US816214A - Peat-oven. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906.

P. J. BUGKLEY. PEAT OVEN. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1905.

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P. J. BUOKLBY.

PEAT OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY27.1905.

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PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906. .P. J. BUGKLEY. PBAT OVEN. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1905.

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PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906.

P. J. BUGKLEY,

PEAT OVEN. APPLICATION FILED MAY27. 1905.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 27, 1906.

Apolication filed May 27, 1905. Serial No. 262.563.

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK J. BUOKLEY, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Waukesha, county of Waukesha, and State of liVisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Peat-Ovens, of which the following is a specification, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The invention relates to an apparatus for treatin peat, preferably after it has been reduce to lump form, by compression and a partial elimination of its moisture and entrained air.

The invention has for its object to afford a simple and efficient means for drying and charring the material in order to adapt it for use as a commercial fuel and contemplates an inclosure for receiving the peat and in which it may be heated to a sufficient temperature to drive out substantially all of its moisture and a part of its other volatile constituents.

In the preferred construction of the apparatus this inclosure is provided with furnacechambers adapted for employing the combustible gases emitted from the material within the inclosure supplemental to other fuel and for heating the material both by the circulation through it of the products of combustion from such chambers and by the radiation from their walls.

A further detail of the invention contemplates means for collecting the combustible gases emitted from the heated material, so that they may be consumed in the furnacechambers or led away to convenient storagetanks.

The invention consists in the structure to be hereinafter described and which is illustrated in 'the accompanying drawings, in which Figure1 is a side elevation of thevdevice with some of the parts broken away and showing the interior construction invertical longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, partly in horizontal section, on the line 2 2 of Fig, 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical cross-sections on the lines 3 3 and 4 4, respectively, of Fig. 2.

The device is provided with side and end walls of refractory material, suchas masonry, (shown in the drawings at 10, 11, 12, and 13,) and the space inclosed within these walls has a double-inclined floor 14 15 for directing the material contained within the inclosure toward the discharge-openings 16 17 in its walls. The lower art of the inclosure is csossed by a plurality of partition-walls 18, rising from the floor to a height somewhat less than half that of the side and endwalls and providing a number'of interspaces 19 20, a part of which, as thealternate s aces 20, are adapted to be used as furnace-c iambers. To thisend the flooring of these spaces is partly cut away and is replaced by gratears 21, and there are provided in the walls at each end of these spaces fire and clinker doors 22 and 23 and ash-pit openings 24. Each of these furnace-chambers is closed at the top, as by means of a metal plate 25, resting on the partition-walls 18 and having a flue-opening 26, communicating with a flue 27, intended to provide a circuitous passage for the products of combustion and opening into the interior of the structure at 27*. A housing or hood 28, having perforated side walls 29 30 and preferably extendin from side to side of the structure, incloses the flue 2'7 and covers the entire area of the plate The side walls 29 30 are supported by suitable uprights 31, rising from the plate 25, and the hood is closed at the topby a suitable roof 32.

The interspaces 19 take the form of bins open at the top to the interior of the structure and communicating below with the discharge-openings 16 17. These bins are made narrow for the purpose of retaining the material in thin layers between the heated walls of the furnace-chambers 20 in order that it maybe raised to a chairing tem erature throughout. In the upper part of t e structure, and preferabl directly over each of these bins, is provi ed an exhaust-chamber 34, similar in construction to that of the hoods 28 and having perforated side walls 36,'whioh are so disposed in relation to the walls of the adjacent hoods 28 that only such a body of material may be contained in the intervening spaces 61 as will permit a free passage of the vapors of combustion from the hood into the exhaust chamber. The side walls 35 36 are secured to suitable uprights 37, rising from'beams 33, resting upon the partition-walls 18, and the top of the ex haust-chamber is closed by a cover-plate 38.

Exhaust-ports 39 40 lead out of t 10 chambers 34 through the side walls of the inclosure and communicate with the pipes 41 42,

extending the entire length of the inclosure at either sideand connecting at the end thereof with a cross-pipe 45, to which is applied an exhaust-fan 44. In each of the exaust-ports 39 40 there is rovided a valve 43, so that the exhaust om the several chaanbers may be apportioned as may be desire The side walls 35 36 of the exhaust-chambers 34 are inclined inwardly at their lower edges, as indicated at 46 and 47, Fig. 1, to provide a free passa e from the spaces 60 61 into the bins 19. n each of the bins is a gas-receiver 48, preferabl extending the entire length of the bin an of ellipticalcrosssection to provide a large capacity without obstructing the descent of the material through the bin. The side and lower walls of this receiver are freel perforated, as is most clearly shown in Fig. 4, and at, eithr' end there is provided an exhaust-port 49 leading through the side walls '12 13 of the inclosure and connecting with'apipe 50, running the entire length of the inclosure and joined near one end thereof with an exhaustfan 51. I

The pipe is designed to draw the combustible gases emitted from the heated material contained in the bins 19 from the gas-receiver 48, and, if desired, this gas may be delivered, by means of the'exhaustfan 51-, to a suitable storage-"tank. (Not shown in the drawings.) In the preferred method of using the device, however, it is intended to burn this gas in the furnace-chambers 20, and for this purpose there is provided a byass 52, leading out of the pipe 50, preferab y adjacent each of the fire-doors 22 and terminating ina burner 53 of ordina construction, directed through the wall of the inclosure into the furnace chamber. In order that the combustible gases emitted from the material may be directed in either of the ways just described, valves 50 and 52 are provided in the pi e 50 adjacent the exhaust-fan 51 and in eac of the by-passes 52, respectively.

