US816705A - Lock. - Google Patents

Description

No. 816,705. PATENTED APR. 3, 1906. E. R. BOOTH.

LOCK. APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, 1003.

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LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. April 3, 1906.

Application filed July 13,1903. Serial No. 165,243.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMMONs R. BOOTH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in locks, and particularly that class of locks wherein the bolt is actuated from a tumbler-case carrying tumblers locking it against movement; and the object of my invention is to provide a lock of this character of a simple and inexpensive nature which shall afford a strong and secure fastening for doors, drawers, and the like.

My invention consists in certain novel features of the construction, combination, and arrangement of the various parts of the improved lock whereby it is made simpler and cheaper and is otherwise better adapted and more convenient for use than various other forms of lock heretofore devised, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a face or front view of my improved lock with a part of the cap and also a part of the keyguide broken away, showing also one of the tumblers in locked position, the bolt being thrown. Fig. 2 is a face or front View of the lock, showing the tumbler-case in section on line as x of Fig. 7, showing also one of the tumblers in unlocked position and by dotted lines the same tumbler in locked position. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the cap removed and one of the tumblers in engagement with the walls of one of the slots of the case, whereby it is prevented from turning and the bolt is held in a fixed position. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 with all the tumblers removed and shows by dotted lines, representing the slot in the bolt, the two extreme positlons of the bolt. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the tumbler partly turned and the bolt moved to a corresponding position, the dotted lines showing the positions of the key as the tumbler is being 'turned. Fig. 6 is a side or edge view with part of the cap broken away and shows the ends of the projecting arms of the tumblers in engagement with the walls of the adjacent slot, showing also the end of the bolt and the key in position. Fig. 7 is a central sectional view through the bolt and tumblers on the line y 'y of Fig. 1, the key being indicated in edge view by dotted lines passing through the tumblers. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7, showing the guide and locking pins and pin-support in position, the tumblers and washers being removed. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of my lock with the inclosm cap removed. Fig. 10 is an enlarged vertica section on the line a a of Fig. 9 looking toward the right. Fig. 11 is a plan view of Fig. 9, the dotted lines showing the bolt and one of the tumblers. Fig. 12 is a plan view of Fig. 9, showing one tumbler and the bolt thrown to locked position. Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a modification in which the longitudinal slots and tumblers are arranged in' two sets. Fig. 14 is an enlarged vertical section on the line b b of Fig. 13 looking toward the right. Fig. 15 is a plan view of Fig. 13 with the key-guide removed. Fig. 16 is a plan view showing the tumblers and bolt in locked position and modified form of pin-support, the key-guide being removed. Figs. 17 and 18 show forms of tumblers. Fig. 19 shows a washer. Figs. 20, 21, and 22 show forms of keys to actuate the tumblers. Fig. 23 shows a modified form of pin-support having the central aperture in the form of a cross.

In the construction of my improved look as illustrated in the views, 1 indicates the bolt-case, which I have preferably formed of two parts a and b, suitably secured together, part a being formed with an angular depression extending lengthwise thereof and part b of a flat plate, so that when the two parts are joined together a bolt-channel 2 is formed. Housed within said bolt-channel and adapted to slide therein is a flat locking-bolt 3, provided with a transverse slot 4, preferably opening at one edge of the bolt.- The part b is provided near its center with an annular opening 5, and permanently mounted over and around the same is a cylindrical tumblercase 6, provided with one or more longitudinal slots 7 and 8. Said tumbler-case is constructed with one end open to receive the interior mechanism, which consists of a series of apertured tumblers 9, each having one or more locking-arms 10 and notches 11 and 12, said locking-tumblers being separated when desired by suitable washers 15 and retained in proper relative relation to each other within the tumbler-case 6 between the key-guide 18 and inclosing cap 20 at one end of the tumbler-case and the pin-support 14 at the other end thereof, said pin-support carrying guide-pin 17 and locking-pin 16.

