US818790A - Gas-lamp. - Google Patents

Description

No. 818,790. PATENTED APR. 24, 1906.

FOREST A. RAY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

GAS-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 24, 1906.

Application led December 81,1904. Serial No. 239.091.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FOREST A. RAY, a resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas- Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to gas-lamps of the incandescent-mantle type having a cluster of lights and means for supplying a mixture of gas and air to burners for the purpose of producing light by raising the mantles to a temperature of incandescence by the heat of the flame at the burners.

The present invention comprises an improved structure in which the gas before it is mixed with the air and before being carried to the burners is heated to a high temperature, and thereby expanded in volume, thus increasing its ability to entrain air and causing an increase in the temperature of the flame, resulting in a greater intensity of incandescence in the mantles and a more brilliant light.

The details of the invention are hereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which` Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of a lamp embodying the principles of the invention. Figs. 2 and 3 represent cross-sections on lines 2 2 and 3 3, respectively, of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents a longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of the Bunsen tube for supplying the gas and air to the burners and gas outlet and regulator for furnishing the gas, the section being taken 011 a plane at right angles to that of Fig. 1.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

1 is a pipe which constitutes the main conduit for the gas-supply and is also the support for the other parts of the lamp. The upper portion of the pipe may be provided with a fitting for attaching it to a gas-'main or with any other suitable holder for supporting it and preferably extends downwardly therefrom, terminating at 2, at which point there is attached an outlet and a check or regulating valve therefor, through which a stream of gas may be projected. The outlet consists of a tubular member 3, having a socket 4 screwed upon the end 2 of the main conduit and having outlet-passages 5 at its lower end. In line with the axis of the tubular member 3 is a projection 6, of which the base o1' that portion which is attached to the member or nozzle 3 is cylindrical, while its outer portion 7 is conically tapered to a point. Aregulator or check consisting of a sleeve S is mounted so as to be longitudinally movable upon the tubular part 3 and has a projecting end over which extends a diaplnagm 9, having a central orifice 10 in line with the projection 6. The diameter of the hole is approximately the same as that of the cylindrical part of the projection 6, and the range of adjustment of the sleeve S on the tubular portion 3 is such that it can be moved upwardly until the cylindrical part of the projection extends through the hole or it can be'moved downwardly until the diaphragm is entirely below the point of the projection, thus varying the size of the outlet from the full diameter of the orifice 10 to the difference between the diameters of thc orifice and the projection, which is very slight, thereby affording a perfect regulation of the flow of gas from the outlet. Having the orifice 1() of substantially the same diameter as the cylindrical part of proj ection 6 affords a means by which the orifice can be kept free of dirt, &c., as by adjusting the sleeve upward until the diaphragm extends over the said cylindrical portion `the latter will force out any accumulations which might have gathered upon the sides of the orifice.

Upon the outside of the socket 4 is secured a depending tube 11, to the lower end of which is detachably fastened in any suitable manner, as by a screw-thread, as shown in the drawings, a burner-support 12, which has passages extending upwardly to outlets 13, in which are mounted the burners 14. Between its point of attachment to the burnersupport and the gas-outlet 3 the tube 11 is provided with openings 15, extending through its sides, permitting the flow of the outer air to its interior when a jet of gas is projected from the outlet 3 into the tube, whereby entrainment of air by the jet of gas is caused. The tube 11 thus constitutes a Bunsen tube which supplies the mixture of gas and air to the burners. In order to provide sufficient length to the tube to secure proper entrainment of the air, an extension to the tube is provided in the form of a sleeve 16, which is revolubly mounted in the tube for a purpose to be described and extends downwardly therefrom and through the lower portion of the burner-support 12, its outwardly-extend- IOO IIO

with a handle or -ing portion being provided by which it may hand-engaging member 17, be rotated.

