US816928A - Process of producing ammonia. - Google Patents
Process of producing ammonia. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US816928A US816928A US22315804A US1904223158A US816928A US 816928 A US816928 A US 816928A US 22315804 A US22315804 A US 22315804A US 1904223158 A US1904223158 A US 1904223158A US 816928 A US816928 A US 816928A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- boron
- bath
- subjecting
- producing ammonia
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 and va nadium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B35/00—Boron; Compounds thereof
- C01B35/02—Boron; Borides
- C01B35/023—Boron
Definitions
- ,B is a fire or other suitable means of external heat;
- C an internal positive electrode or anodeof carbon, the ne ative electrode or cathodebeing formed by t e crucible A.
- vD is a pipe or annular jacket surrounding the anode and made'of some suitableresistive material, annulus a so serves as a partition between the anode or cathode.
- the course of the current is represented by the arrows E.
- This fused state may be maintainedeither by the fire B or it may be maintained by causin electric energy or the current to'fall as Joule heat.
- nitrogen .gas itself is passed into the bath down through the annulus or pipe of resistive material surrounding the anode.
- the nitrogen is introduced by means of a vessel F, having a stem depending into the annulus D.
- the electrolysis produces anion, boric anhydrid, and oxygen at the anode, where the intensely-heated carbon acts as ,a reducing agent to chemically reduce the anion to boron.
- the pipe serves to prevent the boron thus formed from floating over to the cathode and the nitrogen introduced into the pipe combines with the boron to form boron nitrld.
- the metal of the borates will be deposited at the Y cathode.
- nitrid has accumulated it is subjected while separated from the metals to steam at a temperature of 600 centigrade or above. This maybe done either by. withdrawing the boron nitrid from the bath or else after the deposited metal has been Withdrawn therefrom passing steam at the same temperature into the bath, in either case causing the boron torevert the boric anhydrid (B 0 and producin synthetic or artificial ammonia by the 0 lowmg reaction:
- the temperature of the bath is maintained at about 1,'000 centigrade
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
N 0. 816,928. PATBNTED APR. 3, 1906.
L I J. A. LYONS & E. G. BROADWELL.
PROCESS OF PRODUCING AMMONIA.
APPLICATION FILED ear-122. 1904.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JOHN A. LYONS AND EDWARD '0; BROADWELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. PROCESS OFPRODUCINGAMMONIA.
To all whom it may concern: Be it known that We, JOHN A. LYONS and EDWARD C. BRoADwELL, citizens of the -of the e invention are'illustrated in the accompany' mg drawing, which is a vertical sectional view of an apparatus the parts of which are designated by suitable re erenceletters. ()ur invention, however, does not rest upon the use of any oneform of apparatus.
In this apparatus as here shown A is a crucible.
,B is a fire or other suitable means of external heat; C, an internal positive electrode or anodeof carbon, the ne ative electrode or cathodebeing formed by t e crucible A.
vD is a pipe or annular jacket surrounding the anode and made'of some suitableresistive material, annulus a so serves as a partition between the anode or cathode. The course of the current is represented by the arrows E.
carrying out our invention the borates of any of the electropositive metalssuch as potassium, sodium, manganese, chromium,
molybdenum, tungsten, uranium, and va nadium, or a mixture of the borates of these metals-are maintained in a state of fusion in the crucible. This fused state may be maintainedeither by the fire B or it may be maintained by causin electric energy or the current to'fall as Joule heat. Through this fused bath is assed an electric current, whereby not only el sctrolysis 3f the borates is effected, but also an intense heat created at the carbon anode by the rela-v bively high resistance in the bath at or near heanode, owing to thefact that the anode, LS shown, has a surface of much smaller area ;han the inner surface of the retaining-cru- :ible, which acts as the cathode. At the :ame time nitrogen bearing gases or pure Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed September 2, 1904. Serial No. 223,158.
referably graphite. This pipe or a suflici'ent amount of the I Patented April 3, 1906.
