US824534A - Furnace-grate. - Google Patents

Description

No. 824,534. PATBNTED JUNE 26, 1906. E EINFELDT FURNACE GRATE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1904.

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Witness PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906. E. EINPELDT. FURNACE GRATE.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY3 1904 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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No. 824,534. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906.

E. EINFELDT.

FURNACE CRATE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Q M S UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EHIL EINFELDT, OF DAVENPORT, IOWA, ASSIGNOR TO BETTEND ORF METAL WHEEL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF IOWA. h

FURNACE-GRA'l'E.

provement in. Furnace-Grates, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to furnace-grates of the ty e wherein the grate-bars are carried by en less traveling chains, which grates are used for burning fuel in a finely-divided condition; and the invention consists in various improvements designed with a view of. ,obtaining the most eflicient consumption of the fuel and gases, the uniform and proper feeding of the fuel, and the effective operation of the mechanism generally.

In the accompanying drawin s,Figure 1 is.

a longitudinal section throu a furnace equipped with grates embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional elevation on the line a aof Fig. 1. Fig.

3 is a horizontal sectional plan view on the line b b of Fig. 1. Fi 4 is a transverse section on the line 0 c of ig. 1 Fig. 5 is an end elevation, on an enlarged scale, of a section of the carrying-chains and a number of the grate-bars, showin how the latter are detachably connected with the links of the chain. Fig. 6 is a top plan viewof a portion of one of the carrying-chains with the gratebars removed. Fi 7 is a bottom plan view of one end of one o the grate-bars. Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the same.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the furnzice-chamben-inclosed at the side by side walls 2 and at the rear by rear walls 3, in which chamber are arranged travelin grates, in the present instance three in num er 4, 5, and 6, extending side by side throu h the front of the chamber between vertica piers or columns 7 and 8, which latter give support to the arches of the masonry on which the boiler is mounted.

The traveling grates comprise each a. series of transversely-arranged grate-bars 9, supported at their opposite ends on chains 10, which chains at the front pass over sprocket:

wheels 11 and 12, mounted on horizontal- 14, 15, and 16, aroun whichdrums the chains have a slip or free movement, while theyare Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 3. 1904:. Serial No- 206.151.

Patented June 26, 1906.

positively driven by the front sprocketwheels, the result of this arrangement being that the weight of the fuel on the downwardlytraveling part of the chain of bars will act by gravity topull them in the direction of travel,

and thus materially aid their feeding movement.

Therotation of the sprocket-wheels to effect the feeding movement of the grates is accomplished in the present instance by eccentrics 17, driven in a suitable manner, to which are connected rods 18, jointed. at their lower ends by removable pins 8 to levers 19 3 which levers are mounted at their inner ends loosely on'the respective shafts 13 and each of which is provided with a driving-pawl 20,

engaging ratchet-Wheels 21 on the shafts, the

arrangement being such that the vibratory .motion given to the levers by the eccentrics will advance the shafts intermittently and feed the grates forward step by step.-

'By the removal of the pins 18, which con nect the rods 18 with the levers 19, the latter maybe operated manually in case it is necessary to effect quick movements of the grates inde endently of the actuating mechanism,

the evers being provided with a handle 22.

for this purpose. It will be noted that by the arrangement described the several grates are driven independently of each other from a' common source of ower, and either may be operated by hand. y the means described without disturbing the operationof the others bythe common driving means.

As a result of the construction described,

the fuel stored in' hoppers 23 at the front of the furnaceand discharged from said hoppers onto the front of'the traveling grates is carried by them slowly and uniformly from the front to the rear of the furnace-chamber, being subjected to the action of combustion in its assage therethrough.

he grate-bars areeach formed on its upper side with an active supporting-surface '31 for the fuel and on its under side with a convex rib or web 32, which latter conforms to .the surface of the guiding-drums, which are 4 concave between their ends, so that in passing firmly but detachablyconnected together by a through-bolt 38"," passin through holes in the link and grate-bar and heldby a nut 39,

applied to the bolt at the under 'side of thelink. By reason of this manner of connecting the bars with the linksof the. chains their individual removal may be expeditiously effected with little trouble-while the chains are in motion when it is desired-to re place a burned or injured barwith a newone, the bar being under these circumstances re.- moved while passing up at the 'fi'ont'of the furnace, at which point the under. sides of the bars are uppermost and exposed and thefastoning nuts readily accessible. The extreme ends of the ate-bars beyond the point of connection wit the chains are formed on the under sides with bearing-surfaces 40,