Tube 16 is extended with an unbroken surface a distance sufficient for the jet of gas in diverging as it emerges from the orifice l0 to impinge against the sides of the tube, and below the point of impingement the tube has openings 18, permitting the mixture of air and gas to flow out into the annular space 19 between the tube and the lower portion of the burner-support 12, the eating with the passages leading to the outlets 13. The joint between the lower part of the burner-support and the outwardly-projecting portion of the tube 16is packed, so as to pre- .vent leakage of gas through the joint and at the same, time permit rotation of the tube, such packing means consisting of an annular sleeve or gland 20, threaded upon a tubular flange 21, surrounding the tube 16, packing 22, interposed between the end of said ilange, and a shoulder 23 on the sleeve 20. The point of connection ofthe Bunsen tube to the burner-support constitutes a as `and air inletto the latter and is located at the center thereof, while the outlets are arranged symmetrically about the inlet. rllhere are at least two outlets and may be as many more as desired, and in each of'these is mounted a burner which extends upwardly closely adjacent to the conduit 1 and'surrounding the same. Mantles 24 are supported above the burners by a support consisting offa collar 25, adjustably mounted upon the conduit and having radial arms 26 extending outwardly over the burners and supporting mantle-holders 27, which have outer 'hooked portions 28 and inner portions 29 extended through holes in the arms 26, the part between the portions 28 and 29 extending horizontally outward, lbeing supported on the upper surfaces and retained between projections 30, mountedgupon the arms. Interposed in the conduit 1 above the mantle-support 25 is 'a valve 31, by which the flow offgas to the burners may be interrupted, and connected tothe conduit above the valve is a pilot-burner tube 32, which extends downwardand terminates in a burner 33 adjacent the main burners 14. This burner always receives gas from the conduits whether or not the supply to the mainburner is cut offandconstantly maintains a pilot-light in position to ignite the flame at'the mam burners as soon as thel supply is turned on.

The'valve-31 iscontrolled by a bar 34 and operating members 35 and 36, connectedto the ends ofthe controller-bar anddepending therefrom, 'their lower ends having hand- engaging portions 37 and 38 hanging below the burner-support.

Atranslucent globe orchimney 39, extending from above the mantles to below `the burners and surrounding the same, is supsaid space communiglobe-support which coinported upon a 41, surrounding the lower porprises a collar tion of the burner-support and clamped thereto by a set-screw 42, the collar having radial arms 43, which engage with lugs or straps 44, mounted upon a collar 45, which surrounds and may be connected to the lower part of the globe 39, or it may loosely surround the lower end of the globe. The upper end of the globe or chimney is attached by set-screws 46 to a -tube 47, rigidly connected to the arms 48 of a yoke slidingly mounted upon the conduit 1, the arms 48 extending radially outward from a sleeve or collar 49, surrounding the conduit 1 and being bent downwardly and extending to the tube 47.

The lugs 44 are retained in connection with the arms 43 by gravity only, and the collar 49 isfree to slide upon thel conduit 1. Therefore when the globe is raised a slight amount and turned, so as to move the lugs 44 clear of the ends of the arms 43, the globe and yoke may be slid downwardly until'collar 49 bears against the coupling 50, inv which is mounted the valve 31. Preferably the arms 48 and tube 47 `are long enough so that when collar 49 is in contact with the coupling 50 the globe 39 is below the burner-support in position where its interior is readily accessible, so that it can be cleaned; The globe may also be raised above the mantle-support and the collarl 49 secured in any suitable manner to hold it in such position'in-order to provide access to the 'mantles and burners for renewingbroken mantles. On the ends of arms 43 are upstanding portions 51, which prevent rotationof the-globe to separate the lugs or straps from the arms untilthe latter have been raised above the said projections. Two of the arms forming part of the globesupport 40 have also guideways 52, through which extend the lower Aportions of thezcontroller-operating members-35'and 36, whereby the globe-support'constitutes a guide for the valve-operating members.

The tube 16 in addition to being-an extension of the Bunsen tube constitutes also a regulating means for the gas-check sleeve 8, and it is for -this purpose that it is mounted revolubly in the tube 11 and'extends Abelow the lower part ofthe burner-support. Aconnection between the4 sleeve 8 andtube 16 is aorded by means of bars 53, which are connected to the sleeve 8 and tube 16, so'that rotation offthe tube turns the sleeveon the .tubular member 3, causing it by means of its threaded engagement therewith to ride up and down upon the tubular member 3.

