US811226A - Lightning-arrester. - Google Patents

Description

Ne, 811,226. PATENTED JAN. 30, 1906.

W. G. JONES. LIGHTNING ARRESTER.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 7, 1901.

aws g5 chinery,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- DANIELS COMPANY,

WALTER CLYDE JONES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO (JrARTON- OF KEOKUIQ IOWA, A CORPORATION OF IOWA.

LIGHTNING-ARRESTER.

Patented Jan. 30, 1906.

Application filed December 7, 1901. Satin-1N0. 85,082.

the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in protective devices designed to guard electrical apparatus, and especially d ynamo-electric mafrom the destructive effects of lightning discharges and excessive currents in light and power circuits. It has. particular reference to that class of arresters or protective devices that employ electromagnets respcnsive to an excess flow of current in the arrester branch to open or otherwise afiect the circuit and thereby cause a cessation of current in the said branch. In devices of this type the operating-magnet is ordinarily shunted bya non-inductive resistance to permit the lightning or similar discharge to pass around the same, as the magnet has an impeding effect upon the discharge and at the same time is liable to be burned out and destroyed thereby. It has also been the practice to place a resistance in series with the lighting-arrester beyond the point of juncture of the said multiple branches to cut down the current flowing through the magnet to thereby prevent the same from being too violently actuated upon the passage of a discharge, as

otherwise the magnet would attract its core with such force as to break the insulatingbase upon which the same is mounted, said ase being usually made of slate, porcelain, or the like. The practical embodiment of this form of protector or arrester now employed comprises a graphite rod suitably connected in the circuit of the arrester branch by terminals at its ends and a further contactterminal located intermediate its ends and ordinarily placed nearer the grounded end of the rod. The operating-magnet is then connected between the intermediate terminal and the line end of the rod, whereby there results a portion of the graphite rod in parallel with the operating-magnet and the remainder of the rod in series in the ground branch, or, in other words in series with both branches. This plamhoweverdias its practical objections.

The series portion of the rod obliged to carry the whole current of the branch, and thus in time becomes overheated and changes its character and deteriorates and disintegrates. It is also a difiicult matter, if not impossible, to secure a contact with graphite that does not in time become defective when carrying a large amount of current, such as accompanies a lightning discharge. The result is that the whole rod must after a period of use be thrown away and a new one substituted when only the one end is defectivethat is, the series end, which has been subjected to the greater work by having to carry all the current, while the shunt end has to carry only a shunted portion of the current.

My invention is designed to overcome these objections and to provide an improved form ofarrester in which the graphite resistance shall not be subjected to such powerful currents and in which the current therethrough isuniform from end to end, whereby the'rod 'is capable of long life and uniform deterioration, the expense of maintenance and repairs being thereby greatly reduced.

Other and numerous advantages will appear from the detailed description.

In the drawings, in which the same reference characters represent like parts throughout, Figure 1 isa front elevation of an arrester or protector embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a side view thereof. Fig. 3 is a front elevation showing some of theoperativeparts in section, the resistance in series in the coil branch consisting of a coil of wire rather than a graphite rod. Fig. 4 illustrates a diagram of the device of Fig. l, and Fig. 5 is a like view of the modification of Fig. 3.

I have illustrated my invention in connection with a well-known type of arrester for the purpose of explanation, and it will be understood that myinvention is equally applicable to other forms of arr-esters.

In the figures, (1 denotes an insulating-base, preferably of slate, on which the other parts of the arrester are mounted. These comprise the electrodes 1) b, of carbon or other suitable materiahseparated by a small air-space to form the spark-gap and mounted in brackets 0 c, set-screws or binding-screws d d being employed to secure them'i'igidly in position. The lower brackets c has aportion a, serving as a binding-post to receive the ground branch g.

