US816383A - Motor-starter. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAR.'27, 1906.

E. $OHATTNER.

MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20.1905.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

I hwentor: Ernesbchattne Witnesses:

No. 816,383. I PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906. E. SGHATTNER.

MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20.1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses; /nvenZ3or": Y 7 ErnesbSchatCner;

UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE...

ERNEST SCHATTNER, OF SOHENEOTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GEN- ERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF 'NEW' YORK.

MOTOR-STARTER.

N 0. 816,383.- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented March 27,1906, LApplication filed July 20,- 1905. Serial N0. 270,442.

To all whom, it may concern: Referring to the drawings, 1 is 'a starting 55 Be it known that I, ERNEST SCHATTNER, a. resistance divided into any desired number subject of the King of Great Britain, residing of sections. I have shown but two sections at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State in the drawings, giving three ste s, which is 5 of New York, have invented certain new and sufficient for motors up toabout een-hor'se useful 1m rovements in Motor-Starters, of power. The resistanceds preferably so 511F160 which the ollowing is aspecification. I ranged that about eighty per cent. is shorthis invention relates to devices for con- 5 circuited after the motor starts, and then' trolling motor-circuits, and has for its object when the motor'speeds up sufiiciently the the rovision of a device of this character other twenty per cent. is cutout. The numwhic is adapted for use with motors of large ber of starting steps, however, and the por- 6 5 as Wellas small capacity and is at the same tion of the resistance cut out at each ste time cheap, durable, and efficient. form no part of my invention and will be va- At the present time the ty e of motorrled greatly for diilerent classes of motors.

starting device in common use or small mo- A solenoid 2, having an armature core 3, is

tors is the dial type of rheostat in which a mounted upon the insulating-base 4. The 7 controlling-arm is moved over a series of magnets 5 and 6, having, respectively, pole-- studs which form the terminals of starting repieces 7 and 8, are mounted in a similar mansistance to gradually cut out said resistance. ner. The windings of the magnets 2, 5, and

This type of device 18 not well-adapted for 6 are in shunt to each other and to the resistlarge work, and the common practice in conv ance 1. Pivoted at 9 is a lever 10, having at 75 nection with large motors is to have a series its outer extremity an armature 11. Arm 10 of successively-operated switches arranged to is pivoted to core 3 by a link 12. Concentric cut out the resistance. In carrying out my with the lever 10 are two switch-levers 13 2 5 invention I provide a device of the latter and 14, loosely mounted upon the pivot 9.- type which is so simple in construction and The lever 10 has a projecting portion- 15, 8o

EfilClGIlt in its action as to render its use dewhich extends partlv over the switch-arms,

sirable in connection with small motors as and a stop-pin 16 is provided on theflever 13 well. I provide a series of pivoted switchto be engaged by this projecting portion. The

arms which are held suspended when the cir- PIOJGCtlOD. 15 is provided with a lug 17 for encuit is first closed through the startingresistgaging the arm 14.. The spring 18 normally '8 5 nice, but which are successively released to retracts the lever 10, so as to hold the switch- 1 cut out sections of the resistance as the counarms in raised position, as shown. Clips 19 ter electromotive force of the motor builds and 20 are mounted upon the base, so as to up. The switch-arms are mechanically susbe engaged by the arms 13 and 14, respecpended, and u on the closing of the circuit tively, when the latter are released and fall 0 the mechanica suspension is removed and by gravity. The arms-l3 and 14 are prosuspension-magnets are energized to retain vided withcurved armature portions 21 and the arms in a raised position. As the motor 22, which extend into proximity to the poles 4o speeds up the arms successively drop, and of the magnets 5 and 6. A no-voltage magupon-failure. of voltage the armsare simulta-- net 23 is mounted upon the base, so as to re- 5 'neously moved to their suspended osition. tain the armature 11 when the lever 10-is yinvention consists in'certain eatures oi moved by the ,core 3 against the tension of construction and in t e arran emnt. of a the spring 18. A stop 24 limits the upward combination of elementshereina tersetforth, movement of the arm 13, and hence limits 5o view'of a rheostat' embodying the preferred lows: 25 and 26 represent leads supplying.

