US810495A - Gas-engine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 810,495. PATENTED JAN. 23, 190

W. G. MILLER. GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.30, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR ATTORNEYS PATENTED JAN. 28, 1906.

W. G. MILLER. GAS ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.30,1905.

4 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

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ATTORNEYS No. 810,495. PATENTED JAN. 23, 1906.

W. G. MILLER.

GAS ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.30,1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WlT/VESSES:

[/VVE/VTOR. 7446: Jill Zer A I! I M ATTORA/EKS No. 8103195. PATENTED JAN. 23, 1906. W. e. MILLER; GAS ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.30,1905.

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INVENTOR 74. Miller A TTOH/VEKS WILLIAM GEORGE MILLER, OF WEST hlED'WA-Y, MASSACHUSETTS.

GAS-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent:

Patented Jan. 23, 1906.

Application flied-March so, 1905. Serial No. 252,937.

To all whom it incl/y concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM Gnoaen MIL- LER, residing at West Medway, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usei'ni improve ments in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a-specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in'gas-engines of the'twocycle type; and it primarily seeks to provide an engine of this character of a very simple and economical construction which will readily and effectively serve its intended purposes and in which all of the Working parts of the engine are located within the'engine-casing.

The invention also seeks to provide an en-' gine in which the inlet and exhaust ports to piston and in which independent means are provided for closing the exhaust-ports before the new charge of working agent passes into the explosion-chamber and just after the exploded mixture has passed out of said chamber, thereby preventing any new charge passing out of the exhaust-ports with the exploded mixture. I

- In its more subordinate nature my invention includes special .means for positively operating the independent exhaust-port-closing means and also the working-agent-inlet valve for the explosion-chamber.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for automatically drawing a supply of oil into the casing to thoroughlylubricate the moving parts.

Generically my improved engine comprises a casing including a crank-chamber portion and a piston-chamber portion, a piston reciprocally movable in the piston-chamber, a crank in the crank-chamber, a piston-rod connecting the piston with the crank, an inlet-valve carried by the piston for passing the working agentxinto the explosion-chamber of the easing, a supplemental valve carried by the piston for closing the explosion-chamber exhaustports, means mounted within the casingfor operating both piston-valves automatically.

means for locking the eXhaust-port-closng valve at times, and means for drawing oil into the casing to oil or lubricate the moving parts.

With other objects in view than have heretofore been enumerated and which will here inafter be made apparent, the invention'also includes certain novel combination and arrangemcnt of parts, all of which will be first described in detail and then specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying'drawings, in which Figure 1 18 a perspective view of my invention; Fig. 2 Isa longitudinal section thereof,

showing: the position of'the parts when the engine is operating under an exploded charge. Fig. 8 is a'similar view showing the position of the parts just after the exhaustports have been uncovered. Fig; 4 is a similar view showing the position of the parts immediately after the exhaust-ports have been covered' up by the supplemental piston-valve. Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the, position assumed by the parts when the inlet-valve of ;the piston has been opened. Fig. 6 is a ver- 'tical cross-section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a cross-section on the line 7 of Fig.3, the explosion-chamber are controlled by the 3. Fig. 8 is a perspective View, partly in section, of the piston and its cooperating valve- 5 members. ing devices for holding the supplemental piston-valve to its locked position. 5 detail view hereinafter specifically referred to.

Fig. 9 is a detail view of the lock- Fig. 11 is a detail view of the cam and latch 3 devices hereinafter referred to.

Referring now to the accompanying drawsections, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. Mounted in suitable bearings on the crank-casing'3 is a crank or drive shaft 6, whose crank port ion -7-rotates within-the casing 3.

Reciprocally mounted in the cylinder 2 is a piston 8 of tubular i'orm, having one end closed by a diaphragm 9, which diaphragm 9 is centrally apertured, as at 10, to permit passage of the stem 15 of the valve 14:; The diaphragm 9 is also provided on its outer face with avalve-seat 11 and is apertured, as at 12, to permit passage of the working agent there-v through when the valve 14 is ofi its seat in a manner presently more fully explained.