which slide on and :are supported by the upper edges of guide-platcs 41 and 42, extending longitudinally within the furnace-chamher, the spaces between the adjacent guidingplates being spanned or bridged over by fixed grates or plates 47 and 48, respectively. There are two sets of these guiding-plates, one of which is situated between grates 4 and 5 and gives guiding support, respectively, to the adjacent ends of said grates;-.while-the other set issituated between grates 5 and 6 and gives support'to the adjacentends, respectively, of said grates. Theplates of the hrst set are supported at their front ends by the column 7, and at their rear ends they are fastened to'and sustained by the rear-end of a horizontal bar A, extending rearwardly longitudinally within the furnace-chamber from the base of the column 7. The plates ofthe second set are sustained at their forward ends by column 8 and have their rear ends secured toand supported by the rear I iinity to the walls, in whichzcase, the fuel in end of'a horizontal longitudinalbar B, extending longitudinally into the furnacechamber at the base of the same fromthe base of column 8. The stationary grate ,47, which spans the space between movable I propose to' interpose between the outer ends of the two outer traveling grates 4 and 6 and the side walls of the furnace stationary grates 50 and 51,respectively,- in order to prevent the extreme heat of the Walls from inj u-.

rionsly affecting the ends of the grate-bars, which action would result if theends of the bars travel in contact with orin close proxa high degree of combustionwould heat'the bricks of the wall to anintense-degree and burn out the ends of the grate-hers traveltionary plate.

. wheels at the front, the

ing closely thereto. By the provision. of the two stationary grates 50 and 51 this over or intense heating-of the wall is'prevented, so

that the grate-bars are effectively protected from injury;

The stationary grate 50 before'-alluded 1 to, is firmly secured to the side wall of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 2, and it gives support to the guiding-plate at this point, which guiding-plate is bolted to the side of the sta- In like manner the other sta tionary grate 51 at the opposite side of the" furnace-chamber is firmlysecured to the side wall of the furnace and gives support to the guiding-plate at this point, which latter is bolted to the grate, as in the first instance described. p

- It will beobserved as a result of the construction described and illustrated with respect to the relation of the movable and stationary grates that the three movable grates are of the usual Width and conjointly, they present a practically continuous extended surface for the fuel, and the stationary grates are very' narrow in proportion to the width of the movable grates, their function being to bridge over the narrow spaces between the movable grates, As a result the fixed grates in their relations, as described, to the relatively wide traveling grates serve as a means of bridging over the space between the edges of the, traveling grates immediately in rear of the vertical piers 7 and 8, between which the :traveling grates extend at the front.

width of the sationary grates being very The much less than the movable grates they will offer practically no obstruction to the advance of the body of fuel as a whole, supported conjointly by all of the grates, so that the movable grates are enabled to carry a fuel bed of a width corresponding to the effect? ive-width of the furnace-chamber and as a practicallv continuous mass.

The re at ve positions of the sprocketquiding-drums at the. rear, and the guiding-pl chains slide are such that the fuel-supportin bed formed conjoin tly by the grate-bars Wi l'= have a general incl nation downward from the front, and during the greater part of their feeding movement the vertical space 52 betweenthc front edge of one bar and the rear edge of the next bar in advance will be contracted. I have found in the practical operation of the mechanism that if these conditions are preserved throughout the length of the fuel-bed the formation of clinkors will recombustion of the same will be interfered with; In order to overcome these objections, I propose to provide for the further separa- I10 ates over which the sult and the fuel will become packed and the tiori of the bars at a single predeterminedv I point in their travel, so as to increase the vertical space between-them at this point, and thus break up the fuel in the processor coking and allow more draft to pass through,

thereby greatly romoting combustion and preventing the ormation of clinkers. Beyond this point the grate-bars resume their relative positions and throughout the remainder 01 their travel to the guiding-drums."- I find that the best results are obtained if the bars are opened ,at a point in the furnacechamber about one-third the length of the chamber from its front, although of course good results may be obtained if this point of 0 ening is varied within reasonable limits. The openin of the bars at this pointmay be convenient y effected by, having the guiding edges of the plates approach more nearly'the horizontal, the result being that as the gratebars pass onto these relatively slo ing ortions or the plates the grate-bars wi l eac be tipped upward at its rear edge, and inthis way the space between the rear edge of each bar and the rear edge of the next bar behind will be widened.

On reference to Fig. 1 it will be observed that-the upper edge of the ide-plates extends in a straight line at a ownward inclination to the point 56, at which point its inclination changes and'extends in a nearly horizontal line to the point 55', whence it again extends at a downward inclination in a straight line for the remainder of its length. As a result of this construction the grate-bars pursue a straight pathwith the spaces between them contracted until they arrive at the point 55,, whereupon in passing onto the portion of the plates between the point 55 and 56 the spaces between the bars are-suddenly widened, after which they pursue a straight path downward to the guiding-drums with the spaces between them again contracted. By this means the combustion of the fuel is promoted and greatly aided at a point in the travel of the bed where such increased combustion is most effective At the same time clinker-s which may have formed arebroken. After passing this point of greatest combustion the consumption of the fuel continues active, so that by the time it arrives at the guiding-drums it. is converted into ashes,

which are discharged, as will be more fully" described hereinafter.

