US8187366B2 - Natural gas desulfurization - Google Patents
Natural gas desulfurization Download PDFInfo
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- US8187366B2 US8187366B2 US12/263,844 US26384408A US8187366B2 US 8187366 B2 US8187366 B2 US 8187366B2 US 26384408 A US26384408 A US 26384408A US 8187366 B2 US8187366 B2 US 8187366B2
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- 0 *[SH](C)[Cu].*[SH](C)[Cu].[Ar][SH]([Ar])[Cu] Chemical compound *[SH](C)[Cu].*[SH](C)[Cu].[Ar][SH]([Ar])[Cu] 0.000 description 1
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- C07C321/02—Thiols having mercapto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C321/04—Thiols having mercapto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
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- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0233—Compounds of Cu, Ag, Au
- B01J20/0237—Compounds of Cu
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/186—Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20761—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/308—Carbonoxysulfide COS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4541—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for portable use, e.g. gas masks
Abstract
Description
R—S—H; R—S—R; or Ar—S—Ar,
where R represents an aliphatic ligand and Ar represents an aromatic ligand, wherein the ligand is capable of not interfering with the formation of p-complexation by steric hinderance.
where R represents an aliphatic ligand and Ar represents an aromatic ligand, wherein the ligand is capable of not interfering with the formation of p-complexation by steric hinderance, is formed where Cu is π-bonded to the sulfur containing compound of the complex as depicted in the molecular orbital image shown in
TABLE 1 |
Physical properties of mesoporous absorbents |
Metal | BET | BJH | ||
loading | surface area | BJH pore | pore volume | |
Adsorbent | (mmol/g) | (m2/g) | diameter (Å)a | (cm3/g)b |
MCM-41 | — | 1225 | 28.7 | 1.17 |
CuC1/MCM-41 | 5.7 | 456 | 26.0 | 0.33 |
SBA-15 | — | 901 | 58.7 | 1.14 |
CuC1/SBA-15 | 5.1 | 411 | 54.2 | 0.56 |
aBJH desorption average pore diameter (4 V/A). | ||||
bBJH desorption cumulative volume of pores between 17.0 Å and 3000.0 Å diameter. |
Adsorption of Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS) and Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
E ads =E adsorbate +E adsorbent −E adsorbent-adsorbate (1)
where Eadsorbate is energy of free adsorbate, Eadsorbent is energy of free adsorbent and Eadsorbent-adsorbate is energy of the adsorbate/adsorbent system. A higher value of Eads corresponds to a stronger adsorption.
Characterization of Sorbents
TABLE 2 |
Composition of different sorbents |
Adsorbent | Composition | Preparation |
Cu(I)Y | Cu54H3Al57Si135O384 | VPIE at 700° C. and |
autoreduction at 450° C. | ||
Cu(II)Y | (CuOH)54H3Al57Si135O384 | VPIE at 700° C. and |
pretreat at 350° C. | ||
AgY | Ag63Al57Si135O384 | LPIE and pretreat at 350° C. |
Cu/ | 5%(wt)Cu/Active Carbon | from Süd-Chemie |
H2S/DMS Adsorption Isotherms at 25° C.
TABLE 3 |
Langmuir-Freundlich parameters for adsorption of H2S and |
DMS at 25° C. |
Adsorbent | Adsorbate | qm (mmol/g) | B (ppm-(1/n)) | n |
AgY | H2S | 6.35 | 0.16 | 1.40 |
DMS | 39.21 | 0.015 | 2.59 | |
Cu(I)Y | H2S | 7.15 | 0.24 | 2.03 |
DMS | 4.70 | 0.14 | 1.44 | |
Cu(II)Y | H2S | 5.08 | 0.14 | 1.97 |
DMS | 6.50 | 0.04 | 1.83 | |
Cu/AC | H2S | 0.97 | 0.11 | 0.81 |
DMS | 1.59 | 0.084 | 1.93 | |
B∝e E/RT (3)
where E is the heat of adsorption (in positive value).
TABLE 4 | ||||
Adsorbent | Adsorbate | qm (mmol/g) | B (ppm-(1/n)) | n |
CuY | H2S | 2.36 | 0.43 | 1.33 |
DMS | 1.85 | 0.11 | 0.73 | |
Cu(II)Y | H2S | 1.44 | 0.19 | 1.05 |
DMS | 1.38 | 0.10 | 1.21 | |
AgY | H2S | 2.32 | 0.13 | 0.87 |
DMS | 1.78 | 0.06 | 0.83 | |
Cu/AC | H2S | 1.61 | 0.10 | 1.40 |
DMS | 0.42 | 0.06 | 0.96 | |
CH4 Adsorption Isotherms
The obtained results are summarized in Table 5 (below). As can be seen from the results, the adsorption energies follow the order Cu(I)Y>AgY>Cu(II)Y for both H2S and DMS.