and particularly pointed out in the'claims anthe movement of the lever 10 in response to 1.00 iiexed toand orminga part of this applicathe spring 18. Stop 24. is provided to limit tion. f J t em'ovement of the arm 14.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a plan T e arrangement of the circuit is as folform of In inventiong, Fig. 2 shows a simipower to a motor having an armature 27 an lar view 0 a modifiedforrn and Fig. 3 shows eld. 28. The magnet 23 is preferably co a detail of the starting-brindle used on the nected in series with the field. With the modified form. parts as shown in Fig. 1 when the motor-sir tor 28, to terminal 29, and thence through armature 27 and back to line. The fieldcircuit passes from lead 25 to terminal 30, thence through conductor 31, magnet 23, conductor 32, and terminal 33 to field 28 and back to line. The current also passes from terminals 30 and 29 throughclips 20, conductor 36, andione of the clips 19 to the magnets 2. 5, and 6,-all of which are in shunt to each other and they are also in shunt to the resistance 1, since they have the same terminals.

at 29 and 30. The magnet 2 being energized when the control-switch w is closed draws in its core 3, raising the lever 10 until the armature 11 engages the poles of the magnet 23. This magnet 23 being energized through the field-circuit retains the lever 10 in raised position against the tension of the spring 18. At the same time the downward movement of the projection removes the support from the arms 13 and 14. The arms, however, do not fall by gravity, since the magnets 5 and 6, which were energized simultaneonsl with magnet 2 hold the armatures 21 an 22 in magnetic suspension. As the motor speeds up and its counter electromotive force 1ncreases the voltage drop on the starting re sistance decreases, whereby the magnets 5 and 6 are weakened. These magnets are so calibrated that they will release the arms successively. As shown in Fig. 1, the arm 13 is first released, cutting out section 1 of the resistance The armature-current then passes from lead through conductor 35, clip 20, conductor 36, clip 19, thence through switch-blade 13, which has dropped into the clips 19, to conductor 3 section 1 of the resistance, conductor 28, and terminal. 29, armature 27, and back to line. The motor continuing to speed up and its counter electromotive force increasing the voltage drop of the starting resistance further decreases, weaken ing the magnet 6 sufliciently to allow the switch arm 14 todrop 20, and thereby sliert-circuiting the resistance thIOUglLCOitdflg' t DI' 35, switch-arm'14, and conductor 38, establishing the running connections of the motor. Upon failure of voltage magnet 23 releases armature 11, and

the spring 18 retracts the lever 10, lifting the arms 13 and 14 out of their respective clips, so that the armatures 21 and 22 are again opposite the poles of the magnets 5 and 6 and the arms 13 and 14 against the stops 24 and 24, respectively. I

In Fig. 2 I have shown a device which is semi-automatic, a portion of the resistance being cut out manually, while the remainder is cut out automatically. In this case I have shown only one magnet 39 in shunt with the starting resistance and a single switch-arm 4Q, pivoted at 41 and adagf agi; to engage the clip 42 to short-circuit t A is retained by t the starting resistance is thus cut out, the

into the clips snap.

e resistance. A,

manually-o erated arm 43 is likewisepivoted at 41 an is retracted to a raisedposition by means of a spring 44. The arm 43 is locked in short-circuited position by means of the no-voltage magnet 45, ponnected in series with the motor-field. The arm 43 is provided with a handle 46, (see Fig. 3,) having mounted therein a spring-pressed button 47, having a long shank 48, the extremity of whichengages with bell-crank lever 49, pivoted at to the arm 43. The arm 43 is provided with a contact spring 51, engagin with the contact-segment 52, one portion 0 which, 53, is of insulating material. The conducting part of the ring 52 is rovided with a stop 54, which is engaged by ell-crank lever 49 to stop the arm 43 in its downward movement. In order to move the arm farther, the button 47 must be ressed downward, moving the free end 0 the bell-crank outward from the segment 52, so as .to clear the stop 54. The arm 43 may then continue its movement until its armature 55 engages the poles of the magnet 45. The mechanism just described in connection with the arm 43 is to prevent the arm from being moved by a continuous movement into a short circuiting position. When the arm reaches the sto 54 and the motor-circuit is closed throng the segment 52', the operator must pause long enough to push the button 43 and clar the stop 54. By this time the magnet 39 is energizedso as to suspend the arm-40, while the arm'43 is moved downward against the tension of the s ring 44 until its armature 55 e magnet 45. Section 56 of arm 43 being in contact with ring-segment 57. After the motor has speeded u. the pro er amount the magnet 39 is wea ened su ciently to allow the arm 40 to drop into contact with the-clip 42, thereby short-cirrod cuiting the resistance in a manner similar to I that described in connection with Fig. 1.

