US814162A

US814162A - Electric incandescent lamp.

Info

Publication number: US814162A
Application number: US13616002A
Authority: US
Inventors: William J Phelps
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1902-12-22
Filing date: 1902-12-22
Publication date: 1906-03-06
Anticipated expiration: 1923-03-06

Description

PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906.

W. J. PHELPS. ELECTRIC INGANDESGBNT LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED DEOJZZ, 1902.

Jllzhedded: I

V H 'L. (BMW UNITEDT s'rA'rEs PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM J. Pi ELPs, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ELECTRIC INCANZDESCENT LAMP.

No.,814,1t32.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6, 1906.

Application filed December 22, 1902. Serial No. 136,160.

To all whom it may concern: V

Be it known that I, WILLIAM J. PHELPS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Detroit, county of Wayne, and

'State of Michi an, have invented certain filaments designed to emit light of varying intensity such as described in prior Letters Patent of the United Statesgranted to me, No. 603,705, May-10, 1898.

The present improvement seeks to provide an effective arrangement of the separate filaments within the lamp which Wlll prevent short-circuiting between them and which will allow the employment of filaments of high efficiency, but prevent them from droopmg. A fprther object is to improve the arran ement, of the leading-in wires, which Will acilitate the manufacture and, in particular, the exhausting of the lamp. I

The invention consists in the features of construction and arrangement of parts set forth the following description, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims. In the drawings, Figure lis a side elevation of the improved form of lamp." Fig. 2 is I an elevation taken at an an 1e to the view, shown in Fig; 1 and" with t e base of the lam in section. T e base of the lamp may be of anywellknown or desired t e and adaptedto be used with any suitab e form of lamp-holder. .To illustrate the present improvement, the Edison type of lamp-base is shown, which com rises a screw-shell 10; which forms one of t e lamp-terminals for the reception of current from the lamp-holder and which support within its outer end the glassivacuumulb' 11, held in position by suitable composition filling v12. Aninsulating disk 13, of porcelain or other suitable material, mounted within the. inner end of screw-shell, carries 'a central contact in the form of a tubular,

uni n14, which passes through a central openm in the disk and is flanged *at either end to hold it securely in position. A bent springmetal piece 15 is clamped to the face of disk 13 ,by the upper flanged end of the tubular rivet '14, but is insulated from the latter by a suitable washer 16. The metal piece 15 forms the second terminal of the lam and engages the central terminal of the ampho der for the reception of current therefrom. As shown, the upper end of the lamp-terminal 15 extends above and normally out of engagement with the contact 14, but may be depressed into engagement with such contact y any suitable meansas, for example, when the lamp is secured completely intp its holder.

Preferably two

filaments

17 and 18 of different candle-power are employed within the vacuum-bulb 1 1 the large or high-power fila- -ment being arranged-belowthe small or low power filament 18. The filaments are con- .nected to lamp-terminal 15 by leadingin "wire 22, while the joined ends of the filaments are connected to the contact 1 This =latter connection is preferably formed of two leading-

inwires

23 and 24, twisted together and connected, respectively, to the

filaments

17 and 18 for the purpose hereinafter stated.

The lamp is designed for use with an elecstant potential, and preferably the large or high-power filament 17 is 'of lower resistance er unit of length than the small low-power filament 18. If the current is caused to flow from lam -terminal 15-to lamp-terminal 10, as Whent e lamp is screwed partially to its holder, the current will flow through both filaments in series, and filament 18 willalone glow with, for example, one-candle power, while filament 17 will act as a relatively dark and dead resistance, cutting down the amount of current used. When, however, springterminal 15 is depressed into engagement with contact 14, as when the lamp is screwed completely into its holder, filament 18 will be short circuited, and the current will flow through filament 17 alone, which will glow with the full candle-power of the lamp-for example, sixteen-candle power. The parts thus far described may be widely varied without departure from the essentials of the present invention. and terminals may be adapted to any suitable lamp-holder, and the modification of the flow of current to the separate filaments may be effected .in any suitable manner. electrical connections and arrangement of the filaments ma also be varied.

In'singleament lam s an efficient length of thin filament is usua 1y provided by emtric lighting-current of constant or fairly 0on too The lamp base The Y ploying a filament with a single coil and preventing its drooping by connecting the coil by an anchor with the mount; but with the double-filament lamp an anchor to the large 17 in the elongated or pear-shaped bulb 11,

is likewise provided with a double helical coil, as most clearly shown, to obtain" the desired length of efficient thin filament and to revent it drooping into engagement with the arge filament.