l A fiber tube or other suitable insulating-tube said tube and capable through tne coil. oi the m1 so that upon the falling ol' the core as soon as and is carried at its upper end in the similar the magnet is deencrgiZe-d the circuit will bracxet f. The electrode 7/ is adapted to fit 5 again he opened at the electrodes and the 111-- Within the lower end of the fibiir vtube I, and strninent is in position to actin the same vmy c is mounted at the lower end in the bracket w both may he fixedly seenrolin. the bracke 1" upon the passage of ano her discharge. ln 7 by the set-screw A magnet-coil i1 crrorder to cut down the cure-en A he magnet meal 11 on and surrounds the tube and is r and to avoid using); one end ol' white p 1 i adapted to actuate a core it, loceteo within rod nsin the constructions-hove to l of morin'g longitud'i- 5 place at resistance 0, which may he of the some nally'therein. The core is adapted to nor 1 material as" the rod 1', in the magnet branch. as 75' Inally rest upon the upper end of electrode l1, shown in Figs, 1 and +1. By this means the shownin The corecnrries h rod g magnet not subjected to :1 larger current extencling from its upper end out at the top than it cnn ss'l'el tend and the sruldenness of the tube (5, this Deletion may he rcudil ednnd force of its o brass thou h other met. 'nste l. v run. crnentalso neither rod 50 7 i7 0 I Upon the onsea at one snle oit e t reeei ne irce or tne'crn'rent so that non-inductive resistance 1'11, nich' 'nhh car-palate along hie and. the conn graphite red, is mounted in suit: term "swath do not dctcriornte nel or contact clips or hrztc'hets k the suY rod is incnpnole of brackets being udnpted to he se 'nre l nc 1S replaced without ref; 5

said base by screws in tl lower oneheing' post and sci'en .l to recei-w tl r from the line or circuit to Another resis-slnnce her or mounted in suit-Able tern are formed in l. hurl; used, the coil. ousl placed he or connectors are pieced :1 two in th" nnu net and the grouruling so that the V'urious pin {hie i i t El the in c ,i will protect i. from the lightnin coil is connected by wire 1 wits hr dischnr 'lhis resistance inn he of line Z' and the other end by Wire withrcs wire or high resistance end if prclcreln 0 the Wire x joining u to hrncliet while \roundnpon uporcelninorinsulntediron cor conductor 5 extends to the point or up rturc the Whole then hein cwered with. porcein the base. From this point-n lie 'r lo wire lain err i nconnects the wire Z to the end ot the rod /l' ncr.

The electric circuits of this form are shown in Fin; 5 is shown l" more clearly in Fig. The live wire w is the -1Q11 the one L connected by n hrench w with the hindi post Z' on the hose-plate ol' the nrrester. lightning or similar discharge on the lit w will seek the path t rough it" post A", rod wi es t 1*? rod /l., core A, electrode b, thence jumping across the air-, p to electrode 1/, and thence or ch to ground. 6 Although the resis nce rod /lis h i it is u n0n-induetive in cher ester, and the dischzv'e'e Wlll pass through it in prelc i n YLED tio'n described n :nid den inductive and oliers imp a-lnnce to the passage of the d'sclmfge. soon as the arc is e tuhlished :icross the sperl V n compare- 1 tively low resistuncc-rurth the linc-currcm l is furnished and it ntonce follows the path of the discharge in large rolhrnci This cnrrenh however, being continuous in clnzrncter will j pass through magnet /1/ more freely. 'ihe magnet or SOll1()l(l will become energized, oi innons mum-c t non drawing up its'core end lifting the core inductive resistance n one of said from contact with the electrode 6. thus opcnpaths, and en zrrrestc en inductim 5 ing' the circnitnnd stopping the lion' ol' curresislnnce :1 er pzttln suh rent in the branch from the line through the stnntinlly us described.

instrument to ground. The llow of current 23. in :1 lightning-Mr er; the combination being stopped, the arc between lhc electrodes with two continuous paths for the (uncut oi l) and ceuses or is sun-veil oln. o to spunk. non-imlnctiw resistance arranged in 5 oil *3 and en ei'rester-coil end a 1 sistrengzed the other with said list 108 being located between the urand the ground, whereby the re- "Wil psotects the Miester-coil from set of lightning discharges.

iig'htning-nrrestei', the combination with two continuous paths for the current of nphi to red constituting a non-inductive rece located in one of said paths, an m:- i'ester-eoil and an inductive resistance located in the other path, substantially as described. 5. in s lightning-arrester. the combination with two continuous paths for the current, of

'5 an m'rester-coil and an inductive resistance 10- ested in one of said paths, a pair of clamping devices and a graphite iesistsnce-iod el'ainiped tierein, said clamps and graphite rod constituting it part of the second parallel pnth substantially as described.

1 nd lightningen'iestei' the combination with arcing electrodes, of an eirrester-coih e roster-coil, and a resistance in series with said coil.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two Witnesses.

WALTER CLYDE JUNES.

Witnesses:

M. R. Roonnonn,

ROBERT Lewis Amas.

non-inductive sesistence in shunt oi said sir-

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