US820772A - Apparatus for purifying gas. - Google Patents

Description

I PATENTED MAY 15, 1906. A. ELSENHANS.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING GAS APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 10, 1906.

Jmvan [01.

' ratns for 'extinguis eev UNITED STATES P AEENT OFFICE;

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING GAS;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 15, 1906.

Application filed January 10, 1906. Serial No. 295,448.

7 To all'whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT ELSENHANS, a

citizen ofthe German Empire, residing at- Riittenscheid, near Essen, in the Provinceof Rhenish Prussia and Kingdom'of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful'Improvements in and Relating to A aratus for Purifyi gGases, of which the folowing is a specification. I

The present invention relates to an a papur'fyin gases, and particu arly forse aratlngtheire om solidsubstances containe therein-much as dust, soot, and particles of coal, cinder, and ashesand also for producinglaln artificial draft in furnaces, for g sparks, for condensing vapors, for cooling air, for removing smoke, and so on, by bringing the gases by means of centrifu al.act1on into as intimate contact as possible with a washin fluid. Working processes and apparatus- .this nature are of ;'w1th or b drawing I with the fluid spread 1 course well known.

In these the gases are in most cases brought into reci rocal action out in t 'n layers by means of centrifugal action by either leading them along these layers of liquid and by keeping them under pressure in contact therethem or forcin them through t 0 layers of li uid. These older processes and apparatus, owever, all work according to the counter-current principle-- that is, the gases and the washing liquid move in opposite directions.

ewise well-known devices operate onthe ventilator principle, several suctionfans working one after or behind another 0' into one another and operating'either in the same direction or rotation or in alternately o posite senses. T In some cases they draw t e liquid and as in at the inner circumference and props .them at the outer circumference tothe nearest larger surrounding fan,

whereby the blades or ce l-Wings are straight (radial) or are at different angles to theradius. In thecase of these devices in order that they j can. work at all, the. water also must be '50 so that the spra ed, because otherwise the fan would not 00a is to draw it in. Consequently the water is sprayed into the form of mist or vapor, one medium is completely merged inthe other.

1In the case of still other contrivances inc o d -of a so-called multiple centrifugal a p by acasingrovided with a central ,eepening severe drums are mounted on ing tube and pour it between the rods, (wings,)

while the gases enter centrally through the above-mentioned opening in the one disk.

By means of the rotary motion the gases are intended, to be thrown violently outward and at thesame time to be mixed with the water poured between them by the buckets. Whereas the gas must follow the course between the two disks and right round them in order to reach the second drum, the water collects again at the bottom of the casing and flows to the next greater division, where the abovedescribed process is repeate In contrast with these older working processes and apparatus the gas and washing fluid together are, according to the resent invention, introduced into the centra space aratus with several centrifugal rings or t 5 like circulating in the same or in op osite directions, and the trifuged together in this device in such a way that they, moving through the device substantially in the same direction, flow along each centrifugal ring in a thin layer, then .are centrifuged from said ring against the next centrifugal ring, whereby the water traverses the gas-current andthen flows along this second rir%, and so on. I

y means of the joint rebound of both mediums and the peculiar course of the same such an intimate mixture and interpenetration of both mediums, and conse uently such an effective moistening of these 'd particles contained in the gas, is brought about that the same are separated out in the liquid with certainty.

In the accompan -ng drawings a device rendering possible t e working of the new process is diagrammatically represented by way of examp e.

gas and washing uid are cenforms of the centrifuge, and Fig. 6 shows in detail a special shape of the device from which the rebound occurs.

- In the case of the construction'shown in Fig. 1 the centrifuge is formed by the two disks a and b, which are arranged at a suitable distance one above the other and which are held together. by means of bolts 0. On the surfaces turned toward one another the disks a and b carry rings a a c and b 1) b respectively, in such a way that the rings of the one disk engage between those of the other disk. Said rings are concentrically arranged and each is in the form of a frustum of a cone. These rings are also so formed that they increase in width toward their free edges. y

The centrifugal device so formed is setup in a suitably-shaped casing (Z and is revolubly mountedfwith its shaft portions egflin the walls of the casing or other suitable earin s. The belt-pulley 9, shown by way of examp e, serves for enabling the centrifugal device, to

be. rotated. The washing fluid is introduced centrally into the centrifuge through the lowerhollow shaft portion 6, whereas the gas be purified is drawn in by the fan it out of the pipe i and is likewise centrally introduced. The pipes kj c serve for leading away the gas, while the washing fluid flows away through the pipes Z Z, which are connected with a channel m, provided in the bottom of the casing.

