US827175A - Change-speed gearing. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OPEICE'. l

WALTER R. PEARSON, OE DETROIT, IiIICPIIeAN,- AND CHARLES E. 7 ROBERTS, OE OAK PARK, ILLINOIS ASSIeNORS TOSTANDARD SCREW COMPANY, OE DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION4 OE NEW JERSEY.

CHANGE-SPEED"GmNGL' Specification of Letters Patent.

' Original application Eai May 0,1002, seiiaiNa.v 100,620. Divided and this afppiicaiioaiiiea october 18,1904. serial No. 229.033.

i Tb @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be itknown vthat we,WALTER B. PEARSON, aresident of Detroit, Wayne county, Michi-` gan,fand' CHARLES E. ROBERTS, a resident of Oak Park, Cook county, Illinois, citizens4 of thek United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Change-Speed Gearing, of which the following is a specification.

'This invention relates to change-speed gearing. x

l Thisv application is'filed as a division of an application heretofore filed by us in the PatentiOffice on May 9, 1902, Serial No. 106,620, in which'a change-speed gearing of our inventionis shown and described, but isnot separately claimed. y

A primary object of the invention is toprovidel aY driving-gear for imparting rotationato af shaft, as the cam-shaft of a machine' for `making lmetal screws froml a"power-shaft`atv illustrated, Figure 1 is' a transverse vertical 'u sectional view of the Screw-machine which forms the'subject-matter'of our Inain appli'- cation, Serial No. 106,620, showing a changespeed gearing of ourinvention appliedY for driving the cam-shaft of Vsaid machine; and, Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are enlarged detail views of' certain parts shown in Fig. .f In the drawings, a change-speed gearing of I our invention is shown as appliedfor drivin the cameshaft of a machine for making meta screws, fully shown and' described insaid appli'cation, Serial No. 106,620, of which the` present application isy a division and to'which reference is made as to features herein shown, but not fullyl described. Referring now -to the drawings, A designates the frame of the machine, revolubly mountedin'which is a shaft C, to which rot'ation` is imparted from a shaft B,L mounted` in suitable bearings inthe machine-frame and which is driven'from any suitable source of power byineans of a beltl (not shown)'ap plied to fast and loosepulleys 1 and2 thereon. f

connected intermediate gears or pinions 8 65 i and 9, revolubly mounted on a stud 10,- secured in the machine-frame, which respectively mesh with the gears 6 and' 7. The Vslow-driving train ofgears com rises relatively small and large gears 11 lan 5 '12,secured 7o to theshafts B and D, respectively, and connected intermediate gears or pini'ons 13 and 14, whichr are revolubly mounted on'a stud 15 and Whichrespectively mesh'with' the gearsl 1 .and 12 on the shafts'B and D. Inthe prefer- 7 5 able construction shown the Stud 415 is secured in a swinging arm 16, adjustably mounted on a suitablebearing' on the machineeframe and adapted to lb'e secured in any vdesired "angular adjustment thereon byl a clamping'- 8o bolt A1.7. Provision .is thus mad'efor changing the gears 13 and 14 to vary the slow speed ofthe shaft- D." To provide for driving'said shaft D at. different lrates'of speedfthegears 7 and 12. are normallyloo'se on ksaid shaftand 85 are adapted to be secured thereto by suitable. means, when desired. As shown, the gear 7 is adaptedto' be secured tosaid shaft D by Ameans of a, suitable friction-clutch. The clutch shown in the drawings Vand designated 9o as a whole by the reference-letteI-IE coniprises asection 18, .mountedl so as to rotate freely on saidshaft D, a section 19, secured to said shaft, a split friction-ring20, adapted' to engage a suitable seatf or bearingon'thel loose 95 'clutch 'member 18,'a wedge 21, for expandtu ing said friction-ring into engagement with its seat or bearing'on said loose clutchmember 18, a lever 22, pivoted upon the clutch member v19aprojecti'on on said lever, prefroc erably consisting of a screw threaded through a lug on said lever, adapted for forcing the wedge 21 between the ends ofthe split frictionf ring 20 to expand said friction-ringinto enoperation of said clutch E.

