US824385A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTBD IUNB 26, 1906.

J. F. SENTER.

FURNAE` APPLICATION FILED SEPT.18.1905.

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N0.a24,35.V PATBNTEDJUNB26,1906. L P. SENTBR. FURNAGE,

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18,1905.

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PATBNTED JUNE ze, 1906.

J. F. SENTER.

FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18,1905.

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GRM/nut wi themes az/MM y TER, a citizen of the United lStates,

JOHN F. sENTER, OF BIRMINGHAM,

TO THE WALSH AND WEIDNER TENNESSEE, A CORPORATIONOF TENNESSEE..

FURNAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented .rune 2e', 1906..

Application filed September 18, 1905. Serial No. 279,007..

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, JOHN FLETCHER SEN- residing 'at Birmingham, in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the Ifollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of furnaces wherein I propose to increase their efliciency and economy of operation by providing means to Introduce air or gas into the fire-box in 'a hi bly-preheated condition by passing it through a heating-passage formed in a vdivi-` sion-wall in the furnace-casing.

My invention is particularly applicable in connection with the improvements in boiler construction briefly shown and described herein and constituting the subject-matter of a separate application,'Serial No. 279,006, filed of even date herewith. As utilized for this urpose the boiler-tubes are preferably diyided. by a vertical partition in the main casing, which is hollow and is supplied with air or gas at its upper end and at its lower end communicates with conduits by means of which the air or gas may be discharged into the fire-box. I prefer to use a steam or air jet to positively force the Huid preheated by the partition into the fire-box, and I preferably discharge it into the fire-box through a plurality of openings in the brid e-wall thereof, these openings being arrange in the manner most suitable for the partlcular character of the combustible with which the furnace is fired.

When using my invention in connection with the burning of solid fuelthe furnace is normally maintained closed and the fuel introduced by a mechanical Stoker to avoid the disadvantages of a surplus supply of air upon the opening of furnace-doors. 'The necessary amount of air for insuring a complete and substantially ysmokeless combustion of the fuel is then introduced through the. hollow division-wall in the boiler-casing and at any desired points below the grate or above the brid e-wall, where it comminglcs with thel gases from the fuel and produces a comple e consumption of combustible elements therein. To produce the best results with solid fuel, it is desirable that the same should be fed into the furnace regularly and evenly Igrate being effected by vposed within the oven or and in a manner 'to .cause a complete volatilization ol its combustible matter. I obtain this important result 'b feeding the fuel through a'cnute to a plat orrn of considerable width which terminates Within the fire-box substantially flush' with `the, rate, which slopesdownw ardly and is referaly provided at itslower end with a umping-grate por, tion. Thewidth of for the urpose of v4effecting a su stantial coking of)tl1`efuel before it passes onto the grate, the movement of the fuel toward the one or any desired number of mechanically-o erated This even distribution'an feed o the fuel in combination with -the controllable supply of reheated oxygen delivered in a controllab e uantity at the points whereit willproduce t e best results. 'enable me vto obtain with my furnace a complete and smokeless-consumption of the fuel.

Myfur of furnace or other kinds of gas, it being only necessary to connect the gas-su ply conduit with the su ply-ports for the ho lou7 divisionwall and uti lzing an air-jet for the purpose of forcing the To further perfect this adaptation of my invention, I provide means to purify the furnacegas by washing it in water 'treated'with a purifying agent, such as trisodium hosphate. My invention is also applicable fbr use as a furnace for ovens or kilns, the airor gas b'eing preheated in a highA artition-Wall disthat the flames from the furnace are cause to passl upwardly over .this partition before enter- 1n the, oven. As applied to this'use a pluthe platform 1s rovided nace is convertible for the burning'` preheated gas Iinto the fire-box.

nand so arran ed ALABAMA, AssieNOnv oF- ONE-HALF BOiLER COMPANY, OF cHAr'rANOoeA,

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ra ity of furnaces may be used for each oven or kiln, which is then provided with a central outlet-flue in its bottom.

In addition to the above particular uses` `my invention possesses advantages in the details of construction and arrangement of parts which are, hereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in' Which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional viewy of my rnace as applied to my improved steam- IOO boiler, which 1s shown partly in side elevation. Fig. 2 is a similar view of as converted for the burnin is a view along ther line :l:

my furnace of gas. Fig. 3 ig. 2. Fig. 4 is y boiler-casing into two compartments, ineach of Which is seated a lower drum 6, connected by Water-tubes 7 with headers 8, which are in turn connected to and support a steam- I chamber 5.