Each key-tumbler 9 has a central elongated keyhole 13 for the passage of the key, such hole being widest at its center and tapered toward each end, so as to give to the hole a lozenge or elliptical form to permit partial turning of the key before the tumbler shall be moved into its required position to permit turning movement of the tumbler. Each key-tumbler is preferably formed with an elliptical periphery and is provided with an arm 10 upon one or both of its edges, which arm or arms are adapted to take into slots 7 and 8 to hold the tumbler from turning. Said key-tumbler is also provided upon one edge with a notch 11 to receive the guide-pin 17 when the key-tumbler is thrown to one side of the tumbler-case 6, as shown in Fig. 3, thereby permitting the locking-arm 10 to enter the slot 7. Each tumbler 9 is cut away upon its edge opposite arm 10 the length of said arm to permit the arm to be withdrawn from locking-slots 7 and 8 in order to permit the tumblers to be turned or rotated within the tumbler-case, as shown in Fig. 5. In order to do this, I provide notch 12 opposite notch 11 to receive locking-pin 16. I preferably arrange the key-tumblers so that the arms of some will be adapted for engagement with slot 7 and the others for engagement with slot 8, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or all of said arms may engage either one of said slots. The washers 15 are preferably cut out to clear the locking-pin 16 or omitted, as desired, depending upon the shape of the key and the variations in combinations desired. When a serpentine key, such as shown in Fig. 22, is used, the washers can be omitted, or if it is desired to use a zigzag or notched key, as shown in Figs. 20 and 21, it is necessary to insert the washers, as shown in Fig. 7.

At the inner end of the tumbler-case 6 adjacent the locking-bolt I provide an apertured disk which forms the pin-support 14 to hold guidepin 17 and locking-pin 16 in position. These two pins also serve to guide the tumblers in their movement in and out. of the slots 7 and 8 as the key is turned within the tumblers and prevent the tumblers from being turned out of their correct position.

The tumblers 9 are inserted in the tumbler-case 6 upon the pin-support 14 and pins 16 and 17, and an ordinary key-guide 18, with slot 19, is inserted between said tumblers and the inclosing cap 20, with flange 21 taking over and inclosing the tumbler-case 6,-there being an annular opening 22 in said cap to permit the insertion and turning of the key.

Fig. 1 shows the bolt thrown and held in locked position by the arms 10 of the tumblers projecting into the slot 8. In order to unlock and throw the bolt, insert the key in the slot 19 to the position shown by lines in Fig. 7 and turn the key to the right, which draws the arms from the slots, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and permits the tumblers to be revolved within the tumbler-case to draw the locking-pin from one extreme position to the other, as shown in Fig. 1, and thereby throw the bolt. I have indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5 the positions which the key assumes as the tumblers are being turned to throw the bolt into locked position, the opposite edges of the key being in engagement with the opposite edges of the opposite walls of the keyholes of the tumblers.

I have illustrated various forms of tumblers, as shown in Figs. 2, 17, and 18, it being essential, however, that each tumbler have an enlarged central opening 13 and one or more arms 10 and slots 11 and 12, said slots being adapted to receive the guide and locking pins, respectively.

When additional slots, as 7 and 8", are used, I employ two sets of tumblers 9 and 9 of the form shown in Figs. 15, 1.6, and 18, tumblers 9" and. 9 being substantially alike, eXcept that they are arranged at right angles to each other. When two sets of slots and tumblers are employed, I insert guiding-pins 17 a and 17 and this necessitates cutting away each end of each tumbler to permit of their passing the pins of the other tumblers, respectively. The washer 15 is provided with suitable notches on its periphery to receive the pins. The arms of the tumblers in both forms are of different lengths, depending upon the shape of the key, the arms being so arranged that as the edge of the key bears against the inner walls of the tumblers to turn the same the arms are thrown just far enough in the proper direction to allow this, and when the direction of the key is reversed and the arms brought opposite any of the slots the arms will be moved into the slots by means of the pressure of the key.