.to maintain the same normally locked, and ,thus to secure the gear 7 rigidly to the shaft lsleeve 23 is a peripheral groove 25, which is .bracket 28 on the machine-frame. .clutch-Eis maintained normally locked by a .tached to a pin in the bracket 28 and to a .regulating the tension of the spring 29, it is vspring 29 will maintain the clutch E normally A. The fast-driving train of gears is designed '45 gagement with its seat on said loose clutch j member 18 when the lever 22 is moved pivotally in the proper direction, and a sleeve 23, longitudinally movable on the shaft D, to which the end of the lever 22 is connected by means of a link 24. Movement of the sleeve 23 longitudinally of said shaft D will thus impart pivotal movement to the lever 22 to effect engagement and disengagement of the friction-ring 2O with its seat or bearing on the loose clutch member 18 in an obvious manner., The gear 7 is rigidly secured to the loose clutch member 18 and will thus be locked to or released from the shaft D by the A spring applied to the clutch E operates D and to maintain the fast-driving train normally in operative engagement with said shaft. In the specific construction shown, said clutch is controlled in the following man- .nerz Formed in the exterior surface of the engaged by pins 26, secured in the free ends of lever-arms 27, pivotally supported upon a The spring 29, the opposite ends of which are atlug or projection 31 on a rod 32, one end of which is connected to the lever-arms 27 and the other end of which is fitted to and longitudinally movable in a suitable bearing in the machine-frame. In order to provide for connected to the projection 31 by means of an eyebolt 33, to which nuts 34 are threaded on opposite sides of the projection 31. With this construction it is obvious that said locked and the fast-driving train normally in engagement with the shaft D.

and adapted to be disengaged from the shaft D at desired predetermined intervals by suitable means. As shown, said means consist of what may be called a triangular cam v35 on a stubshaft 36, revolubly mounted in a suitable bearing in the machine-frame. The cam 35 is located closely adjacent to the end of the rod 32, its position being such that when the side of said cam is parallel to the end of said rod said rod will be free to move inwardly under the influence of the spring,29 to lock the clutch E in the manner heretofore described. The dimensions of the cam 35 are such, however, that as said cam is rotated the corners thereof will come into contact with the ends of said rods 32 and will operate to move it outwardly against the force of the spring 29 to disengage theclutch E, thus disengaging the fast-driving train of gears from the shaft D. As shown, lntermittent rotary movement is imparted to said cam in the following manner: Secured to the shaft 36, which carries the cam 35, is a starwheel 37, the teeth of which are in the path of travel of projections 38 on the drum 5, secured to the shaft C, the relation of parts shown being such that each of said projections will rotate said star-wheel 37 through sixty degrees, or one-sixth 2,7) of a revolution. Starting with the cam in the initial position shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, it is obvious that rotation of the star-wheel 37 under the infiuence of a projection 38 will rotate said cam sixty degrees and will bring a corner of said cam into engagement with the end of the rod 32, thereby disengaging the clutch E. To maintain the cam 35 in position with a corner thereof in contact with the rod 32, a notch 39 is formed in the end of said rod adapted to be engaged by the corners of said cam when in proper position. Subsequent actuations of said cam 35 by the projections 38 will operate in the manner described to effect alternate engagement and disengagements of the clutch E.

To provide for regulating the intermittent or step-by-step rotation of the star-wheel 37, and thus of the cam 35, the projections 38 on the drum 5 are formed separate from said drum and are adjustable circumferentially thereof. As shown, the inner ends of said projections 38 are fitted to a circular shoulder 40, formed on said drum, and said projections are secured to said drum by means of bolts 41, which extend through a T-slot 42, formed therein. With this construction it is obvious that the intervals and duration of engagement and disengagement of said clutch relatively to the rotation of the shaft C may be varied by properly adjusting the projections 38 on the drum 5.