nitrogen .gas itself is passed into the bath down through the annulus or pipe of resistive material surrounding the anode. The nitrogen is introduced by means of a vessel F, having a stem depending into the annulus D. The electrolysis produces anion, boric anhydrid, and oxygen at the anode, where the intensely-heated carbon acts as ,a reducing agent to chemically reduce the anion to boron. The pipe serves to prevent the boron thus formed from floating over to the cathode and the nitrogen introduced into the pipe combines with the boron to form boron nitrld. The metal of the borates will be deposited at the Y cathode. nitrid has accumulated it is subjected while separated from the metals to steam at a temperature of 600 centigrade or above. This maybe done either by. withdrawing the boron nitrid from the bath or else after the deposited metal has been Withdrawn therefrom passing steam at the same temperature into the bath, in either case causing the boron torevert the boric anhydrid (B 0 and producin synthetic or artificial ammonia by the 0 lowmg reaction:
-2BN +3H O B 0 -I-. 2NH
, The temperature of the bath is maintained at about 1,'000 centigrade;
Having thus described our'invention, what we claim is- 1. The process of subjecting a fused bath of the borates of electropositive metals to electrolytic action and subjecting the anion produced thereby to a reducing agent, at the anode in the presence of an intense heat and introducing nitrogen into said bath at the anode and then subjecting the boron nitrid thus produced to steam.
2. The process of producing the borate of an electrolysis and a heat at the anode, introducing nitrogen at the anode,-and subjecting the boron nitrid while separated from the deposited metal to the action of steam at 600 centigrade or above.
3.- The process of boron from electropositlve metal by subjecting a fused bath of the borate of an electropositivemetal to electrolysis and I chemica y reducing the 5 Then after' sufficient boron reducing agent of intense boric anhydrid t0 boron at the anode, in the In testimony whereof We have hereunto presence of an anode separated from thecethaffixed our signatures.
' ode by a jacket of resistive material mtroducing nitrogen between said anode and ADVVELL jacket and subjecting the boron nitrid thus produced to the action of steam at a sufli- Witnesses: cient temperature to cause the boron to re- ARTHUR STUART,
vert to boric anhydrid. ROBERT C. SPIEDEL.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22315804A US816928A (en) | 1904-09-02 | 1904-09-02 | Process of producing ammonia. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22315804A US816928A (en) | 1904-09-02 | 1904-09-02 | Process of producing ammonia. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US816928A true US816928A (en) | 1906-04-03 |
Family
ID=2885410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22315804A Expired - Lifetime US816928A (en) | 1904-09-02 | 1904-09-02 | Process of producing ammonia. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US816928A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2773826A (en) * | 1944-02-07 | 1956-12-11 | Norman C Beese | Electrolytic apparatus for the recovery of rare refractory metals |
| US3008881A (en) * | 1958-06-30 | 1961-11-14 | Dow Chemical Co | Production of uranium |
-
1904
- 1904-09-02 US US22315804A patent/US816928A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2773826A (en) * | 1944-02-07 | 1956-12-11 | Norman C Beese | Electrolytic apparatus for the recovery of rare refractory metals |
| US3008881A (en) * | 1958-06-30 | 1961-11-14 | Dow Chemical Co | Production of uranium |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2706153A (en) | Method for the recovery of titanium | |
| Dai et al. | In-situ synthesis of MoSi2 coating on molybdenum substrate by electro-deoxidation of a SiO2 layer in molten salt | |
| US816928A (en) | Process of producing ammonia. | |
| US2854353A (en) | Method of coating refractory metals with silicon and boron | |
| US3397087A (en) | Method of coating a shaped carbon article with a polycarbon fluoride | |
| JPH09110404A (en) | Production of lithium sulfide | |
| US2904426A (en) | Method of preparing cell feed for the fused salt electrolytic production of titanium | |
| US3192138A (en) | Process for the production of hydrides and/or halogenated hydrides of the elements boron and silicon | |
| US2833704A (en) | Production of titanium | |
| US2870071A (en) | Electrolytic production of titanium tetrahalides | |
| US2892763A (en) | Production of pure elemental silicon | |
| US2952591A (en) | Electrolytic preparation of calcium carbide | |
| US1019392A (en) | Electric furnace method and apparatus. | |
| US452030A (en) | Hamilton young castner | |
| US3265540A (en) | Production of arg hardenable tantalum-based alloys | |
| US2870072A (en) | Preparation of fused salt electrolytes | |
| US2892762A (en) | Production of elemental boron electrolytically | |
| GB966807A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the production of uranium | |
| US2940911A (en) | Electrorefining of elemental boron | |
| US785962A (en) | Production of boron by electrolysis. | |
| US1018802A (en) | Method of producing nitrogen compounds. | |
| US2876180A (en) | Fused salt bath for the electrodeposition of transition metals | |
| US2893928A (en) | Preparation of plutonium | |
| US3071459A (en) | Production of hafnium metal | |
| US3178259A (en) | Nitrided electrode process of preparing uranium mononitride |