, In order that air may be prevented from passing from beneath the grates around the rear ends of the same, and thus retard the proper draft through the fuel-bed, I form the rear Wall of the furnaceso that it will conform closely to the path of the bars as they pass around the guidin -drums, thus forming, in effect, a contracted space 60, havinga curved rear surface 61 and terminatin in a horizontal ledge 62 just beneath the rums at a point where the bars .begin their return movements after passing around the drums. Asthe bars laden with the ashes resulting from the combustion of the fuel pass around the drum they are suddenly tipped and the 65 ashes are dumped and accumulate in the contracted space 60, forming a pile on the ledge 62 and banked up against the curved surface 61, thus constituting, in effect, a seal which closes communication through this space between the under and upper sides of the rates. As the mass of ashes increases in height and 1 extends in the path of the bars the latter push them forward and act to direct them into the pit 65, from which they may be conveyed in any, suitable manner. It will be observed, therefore, that by reason of the accumulatlon of ashes in the contractedspace at the rear of the grates and, further, by reason of the provision of the imperforate guide-drums all communication between the under and upper sides of the grates at the rear is eifectu: ally closed, so that all the air and draft must pass upward through the bed of fuel and hctween the bars, and thus promote effective combustion with no retarding effects.

To prevent the undue sagging of the lower part of the chains and grate-bars, in order to avoid the provisionflof a pit or recess to receive the sagging part, and to contract as far as possible the space occupied by the grates. I fix beneath the tr veling grates inclined supporting-rails 70, hich extend upward from a point just in advance of the gliding drums to a point about midway of the length of the chamber, along which rails the bars in their return movements travel and by which theyare given direct support and maintained in an elevated position.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1-. In combination with a furnace-chainber, traveling grate-bars therein, and means for guiding said grate-bars, first at a downward inclination in a straight line for a porlo 5 tion of their rearward travelfthen at a relative slope upward with reference to their first movement toward the horizontal, and finally at a downward inclinationin a straight line for the remainder of theintravel, substanno tially as described.

2. In combination with a furnace-chamber, traveling grate-bars therein, and means for guiding said bars first at a downward inclination 1n a straight line for about onethird the distance of the length of the grate, then for a short distance at a relative slope approaching the horizontal, and upward with reference to their first movement and finally at a downward inclination in a straight line for the remainder of their rearward travel.

3. In combination with a furnace, an endless chain grate therein comprising conncct. ed grate bars each formed on its inner side with a convex longitudinal web or rib, means 1 2 5 for supporting the front of the grate, and a ide-drum at the rear over which the gratears pass, said drum having its surface conside with ayspace "Bald space being gre cave to receive the ribs of the bars whereby the latter 111 the1r pa sage around the drum nd effectively guided.

mbination a pill-- arranged side by een adjacent grates, V qly less in width than the Width of the individual grates, andsaid are given firm supp or .4. In a furnace, rallty of traveling g grates-forming ccnjointly an extended practically continuous moving fuel-supporting bed, and a narrow stationary grate bridging the spacebetween the movable grates.

5. In a furnace, the combination with a plurality of movable grates arranged side by side, of guiding-plates extending longitudinally between said movable grates and giving guiding. support to the same, and a stationary grate secured to said guiding-plates and bridging, .the space between the jinovable rates, said stationary grates being greatly less in width than the width of the individual as -JI) grates.

6. The combination with a plurality of traveling grates arranged with a space between them, and adapted to support the bed of fuel and advance the same as a continuous mass, of a fixed rate situated in the space between the movahle grates and of a-relative Width which, while bridging the space between the movable grates will-not afford sufficient resistance to the-movement oi the fuel-bed to interfere with the advance of the same as a continuous mass; whereby the movable grates are enabled to conjointly support and advance a-iuehbed of great width.

7. In a traveling grate, the combination with'a supporting-chain comprising a series of jointed links formed with'sockets in'their upper sides and with openings extending downwardly-through thelinks and formin continuations of the sockets, of a series 0 grate-bars having on their inner sides depending lu s to enter the sockets in the links, said'grateare and lugs being formed with openings-extending entirely throu h them in line with the downwardly-exten ing openings in thelinks, and through-bolts extending through said openings in the grate-bars,

whereby the movable grates are enabled to advance, as a continuous mass, a fuel-bed of.

great width.

n testimonywhereof I hereunto set my hand this 25thday of April, 1904, in the pres ence of two attesting witnesses. EMIL EINFELDT.

Witnesses:

J. L. HECHT, A. NEILSON:

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