The gear 12 of the slow-driving train of gears is connected to the shaft D by means of pawls 43, pivoted upon studs 44, secured in said gear, and which are adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet-wheel v45, keyed or otherwise rigidly secured to the shaft D. As shown, the pawls 43 are adapted to be moved pivotally upon the studs 44 to effect engagement and disengagement thereof with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 45 by means of teeth or projections 46 on a friction-ring 47, revolubly mounted on a hub or extension of said ratchet-wheel 45, which engage corresponding teeth or notches formed in the hubs of said pawls. As shown, also, frictional resistance to the rotation of the ring 47 is provided by means of a spring 48, inserted bctween the end of said ring and the adjacent face of the ratchet-wheel hub, which operates to force said ring outwardly into frictional engagement with a fiber washer 49, in- Serted between the outer end of said ring and a nut 50, threaded to the end of the shaft D. With this construction it is obvious that when the shaft D is rotating under the influ- IOO IlO

ence of 'the fast-driving train it will tend to rotate the friction ring or collar 47`faster `than the gear 12 of the slow-driving train, and will thus throw the pawls 43 outwardly, so that they will not run over the teeth of the ratchet-Wheel 45,1and will thus prevent all noise Vdue to this cause. When, however,the

fast-driving train is disengaged from the lIo shaft D, leaving said shaft free to rotate 4under the influence of the slow-driving train, ythe shaft D will very soon lose its momentum and ywill rotate at a slower rate of speed than When said shaft VD rotates slower than the gear 12 the projections o n the friction-ring 47 will operate to throw the pawls 43 'inwardly into engagement with theteeth of the ratchet-wheel 45, thus causing said shaft rD to rotate with said gear12,

Stop-pins 51 limit the outward movement of the pawls 43. Provision is also made for locking or securing the pawls 43 out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel 45 when for any reason this may be desired, as when for Vanyreason it may be desired to turn the shaft `D backward. As shown, said means consist ofpins 52, secured in said pawls, which are adapted to lbe forced outwardly to effect permanent disengagement of said pawls from the teeth oflthe'ratchet-wheel 45by means of -an inclined surface or wedge on a sleeve53,

whichisiitted to andis longitudinally movable toward and from saidpawlson the eXtevriorsurface ofthe friction-ring 47 as a bear-` ing. The sleeve 53 is designed to be manuseat formd on said gear.

-ally operated as occasion may arise.

kIt is found in practice that when the shaft D is releasedfrom the fast-drivingtrain of -gears under the influence of which ity has been jrotating its momentum causes it to make one or more revolutions at a higher rate of vspeed than the slow-driving train. To prevent this and to cause the speed-of said shaft D to fall atonce to that ofthe slow-driving train of ears, a brake is pro- `'tion shown said brake consists ofa ring 54,

whichis ittedto and is longitudinally movable on theshaft D toward and from the gear 12 and is provided with a tapered `surface adapted to engage a correspondingly-tapered Engagement and disengagement of said tapered ring 54 with itsseat in the gear 12 is effected automatically by movement of the sleeve 23, which controls the clutch E inthe following manyner: The shaft D is hollow and extending through the vsame is a rod 55, to'which the `brake-ring 54 is secured by means of apin` 56, vwhich'passes throughan elongated slot or opening 57 in said shaft D. Loosely'fitted to a reducedportion of theshaft'D at the opposite side of ythe machine isa ring 58,

rod 55. Pivoted `upon said ring 58 are bellcrank levers 60, the long arms of which eX- tend into close roXimity to the sleeve 23 and are adapted to he forced outwardly by means of an inclined surface or wedge 61 on said sleeve as said sleeve is moved to disengage the clutch E. The opposite ends of the bellcrank levers 60v bear against a hardened thrust-ring 62, which abuts against ashoul der on the shaft D in such manner that as the .bell-crank levers 60 are forced apart by the wedge 61 on the sleeve 23 they will exert a strong pressure against said thrust-ring 62, which will operate to force the ring 58 on the rod 55 outwardly, and thus to exert a strong pull on said rod,`tending to draw the brakering 54 into engagement with its seat on the gear 12, checking the shaft D in the desired manner. The nut 59 aHords convenient means for adjustin the strength of the engagement of the bra e-ring 54. A spring 63, inserted between a collar 64, which bears against an interior shoulder on the shaft D and a ring 65, pinned to the end of the rod 55, operates to disengage the brake-ring 54 from its seat in the gear 12 as soon as the bell-cranklevers 60 are releasedby the wedge 61, thus leaving vsaid shaft free to rotate under the influence of the fast-driving train and preventing any jar which might'otherwise be caused if said fast-driving train were thrown sired. As shown, said means are as follows: .Pivoted between its ends upon the machinerame is a'lever 66, one end of which is adapted to bear against a projection 67 on the rod 32 and to move said rod so as to disenin the proper direction is imparted to said lever 66. Pivoted to the opposite end of said lever-66 is a rod 68, in which are formed` vnotches 69 and 7 O, adapted to engage a catch 71 on the machine-frame, the relation of parts being such that when the notch 69 is in engagement with the catch 71 the rod 32 will be free to move to eect engagement and disengagement of the clutch E and of the brake 54, and when the, notch 70 is in engagement. with said catch 7l that said rod 32 will be moved outwardly to disengage said clutch E. To provide for disengagement of the brakering 54, which would otherwise belocked by the movement of the sleeve 23, caused by the outward movement of the rod 32, a peripheral groove 72vis formed in said sleeve, into which the ends of the bell-crank levers 60 will drop when the notch 70 in the rod 68 is in engagement with the catch 71, the relation of 6 5 which bears against a nut 59 ,i threaded to the parts being such that when the ends of the bell- .IOO

