US814946A - Controlling device for motors. - Google Patents

Description

No. 814,946. PATENTED MAR. 13, 1906.

c. A. DRESSER.

CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR MOTORS.

' APPLIOATIOH-I'ILED SEPTLIZ, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENIED MAR. 13, 1906.

7 O. A. DRESSER. CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1903.

SHEETS- 8KB 2.

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CHARLES A. DRESSER, or CHICAGO; ILLINOIS, ASsIeNo roe. A. EDWARD KOHLER AND FRANKLIN W. KOHLER. or CHICAGO, IL INOIS.

CONTROLLING DEVICE [FOR morons.

Specification of Letters Patent.

:atented. March 13, 1906.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. DRESSER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinow, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Controlling Devices for Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to controlling de vices for motors, and has for its objectto provide a new and improved device of this nature.

My invention is-illustrated diagrammaticall In the accompanying drawings, wherein' igure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the controlling device, showing the various circuits. Fi 2 Is a view showing one formof main contro lin -solenoid. Fi;%. 3is a longitudinal section t erethrough. ig. 4 is a view showing one arrangement of controlling-switches. Fig.5 is a sectlon on line 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig.6 is a section on line 6 6, Fig. 4.

' Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

My present invention is particularly adapted to be used in connection with motors where his desired to control the motor from a distant pointas, for example. where the motor is used to operate printing-presses or the like; but it is of course evident that my invention may be used with motors drivin any mechanism where such control is desira le.

Referring now to the diagrammatic view, Fig. .1, I have shown a series of electromagnetic devices A, B, C, and D, .whichin the present instance are shown as solenoids adaptedv to control certain circuits. The solenoid Bmay be of any desired. construction, and I have shown one form in Fi s. 2

and 3. In this construction the solenoid is provided with a core B, to which is attached suitable brushes B", which engage a series of contacts B, to which the resistance-coils B are connected, the arrangement being such that when the core falls the resistance will be out out of the motor-circuit and when the core is lifted resistance will be cut into the motor-circuit. A second series of contacts B is associated with said brushes, and resistancecoils are associated with these contacts. Intermediate between the two sets of contacts are the dead-contacts B, which are out of circuit. When the brushes are .on these contacts, there is no circuit through the motor. Associated with the core B is a holding device, adapted to be controlled from a distant point. his holding device is arranged so as to hold the core incertain predetermined 'po* sition and may be of any suitable construc-- tion. As herein shown t consists of a mag: net or solenoid E, rovided with a core E, to which is connects an engaging pert E", pivoted to a supporting-piece E and adapted to engage notches or the like associated. with the core B. When the magnet E is energized, the core E is drawn inwardly, so as to release the core B. When the current through the magnet E is broken, the core moves outwardly and the engaging device E engages thecore B. I have shown the core B as hollow and as provided with a piston which works in a flllld, so as topr'event too a rod B, which is engaged b the core so as f to be lifted and lowered; onnected with the rod B is a piece F, to which is connected three brushes F, F, and F These brushes cooperate with contacts F, F, F, F, and F. It will be seen that by this arrangement any of the contacts ma be electrically connected with the contact I and that the connection will depend upon the position of the parts.-

The other solenoids illustrated in Fig. 1 may be of any of the ordinary ty es, and I have not illustrated them in detai Associated with the core of solenoid A are :the switches A and A, insulated from each other. The switch A completes a circuit when the core is drawn up and the switch A com letes a circuit when the core is down.

T e solenoid O is rovided with similar switches C and C he core of the solenoid D is provided with a switch D, which closes 'a circuit when the'core is drawn up. I have shown -the motor G as a compound motor; but it is of course evident that any other kmd of a motor may be used. The motoris controlled by the switches 1, 2, 3, and 4, of which I have shown two Sets. Any desired number of sets of these switches may be used, the sets being located at various points, so that the motor ma. be controlled from these various points. en it is desired to start the motor, the on Switch-that is, switch 1is o erated. This closes the circuit through t e magnet E, causing it to release the core of solenoid B, which core then drops, gradually cutting out resistance to start the motor. The first movement, however, of the core of solenoid B completes, by means of the switch at top of said solenoid, the circuit through solenoid A, causing it to draw up its core and complete the armature-circuit of the motor by means of the switch A. When it is desired to slowly stop the motor or slow it down, the off switch, or switch 2, is eratcd. This closes the circuit throu h so enoid D, which draws up its core and c oses the circuit through solenoid B. Said solenoid then draws up its core to the neutral or dead point, gradually cutting in resistance and slowing down the motor. When the neutral or dead point is reached the circuit through the motor will be broken; but I prefer to arrange the parts so that the switch at the top of solenoid B breaks the circuit through solenoid A just before the neutral point is reached, so that the core of said solenoid will drop and break the motor-circuit by means of the switch A, thus taking care of the spark.