The piston 8 toward its closed end or headis provided with a portion 13 of reduced diameter to receive the ring or rim 17 of the supplemental valve. 16, which ring or rim 17 is split, as at 18, to permit proper expansion orcontraction thereof, due to the heat within the working cylinder- Fig. 10 is a The valve 16 is open at the top, as at 19 19, on each side of a transverseweb 20, which carries a central stem 21, which passes through the stem of the valve 14, the valve-stem 15 being made tubular to receive the stem 21, as

and the, said piston-rod 23 is connected withthe piston 8 by a short stub-shaft 25, held hearings in the piston-wall.

26 designates a tubular rod having an anglearm 27 at its outer end, which is provided with a segmental portion 28, bent at right angles to the arm 27, which segmental portion 28 is slotted, as at 29, to receive the pin30 on the tubular stem 15 of the valve 14. The rod 27 passes through a bearing 36 on the piston-rod 23 and is provided with a collar 38, between which and the bearings 36 a coil-spring 37 is placed to force the rod 26 normally-downward. At its lower end the rod 26 is provided with a heel 31, projected at right angles thereto, which is adapted to be engaged at predetermined times by a cam 32 on a shaft 33, mounted in the walls of the casing 3, which shaft 33 is provided with a pinion 34-, which meshes with a gear 35 on the crankshaft 6.

' Mounted within therod 26 for independent longitudinal movement therein is a second rod 39, which is provided with an angled arm 40, having a segmental portion 41 at right angles to the arm 40 and parallel to the portion 28 of the rod 26, which segmental portion 41 is provided with a slot 42 to' receive the stud or pin 43, carried by the stem 21 of the valve 16. At its lower end the rod 39 is provided with a right-angled heel 45, similar to the one 31 of the rod 26, which heel is adapted to cooperate with a second cam 46,0n the shaft 33 in a manner presently more fully explained. The

, tubular shaft 26 is provided with a slot 44 at its lower end to permit th'erod 39 being forced upwardly within the rod 26 to operate the valve 16.

47 designates a latch mounted on the bearing portion 24'of the piston-rod, which is adapted to engage the lug 45 when the valve 16 is in its normal position 'to hold the said valve 16 in its normal position on the piston 8. The latch 47 is slidably mounted in'bear'. ings 48 and spring-pressed to itsIocking' positi-on by a spring 49.

50 designates'an arm carried by the latch 47,.Which projects in the path of a supplemental cam portion 51 on the shaft 34, so that K the latch-47 will be disengaged from the lug 45 just prior to the time when the cam 46 engages the stud 45 to raise the rod 39 in a manner presently more fully explained. i

52 designates the intake-valve for the easing 3, through which the working agent is admitted to the casing 3 from the source of supply, the said intake-valve beinga one-way valve and adapted to open inwardly to admit theworking agent to the casing 3, while it will close to prevent the exit of the working agent from the casing 3.

53 53 designate oil-cups which communicate with the interior of the cylinder 2 at such point that when the valve 16 operates the oil will be drawn into the pockets 54, formed in the piston when the valve 16 operates to close the exhaust-ports 5 of the cylinder 2.

A counterweight 55 on the crank-shaft is provided to counterbalance the weight of the piston, the piston-rod, and their carried parts.

Operation: Assume the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 2, the casing 3 being filled with working agent and theexplosionchamber of the cylinder 2 being filled with a charge of exploded mixture, the piston moving in the direction of the arrow, the. valve 14 being closed, and the valve 16 being seated the stud 45 of the rod 39 and raises the said rod, thereby projecting the valve 16 beyond the end of the piston 8 and covering up. the exhaust-ports 5, it being understood that just prior to the time the cam 46 engages the stud 45 the supplemental cam portion 51 will release the latch 47, as before explained. The parts are now in the position shown in Fig. 4. As soon as the valve 16 has closed the exhaust-ports 5 the cam 32 engages the stud or heel 31 of the rod26, raising the rod 26, and thereby opening the valve 14 to allow the compressed working agent from the casing 3 to enter the explosion-chamber, and the'parts are now in the position shown in Fig. 5. As soon as the working cylinder has its explosionchamber-filled with a' 'new charge the heel 31 passes out of the sphere of action of the cam chamber 54. As the piston starts on its upstroke the new chargeof. working agent in 32'and the spring 37 returns the valve 14 to "its closed position, it-being understood that 120.