`gagejthe clutch E, when pivotal movement crank levers 6() are in engagement with said grooves 72 the rod 55 will be free to move under the influence of the spring 63 to disengage the brake-ring 54 from the gear 12 in the desired manner. The throw of the cam 35 is such, however, that the rod 32 will be moved thereby only a sufficient distance to bring the ends of the bell-crank levers 6() into engagement with the surface of the sleeve between the wedge 61 thereon and the groove 72, the diameter of said sleeve at this point being such as to separate the ends of the bell-crank levers 6U a suflicient distance to effect engagement of the brake-ring 54 with its seat in the gear 12 in the manner heretofore dei scribed.

, members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, means to effect engagement and disengagement of said driving connections and means for braking the driven member when the fast-driving connection is disengaged.

3. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, means to effect engagement and disengagement of said driving connections and means controlled by the disengagement of said fastedriving connections for braking the driven member.

4. The combination with revoluble mem bers, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, means for eiiiecting engagement and disengagement of the slowdriving connection, a clutch for effecting engagement and disengagement of the fastdriving connection, means for operating said clutch, a brake adapted to be applied to the driven member and connections between said brake and clutch-operating mechanism whereby disengaging said clutch will apply said brake. Y

5. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said members comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, the slow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast driving connection comprising a clutch, a sleeve which operates said clutch, a

brake adapted to be applied to the driven member and connection between said brake and clutch-operating sleeve whereby move* ment of said sleeve to disengage said clutch will apply said brake.

6. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, the driven member being hollow, the slow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, a sleeve for operating said clutch, a rod which extends through said hollow driven member, a brake-ring secured to said rod which engages a suitable seat on said driven member, means to apply said brake comprising a collar on said brake-rod, thrust-levers pivoted thereon which engage thrust-bearings on said driven member and a wedge on said clutch-operating sleeve for operating said thrust-levers.

7. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, means to eil'ect engagement and disengagement of said driving connections, means to brake the driven member when the fast-driving connection is thrown out of engagement and means to release said brake when the fast-driving connection is thrown into engagement.

8. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, the slow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, a sleeve for operating said clutch, a brake adapted to be applied. to the driven member, connection between said clutchoperating sleeve and brake whereby movement of said sleeve to disengage said clutch will apply said brake and a spring applied lto said brake for releasing the same.

9. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, the driven member being hollow, the slow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, a sleeve for operating said clutch, a rod which extends through said hollow driven member, a brake-ring on said rod which engages a suit able seat on said driven member, means to apply said brake comprising a collar on said brake-rod, thrust-levers pivoted thereon. which engage thrust-bearings on said driven member and a 'wedge on said clutch-operating sleeve for operating said thrust-levers and a spring applied to said brake for releasing the same.

10. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said IOO ITE

members, comprising relatively fast and slowl driving connections, means to effect engagement and disengagement of saidy driving connections and manually-operated means for securing said driving connections in disengaged positions; f

j 1 1. vThe combination with revoluble mem!v bers, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, the slow-driving connection comprisinga ratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, means to disengage said pawl from. Asaid ratchet-wheel comprising a projection sleeve to operate said clutch, a hand-rod applied to said sleeve for imparting movement` thereto, to disengage said clutch and means for securing said hand-rod in position to. dis` engage said clutch.