The apparatus works upon the same principle as that involved in the lamp villustrated and describedin an application, Serial No.

239,090, filedby me concurrently with the present onethat is, the principle of heating and thereby expanding the gas beforey it is IOO IIO

delivered from the conduit into the Bunsen tube-but this device differs from the one of the application referred to and is an improvement over the same in that the outlet for the gas from the conduit is arranged in close proximity to the burners, so that there is very little opportunity for the gas to be cooled after it leaves the conduit. As heating the gas increases its volume and 'diminishes its density, a larger size of aperture in the gasregulator is necessary to permit the same actual quantity of gas flowing through the outlet when hot than when at a normal temperature. Consequently when the same quantity of heated gas is being discharged the jet is larger than when the gas is cold or at the normal temperature, and therefore a greater volume of air in proportion to the actual quantity of gas is entrained and forced into the burner-support with the gas. I have found that the amount of air entrained varies approximately in proportion to the increase in volume of the gas due to heating, and consequently if the gas is sul'liciently heated to double the volume almost double the quantity of air will be drawn in by the gas in its heated condition than is done by the same quantity of gas when cold. As the flame at the burners becomes hotter in proportion to the increase in the proportion of air entrained and also is made hotter as the jet before being delivered to the burners is raised in temperature and pressure, it is evident that the preliminary heating of the gas-j et is a very important feature, and it is also important that as little opportunity as possible should be given for the to become cooled again before it reaches the air-entraining point and for the mixture of air and gas to cool before reaching the burners. For this reason l have located the outlet from the gassupplying conduit as near to the burners as is practicable and safe, it being so near that the heat supplied to it from the burners is of as great an intensity as can possibly be given without danger of igniting the jet before it is delivered into the Bunsen tube and the inlet for the entrained air closely adjacent. As is evident from the drawings, the gas-outlet and air-inlet are at the same level as the burner members 14, while the gas-outlet is approximately on the level of the outlets from the burners, where they are ignited, being located only a sufficient distance below them to insure against ignition of the jet. So far as l am aware I am the `first who has utilized this principle of increasing the volunie of air entrained by raising the temperature and volume of the gas-jet. The hand engaging member 17 inserted in and closing the bore of tube 16 acts as baffle which arrests the jet of gas and air and causes the same to become thoroughly mixed before passing out through the openings 1S to the passage or space 19.

I claim- 1. A gas-lamp having` a burner, a mixingtube having an air-inlet and connected to permit the flow of a mixture of gas and air therefrom to the burner located beside the burner, and a gas-conduit arranged to discharge into the tube at approximately the level of and located in close proximity to the flame of the burner.

2. A gas-lamp having a burner, a gas-conduit located beside the burner closely adjacent the same, a mixing-tube in line with and forming a continuation of the conduit having a connection at one end with the burner and at its other end provisions for admitting air, and a contracted outlet to said conduit in line with said tube adjacent the air-admitting portion thereof.

3. A gas-lamp comprising `a burner, a mixing-tube connected thereto, and means for forcing a jet of gas into said tube in the direction of its length and admitting air into the tube, at a point substantially on the level of the burner and close beside the same.

4. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support, a plurality of burners mounted thereon, a mixing-tube connected at its lower end to the burner support and located centrally among the burners in close proximity to each, having an air-inlet adjacent its other end, and a gas-conduit having an outlet adjacent the air-inlet of said tube and arranged to direct a jet of gas into the tube.

5. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support having a single central inlet thereto and a plurality of outlets there from symmetrically arranged about the inlet, a tube, having provisions for the admission of air, connected to the inlet, a gas-supplying conduit arranged in line with said tube adapted to project a jet of gas into the saine, the outlet for the jet from said conduit being substantially at the level of the burners, and burners connected to the outlets from said burner-support adj acent said conduit.

6. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support having a single central inlet thereto and a plurality of outlc ts therefrom symmetricz'tlly arranged about the inlet, a tube, having provisions for the admission of air, connected to the inlet, a gas-supplying conduit arranged in line with said tube adapted to project a jet of gas into the same, the outlet for the jet from said conduit beingsubstantially at the level of the burners, burners connected to the outlets from said burner-support adjacent said conduit, and mantles supported by said conduit above said burners.

7. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support having a single central inlet thereto and a pluralityof outlets therefrom symmetrically arranged about the inlet, a tube, having provisions for the admission of air, connected to the inlet, a gas-supplying conduit arranged to project a jet of gas into said tube at a point IOO IIS

ISO

approximately at the level of the burners, and an adjustable valve or regulator for regulating the amount of gas delivered from the conduit.

8. A gas -lamp comprisingv a burner support having a single central inlet thereto and a plurality of outlets therefrom symmetrically arranged about the inlet, a tube, having provisions for the admission of air, connected to the inlet, a gas-supplying conduit arranged to project a jet of gas into said tube, an adjustable valve or regulator for regulating the amount of gas delivered from the conduit, the air-admission, gas-j et and valve being approximately at the level of the burners, and

` external means connected to said valve for adjusting the same.

9. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support, burners mounted thereon, said support having an inlet centrally arranged with respect to said burners and passages leading therefrom to the burners, a tube connected to said inlet and extended therefrom having provisions for admission of air thereto, a gasconduit connected to said tube, an outletvalve therefor located in the tube, and means external to the tube and burner-support for adjusting said valve to regulate the iow of gas.

10. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support, burners mounted thereon, said support having an inlet centrally arranged with respect to said burners and passages leading therefrom to the burners, a tube connected to said inlet and extended therefrom having provisions for admission of air thereto, a gasconduit connected to said tube and having an outlet arranged to project a jet of gas into the tube, and a tube forming an extension of said before-mentioned tube extending into the interior of the burner-support.

11. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support, burners mounted thereon, said support having an inlet centrally arranged with respect to said burners and passages leading therefrom to the burners, a tube connected to said inlet and extended therefrom having provisions for admission of air thereto, a gasconduit connected to said tube and having an outlet arranged to project a jet of gas into the tube, an additional tube revolubly mounted in the above-named tube extending through the burner-support, a regulatingvalve arranged in the outlet from said gasconduit, and connections between said valve and the revoluble tube.

12. A gas-lamp comprising a burner-support, burners mounted thereon, said support having an inlet centrally arranged with respect to said burners and passages leading therefrom to the burners, a tube connected to said inlet and extended therefrom having provisions for admission of air thereto, a gasconduit connected to said tube and having an outlet arranged to project a jet of gas into the tube, an additional tube revolubly mounted in the above named tube extending through the burner-support, packingl means surroundingrthe portion of the revoluble tube projecting om the burner-support and connected to said support for preventing leakage between the tube and support, a handle connected to said projecting portion of the revoluble tube, a regulating-valve arranged in the outlet from said gas-conduit,and connections between said valve and the revoluble tube.

13. In a gas-lamp, a burner-support carrying upwardly-extending burners, and having an inlet, an upwardly-extending tube, having provisions for admittingair to its interior, mounted in the inlet, and a gas-conduit connected to said tubes closely adjacent the burners among the same and. arranged to project a jet of gas downwardly into said tube.

14. A gas-lamp comprising a gas-supplying conduit constituting a support, an outlet at the end thereof, a gas check or regulator for said outlet, a tube connected to said conduit and surrounding the outlet and gas-check, a burner-support connected to'said tube below the gas outlet, burners mounted on said burner-support beside the conduit, .said tube having provisions for the admission of the atmosphere to its interior, and the support having passages leading from the tube to the burners, and mantles supported by the conduit over the burners.

15. A gas-lamp comprising a'gas-supplying conduit constituting a support, an outlet at the end thereof, a gas check or regulator for said outlet, a tube connected to said-conduit and surrounding the outlet and gas-check, a burner-support connected to said tube below the gas outlet, burners mounted on said burner-support beside the conduit, said tube having provisions for the admission ofthe atmosphere to its interior and the support having passages leading from the tube to the burners, mantles supported by the conduit over the burners, a lower globe-support rigid ly mounted on the burner-support beneath the burners, an upper globe-supportslidingly mounted on the conduitv above-the mantles, and a transparent globe Vconnected to said upper support and resting upon said lower support inclosing the burners and mantles.