drum 9. The fia-mes pass over the divisionwall 4 and down to the stack-opening 10. One or more ports or passages 11 lead through the ends of the division-wall and casing, as in Fig. 3, and introduce air or gas, as the case may be, to the upper end of the These pipes preferably enter the division-Wall on both sides, so as .to d istribute the air or gas more evenly thereln. At its lower end this chamber 5 opens into a compartment 12, having doors 13' at its ends to enable it to be cleaned out. A pipe, 14 is disposed. withiny the compartment 12 and provided with one or a series of jet-nozzles 15, which are adapted to discharge a fluid, such as air or steam, under pressure in to onel ory more. pipes or passages 16, which lead through the division-wall and beneath the front drum 6 and enter a chamber. 17 in the hollow bridge-Wall 2. The compartment 12 may be dispensed with, in which case the pipe 14 will be disposed in the lower end of the chamber 5.v Preferably a number of pipes 16 are used and a jet-nozzle 15 disposed so as to discharge into each of these pipes, thus acting with an ejector effect to draw the air or gas throu h the chamber' and force it into the cham er 17. From this point air or gas.

flows through passages, such as 18 and 19,

which discharge, respectively, above the 4bridge-wall and below the grate 20 of the iire- 0X. In the case/of gas, as hereinafter described,-I prefer to cover the passage leading below the grate, so that the gas flows through the top Iof the bridge-wall.

I ropose as a preferred means of introducing el in the fire-box 1 to feed it through a chute'21, connected to the front end of the nre-box and disposed above a platform 22,

. which forms a bottom for the feed-doors 23,

through which the fuel enters the fire-box. The platform 22 projects well into the firebox and is provided withfa flanged shoulder 24, which su ports the front endof the grate 20, preferab y on-a level with the platform. A cross-bar 25 supports the rear end of this grate adjacent to the' Vdumping-grate 26, which is sWivelly mounted on an axis 27 and lating the supply of aafiea adapted to dropl cinde'rs and ashes into the pit 23, from which they may be withdrawn through the door 29.-

To control'the feed of fuel, I provide any desired number of plungers 30, which rest upon the outer edge of the platform and pass through suitable openings at the bottom of the chute. Links 31 swivelly connect these plungers to operating-rods 32, journaled upon standards 33, connected to the chutes. These rods are provided with elongated slots 34 at their upper ends, through which a cornmon actuating-rod 35 passes, so that the plungers at the front' of the fire-box can be moved simultaneously. This effects an even and regular su is of considera le advantage. yThe platform 22 is of such a width that the fuel as it drops thereupon from the chute is coked before the plungers shove it across and onto the grate. The continued, operation of the plungers forces the fuel as it burns down the inclined grate 30 until it reaches the dum -grate 26, when it will have been complete y burned. The dump-grate is operated, preferably, at the saine tlme with the plungers, so that equal quantities of fuel are introduced upon and discharged from the grate at the same time. This maintains a re ular distribution of-the fuel in a comparativey y thin body over the grate, thus iving the preheated air a ready access to a l'the fuel `and enabling the combustible matter of the latter to be readily and completely volatilized. The. best results are obtained from the furnace by reguair thereto proportionately to the sup ly `of fuel, this regulation being effected eit er by valving the ports 11 or varying the injector-pressure of the steam- 'ets l In`adapting the furnace hereinbefore described for burning gas the latter isv introduced through the ports 11 and is forced by a jet of compressed ail` into the hollow bridge- Wall 2. The chamber 17 in the bridge-Wall is preferably provided with a director-plate 36, opposite the pipe 16, which causes the air and gas to thorou ply of fuel to' the grate, which' hly commingle before ICO IIO

passing up through t e ports 37 in the top of the bridge-wall. This plate 36 may be used to close the port or ports 19, leading under IIS the grate, as it is desirable to burn the gas at the top of the bridge-Wall.

Inadapting my invention for burning blastfurnace as it is .desirable to separate from the gas a l particles of carbon, lime, mineral partlcles, and' other hardenable crust-forniing materials with which the-gas is usually heavily charged and which, if permitted -to enter the furnace, will incrust the boiler with a thick scale and glreatly reduce its steaming efficiency, as we as cost of maintenance and cleanlng. To avoid this, I pro-I pose to wash the as lby introducing it through pipes 38, un er hecontrol of valves 39, intoa long tank 40. The tank is provided with a iioat 41, which ,controls the ilushvalve 42. Water is sup lied to the tank 40 through a pipe 44, un er the control of a' globe-valve or other'suitable means, to su ply it as it is needed. The valve 43 controlls the return of water through a pipe 45, froma tank 46, which is connected with the tank 40 through a pipe 47. A water-purifier, such as trisodium phosphate, is introduced into the circulationfthrough a receptacle 48, connectlfl ed to the return-45. This purifier is preferable, as it is readily soluble 1n the water, will not vaporize and pass off in the steam, and isl non-.corrosive 1n its action. It will 1mmed1-l ately act upon the boiler-injuring carbonates and sulfates of lime, magnesia, and other incrusting materials, changingthem into unhardenable phosphates and neutralizing the carbonio and sulfuric acids whichthewater takes up from the gas. By maintaining. the water in this condition, the gas is thoroughly washed and all injurious impurities are deposited in the tank 40 and flushed outthrough outlet 42, so that the gas may be burned without necessitatin the constant cleaning out of the boiler an the blowing o of the tubes. When gas is used, the top of the fuelchute is closed or the fire-box opening 23 is closed to prevent the entrance of cold air.