tion,

the explosion-chamber will be compressed, and as the piston reaches the limit of its stroke upwardly the ring 16 will again be seated in its normal position on the piston 8, as shown in Fig. 2, while the latch 47 will engage the stud i5 and lock the valve 16 in such position, the oil from the chamber 5 1 being forced out of the chamber 54 through the slits between the ends of the split ring 17. To aid in returning the valve 16 to its normal position on the piston 8, I provide adjustable stops 56 57 in the end of the working cylinder 2, which are adapted to the piston moves upwardly. As soon as the piston has reached thelimit of itsstroke in the upward direction the compressed charge in the explosion-chamber is exploded to force the piston downwardly and repeat the operations just explained. The oil from the oilcups 53 when it is drawn in by the movement of the valve 16 serves tolubricate the interior of the Working cylinder, the oil gradually gravitating downwardly into the crank-casing 3, in which a suificient amount of oil is allowed to accumulate, so. that the shaft 33, together with its cams 32 46 and its pinion 34, will run in oil and so that the bearing 2& and the crank 7 will pass through the oil during a portion of its stroke, so as to automatically lubricate such parts.

position (shown inFig. 1) passes through the split portion 18 of the ring 17 into the explosion-chamber, collects onthe top of the piston 8 and in the spaces 19 19, and serves to lubricate the stem 21, as Wellas to lubricate the stem 15 and valve 14, the oil dripping down onto the stud-shaft 25, and the cooperating bearing of "the piston-rod 23 serves to automatically lubricate the said bearing of thepiston-rod. .It will he therefore seen that all the parts of my improved engine are auto inatioally lubricated by oil from the oil-clips 53. A draw-off cook 58 may be provided for drawing off the excess oil from the casing 3, if desired.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that 1 have provided a very simple and effectively-operating engine in which, the exhaust-ports are positively closed before the new charge enters the explosion-chamber and also in which means are provided for automatically lubricating thevarious operative parts of the engine..- It is also thought that from the foregoing the complete operaconstruction, and many advantages of my inventionwillbe readily understood by those skilled in the art to which it appertains, and while I have shown. and described the respective rods 39 and 26 the one within the other yet the said rods may be made without engagement with each other and simply disposed parallelly to one another, as shown dia- "grammatically in. Fig. 10. The, are upon be engaged by the valve 16 as The oil forced out of the pockets said piston adapted to .draw the 54 when the valve 16 is returned to its normal agent into the said other compartment during plosion-chamber,

which the slots 29 and 42, respectively, are f rmed are concentricwith the axis of the stub-shaft 25 to allow for the lateral movement of the piston-rod 23 during the operation of the engine.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patcut, is-

1. An engine comprising a casing, a piston l reciprocally movable therein and dividing the casing into two compartments, one of said compartments forming the explosion-chamber, an inlet-valve to the other compartment, said piston adapted to draw the working agent into the said other compartment during one portion of its'stroke, said casing having piston-controlled exhaust-ports for the explosionchamber, means carried by the piston forpass ing the working agent into the explosion: chamber from the other chamber, and means. carried by the piston for closing the exhaust ports in advance of the admission of said working agent, substantially'as shown and described.

2. An engine comprising a casing, a piston reciprocally movable therein and dividing the easing into two compartments, one of said compartments forming the explosion-chamher, an inlet-valve to theother compartment-,-

Working 5 one portion of its stroke,'said casing having piston-controlled exhaust-ports for the "ex-1 means carried the pistonfor chamber from the'other chamber, means car ried by the piston for closing the exhaust port in advance of the admission of said work ing agent, and means mounted within the casing for automatically operating said firstmentioned piston-carried means. i I

3. An engine comprisinga casing, a piston reciprocally movable therein, and dividing the easing into two compartments, one .of said compartments forming the explosion-cham- "1 10 her, an inlet-valve to the other compartment, said piston adapted to draw the working agent into the said other compartment during one portion of its stroke, said casing having piston-controlled exhaust-ports. for the explosion-chamber, means carried by the piston for passing working agentintothe explosionv chamber from the other chamber, means car; ried by the piston for closing the exhaust-portin advance of the admission of said working agent, and means mounted within the casing for automatically operating said second-mew tioned piston-carried means. I

