comprising a receiver having a longitudinal guide-track and locking-lugs, a breech-bolt having companion locking-lugs and an auxiliary lug movable in the uide-track in the receiver, the body part 0 the bolt provided with a camtrack on one side for governing the locking action of the bolt and on the other side for governing the unlocking action of the bolt, a driving-rod guided in the receiver and engaging with the cam-tracks in the breech-bolt to reciprocate, lock and unlock the bolt, the tracks in the receiver permitting the rolling oint.

24. In a gun the combination 0 a barrel and a receiver with a breech-bloclqa reciprocating slide operating said block and also acting as the striker or hammer to discharge the gun, a sear movable into engagement with said slide when the block is fully open and fully closed, a trigger tripping said scar, and means controlling the tripping action of the trigger, whereby the gun may be fired from the open position of the breech-block byone I2 5 or by two pulls on the trigger as desired.

25. In a gun, the combination of a barrel and a receiver, with a breech-block, a reciprocating slide operating said block and also acting as a striker or hammer to discharge the gun, a sear movable into'and out of the path of said slide, a trigger engaging the sear,

I the breech and rengage the slide before the latter discharges the gun.

26. In a gun, the combination of a barrel, a receiver, a breech-block, a magazine, and a magazine-slide controlling the feed of car tridges from the magazine, with a reciprocating slide operating said block and acting as a striker to discharge the gun, a scar having a shoulder normally in the path of said reciprocating slide, a trigger engaging said scar, and means disengaging said trigger from the sear when the trigger is pulled, whereby a pull of the trigger acts to first disengage the sear from the slide and then permit the 'sear to rise and rengage the slide. g

27. In a gun the combination of a-barr'el I and receiver, with a reciprocating and rotating breech-block, a discharge-actuated slide operatively engaging the block, and acting as striker to discharge the gun, a searca able of engaging the slide when the breechlock is in its fully-open and fully-closed positions,

a trigger capable of successively tripping said sear from said en agements or of holding the I sear'wholly out o engagement with the slide,

"block, a sear engaging the slide when the.

andmeans governing th e action of the trigger on the sear for sald purposes.

28. In a gun, the combination of a barrel, a

receiver, a breech-block, a discharge-actuated slide operatively engaging the breechbreech-block is in its fully-open position after the last cartridge has been fired, a cartridge-lifter, a trigger engaging said, sear and having a part in the path of the cartridgelifter after the last cartridge has been fed from the magazine, and a part on the trigger in thepath of the rearward movement of the slide when said trigger has been raised by the cartridge-lifter, whereby the slide is engaged by the sear with the breech-block open after the last cartridge he s been fed from the magazine.

block, an automatic operating-slide therefor, a cartridge-feed lever, a sear engaging the slide when the breech-blOckis in open position after the last cartridge has been fired, a trigger engaging said sear and having a art in the path of the terminal movement 0 the feed-lever after the last cartridge is fed from the magazine and raised by said feed-lever into the path of the operating-slide whereby the trigger is shifted into the path of the slide and disengaged from the sear.

30. The combination of a breech-blockopening slide having a plurality of scar notches or shoulders in diiierent planes, a scar mounted to engage said shoulders, a

29. In a gun,. the combination of a breeoh-' trigger for tripping said sear, and adjustable means limiting the swing of the trigger and thereby towar said slide. I

31. The combination of abreech-block opening slide having a plurality of scar notches or shoulders'in different planes, a

trigger capable of longitudinal movementengagin said sear to'trip it, and means imparting ongitudinal movement to the trigger when pulled.

32. The combination of a'breech-blockoperating slide having sear notches or shoulders in diiferent planes, a sear for engaging said notches, a pivoted longitudinally-movable trigger ior tripping said. sear, and adjustable means controlling the oscillatory and reciprocatory movements of said trigger.

33. The combination of a breech-blockoperating slide having sear notches or shoulders in difierent planes, a sear for engaging trigger engaging said sear, and means limiting and controlling the oscillations and re ciprocations of said trigger.

34. The combination of a breech-blockoperating slide having sear-notches, a scar for engaging the same, an oscillatory reciprocatory trigger engaging said searanda shoulder formed thereon, and a disk also having a shoulder and adjustable into and out of the path of the shoulder on the trigger, whereby the triggermay be locked against movement and its oscillations and reciprocations controlled.

35. The combination of a breech-blockoperating slide having a plurality of sear notches or shoulders in diiierent planes, a sear mounted to engage said shoulders and having a plurality of notches thereon in different planes, and a triggersuccessively engaging said notches on the sear.

36. The combination of agun-barrel, and a nozzle in front of the muzzle end of the barrel, said nozzle having interior circumferential areas of resistance to the flow of the gases of discharge and rearwardly-inclined lateral vents extending through the walls of the nozzle from points adjacent to but to the rear of said areas of resistance.

37. The combination of a gunbarrel, and a nozzlein front of the muzzle end of the barrel, said nozzle having a plurality of .rearwardly-facing surfaces on its'interior, and a plurality of rearWardly-inclined yents in proximity to said surfaces.

38. The combination of a gun-barrel, and a nozzle in front of the muzzle end of the barrel, said nozzle having a plurality of rearwardly-facing resistance-surfaces decreasin from the muzzle end of the barrel forwar and rearwardly-inclined vents in proximity to said surfaces. i 39. The combination of a gun barrel and a sear mounted to engage said shoulders, a

controlling the vibrations of the sear said notches, an oscillatory reciprocatory IIO an at 827,259

nozzlein front of the muzzle end of the bar- I Wardly-inclined vents formed n its Walls, the rel, said nozzle having a plurality of rearvents of each set being symmetrically arwardly-facing annular surfaces on its interanged in a plane at right angles to the path rior, the area of each surface being greater of the projectile through the nozzle.

5 than that of the one in front of it, and a plu- In testimony whereof I have signed this 15 rality of rearwardly-inclined vents located to specification this 16th day of February, 1900. the rear of but adjacent to said surfaces. SFN. MOCLEAN.

40. The combination of a gun-barrel, and a Witnesses: nozzle in front of the muzzle end of the bar- REEVE LEWIS,

1o rel, said nozzle having several sets of rear- S. T. CAMERON.