When it is desired to suddenly stop the motor, as in the case of emergency, the emergency-switch 3 is operated. Under these conditions the motor is operating with the resistance cut out. The operation of the emergency-switch 3 opens the circuit through magnet A, allowing its coreto fall. This instantly opens the armature-circuit by the switch A and then short-circuits the armature by the switch A", and the resistance associated with the controller is in this shortcircuit. This suddenly stops the motor. The operation of this switch also closes the circuit through the solenoids B and D, causing the solenoid B- to draw up its core until it reaches the neutral or dead point.

To reverse the motor, the reversing-switch 4 is operated. This closes the circuit through the solenoid D, which draws up its core and closes the circuit through solenoid B, causing the said latter solenoid to draw u its core. The switch at the top of solenoid Bhreaks the circuit through solenoid A and closes the circuit through solenoid C, which draws up its core and completes the circuit of the motor, so that the current is reversed through the armature, and the motor is conse uently reversed. If the core B of solenoid B is arranged so that the en agin device E will not hold it when it is li ted shove the neutral point, it will be seen that the motor will run backward as long as -witch 4 is held closed and that as soon as switch 4 is open the core B will drop to the neutral point, thus stopping the motor. It is of course evident that by proper arrangement of the core B it can he locked in position by the en aging device E while the motor is running ackward, and under these conditions it is necessar to operate the switch 2 to stop the motor. Bhth switches K are normally. closed, so the cur- .ductor 2 to contact F, thence 'thro tacts F and conductors A and G to t e terminal Y. The circuit is thus completed diagrammatically in Fig. 1, it will be seen that when switch 1, is closed the circuit will be as follows: from terminal X through conductor 1 to switch K on the right, which is .then closed, thence through said switch and conductor 1 to switch K on the left, which is also closed, thence through conductor 1' to switch 1, thence by conductor 1 to magnet E,

thence by conductor 1 to the bottom contact B and thence to terminal Y. When the switch at the to of solenoid B reaches the point where the rush F engages contact F, the circuit through solenoid A is completed.

This circuit is traced as follows: from terminal X through conductor .1 to switch K, thence by conductor A to magnet A, thence by conductor A to the switch at the top of magnet B, and thence by contact F and conductor A to conductor G, and thence to terminal Y. When the core of the magnet'A is down, the. current through said magnet passes along switch A, but when said core is up it en ages said switch and lifts it so as to break t e circuit and cause the current to pass through the resistance A. These resistances cut down the current, but leave it sufficient to hold up the core. When switch 2 is operated, the circuits are traced as follows: from the terminal X through conductor 2 to ma et D, .thence by conductor 2 to said switc thence by conductor-2 to contact F at the to of solenoid B, thence to contact F and con uctors A and G to terminal Y. The magnet D bein energized by the current flowing throu this circuit draws up its core and com Tetes the circuit throu h the solenoid B, whlch circuit will be trace as follows: from terminal X through conductor 2 to switch D, thence through conductor B to solenoid B, thence through conductors B and G back to terminal Y.

When the emergency-switch 3 is closed, the switch K is opened, Fig. 6, thus opening the circuit throu h magnet A, which passes throu h the said switch K. Said magnet then. .ecomes denergized and its core iIl-' y drops, breaking the armature-circuit. circuit closed by switch 3 will be traced as follows: from terminal X through conductor 2 to the point M near switch 4, thence to switch 3, thence b conductor 3 to one of the contacts of switc 1 2, and thence by con- 1 conthrough solenoid D, which draws up its core by conductor 2 toswitch 4, thence by conductor 4 to contact F, thence to contact F", and thence by conductors A and G to terminal Y. The circuit through solenoid D is thus completed, and it draws up its core, compl'eting the circuit throu h solenoid B, heretofore traced. Solenoidthen draws u its core. The switch at the to of solenoid B then completes the circuit t on h solenoid C, said circuit being traced as fol ows: from terminal K through conductor 2 to switch D of solenoid D, thence by conductor B to the one terminal of solenoid B, thence by con ductor 0 through solenoid C to contact F 5 at the top of solenoid B, thence to contact F and thence by conductors A and G to tenninal Y. The core of solenoid C is thus drawn up, breaking the armature-circuit by switch (J and completing it by switch C, so that the switch A, thence by conductor G to the ar-.

mature of themotor, thence by conductor G to the lower right-hand contact B thence through the brushes across to the lower lefthand contact B through resistance B, and

thence by conductor G to terminal Y.

