US826802A - Pneumatic hammer. - Google Patents

Description

MI 1 l 1. l, m 11| s` 0 W Y m R 5 N51 n H w@ w .a m m. 1| IH 1 l l Lw@ l WMM w m v l h.% fuk l J M & E W RAIKES PNEU'MATIG HAMMER. APPLICATION FILED mals, 1904.

PATENTED JULY 24, 190.6. J. M. 6L E. W. RAIKES.

PANBUMATIG HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED 1320.19. 1904.

y 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

yUNITED STATES PNUMATIC HAMMER.

Specificationl of Letters Patent.

PATENT oEEroE 4OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

Patented .my 24, 1906.

v Application tied December 19,1904. senti No. 237,418.

To @ZZL whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES M. Ramas and EDWARD W. Ramas, citizens of the UnitedStates, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pneumatic *Hammers of which the following is a full, clear,` and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyin drawings. i he object'of this invention is to provide a pneumatic hammer in a form which shall be very simple in construction, effective in service, and not liable to' get 'out of order. To thisend we have'devised a hammer having very few parts, and those so arrangedthat the may be cheaply constructed.

he invention may be bestsummarized as consisting of the. combination of the parts hereinafter explained, and definitely setout 1. in the claims.

-" longitudinal sections t AIn the drawings, Fi ures 1, 2, vand 3 are ough the hammer, the sections being taken on different planes a throu h the various passage-ways, as indi- 'is a valve-casing a', in which a valve C is placed which is roperated by the air itself to change the direction of the stroke of the piston with the barrel and valve-casing a is a tubular casing as, providing an admission-chamber a, into which the air is continuously ader c?. air is shut off from the ,automatic valve C.

mitted and which has a hand-operated valve to admit the air to the valve-chamber a.

Screwing into one end of the admissioncasing a is atubular plug D, `which is ada ted to receive the air-pipe Z. Sliding wit 'n the bore 'o'f this casing a is a tubular valve E, which has an opening c, 'adapted to aline or 'be out of alinement Withthe port c5 of the assage-wa c", leading to thel valve-chamen the-valve E covers the port a5,

en, however, the ort e alines with the port a, airis admitted l o the automatic valve. The valve Eis controlled. by a hand-lever F, bearing on'the stem e of the valve and piv- A repreas hereinafter explained. Integral also' ment of the valve.

oted to the handle c,

ally with the barrel of thetool. between the valve E to hold-the valve E in closed position. When, however, the finger-lever F is drawn toward the handle as,.the valve E isforced inward to'- ward the spring, the opening e registering with the port as, and thereupon air is admitted through the passage-way av to the valvechamber a2.

Leading from thev valve-chamber a2 into the bore a of the barrel is a passage-way a. The chamber ahas a cylindrical extension a, and from this ,extension a assage-way an leads along, in the wall of the barrel to a point A spring whichI is made inteand the plug D, tends4 beyond the outer end ofthe piston. The

valve C c nsists of three solid pistons c', c2, and c3, mounted on a common` stem c. The istons c c2 occupy the larger portion of the ore a2 of the valve-chamber, andthe piston `c3 occupies the extension c, Leading from the extension-chamber e c3 lis an exhaust-port a, and leading from the chamber a2 betweenthe valve-heads c c2 is an exhaust-port c. The end of the chamber a2 is closed, as by means of a lug H, and the space between this plug andp the valvehead c is connected by a assage-way a1s with the main bore a interme` iate of the entrance of the passage-wa s a and al.

valve-hea s will be best un the iston is near't e outer end of its stroke, as s own in Figs. 1 and 2, and that the valve E is forced inward to constantl the passa e-way a, the valve position s .own in Fig. 1, the air sage-way af into lthe chamber a passes through the passage-way a to force the piston inward, and at the same time, acting onthe larger area of the head c, itV starts the valve toward thev left. Before the valve has moved far, however, the piston has coveredv beyond the piston l The pur ose o the passage-ways and the' A erstood from a i I description of the operation. Assuming that` admit air tof` being inlthej.

fromthepasff the entrance to the passage-way al, and this blocks the .plug H and the head c and retards the ymovelthe piston uncoversthe pass ye-way cthe air at the left of the ag exit from the space between the When the outer endof.

the air-pressure on the right side of the head I cl forces the` valveto the left, time the piston has reached the inner endof its stroke and is bounding back by means. of the air-cushion therein the p assage-way a is coupled with the passage-way a".

so that-by the Live air is end ci? ward, forcing the air beyond it out through thel passage-way cl2 and the exhaust a. en the inner end of the piston uncloses tliepassage-wa a1G 011 its Outward Stroke the compresse through the passage-way L15 onto the left side o the head c and, acting on greater area .than the head c2, forces the valve to the right.