' An engine comprising a casing, a piston I reciprocally movable therein and dividing the 12 5 easing into two compartments, one of said compartments forming the explosion-chamber, an inlet-valve to the other compartment, said piston adapted to draw the Working agent .into the said other compartment during one I3 passing working agent into the explosion: 10o

portion of its stroke, said casing having piston-controlled exhaust-ports for the explosion-chamber, means carried by the piston posite direction,

munication with each other, a piston operatable in the working cylinder, a crank-shaft rotatably mounted in the crank-casing, a piston-rod connecting said crank-shaft with said piston, an intake-valve for said crank-casing, said piston arranged to draw workingagent into said crank-casing when moving in one direction and to compress the working agent.

in the crank-casing when moving in the opan inlet-valve in the piston:

head for passing the working agent from the crank-casing into theexplosiOn-chamber of the cylinder, said cylinder having exhaustports adapted to normally beclosed by said piston and opened when the piston is at the limit of its stroke in one direction, and valvecontrolling means carried by the piston, all being arranged substantially as shown and described.

6. In an engine of the character stated, a

working cylinder and a crank-casing in communication with each other, a piston operat able in the working cylinder, a crank-shaft rotatably mounted in the crank-casing, a piston-rod connecting said crank-shaft with said piston, an intake-valve for saidcrank-casing, said piston arranged to draw working agent into said crank-casing when moving in one direction and to compress the agent in the crank-casing when moving in the opposite direction, an inlet-valve in the piston-head for passing the working agent from the crankcasing into the explosion-chamber of the cyl inder, said cylinder having exhaust ports adapted to be closed by said piston and'opened when the piston is at the limit of its stroke in one direction, an exhaust-valve carried by the piston, means for automatically opening-said inlet piston-valve, and means for automatically moving said exhaust-controlling-valve to close the said exhaust-'ports in advance of the opening of the inlet-valve.

p 7-. In an engine of the character stated, a working cylinder and a crank-casing in communication with each other, a piston'operatable in the working cylinder, a crank-shaft 'rotatably mounted in i 'the crank-casing, a pis: ton-rod connecting said crank-shaftwith said piston, an intake-valve for said crank-casing, said piston arranged to draw working agent into said crank-casing when moving in one direction and to compress the working agent i n'the crank-casi rig when moving in its oppoi when the piston is at'the slates site direction, an inlet-valve in the pistonhead for passing the working agent from the crank-casing into the explosion-chamber of the cylinder, said cylinder having exhaustports to be normally closed by saidpisto'n'and opened when the piston is at the limit of its stroke in one direction, an exhaust-valve carried by the piston, means for automatically opening said inlet piston-valve, cans for automatically moving said, exhaust-controlling valve to close the exhaust-ports in advance of the'opening of inlet-valve, and means for returning-said inlet-valve to its seat.

8. In an engine of the character stated, a working cylinder and a crank casing in communication with each other, a piston operatable in the working cylinder, a crank-shaft rotatably mounted in the crank-casing, a pistonrod connecting said crank-shaft with said pis ton, an intake-valve for said crank-casing, said piston arranged to draw working-agent into said crank-casing when moving in one direction and ,to compress the agent in the crankcasing when moving in the opposite direction,

an inlet-valve 1n the piston-head for passing the working agent from-the crank-casing into the explosion-chamber of the cylinder, said cylinder having exhaust-ports adapted to be normally closed by 'said'piston and openedv limit of its stroke in one direction, an exhaust-valve carriedby the piston, means for automatically opening said inlet piston-valve, and means for automatically moving said eXhanst-controlling valve to close the said exhaust-ports in advance of the opening of the inlet-valve,and means for returning said exhaust-controlling valve to its seat.