When the circuit is closed .by the switch C, the circuit through the armature is traced as follows: from terminal X through conductor G to series field-coil G, thence by conductor G to the terminal of switch A, which switch is now open, thence by conductor G to the resistance-contact B on the left, thence through the brushes connected with core B to the resistance-contact B on the right, thence by conductor G to the lower contact B on the right, thence through the resistance to the lower contact B on the right, and thence by conductor G to the armature G, and thence by conductor G to switch C, and thence by conductor G back to terminal Y. It will thus be seen that in this latter instance the current passes in a reverse direction through the armature. When the motor is running forward and the emergency-swit'ch is o erated, the armature-circuit is broken by t e switch A associated with solenoid A and disconnected from the circuit. The armature is short-circuited by switch A. The circuit through the armature in this event is traced as follows: from armature G through conductors Gand G to contact B, and thence through the resistance associated with said contacts, then to switch A, thence by conductor G to switch C, and thence by;,con-

ductor G back to the armature.

By means of this controller it will be seen-that the inotor can be reversed at a distant point.

It will further be seen that, for example, if.

the motor is running forward it cannot be then reversed until it has been stop ed and that it takes two actions under suc i'condi tions to reverse it, the first action being the operation of switch 2 and the second action being the operation of switch 4. This prevents, the motor from being suddenly reversed while runnin forward at full speed and requires it to be iirst stopped at the dead or neutral point, and hence the jar, severe arcing, and the strain which would result if the device were capable of sudden reversal are thus prevented. In other words, this IS a protective feature which prevents injury to the motor and to the device which it is driving due to carelessness of the operator in suddenly attempting to reverse the motor while it is running forward at full speed.

. As herein shown, the switch 3 is connected with the switch K; (see Figs. 4, 5, and 6,) so that when the switch 3 is closed the switch K isopened. Durin the normal operation of the device the switch K is closed and the switch 3 opened, said switch K being opened only when it is desired to suddenly stop the *motor.

1. A controlling device for motors comprising a solenoid, a core therefor provided with a contact device, a series of contacts along which said core is adapted to move, an intermediate point where said contact device normally stands when the motor is not-runnin and means for returning said contact device to said intermediate point whenmoved in either direction therefrom.

'2. 'A controllin device for motors comprising two sets 0 contacts, a contact device adapted to move therealong, an intermediate neutral contact, or contacts, engaged by said vice for controlling said contact device, two

device for motors c'omthe neutral contacts, an e ectrornagnetic de-,

switches located at a distant point, one adapted when operated to cause the contact devlce to move to the neutral point and the other ada ted when operated to move the contact devicealong the reversing-contacts; I

other for -reversing it, a neutral A controlling device for motors comprising two sets of resistance-contacts, one

for starting the motor forward and the other for reversing it, an intermediate neutral polnt, a solenold provided wlth a core, a contact device associated with said core and 5. A controlling device for motors com-- rising two sets of resistance-contacts, one or starting the motor forward and the other for reversing it, an intermediate neutral point, a contact device adapted to move along said contacts, a controlling-solenoid therefor,

a circuit-controlling device in the mot0r-cir-r cuit, a switch device controlled by said solenoid and adapted to cause the circuit-controlling device to break the motor-circuit when the contact device ismoved toward the neutralpoint. I

6. A circuit-controlling device for motors comprising two sets of resistance-contacts, one for starting the motor forward andthe point between said contacts, a contact device adapted to move alo said contacts, an electromagnetic contro ling device therefor, two electrically-controlled switchesin the motorcircuit, one adapted to be actuated when the contact is moved in one direction from the neutral point and the other adapted to be actuated when the contact is moved in the other direction from the neutral point.

7. A circuit-controlling device for -motors comprising two sets of -resistance-contacts, one for starti the motor forward and the other for reversing it, a neutral point between said contacts, a contact device adapted to move along said contacts, an electromagnetic controlling device therefor, two electncallycontrolled switchesin the motor-circuit, one adapted to be actuated when the contact -1s .moved in one direction from-the-nutral point therefor, two circuits associated with said solenoid, one adapted when closed to cause the contact device to move along the forward contacts and the other adapted when closed the reverse-contacts.

, 9. A controlling device for 'motors comrising two sets of .resistance'contacts, one or starti the motor forward and the other to cause the contact-device to move along for reversing it, an intermediate neutral point, a contact device adapted to-be moved along said contacts, a controllingsolenoid therefor, two circuits associated with said solenoid, oneadapted'when closed to cause the contact device to move along the forward contacts and the other adapted when-closed to causethe contact deviceto move along the reverse contacts, two electrically operated switches in the motor-circuit, one controlled by each of said solenoid-circuits.

10. A controlling device for motors, comprisin a'series ofresistance-contacts, a movable evice adapted -to move therealong, a controlling-solenoid for said movable device, a switch in the motor-circuit, a controllingswitch-at adistant point adapted when moved to cause the'switch in the motor circuit'to be opened and the solenoidto beener ized was to move the movable device to its initial po; sition.

CHARLES A. DRESSER.

Witnesses: EDWARD T. WRAY,

HOMER L. KRAFT.

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