The cross-shaped key-slot 27 in the pinsupport, as shown in Figs. 16 and 23, is intended to permit of the insertion of the key either vertically or horizontally, which will detach the locking-arms and permit the turning without pressing against the sides of the apertures of the tumblers.

The tumbler-case may be entirely filled with tumblers either with or without washers between them or partly with and partly without washers. The tumblers are so constructed as to be revolved in either direction, either arm of any tumbler when it projects into the slot being sufficient to prevent all from turning.

My construction of key-tumbler with locking-arms upon opposite edges enables me to produce a difi erent combination for every lock, and this is accomplished by having each key of different shape, and the arms when dotted 6 5' the key is inserted are filed off the proper lengths to escape the slots and turn Within the tumbler-case. This causes the various arms to be of different lengths, depending upon the shape of the key at the point on its edge where it comes in contact with the tumblers. This results in preventing any other shaped key from releasing all of the tumblerarms from the slots and the operation of the look by any key except the one intended for it. In other words, the tumblers of each lock are made to conform to the shape of the particular key which is used.

The tumblers are thrown to one side or the other in the tumbler-case by turning the key in the central openings of the tumblers, which moves the tumblers and disengages the locking-arms from the slots in the tumbler-case, allowing the contents thereof, including the locking-pin projecting into the slot of the bolt, to be turned, and when a serpentine key is used they may be thrown into position for turning by merely inserting the key crosswise of the slot without turning it, except where two sets of tumblers are used, in which case the key is inserted in the first set and turned until it is at right angles to the slots in the second set, when it is inserted therein and into the pin-support.

The construction of the improved lock according to my invention is extremely simple and inexpensive owing to the facility with which the several parts may be manufactured and also owing to the many combinations which may be effected. The washers also being exactly alike permit of omitting one or more tumblers and substituting washers therefor, or tumblers may be substituted for the washers to alford a still greater variety of combinations.

It is not essential that two sets of tumblers be employed in the lock, since it will be evident that either set may be omitted.

It will also be evident from the above description that the im roved lock is capable of considerable modification without material departure from the scope and spirit of my inventionas, for instance, slots in the tumbler-case, which I have shown in a hori- Zontal position, may be arranged in any other position and their number varied, as desired, so as to permit the insertion of some of the tumblers at right angles to the others, and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise form and arrangement of the several parts herein set forth.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. A lock comprising a bolt-case, a bolt therein, a slotted tumbler-case, tumblers in said tumbler-case, each tumbler having an elliptical keyhole, and an arm extending at right angles to the length of the elliptical keyhole and adapted to engage within the slotted portion of the tumbler-case, and a key adapted to engage said tumblers to move them and thereby throw the bolt.

2. In a look, a bolt-case provided with a central projecting cylindrical tumbler-case having its bore open at its union with the bolt-case and provided at its outer end, or the cap thereof, with an inturned annular flange, a slotted key-guide at the outer end of the case inside said flange, tumblers insertible in the bore of the tumbler-case and adapted for engagement therewith to lock them against turning movement, a locking-bolt provided with a transverse slot and a locking-pin supported in said tumbler-case and adapted to traverse said slot and be actuated by the tumblers 3. In a lock, a bolt-case, a bolt therein, a slotted tumbler-case, tumblers adapted to engage the slotted portion of the tumblercase, washers adjacent said tumblers, guide and locking pins engaging said tumblers, a pin-support therefor, and a key-guide and inclosing cap for said tumbler-case.

4. In a look, a tumbler having an elliptical keyhole and an arm extending at an angle to the length of said elliptical keyhole, said tumbler by reason of that shape permitting the key to turn so as to throw the tumbler out of engagement with the slotted portion of the tumbler-case, and then to be turned freely therein.

5. In a lock, a bolt-case, a bolt therein, means for operating said bolt, a slotted tumbler-case, tumblers located therein each having an arm adapted to engage the slotted portion of said tumbler-case, washers provided with notches and guide and locking pins supported in said tumbler-case to engage the walls of said notches.

