US820971A - Apparatus for drawing articles from molten baths. - Google Patents

Description

v PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

e. H. HAR EY. APPARATUS FOR DRAWING ARTICLES FROM MOLTBN BATHS.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 5. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

i iam) PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

' e. H. HARVEY.

APPARATUS FOR DRAWING ARTICLES FROM MOLTEN BATH 2 SHEBTSSHEBT 2.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5, 1904.

Iqvejlnr. GeovgeHfioxvey,

- Pennsylvania,

n. nasvar. or eriasrisrin. iesinisvnvaiua.

r (ME-HALF re saowrisvnita oLass GEOlt lE iv'lESNE ASS lGhl llclENTS,

COh ZPANY, OF Prr'rsso'ao. PENNSYLVANlA h PENN SYLVAh'lA.

assro'iaon, er

CGRPQRATION were Application iilud July 5, 1904:. Serial ll'o. 215.28%.

To (ZZZ whom may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. Hanvsv, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Glenheld, in the county of Allegheny and State of have invented or d iscovered new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing; Articles from Molten Baths, of which the following is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is partly a vertical section and partly a side elevation showing a preferable arrangement of mechanism for drawing metals in solid form. F is a plan view in detail, showing the sheave and bearings illustrated in. Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is partly a vertical section and partly a side elevation showin preferable arrangement of mechanism ror drawing metals in hollow form, and Fig. 4 is a detail front elevation oi the mechanism. shown in Fig. 3.

My invention. relates to apparatus for the drawing ol metallic substances while in a molten or seiniinoltcn cm'idition and is de signed to provide an improved ag. paratus for mechanically controlling the outflow of inolten or semiinolten :material through. an orifree in a rccr-aptacle while under pressure and, further whereby the weight of the metal being di: wn controls the sewer-actuated means For drawing it and whereby the speed of the draw and the flow oi the metal from. the orilice a t which point the draw is made is rcmlcred practically simultaneous.

In. the accompanying drawings, which are, however. simply illustrative of preferable means l'or obtaining the ends'dcsired, 1 represents an ordinary melting tank or furnace; 2, a passage therefrom and connecting with receptacle 2%. l is a gate located in said passage and adapted to regulate the [low oi molten niei'al lrozn said tank or furnace to said receptacle. rave shown the n ceptacle 3 as an exteimion. ol tank or furnace l but it may be entirely independent thereof and the metal might he ladled into said receptacle 3 without departing ll'lllll the spirit oi myinvention. 'lhc receptacle 2% is preferably separated into two compartments 4 and 5, which are connected by a passage (5. Leading from the con'ipartmcnt 5 is an orifice 7, which com n'iunicatcs with the exterior of said conrpart 1n ent.

8 8 represent lues adapted to he either die 15.

heated or cooled. as the nature of the metal flowing through the orihce 7 requires. II,

for instance, the metal shovm be molten glass,

it would be preferable to increase, or, at least, maintain, the heat of the surrounding Wall greater than or equal to the heat of the molten-metal, especially the heat of the wall surrounding the oruice 7, for reasons which Wlll be explained hereinafter.

9 represents an exterior COOllIlg agent which if supplied with a cooling medium will absorb the latent heat from the metal. being drawn.

10 represents punty'or gatherer and can be of any desired conformation, the object of which is to draw the metal upward, as shown, and the same is formed so that the metal is drawn by it by means of cohesion.

ll. represents a cable having a hoon 1& engaging an eyelet 13 of the pnnty 10.

3.4 represents a sheave over which the ca hle passes. The spindle 15 of the sheave 14 is journaled in the boxes 16, which are adapted. to have a vertical movement between the upright guides 17 17 of t re housings 18 18.

' 19 represents coiled springs adapted to support the boxes 16 at each. end of said spin- 20 represents an overhead plattorrn which supports the housings i8 18 and the hearing blocks 20 20.

Ml is a lover having its fulcrum. at the V- shaped projections 22 and lacing composed oi arms '23 23, extending;" in iron t or the spin die 15 and engaging it hy means of the upper curved faces 24 24, one of which faces is strewn in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2.- The rear end of said lever is composed of alsinglc 9o srin 25, which is united with arms 231; 2 at Near the rear extren'iity of said la er a rod 27 is loosely secured thereto, the other. end of said rod 27 being loosely secured to the stern 28 of an ordinary service-cock 29, which cock is hercinal'ter termed a graduatingvalvc, from the nature oi the wort: it performs 30 represents a cylinder in which a piston 3] adapted to move between the steps 32 'roo 2'32. he stem 33 of said piston has secured to its upper extremity the free end of the cable ll. 84- represents the main supply-pipe tor denverrng fluid under pressure to said compartment 4 and also filling pipe 44.

cylinder by means of branch pipes and 36. At the junction of the main pipe 34 and branches 35 and 36 is the three-way valve 37.