9. In an engine ot' the character stated, a working"cylinder anda crank-casing in comable in thelworking cylinder, a crankrshaft'rotatably mounted in the crank-casing, a pistonrod connecting. said crank-shaft with said pis-. ton, an intake-,valve for said crank-casing, said piston arranged to draw working agent into said crank-casing when moving in one direction and to'compress theagent in the crank- ,casing when moving in the opposite direction, an inlet-valve inthe piston-head for passing the working agent from the crank-casing into the explosion-chamber of the cylinder, said 'munication with each other, a piston-operatcylinder having exhadst-ports adapted to be" closed by said piston and opened when the piston-is at the limit of its stroke in one direction, a'n exhaust-valve carried by the piston, means for automatically opening said inlet piston-valve, means for automatically moving said exhaustcontrolling valve to close the exhaust-ports in advance of'the' opening of the inlet-valve, and means for locking said exhaust-valve toits seat at times.

10. In an engine of the character stated, a working cylinder and a crank-casing in communication with each other, a piston operatable in the working cylinder, a crank-shaft r tatably mounted in'thecrank-casing, .a pistonrod connectingsaid crank-shaft with said piston, an-intakeivalvefor said crank-casing, said piston arranged to draw working agent into said'crank-casing when moving in one direction'an'd to compress the agent in the crankcasing when moving in the'opposite direction, an inlet-valve in the piston-head forv passing the working agent from the crank-casing into the explos on-chamber ofthe cylinder, said cylinder having exhaust-ports adapted to be by saidfpistonand opened when the piston-is'atthe limitoi its stroke in one direc- 131011;"821 exhaustyalve carried by the piston,

' ingiof'theintake-valve,

, int

. tion of its stroke' and to means an automatically opening said inlet prstomva'lve, and means for automatically moving said exhaust-con trolling valve to close the-said exhaust-ports inadvanoe of the open means for locking said exhaust'valve to, itflsfseatattimes," and means for automatically releasing said'looking means at times.

a 1 1. An'eng'inecomprisingaflworking cylin er a "piston reciprocally "mounted therein, piston adapted to draw working agent one end of said. cylinder durin'gfone-p'on tio'nof its stroke and to compress said working agent on the return portionj ofits stroke, an inlet-valve in the piston head adapted "to open at predetermined times to admit said said i compressed working agent into theexplosion r chamberof the cylinder, said cylinder having piston-controlled exhaust ports substantially asshown and described.

12. An engine comprising aworkin'g cyiinde r. a 'pisten' -reciprooally mounted lthe'rein, sald piston adapted to' draw working agent into one end of said cylinder during oneporcompresssaid "working agent on the Zreturnof its stroke, aninlet-valve in the piston head adapted too-pen at predetermined times to admitsaid com.-

pressed working agent into the e'xplosiom' chamber of the cylinder, said cylinder having piston-controliedexhaust-ports, and supplementai means carried by the piston for closingsaid exhaust ports after the exploded mixture has escaped therethrough and before the opening of the piston iniet-valve 13. In an engine of the class described, a working cylinder and a piston operatable thereirnand an automatically-operated means carried by the piston for drawing Oll into-the cylinder to lubricate the. moving parts, and

an oil-containing vessel in communication with said cylinder substantially asshown and described f 14:. In an engine or the class described, a working cylinder and a crank-casing, a piston reciprocally mounted in" the working cylinder', a crank-shaft .mounted in the crank-cas ing, a pistomro'dconnecting the crank-shaft to the piston,-said piston having'its head ap- 'ertured and provided with a valve-seat, an inlet-valvecarried by said piston with its stem passing through the piston-head, a valve-0perating rod for said inlet-valve connected to its stem and held in bearings on the pistonrod, cam devices within thecrank-casing for engaging said rod at times to open the valve, said cylinder having piston-controlled exhaust-ports, substantially as shown and .described.