The top of the structure is crossed by a plurality of beams 54, bearing upon the side walls 12 and 13 and adaptedto support the rails of a track and suitable cars (not shown) loaded with the material to be treated in the device, which may be run on the track. The space between these beams is closed by cover-plates 56, some of which may be made removable, as at 57, to provide openings through which the material may be dumped from the cars into the interior of the inclosure. I V

, The openings 16 17, near the base of the structure, are preferably provided with ver tically-slidin doors 58, so that the dischar e of material t ough these openings may e interrupted whenever desired and an inflow of air to the charring material is prevented, and there is secured to the interior walls of the inclosure adjacent each of these openings a guide-plate 59, intended to prevent the jamming of the material as it descends in the bin toward the opening.

The device is continuous in operation, a quantity of material being always maintained within the structure, small amounts of which are drawn from the several discharge-openings 16 1.7 at short intervals and additions of fresh material being made from time to time. These additions are made at the top of the structure from cars loaded with the material and drawn upon the track 55, the contents of which may be thrown or dumped into the interior of the structure by removing the cover plates 57, preferably enough material being always maintained Within the structure to entirely cover the hoods 28 and exhaust-chambers 34.

Fires are kept in each of the furnace-chambers 20, and a draft is induced by means of the exhaust-fan 44. The products of combustion from these fires enter the hoods 28 from the flues 27 and passing through the perforated walls of these hoods cross the intervening s aces 61 to the exhaust-chambers 34 an out of the structure through the exhaustorts'39 40, as indicated by the arrows in ig. 1. The material occupying the spaces 60 61 is permeated by the products of combustion from the fires and is heated and dried thereb and as it is allowed to descend towar the bins 19 by the occasional withdrawal of material from the dischargeopenings 16 17 its temperature is raised by the radiation of heat from the furnace-walls.

Within the bins 19 a high temperature is maintained, and the material contained therein is divested of the last traces of its moisture and of a ortion of its other volatile constituents, whio pass as a vapor into the gas-receivers 48, then escape by way of the mouth of the bin into the exhaust-chamber 34 being practically out off by the crowding of the material as it descends to the bin from the spaces 60 61. When the valves 52*, controlling the burners 53, are open, the draft induced by the exhaustrfan 44 will afford means for drawing these vapors from the gasreoeivers 48 by wa of the exhaust-ports 49, the pipes 50, and t e burners 53 into the furnace-chambers 20, where they ma be employed as a su plement to other fue If it is deslred to col ect and store these vapors, it will be necessary to employ the exhaust-fan 51 to draw them from the gas-receivers 48, the valves 52 being then closed.

The material drawnfrom the dischargeopenin s 16 17 is in the form of lumps, substantia l the same as before treatment in the device, t e lumps being, however, contracted in size by the drying and charring process and having assumed ahard dry conslstenc adapted for transportation and use as a fue Moreover, the treatment in the device in- 2. In a peat-oven, in combination, a closed;

structure, a furnace, a flue leading from the furnace into the chamber of the structure, a

duct leadin from the chamber of the structure, and aiood having perforated walls for the mouth of the flue.

3. In a peat-oven, in combination, a closed structure, a furnace, a flue leading from the furnace into the chamber of the structure, a duct leadin from the chamber of the structure, a hoo having perforated walls for the mouth of the flue, and meansfor inducing a circulation of heated gases from the furnace ghrough the chamber of the structure to the uct.

4. In a peat-oven, in combination, a closed structure, a furnace, a flue leading from the furnace into the chamber'of the structure, a duct leading from. the chamber of the structure, a hood having perforated walls for the mouth of the flue, a gas-receiver within the structure, and a duct leading from the receiver.

5. In a peat-oven, in combination, an inclosure for hol ing the material, a furnace within the inclosure, a housing for the furnace, a flue-opening in the housing, a hood for the opening having perforated walls, a duct leading from the inclosure, and a screen for the opening of the duct.

6. In a peat-oven, in combination, an inclosure for holding the material, a plurality of independent furnace-housings within the inclosure, a flue-opening in each of the housings, a gas-receiver having foraminous walls adjacent the heated walls of the furnacehousings, a duct leading from the receiver,-

7. In a peat-oven, in combination, a fur-' nace; a drying-chamber adjacent thereto; a gas-conduit leading from the lower part of the drying-chamber to the combustion-chamber of the furnace; a flue leading from the combustion-chamber and dischar ing into the drying-chamber above the recelving end of the conduit; and a discharge-flue leading from the drying-chamber.

8. In a peat-oven, in combination, an inclosure divided into a plurality of dryingbins and furnace-chambers located between the lower portions of the bins; a gas-receiver within each bin and between the walls of adjacent furnace-chambers; a conduit leading from each gasreceiver to a furnace-chamber; smoke-flues leading from the furnace-cham her to the bins and opening into the upper part thereof; a perforated hood inclosing the delivery end of each flue; and eductin-flues leading from the bins.

9. In a eat-oven, in combination, a furnace-cham er;-adryingbin adjacent thereto; a gas-receiver within the lower part of the bin; a perforated smoke-receiver within the bin and above the gasreceiver; a conduit leading from the as-receiver to the furnacechamber; a flue eading from the furnace-.'

chamber to the smoke-receiver; and an eduction-flue leading from the bin.

10. In a peat-oven, in combination, a furnace-chamber; a bin adjacent thereto a gasreceiver within the bin; a pair of hoods within the bin above the gas-receiver; a conduit leading from the gas-receiver to the furnacechamber; a smoke-flue leading from the furnace-chamber to one of the hoods; an eduction-passage leading from the other hood to the exterior of the oven; and means for applying suction to the passa e.

PATRICK BUCKLEY. Witnesses: I

CHARLES B. GILnsoN, LoUIs K. GILLsoN.

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