38 and 39 are relief-valver 5 40 is a pipe leading from the interior of the cylinder to the interior of the compartment 4 of the receptacle 3, and 41 isa valve in said pipe, and 44 is a branch pipe leading from said pipe 40 and discharges into passage 2.

In the operation of my invention, initially assuming the punty 10 to be heated and in the position shown in Fig. 1, I prefer ably permit the metal 42 to fill the compartments 4 and 5 to the level of the top of the I 5 orifice 7. Valve 38 is closed, while valve 37 is su'fliciently open to permit the fluid under pressure to flow from pipe 34 through pipe'36 to fill the cylinder 30 and down through pipe 40, filling the space 43' above the. metal in The pressure of the fluid in the space 43 upon the molten metal in compartment 4' would tend to compress said metal, and thus cause it to rise out-of orifice 7 and form a knob 45 z 5 aroundthe punty 10. When three-way valve 37 is closed to cut off the current from pipe 36, the fluid-pressure would now be contained within the parts described above the molten metal and below the piston 31. The

30 operator would then open the three-way valve 37, so that the-flow of the fluid would be from-pipe 34 through pipe 35. Valve 38 would be opened and the fluid would pass therethrough into the cylinder 30 above the 5 piston 31. The continued pressure on the upper face of said iston would tend to force the fluid container beneath it in the cylinder into the space 43, enlarging said space verticallyby forcing the metal 42 out of the ori- 4o fice 7, thus continuing to form a knob 45,

whilethe free end of the cable 11, which is secured to the upper end of the piston-stem, 1, would. be drawn downwardly, thus causing .the punty, attached to the other end of the 45 cable, to travel upwardly with the adhering As the piston con-. t'inues to travel downwardly the weight of' metal attached thereto.

the continuous body of the adhering metal mcreasmgm length becomes heavier, there by causing the cable 11 to bear more heavily on the sheave 14, which sheave through its ipindle 15 and bearing-boxes 16 thus presses ownwardly on the springs -19, thus also causing the arms 23 23 to bear down in uni '5 5 sort from the fulcrum 22' andthe arm 25 to mo' 've upwardly beyond the horizontalplane bf the fulcrum 22, thus raising the rod 27, coni nected to the stem 28, thereby increasing the orifice in the graduatingvalve 29. This causes a greater flow of fluid above the pis- 6 5 ceedingthe same.v After the metal has been drawn a predetermined height it is detached at its base from the metal remaining in the receptacle and removed with the purity from which it depends, the sheave and actuating the piston 31 to rise in; the cylinder 30 and the punty 10 to descend until its lower cxmolten metal 45, rising above the orifice 7.

So far I have described in general terms the operationnecessary to draw solid bodies from a bath of molten. metal. In the drawing of hollow bodies it is preferable to provide some means within the draw to chill the inner wall of the body, and for that reason I have shown in Figs. 3 and 4 modifications supplying the preferabie mechanisms necessary to'accoinplish the results required. Referring to said Figs: 3 and 4, 5 is a hollow column adapted to permit the molten metal 42 to surround the exterior wall thereof. are ports leading into the interior of said column, while 5" represents means for su plying a gaseous fluidywhich fluid is ignited at the exit of 5" and passes up through the ports 5 under the inclosed top of said. column 5 and then down and out of the same by means of flue 5 The gatherer or punty 1O has a central opening 10 through which extends a depending tube 10, carrying a second tube 10 which is of a sufficiently less diameter than tube 10 to permit a passage to be maintained between the inner face of tube 10 and theouter face of tube 10. Acable 10 is attached. to the upper end of said tube and )asses over sheave 10, from whence itcan e operated by any suitablehoisting means. The'inner tube10 has a flexible pipe 10 con nected at its upper end, and a supply ofair, preferably under pressure, 'is passed down through said pipe 10 to supplya cooling'mediu'm to the interior of the hollow draw. The gatherer 10" supported by two cables 10*, which pass over sheaves 14 14, the two ends of said cables being attached to a horizontal bar 33. 34 is a link connecting the bar 33" to theeyclet 33 of thepiston-rod 33. In