' The method of operation of this device according to the above-described process is as follows:

The gas as well as the washing fluid are both introduced into the central space surrounded. by the ring a and are here submitted to violent centrifugal action. They conse'uently' mount up along the rin -wall .a/ an d are then centrifuged away over t e upper edge of the same a ainst the ringb. After the gas and the flui have become intimately mixed at the place of rebound, whereby the impurities moistened hereby pass into the liquid, and after the water has simultane ously penetrated the gas-current the liquid and gas pass along the ring bf and are thrown off over the edge of b onto a", thence onto 6 then onto c andso on until they are whirled against the outerring, the above-described mixing and purifying phenomena being re, peated at each place of rebound. From the outermost ring the water and gas are centrifuged against the wall of the casing b, whereupon the purified gas is delivered to the pipes k, while the washing fluid, together with the deposited solid particles carried with it, 001-. lects in the channel min the bottom of the casing and flows away through the pipes Z for example, into a collecting of clarifying vessel, from which it may be supplied 'anew to the centrifuge.

As is evident from the above, the as and washing liquidaare always centrifuged in the same direction jointly against a resisting surface, and at this surface each time such an intimate mixing and whirling together of both mediums takes place that the purpose striven after is attained. This action can, moreover, be enhanced by specially shaping the cen-. trifugal ring serving as the rebound- \vall or reflecting-wall.

According to the form shown inFig. 5 the reflecting-wall is, for example, for this purpose provided with a groove, into which the gas and liquid together are thrown; The more frequentlythat the centrifuging or subjection to centrifugal action is 'repeated that is, the greater the number of ringsthe more perfectly of course will the gas be washed. If the object is only'to extinguish sparks, it might be sufficient for the gas and fluid to be mixed only once.

Instead of connecting both centrifugal parts a and'b with one another and driving them together they might each be driven separately, which would render it possible for both parts to be rotated with different velocities or even in different directionsYiIt is, however, of importance thatalwa'ys both parts be driven in order that the gas andliq uid may under all circumstances be centriguged from one onto the other rings a a or The parts at of the centrifuge insteadof consisting of two plain disksmay also be formed conical, as is shown in Fig, 2 of the drawings. No alterationof the'methodof operating results from this modification. j g If the free edge of therings' a a a or b b 5 over which the gas'and liquid are centrifuged are not formed strai ht, as is shown in Fig. 1 but are cutoff obliquely, Fig.3, or formed tooth-shaped or indented, Fig. 4,'or, finally, if the rings are provided with oblique slots n, Fig. 5, instead of a narrow place of rebound being formed alarger striking or distributing surface is formed corresponding tothe height h of theteeth or slots;'fas indi cated in the figures. Herebythe inanner in which the device works is still'further materially. perfected. Such a "centrifugal drum besides beingable to be usedwith advantage for gm purposes mentioned above can also be t pro tably used for many other purposes."

Having now explained the nature of my in vention, I declare that what I claim, and de sire to secure by I-ietters'Patent, is'. r

v 1. In gas-purifying mechanism, a-pairof opposed disk-like devices and mechanism for said parts, means for introducing gas to t space between them, and means for intr ducing a washing fluid to the same space, the

said disk-like parts being provided with series of concentric annular Walls arranged so that the Walls of each disk-like part enter the annular spaces between the Walls of the other, and these Walls in their rotation act centrifugally on the gas and liquid to thoroughly mix them and finally throw them outward against the said casing substantially as set forth.

2. In gas-purifying mechanism, a pair of opposed disk like devices provided with means for admitting gas and purifying fluid to the space between. them and concentric series of annular Walls, in combination with an inclosing casing and means for rotating the 15 obliquely substantially as and for the pur- 2o pose set forth.

In testimony whereof'l have aflixed my signature 1n presence of two Witnesses.

ALBERT ELSENHANS.

Witnesses:

Orro KoNIe, J. A. RrrTEnsHAUs.

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