,This closes the exhaust a at substantially ,thesame time that the piston strikes its blow the barrel.

onthe die J, and thus,'as the piston is rebounding into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the live air is again admitted through the passage-way a beyond the piston, causing thecontinuance of the inward movement thereof, and before the valve has time to shut off the passage-way al the piston has covered Athe pass e-way a, blocking the movement of the va Ve. .lt will thus be seen that the iston B reciprocates rapidly backward and lorward, and the valve C is automatically shifted by the vair itself to control the piston.

A small groove al in the bore a leads from the port a to the inner end of the bore to start the rpiston from its innermost position, should it be there at the beginning of the operation.

It will be seen that our hammer ma hammer is made of a single forged piece. The .bore a and the chamber e2 and the chamber 1a* are all easily bored out and the various ports conveniently machined to Imake them the right size. The simple screw-plug H yclosesthe chamber a2, a screw-plug K closes air in the barrel enters .very cheaply constructed. The body oi the' the assage-way a", and the screw-plugs D` and form the ends of the adniission-chamber a". The construction is extremely simgple 'and is thoroughly accessible. The removal of the various screw-plugs allows the remo-val of the parts and the cleaning of the passage-ways.

It not .infrequently.happens that the'admission-Valve of a pneumatic hammer is accidentally o ened before the die is against its Work,and t e air thus forces the hammer against the die and shoots them both out of ln doing structural work on buildings this is dangerous, for these parts sometimes pass to the sidewalk below. lt also entails much loss of time. To obviah` this, we provide mechanism for holding the die to the tool without interferingr with its o eration. Such mechanism consists of a s eeve P, screw-threaded onto the outer snrface of the barrel near its free end. At its outer end this sleeve has an inwardly-extended flange p. The die J has thc usual cylindrical portion j occupying the barrel and has an Icuter portion j', which occupies a circular hole in the flange p. The dio also has intermediately. a projecting collar fl sliding freely -erating the admission-valve, and .a fpassag sesgada the inturned ends of a wire or other member I to temporarily held the die in place when the hammer is used in work not r uiring the permanent-holding meansaboxe ascribed. y u'. u 80 pneumatic tool, a barrel, .a valvecasing on t e outer side-thereof' arallel-therewith and bored out tubularlyom the head end of the tool, a screw-plluglfor closing said casing accessible from t e ead end of .the

tool, an automatic piston-valve in -said cas-l ing, three passage-ways from said casing .to

the main bore ofthe barrel, combined .with a second casin formed transversely at .the head of the arrel, an admission-valverin such second casin a looped handle vor the tool formed beyon the second casing, means conveniently accessible at said handle -for opway formed along the wall of the barrelbetween said two casings, substantially as dei scribed.

2. In apneumatictool, a-cylinder,.a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, a valve-chamber, a .piston-valve occupying said chamber and having three heads, twofoflthe heads being of different area and the third .head hav- .ing an area greater than such difference, and

ar e-headed end Aof the valve,` combined wit 1 an admission-valve chamber carried by the cylinder at its head end crosswise'o the cylinder, an admission-valve in such chamber, manual means for operating-the admission-Valve, and a tissage-way admission-valve c iamber and the valvechambor .first nicntioned. i

3. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a barrel open at one end and'closed at the other, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, an admissioli-valvc chamber formed at the head of the cylinder crosswise thereof, a handle beyond the admi ssion-valve chamber, a chamber for an automat-ic valve alongside of the barrel, a pair of pas 1re-ways leading from the automatic-valvesadliamber to the cylinder, a piston-valve occupying said autoetween the Vmatie-valve chamber and having three heads, `sa 'e.way from the cylinder to the automaticone of which is smaller than the other two, va ve chamber beyond the large end of the said pistonQvalve being adapted to stand ,valve when so positioned.

with one of said assage-Ways between such In'te-stimony whereof We hereunto aiix x5' 5 small head and t e next-head, and the other our signatures in 'the presence of two Wit= passage-Way between the other t'Wo heads, nesses.

an admission passage-Way leadin from the IJAMES MQRAIKES. admission-valve' Chamber and 'sehargin vEDWARD W. RAIKES. between lthe heads when the valveiisin sai Witnesses: -I

roosition', an exhaust passage-Way controlled v L.I THURSTON,

by the small head, and an additional pas- ALBERT H. BATES.

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