13. The combination with revoluble mem-' bers, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, the driven member being hollow, the fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, means to effect engagement and disengagement of the slow-driving connection, a sleeve for operating the clutch ofl the fast-driving connection, means for imparting movement to said sleeve to operate said clutch, means to secure said sleeve in position to disengage said clutch, a rod which extends through said drivenmembena brake ring on said rod which engages a suitable seat on said driven member, means to apply said brake comprising a collar'on said brake-rod, thrust-levers pivoted thereon which engage thrust-bearings on saidA driven member and a wedge on said clutch-operating sleeve for operating said thrust-levers, vsaid sleeve being provided with a groove at a distance from said wedge to receive the ends of said thrust levers when said clutch is disengaged. j 14. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, thel driven member being hollow, the slow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-Wheel and pawl, and the` fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, means to disengage said pawl from said ratchet-wheel comprising a projection on said pawly and a wedge for engagement therewith,

a sleeve for operating said clutch, means for imparting movement to said sleeve to operate said clutch, means to secure said sleeve in position yto disengagesaid clutch, a rod which extends through said driven member, a brakering secured to said rod which engages a suitable seat 0n said driven member, means to apply said brake comprising a .collar on said brake-rod, thrust-levers pivoted thereon which engage thrust-'bearingsv on said driven member and a wedge on said clutch-operating sleeve for operating said thrust-levers,"

said sleeve being provided with a groove at a distance from said wedge to receive the ends said clutch comprising a cam applied thereto,

a star-wheel secured to rotate rwith said cam, a driven member and a projection or projections thereon which engage the teeth of said star-wheel.

16. The combination of revoluble members, driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections, the fast-driving connec- -tion comprising a clutch, means for effecting engagement and disengagement of the slowdriving connection and means for operating said clutch, said means comprising a spring IOO applied to sai'd clutch for maintaining the',

same normally locked, a cam for eecting intermittent disengagement of said clutch and means to impart step-by-step rotation to said cam, said means comprising a star-wheel secured to rotate with said cam, a drivenv shaft and a projection or projections thereon ywhich engage the teeth of said star-wheel.

17. The combination with revoluble mem# bers, of driving connectionbetween said mem- IIO bers, Vsaid driving connection comprising a clutch, means to operate said clutch, comprising a cam applied thereto and means to impart step-by-step rotation to said cam, said-means comprising a star-wheel secured to rotatewith said cam, a driven shaft and a projection or projections on said driven shaft -which engage the teeth of said star-wheel.'

18j The combination with revoluble members, of driving connection between said members, said driving connection comprising a clutch, a spring applied to said clutch for maintaining the same normally locked, Va cam applied'to said clutch for effecting intermittent disengagement thereof, and means to impart step-by-step rotation to said cam,

said meanscomprising a star-wheel secured to rotate with said cam, a driven shaft and a projection or projections on said driven shaft Which engage the teeth of said star-wheel.

. member between said clutch and the movable member, a plurality of operating devices connected with said movable member,

a driven shaft for operating intermittently said movable member, locking means intermediate of said movable member and said clutch controlled by said shaft for automatic- .ally locking said movable member at the end of successive rotary movements.

21. The combination of fast and slow driving mechanism with clutch mechanism, comprising a clutch, a movable member, and an intermediate member between said clutch and movable member, a brake connected to said clutch, a plurality of o erating devices connected with said mova le member, a driven shaft for operatingintermittently said movable member, and locking mechanism for automatically locking said intermediate member at the end of successive rotary movements of the movable member and after said brake has been operated by said clutch, for the purpose specified.

22. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsl between said members including in clutch, an intermittently-rotated member, provided with a plurality of operating-faces for operating said clutch, and intermediate faces for permitting movement of said. clutch independent of said rotating member, for the purpose specified.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as our invention we affix our signatures, in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 6th day of October, A. D. 1904.

WALTER B. PEARSON. CHARLES E. ROBERTS.

Witnesses:

E. M. KLATGHER, K. A. CosTELLo.

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