TABLE 5 |
Energies of adsorption in kcal/mol for sulfur adsorbates |
(obtained from experimental isotherm data) |
Adsorbate | ΔE on Cu(I)Y | ΔE on AgY | ΔE on Cu(II)Y | |
H2S | −14.0 | −11.4 | −9.5 | |
DMS | −11.3 | −7.9 | −6.6 | |
Moreover, the heats of adsorption for H2S are higher than that of DMS for all adsorbents. This is in fair agreement with the results from the molecular orbital calculations, shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 |
Energies of adsorption in kcal/mol for sulfur adsorbates |
(from ab initio molecular orbital calculations) |
Adsorbate | ΔE on Cu(I)Z | ΔE on AgZ | ΔE on Cu(II)Z | |
H2S | −17.5 | −16.1 | nil | |
DMS | −13.2 | −7.8 | −1.3 | |
Regeneration of Cu(I)Y by Heating in Inert Gas
TABLE 7 |
Desorption amount of DMS and H2S on Cu(I)Y |
Regeneration Conditions | DMS (mmol/g) | H2S (mmol/g) | |
Fresh | 1.7 | 3.23 | |
Heat at 200° C. in He gas | 1.01 | 1.47 | |
Heat at 300° C. in He gas | 1.30 | 1.76 | |
Heat at 450° C. in He gas | 1.48 | 2.23 | |
Breakthrough Experiments
Claims (18)
R—S(Cu)—H; R—S(Cu)—R; or Ar—S(Cu)—Ar,
R—S(Cu)—H; R—S(Cu)—R; or Ar—S(Cu)—Ar,
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/263,844 US8187366B2 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-11-03 | Natural gas desulfurization |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US98460207P | 2007-11-01 | 2007-11-01 | |
US12/263,844 US8187366B2 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-11-03 | Natural gas desulfurization |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20090118528A1 US20090118528A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
US8187366B2 true US8187366B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/263,844 Expired - Fee Related US8187366B2 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-11-03 | Natural gas desulfurization |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8187366B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2217683A4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009059290A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020002192A1 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-02 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | A process for start-up of the hydrodesulfurization section of a natural gas fired reformer |
Families Citing this family (6)
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US20130109895A1 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2013-05-02 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low temperature adsorbent for removing sulfur from fuel |
US8685146B2 (en) | 2012-05-01 | 2014-04-01 | Uop Llc | Processes and apparatuses for preparing liquified natural gas |
CN103920454A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-16 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Composite copper-based desulfurizing agent for removing sulfur-containing repugnant substances at normal temperature and preparation method of composite copper-based desulfurizing agent |
CA2915860A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-18 | Geert Versteeg | Removal of sulfur compounds from gas streams via precipitation |
US10245547B2 (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2019-04-02 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Sulfur removal system |
CN111487363B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2022-08-16 | 内蒙古浦瑞芬环保科技有限公司 | Method for measuring performance of desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon and application thereof |
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US7053256B2 (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2006-05-30 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Selective sorbents for purification of hydrocarbons |
US7063732B2 (en) | 2003-07-28 | 2006-06-20 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | High-capacity sulfur adsorbent bed and gas desulfurization method |
US20060162557A1 (en) | 2005-01-24 | 2006-07-27 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Zeolite adsorbent for desulfurization and method of preparing the same |
US7094333B2 (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2006-08-22 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Selective sorbents for purification of hydrocarbons |
US7148389B2 (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2006-12-12 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Selective sorbents for purification of hydrocartons |
US7396388B2 (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2008-07-08 | Basf Catalysts Llc | Integrated heavy hydrocarbon removal, amine treating and dehydration |
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2008
- 2008-11-03 WO PCT/US2008/082239 patent/WO2009059290A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-03 EP EP08846178A patent/EP2217683A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-11-03 US US12/263,844 patent/US8187366B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3416293A (en) * | 1967-06-22 | 1968-12-17 | Catalysts & Chem Inc | Sulfur adsorption |
US4455286A (en) * | 1982-07-07 | 1984-06-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | High-temperature sorbent method for removal of sulfur containing gases from gaseous mixtures |
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WO2009059290A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
EP2217683A4 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
EP2217683A1 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
US20090118528A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
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