US811706A - Apparatus for generating gas. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED FEB. 6, 1906.

B. E. BLDRBD dz 0. ELLIS.

APPARATUS FOR. GENERATING GAS.

APPLICATION FILED 35.21; 1905 INVENTURS WITNESSES IQ ularly to the kind known as water-gas.

UNI ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BYRON EELDRED AND oiiennron ELLIS, or new YORK, N. Y., nssrenoas TO COMBUSTION UTILITIES COMPANY, on NEW YORK, N. Y. AECORPO- RATION OF NEW YORK,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 6, 1906.

Application filed February 21, 1995; Serial r. 246,783.

To all whom it may concern: 7 Belt known that we, BYRON E. ELDBED and V CARLETON ELL-Is,citizens of the United'States,

and residents of New York city, in the county of New York-and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gas, of whic the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas, and partic- The large amount of carbon monoxid which ordinary carbureted water as contains has caused it to be objectionab e for domestic purposes, owing to the poisonous charactor of the carbon monoxid, and many attempts have been made to cha' e its co titution and reduce the content ocarbon 0- noxid Without serious] afi'ectingits illuminating quality. successful u to the present time, and as a solution of this problem methods areflhereinaf ter set forth in this application for thefproduction of a gas containing alless amount of carbon monoxid than that present in watergas. a

The apparatus constituting this invention involves a method of manufacturing as for natingpurposes. Owingto thehigh tempera-;

power or illuminating urp'oses' whic .consists in the admixture o 'water gas with pro ducer-gas. If the gas is to'be used for power purposes, enriching or carburetin is'unnecessary. Producengas as ordinal-i y made by the injection of a mixture of air and steam into a deep mass of incandescent coal is quite unsatisfactory for use in this'way for-{illumiture, the volatile hydrocarbons of the coal are largely destroyed in the sis-producer, and;

the gas, as a consequence, as little or no illuminatm power. For power purposes,"e$pe cially w ere anthracite coal or coke is used,

hydrogen is added to the gas. For this pun pose we make use of apparatus for the generation of producer-gas 1n which we employ as the endothermic or cooling constituent in the air-blast supplied to the producer a regulated amount of carbon dioxid. The gas made in this manner is mixed with waterureter or after its exit 'om the superheater or at any convenient point. 1. i

Our invention comprises apparatus for the generation of producer-gas by means of a a regulation and Such e orts' have not proveddraft-current su plied to the roducercontaining carbon ioxid derived ronrany suitable sounce; a

It comprises a Water-gas apparatus consisting of generator, carburetor, and superheater.

it also largely comprises mechanical draft appliances for impelhng the various gaseous currentsthrough the system, also Various conduits,- flues dampers, and valves for the adjustment of the relative proportions of the gases "entering into the re actions. p p

In the accompanying diagrammatic drawing, 1' is a water-gas generator connected by pipe 6 to carburetor 2, which in turn 18 connectbd by pipe 7 to s'uperheater 3.; 4 iso gas producer of the type above specified. At 5 is shown a steam-boiler. A pipe 8 leads from superheater 3't'o the gas-main 10, which it'entrsat 9; The producer 4 is also connected with the gas-main 10' byv pipe 11 A branch pipe 13 establishes connection between gasproducer 4 and water-gas generator 1. V a ment of theflow of gases. from generator 1 to gas-mainlO. Valves 17 and 40 in; ipes lfi end S,=respectively, are used for ad- 'ustment olitho'amounts of carbureteduan uncarbureted water-gas 'enterm 10. V 0

18 is an'air-pipe for admittmfilair to generetor 1,119 being a valve contro 'ngtlns supply.

s 20 1s 'boi'ler- 5 to generator 1, entermg at 21' and havinglthe valve 221 the stack of the steani-boilerB with the fan '25. .The outlet or ressure side of the fan is "connected with pro ucer 4 at 27 bfy means of the pipe 26. 'On the inlet side 0 the fan is placed the air-inlet pipe 29. Valves 28, 30, p and 31 controlthe volume of the gas andair passing through these different esh u 32 is a pi e connecting the ashit of steamlioiler 5 wit the outletipe of fen-blower 25. An adjusting-valve is s own at 33. An outletipe 34 isshownon superhcater 3, through whichdepart the products of the blow. A damper is shown n this pi ie at 35. A pipe 36 connects exit-pipe 34 wit pipe 23 at points 37 and 3S, res ectively.

39 is a'reg sting-valve.