Itremity becomes immersed in the knob of v this case the lever21 instead of being forked,

as in Fig. 2, is a continuous straight red, the

connections therewith being otherwise the same. The orifice 7?, as shown, representsa circular opening in verticalsection. However, the orifice i or articles drawn in hollowgi form may be of any desired. designto suit the ca ets sa to draw hollow articles, assuming the moten metal 42 to be on a level with the dotted line 42 in compartment 4 of receptaole 6 or with about the top of orifice 7 and the passage 2 completely filled with molten metal, the gatherer 10' being lowered in proximity to orifice 7 and piston 31 raised to'its highest position, the operator would open three-way valve 37 to permit a fiuid under pressure to pass from pipe 34 through pipe 36 into the cylinder 30, below the piston 31, and thence through pipe 40 to fill the space 43 above the molten metal in compartment eg'likewise the pipe 44; leading to the top of passageZ. After a suflicient compression of the molten metal in compartment 4 has been obtained to cause the metal to be forced upwardly and out through the orifice 7 to form a knob 45 above the top of said orifice the atherer 10 projects sufficiently into said inch to cause the molten metal to ad here thereto. The depending tube 10, carr ing the inner tube 10 is now. lowered t ough the opening 10 in the gatherer 10?, preferably until the inner tube 10 is in close roximity to the top of the column ,5. A

uid under pressure passes down through the I flexible pipe 10' from a source of supply (not shown) and discharges within the draw. The three-way valve 37 is now operated to close the passage through the pi e 36 and open the passage from pipe 34 tirough pipe 35,

whereby the fluid passes up through the pipe and maintains a discharge above the piston 31. in the cylinder, which causes the piston 31 to be forced downwardly in said cylinder, in turn forcing the molten metal downwardly inlcom artment 4 and upwardly in com artmerlt 5 t rough orifice 7. Meanwhile t e cable 10* 10*, supported on sheaves 1442 14 and connected to gatherer 10 at one extremity and piston-rod33 at the other extremity, are drawn downwardlyat that end by the iston, which causes the other end of said ca les to rise, drawing up with them gatherer 10, which in turn as it ascends draws up the inclosed form of metal adhering fthereto-i As'the speed of the drawing means regulates the displacement of the metal from compartment 4 to and through the orifice 7,

- it is apparent that as the metal is drawn u wardly from said orifice a continuous supp y is automatically maintained to relieve the strain 01' stretch that would occur at that point were the drawing operation attempted without the accompanying use of means of forcing the molten metal upwardly through the orifice. As the ,gatherer 10, with the continuously increasing mass of metal pendent therefrom, continues to rise the graduallymcreasmg weight dependent from the adjacent ends'of the cables 10 10 causes said cables to depress the springs 19- and the spindle 15 to press down on the inner end of letter 21,

thus raising the outer end of said lever and with the rod 27, which in turn raises the stem 28, gradually opening graduatmgwalve 29, and thereby increasing the pressure on the upper side of the piston 31 and counter;

balancing the increasing weight of the load. of 5 metal pendent from the punty or gatl'ierer. After the draw is completed the metal pendent from the punty or gatherer is detached at its bottom from the metal protruding from the top of the orifice. then raised beyond the top of the outer cooler 9, if such be used, disconnected from. the ca The draw of metal is .1

bles 10 10 and removed for further treat ment The purity 10 (shown in Fig. L) and the gatherer 10 (shown in Fig. 3) are applicable to the drawing of metals that have an aflinity to or will adhere to by contact therewith. In. such metals as cannot be drawn as above stated the lower extremity of the drawingtool is modified to. suit the particularrequrrm ments. There are numerous devices well known in mechanics-such as clamps, &c.- that could be attached to the end of the draw ing-tool by which the metal protruding from the orifice could be grasped for drawing.

By reinforcin the heat in the surroundingwall of the ori cos 7 and"? I prevent the streaked and scratched. appearance that is imparted to glass by being drawn through a shaping-orifice not so heated, for the reason that in viscous metals, such as molten glass, a film forms over the surface of the metal ciently heated to prevent a film from being formed. he film is easily scratched by any foreign substances, that may lodge in the orifice, =and more particularly by the inner face of wallof the said orifice, whichare more or less roughened by the continued friction of the metal passing therethrough.

I claim as my invention- 1. In the manufacture of in. article from molten or semimolten material, means for forcing said material through an orifice, second means for withdrawing the material protruding from said orifice and third means for regulating the flow of material through said orifice by the increase of weight of the material beim drawn by said withdrawing means.

In the manufacture or an article iroiu molten or semimolten material, means for forcing said material through an orifice, means for withdrawing said material as it is caused to protrude from said orifice and means for increasing the power operating 3. In the manufadture of an article frommolten or semirnolten material, means for continuously forcing said material through Signed at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, this an orifice, means for withdrawing material 22d day of June, 1904. as it protrudes from said orifice and means n whereby the power operating said withdraw- 'EORGE HARVEY m g means is increased as the body of withrawn material inereases so that the rate of withdrawal is substantially constant.

Witnesses J. H. HARRISON, M. E. HARVEY.

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