Upon failure of voltage the arm43 is returned.

by its spring 44, carrying with it the arm 40. In order not to damage the contacts upon the interrupting of the circuit, I have rovided a quick-break switch consisting of t e contact 58 and a spring actuated switch arm 59.

The tension of the spring and the frictional contact between the arm 59 and the contact 58 are so'adjusted that the circuit will not be broken until the arm 43 has assed on to the insulation; The tension of t e spring 60 will then cause the circuit to be broken with a From this description, taken in connection with that of 1, it is thought that the description of this modified form will be sufliciently clear. a i

What I'claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is' 1. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch therefor comprising a magnetically-suspended switch-arm mountnections of the motor, means ed to establish the runnin' connections of the motor when released, an means dependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing said.

p the motor for releasing said arm.

3. The combination with a motor-circuit and means for closing the same, of a starting.-

switch comprising a contact, a switch-arm arranged to fall b gravity into engagement therewith to'esta lish running-connections of the motor, a magnet-winding adapted toretard said switch-arm, and means dependent upon the speed of the motor'for releasing said arm.

4. The combination with a motor-circuit and. means for closing the same, of a startingswitch comprising a movable switch arm adapted when moved to establish the running connections of the motor, an ried by said switch-arm, an electromagnet having its poles in proximity to the path of movement of said armature whereb movement of the switch. arm is retar ed, and means dependent upon the speed of the motor for impressing upon the terminals of said clectromagnet a continuously-decreasing electromotive force.

5. The combination with a motor-circuit,

of a-starting-switch therefor comprising a starting resistance, a plurality of switch-arms ada ted to successively cut out sections of said resistance, means whereby said arms are sus(pended upon closing the motor-circuit, an means dependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing said arms.

6. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch therefor comprising a starting resistance, a plurality of switch-arms ada ted to successively cut out sections of sai resistance, means whereby said arms are magnetically suspended upon closing the motor-circuit, and means dependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing said arms.

7. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch therefor comprising a plurality of pivoted switch-arms normally supported in raised position, means for auto' matically removing said support upon closing the motor-circuit and simultaneously producing a magnetic suspension for said arms, and means for releasing said arms.

8. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch therefor com risinga plurality of pivoted switch-arms, means for mechanically supporting said arms in raised position, means for automaticall removing said support upon the closing 0 the motormotor-circuit, 1

armature car-.

circuit and simultaneously producing a magnetic suspension for said arms, and means for releasing said arms.

9. The combination with a IIIOtOT-glliCUlli, of a starting-switch therefor comprismg a starting resistance, a switch-arm pivoted to fall by gravity when .released to cutout a section of said resistance, means for suspending said arm, and means dependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing the same.

10. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch therefor comprisinga plurality of pivoted switch-arms, means for mechanically supporting said arms in raised pos1tion,-means for automatically removing said support upon the closing of the motorcircuit and simultaneously producing a magnetic suspension for said arms, and means deendent upon the speed of the motor for reeasing said arms.

11. The combination with a motor-circuit, of a starting-switch comprising a resistance and contacts therefor, a plurality of pivoted switch-arms having a bias toward engagement with said contacts, means for mechan-,

ically supporting said arms in raisedposition, electromagnetic means for automatically removing said support and simultaneously producing a magnetic suspension forsaid arms,

and means dependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing said arms to successively cut out sections of said resistance.

12. A starting-switch comprising a resistance and contacts therefor, a plurality of movable contacts having a bias toward engagement with said contacts, a spring-returned support for said movable contacts, electromagnetic means for automatically mov ng said support against the tension of its spring and simultaneously producing a magnetic suspension for said movable contacts, a novoltage magnet for holding saidsupport in retracted position, and means dependent upon the speed of the motor for releasing sa d arms to successively cut out sections of sa1d resistance.

13. A motor-starter comprising a springretracted circuit-closer, a resistance, a plurality of movable contacts adapted to gradually cut out said resistance and normally held in open-circuit position b the circuit-closer, a no-voltage magnet for olding' the circuitcloser in closed position, and magnetic means governed by the counter electromotive force of the motor for successively releasing the movable contacts to cut out resistance.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of July, 1905.

ERNEST SOHATTNER.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN ORFORD.

lIC

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