Our method of operation'is as 'follows:'The

pipe 23 connects v a Realm-pipe running frorn steainwater-gas system comprising the generator,

' carbureter, and superheater l, 2, and 3, re-

spectively, is operated in the usual well-known mannw-that is to say, a doe bed of ignited fuel is blasts j'rltelmittent y with air and thenwithstea ,the air-blast and products of oombustiqn therefiom being used to heat the carbdretera'nd snperheater while the gas produced in the steam-blast is carbu'reted b'y passage through the carburetor with the addition therein ofioil or other illuminant, whereupon the gas enters the superheater and is subject- 7 ed to a sufiiciently high temperature to convert the illumin-ants nto a permanent gaseous form. The gas so made is conducted to the as-main 10'. In the gas-producer 4 is carried a deep bed of fuel, preferably bituminous coal, and thisnnass of fuel having been brought to a state of ignition in any suitable way the fan-blower is operated so as to introduce into ,and pass through this mass roducer are reduced to carbon monoxid. he carbon dioxid in splitting up into car- ,bon= monoxid absorbs heat and reduces the a j te'm erature oi the producer.

As carbon dioxi splits up easily at low temperatures and as this temperature of decomposition is much lower. than that possible with steam, it is evident that the producer may be run on a much lower temperature plane than that ossible with a steam-operated producer. a

his reduction in temperature prevents the decomposition of hydrocarbons and also their polymerization into tarry bodies, and thus delivers from the producer a as ricli in these illuminating constituents. This 'as is preferably taken throu h pipe 11 to t e gas-main 10, where it is subsequently scrubbed in the manner customary with water or retort gas. In some cases it is desirable to pass the gas throu h the mass of fuel in generator} and to car uret it and superheat it in the manner similar to the treatment resorted to with water-gas to improve its luminosity. An alternative is to pass the producer-gas through the generator 1 and out through me 16 to t e gas-main 10. The products 0 combustion arising from generator 1 during the air-blow ing period orflblow prior to the admission of steam coutain'a considerable amount of carbondioxid which may be used .in the gas producer.

into producer 4.

,Abonnection is shown for the passage of stack gas and air through pipe 32 to the in each case.

For this purpose the pipe 36 is.- ,shown allowing the passage of these products o combustion through pipe 23 and fan 25 steam-boiler5 to operate this boiler under the process above mentioned.

The best mixture of producer-gas and'wator-gas we find to be in the proportions of one of t e former to three of the latter. The introduction in this manner into the watcregas of a certain amount of nitro en does not, as would be the case ordinarily, act deleteriously on the illuminating power of the as. The richness of the producer-gas in by rooarbons, provided a coal containing an abundaims of volatile matter is used, largely compensates for the -:.prescnce of nitrogen, the calorific and illuminating powers approximating closely to that of pure water-gas. From one ton of'coal only about fifty thousand cubic feet of watergas can begenerated, while from our producer one ton of coal yields nearly one hundred and fifty thousand cubic feet of gas. We find that the mixture of one to three above mentioned to be suitable where the average run of soft coal is used; but the proportioning of the relative amounts of the two constituents is large] ya matter of experiment, owing to the variations in the fuel used With the proportions above mentioned a saving of from twent '-five per cent. to thirty er cent. results in t e cost of manufacture o illuminating-gas.

What we claim is 1. Apparatus for generating illuminatinggas consisting of a water-gas generator and carburetor, a gasproducer, means for supplyingcarbon dioxid and air to said gas-' producer, means for regulating the relative amounts of the carbon dioxid and air, and

. means for mixing the water-gas and producergas in giredetermjned amount. i

2. pparatus for generating illuminatinggas consisting of a water-gas generator and carburetor, a gasproducer, a steam-boiler furnace, means for supplying carbon dioxid from said steam-boiler, and air to said gasproducer, means for regulatin the relative amounts of the carbon dioxir and air, and means for mixing'the Water-gas and producergas in predetermined amount.

3. Apparatus for generating illuminatinggas consisting of a water-gas generator and carburetor, a gasproducer, means for supplying the products bf combustion to the airblow and air to said gas-producer, means for regulating the relative amounts of the carbon dioxid and air, and means for mixing the water-gas and producer-gas in predetermined amount.

Signed at New York citv, in the county of New York and State'ofNew Yorl thisAth day of February,- A. D. 1905.

BYRON E. ELDRED. GARLETON sLL1s.

Witnesses: M. F. MAUGELSDORFF,

A. M. SENIOR.

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