` The gas-pipes 38 preferably terminate in spread nozzles 49. I'The valves 39 may be operated by handles 50, through the rigging 51, the handles being disposed conveniently to the front of the fire-box. n

In adapting my invention for firing ovens or kilns I prov'de a main oven 52 with a high partition-wall 53, which is hollowed out to form the chamber 54, as in Fig: 1. Pipes 55 admit air or gas to the upper end of this chamber, from which it flows through porty 56, into the fire-box 2, which is provided with the fuel feeding and burning appliances` here- `inbefore described. In this casethe divisionwall takes the place of the bridge-wall, being arranged so that it becomes highl heated by the flames as they pass upwardly part of the oven. is provided for the llames near the center of the bottom of the oven or kiln. As'shown, two-or more of these furnaces may be used to fire the same kiln, which may thus be heated by solid fuel or gas, asl maybe most convenient.

g I- have in detail described several applications of my invention and have illustrated. it in its preferred forms. It will be understood,

. however, 'that it may be modified without departing from the principles which control its operation, and I desire to protect all such modifications.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with a vertical boilerbetween the wall and casing before entering the top A suitable outlet-flue 561 casing divided into compartments by a hollow artition-wall, a transverse chamber at the ottom of said partition, a steam-pipe therein, a plurality of pipesleading therefrom, a plurality of jet-nozzles for discharging steam into said pipes, ports vto admit air or gas near the top of said hollow partition, a e-boX, a hollow ported brid e-wall therefor to which said pipes lead, an means to protect said pipes from the direct action of the ames. f

2.v The combination with a f.:rnacecasing and a yseparate fire-box communicating therewith, of a vertical hollowpartition-wall having an enlarged chamber at the bottom thereof, ports for `the admission of air or as at the top of said wall, a hollow brid e-waIl parallel to said partition-wall, a set of? pipes to carry the preheated air or gas from said lenlar ed chamber to said bridge-wall, and a mu tiported steam-pipe in said chamber to force the circulation through said pipes.

3. The combination with a vertical boilercasing, having a hollow partition-wall therein, of a Dutch oven opening into said casing, a hollow bridge-wall over which the products of combustion flow from said oven, a drum seated behind said bridge-wall, air-pipes connecting said hollow partition and bridgewalls and disposed below said drum, and ports to admit air. or gas to said hollow partition-wall and discharge it through said bridgewall into said Dutch oven. 2 A

4. The combination with a'furnace-casincr divided into two compartments by a vertical partition over which the products of combustion flow, 4a Dutch oven opening near the bottom of one compartment, a hollow bridge- Wall at the inner end of said loven, a drum mounted between said wall and partition,

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pipes to connect the hollow chambers in said 'wall and partition which are protected by said drum, ports to admit air or gas to the chamber ,in said partition, a multiported steam-pipe to force said air'or gas into said pipes, and ports to discharge said air or gas into said oven, substantially as described.

15. In a furnace for burning solid or gaseous fuel, the combination with a vertical boilercasing, a fire-box opening into said casing and provided with a grate and fuel-charging doors, a hollow wall between said fire-box and casing, ahollow deflector-wall in said casing, a normally open port or ports leading from the interior of said deflector-wall without said boiler-casing, a gas-supply pipe or pipes, means to connect said pipes and ports, a chamber at the bottom of said de'lectorwall, a steam-jet pipe therein, a plurality of pipes disposed out of contact with the llames, which lead from said chamber to said hollow wall between the. fire-box and casing, and ports in said latter wall which discharge the gases into said fire-box. A

6. The combination with a boiler-furnace IIO4 IIS

having a vertical hollow partition-wall therein, of gas-pipes entering the upper end of said wall, a stearn-pipe entering the lower part of said wall, a fire-box Without the boiler-casing provided with grate-bars `and uel-charginv doors, a bridge-wall for said rire-box disposed parallel to said partition-wall and provided with a chambeig'pipes leading from the partition-wall to said chamber in the bridge-Wall,

1o steam-jets to force the gas admitted to said p artition-wall into said chamber in the bridgewall, an angular plate in said chamber affainslJ which the gases are discharged ,and a prlurality of ports leadin frhm saidy chamber, substantially as desori ed.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand inpresenoe of tWo subscribing witnesses. JOHN F. SENTER.

Witnesses W. H, MOORE,` NOMIE WELSH.

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