1n the manufacture of the lamps the stem or support 20, to which the filaments are attached, is provided in sealing the stem with a flattened end, as shown, so that the extremeends of the filaments or the short platinum mounts therefor sealed in the end of the stem necessarily lie in the same plane. By thus flattening the end of the lamp for sealing this -'-L part may be conveniently manufactured by the machinery now employed for manufacturing ordinary lamps; but with a doublefilament lamp the extreme ends of the filaments are necessarily brought into close relation near the flattened end of the stem. To give the maximum distance between the legs of the filaments and insure that the legs shall diverge to prevent short-circuiting between them, the central portions or coils of the

filaments

17 and 18 are arranged at an angle to each other and in different planes, preferably at a right angle to each other, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This insures that the adjacent legs of the separate filaments shall diverge from one another outwardly from the end of the lamp-stem 20, so that there isFno or danger that they Will come in contact. the same pur ose the coils of the separate filaments 17 an 18 are twisted in opposite directionsthat is to say, one of the coils is twisted toward the ri ht and the other to the left, as most clearly shown in Fig. 1. By such an arrangement the separate legs of the filaments diverge from the stem of the lamp in opposite directions.

The object of preventing short-circuiting by engagement between the legs of the fi'la ment may be attained either by arrangin the coils of the separate filaments at an ang e to each other or by twistingthe coils in op 'osite directions, and while preferably bot ar-- rangements are employed either one only would fall within the scope of the present in vention.

The above-described mechanical arrangement of the filaments has been found effective in use with lighting-currents as high as one hundred and twenty-five or one hundred Low-power filament 18, arranged above the high-power filament and thirty volts and may of course be satisfactorily employed with currents of-lower voltage.

' By employing two leading-in

wires

23 and 24, twisted together to connect the filaments,

instead'of a single connection to the joined 4 end of the filament, as previously employed, the manufacture of the lamp-stems by machinery instead of by hand is greatly facilitated. Moreover, the

wires

23 and 24 are not twisted together or connected to the lamp-base until after the lamp has been pumped i. a, until after'the vacuum has been formed in the glass bulb. 11. While umping incandescent lamps. the filament is circumstances, by passing a current through it, which by reason ofthe' so-called Edison efiect a :more perfect vacuum, is formed. 11npumping multifilament -la'm it has been found desirable in order that t e Edison effect shall be undisturbed: to pass-the current separate throughthe filaments, first through one and then through the other. By providing eachfilament with two leading-1n wires (four independent Wires for the two filaments in the present instance) the current may be readily passed through the filaments separately and. a more gerfec-t vacuum found than when only three eading-in wires are provided for the two filaments, as in prior construction. After pumping, leading-in wires 23 and '24 are twisted together'to connect the filaments and the proper connection made with the lamp-base.

' Variations from the construction set forth may be readily made without departure from the essentials of the invention.

Having described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1 Y 1; An electric incandescent lamp comprising a single vacuum-bulb", a stem projecting Within said bulb and having a flattened end and two incandescent filaments,-the ends of which are attached to said stem in substantially the same plane, said filaments comprising leg portions which diverge from said stem and central portions arranged one above the other'and at an angle to each other in different planes.

2'. An electric incandescent lamp comprising a single vacuum-bulb, a'stem projecting saidfbu'lb and-having a flattened end and two incandescent filaments, the ends of which are attached to said stem in substantially the same plane, said filaments comprising leg portions which diverge-from said stem and central ortions formed into =coils arranged one a 'ove the other and in different planes.

3. An electric incandescent lamp comprising a single vacuum-bulb, two filaments supported within said bulb" with the centralportions of one supported above that of the eated' to varying intensities, according to I other,-and a stem having a flattened end to which the ends of the filaments are attached in substantially the same plane, the central portions of said separate filaments being 5 formed into coils twlsted in opposite directions.

4. electric incandescent lamp comprising a single vacuum-bulb, two filaments supported Within said bulb with the central porro tions of one supported above that of the other, and a stem having a flattened end to which the ends of the filaments are attached in substantially the same plane, the central portions of said separate filaments being ormed into coils twisted in opposite directions and arranged at angles to each other and in different planes.

. WILLIAM J. PHELPS.