6. In a lock, a bolt-case, a bolt therein provided with a transverse slot, a cylindrical tumbler-case connected to said boltcase and provided with longitudinal slots, apertured tumblers each provided with an arm and notches, said arm being adapted to engage the walls of said longitudinal slots to hold the bolt in locked or unlocked position, washers interposed between said tumblers, a locking-pin supported in said tumbler-case and adapted to traverse said transverse slot and engage the walls of the tumblernotches, and means for turning the tumblers.

7. In a look, a bolt-case, a bolt therein, a slotted tumbler-case, tumblers within said tumbler-case each having an arm adapted to engage said slotted portion of the tumblercase, guide and locking pins engaging said tumblers, a pin-support therefor and an inclosing cap to said tumbler-case.

8. In a look, a bolt-case provided with a bolt-channel, a bolt therein having a transverse slot, a cylindrical tumbler-case having an opening communicating with the channel of the bolt-case and provided with longitudinal slots, tumblers each having an elongated depression upon one edge, locking-arms, and guide and locking pin notches to permit the arms of the tumblers to be moved laterally into the tumbler-case slots or out of same so that the tumblers may be revolved in said case, and guide and locking pins supported in said. tumbler-case and adapted to engage the notches of the tumblers.

9. In a look, a slotted tumbler-case a tumbler having an elliptical keyhole, and an arm extending at right angles to the length of the elliptical keyhole, guide and locking pins supported in said tumbler-case adjacent said tumbler, said tumbler having a depression to permit it to escape the pins as set forth.

10. In a look, a bolt-case, a bolt therein provided with a transverse slot, a cylindrical tumbler-case connected. to said bolt-case and provided with longitudinal slots, apertured tumblers, each provided with an arm and notches, said arm being adapted to engage said longitudinal slot-walls to hold the bolt in locked or unlocked position, a locking-pin supported in said tumbler-case adapted to traverse said transverse slot and engage the Walls of the tumbler-notches, and means for turning the tumblers.

11. In a look, a bolt-case, a bolt adapted to work therein, a slotted tumbler-case adj acent said bolt-case, apertured tumblers having arms of various lengths depending upon the shape of the key adapted to engage the slotted portion of the tumbler-case.

12. In a lock, a bolt-case, a bolt therein, means for operating said bolt, a tumbler-case, a tumbler therein having a central elliptical keyhole, lockingarms, and a locking-pin notch, and a lockingpin supported in said tumbler-case and adapted to engage said notch.

13. In a lock, a bolt-case, a bolt therein provided with a transverse slot, a cylindrical tumbler-case connected to said bolt-case and provided with longitudinal slots, apertured tumblers each provided with an arm and notches, a lockingin adapted to traverse the slot of the loc ing-bolt and engage the walls of the tumbler-notches, and a guidepin supported in said tumbler-case adapted to enter the notches in the tumblers and to hold the several tumblers in alinement with each other and the arms out of engagement with the slots in the tumbler-case as the tumblers are being turned.

14. A look comprising a bolt-case, a bolt therein, a tumbler-case having a plurality of slots, tumblers in said tumbler-case, each tumbler having an elliptical keyhole and an arm extending at an angle to the length of said keyhole and adapted to engage within one of said slots, some of said tumblers being arranged transversely to the others, and a key adapted to engage said tumblers to move them and thereby throw the bolt.

15. A lock comprising a bolt-case, a bolt therein, a slotted tumbler-case, tumblers in said tumbler-case, each tumbler having an elliptical keyhole and an arm extending at an angle to the length of the elliptical keyhole and adapted to en age Within the slotted portion of the tumbler-case, a pin-support having a cross-shaped key-slot and a key adapted to be inserted in said cross-shaped key-slot either vertically or horizontally for the purposes specified.

EMMONS R. BOOTH.

Witnesses:

JAMES N. RAMsEY, ALMA M. F. Ho scnoPP.

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