16. A gas-lamp comprising a gas-supplying conduit constituting a support, an ou'tlet at the end thereof, a gas check or regulator for said outlet, a tube connected tosaid conduit and surrounding the outlet and gas-check, a burner-support connected to said tube below the gas outlet, burners mounted on said burner-support beside the conduit, said tube having provisions for the admission of thel atmosphere to its interior and the support having passages leading from the tube to the burners, mantles supported by the conduit over the burners, a lower globe-sup ort having radial arms rigidly mounte on the IOO IZO

ISO

burner-support beneath the burners, an upper globe-support slidingly mounted on the conduit above the mantles, a globe inclosing the burners and mantles connected to said upper support, and a collar connected to the bottom ot' the globe provided with lugs adapted to engage and rest upon the arms of the lower support.

17. A gas-lamp comprising a gas-supplying conduit, a valve therein, a controller-bar connected to said valve, operating members for said bar connected thereto and depending therefrom, guides for the lower portions of said operating members, a Bunsen tube connected to the lower end of the conduit, a burner-support connected to said Bunsen tube, and burners mounted on said burnersupport.

1S. A gas-lamp comprising a gas-supplying conduit, a Bunsen tube connected to the lower end ot said conduit and a gas-outlet Vtrom the conduit into the Bunsen tube, a burnersupport connected to said Bunsen tube, burners mounted thereon located beside the conduit, mantles supported by the conduit above said burners, a valve in said conduit above the gas-outlet for interrupting the tlow otl gas to the burners, a pilot-burner connected to the conduit above the valve, and a controller for operating said valve.

lt). A gas-lamp comprising a gas-supplying conduit, a Bunsen tube connected to the lower end ot' said conduit and a gas-outlet l'rom the conduit into the Bunsen tube, a burner-support connected to said Bunsen tube, burners mounted thereon located beside the conduit, mantles supported by the conduit above said burners, a Valve in said conduit above the gas-outlet for interrupting' the tlow of gas to the burners, a pilot-burner connected to the conduit above the valve, a controller-bar connected to said valve, depending operating members connected to the ends ot' said bar, a globe or chimney surrounding the burners and mantles, and a su port for the lower portion of said globe, said) support having provisions for guiding the lower portions ol the depending controller-operating members.

20. A gas-lamp comprising a gas-supplying conduit, a burner located in close proximity to the conduit whereby the latter is heated and the gas therein expanded, a Bunsen tube connected to deliver a mixture of gas and air to the burner, and an outlet connected to said conduit closely adjacent and approximately at the level of the burner and arranged to project a jet ot gas into said tube.

21. In a lamp having a burner-support, burners and a globe inclosing said burners, a support for the globe comprising a member mounted on thc burner-sup )ort having laterally-extending arms provided with upward projections, and a member ol greater lateral extent than the arms ol said first-named member adapted to be engaged with the lower edge ot said globe and provided with inwardly-extending lugs arranged to be engaged with the ends of said arms, and to be disengaged therefrom by being raised and rotated a slight amount.

22. In a lamp having a burner-support, burners and a globe inclosing said burners, a support for the globe comprising a member mounted on the burner-support having laterally-extending arms provided with upward projections, and a ring greater in diameter than the lateral extent otl said firstnamed member adapted to be engaged with the lower edge of said globe and provided with inwardly-extending lugs arranged to be engaged with the projections on the ends ot' said arms and to be disengaged therefrom by being raised and rotated a slight amount.

23. In a lamp having a central main support, a burner-support connected beneath the main support, and burners mounted on said burner-support, a member slidingly engaged with the main support above the burners and adapted to serve as a holder and guide for the upper portion of a globe, a globe inclosing the burners detachably connected to the said member, and a support for the globe comprising a clamp connected to the burner-support below the burners, arms extending therefrom and a ring engaged with the lower' ortion of said globe having inwardly-exten ing portions detachably engaged with said arms.

In testimony whereof I have a'tiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FOREST A. RAY. lVitnesses:

A. C. RATIGAN, E. T. GRAHAM.

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