working cylinder and a crank-casing, a piston reciprocally mounted in the Working cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in the crank-casing, a piston-rod connecting the crank-shaft to the piston, said piston having its head ap ertured and provided with a valve-seat, an inlet-valve carried by said piston with its stern passing through the piston-head, a valve-operating rod for said inlet-valve connected to its stem and held in hearings on the pistonrod, cam devices within the crank-casing for engaging said rod at times to open the valve, said cylinder having piston-controlled exhaust-port's, and a supplemental val ve' carried by the piston for closing said exhaust-ports at times,

reciprocally mounted in the working cylinder,a crank-shaft mounted in the crank-casing,-a piston-rod connecting the crank-shaft to the pistomsaid piston having its head apertured and provided with a valve-seat, an inlet-valve carried by said piston' withits stem passing through the'piston-head, a valve-op- 'its sternand vheld inv bearings on the pistonrod, camdevices within the crank-casingfor engaging said rod at times to open the valve,- said cylinder having piston-controlled exhaust-ports, and a supplemental valve carried -bythe piston for closing said exhaust-ports the cylinder and crank-casing for positively operating said supplemental valve.

l7. 1n an engine of the class described, a working cylinder and a crank-casing, a piston reciprocally mounted in the working cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in the crank-casm ing, a piston-rod connecting the crank-shaft to the piston, said piston having its head apertured and provided with a valve-seat, an in- 'le't=valve carried by said piston with its stem passing through the piston-head, a valve-opits stem and held in hearings on the pistonrod, cam devices within the crank-casing for engaging saidfrod at times to open the valve, said cylinder having piston controlled exhaust-ports, a supplemental valve carried by times, and cam-controlled devices within the 15. In an engine of the class described, a-

1-6. In an engine of the class described, a. working cylinder and'a crank-casing, a piston erating rod for said inlet-valvev connected to at times, and cam-controlled. devices within crating rod for said inlet-valveconnected to thepiston for closing said exhaust ports at,

cylinder and crank-casing for positively operatirig said supplemental valve in advance of the opening of the piston inlet-valve.

18. In an engine of the class described, a

7 working cylinder and a crank-casing, a piston reciprocally mounted in the working cylinder, a crank-shaft mounted in the crank-caslng, a piston-rod connecting the crankshaft to the piston, said piston having its head apertured and provided with a valve-seat, an inlet-valve carried by said piston with its stem passing through the piston-head, a valve-operatingrod for saidinlet-valve connected to its stem and held inbearings on the rod, cam devices within the crank-casing for engaging said rod at times to open the valve, said cylinder having piston-controlled exhaust-ports,

, a supplemental valve carried by the piston .for closing said exhaust-ports at times, camcontrolled devices within the cylinder and crank-casing for positively operating said supplemental valve in advance of theopening of the piston inlet-valve, means for locking said supplemental valve to its normal posi 'tion andsupplemental cam devices within the crank-casing for releasing said locking means at times.

19. In an engine of the character stated, a

working cylinder, a crank-casing connected to one end thereof, a hollow piston, closed at one end, reciprocally mounted within theworking cylinder,-said working cylinder having exhaust-ports adapted to be closed at times by said piston, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a piston-rod connecting said crankshaft to said piston, said piston having its closed end formed of reduced drameter to provide an annular seat, ,said piston having its closed end provided with apertures and a valve-seat, an inlet-valve having. a hollow stem projected through said pistonhead and adapted to-normally seat on said valve-seat in the piston-head, a tubular rod mounted in hearings on the piston-rod and having one end in engagement with said tubular stem of the piston-head valve, said tubular rod having a cam-engaging foot at its free end, a supplemental valve having an annular ring adapted to seat in said annular seat of the piston and having a stem passing through the hollow stem of the first-mentioned piston-valve, a second rod held within-said first-mentioned rod and having one end connected to said stem of the supplemental valve and having its free 'endprovided with a camengaging heel, cams mounted within said crank-casing for cooperating with the heels of said rods, a gear mounted on said crankshaft, a pinion connected with said cams and said gear whereby the motion of the crank-f shaft is imparted to the cams, said cams be ing so arranged as to operate said supple mental valve in" advance of said first-mentioned piston-valve to close the exhaust-ports of the working cylinder, a crank casing connected to one end thereof, a hollow piston open at one end reciprocally mounted within the working cylinder, said. working cylinder having exhaust-ports adapted to be closed at times by said piston, a crank-shaft mounted in said crank-casing, a piston-rod connecting said its closed end formed of reduced diameterto its closed end provided with apertures and a valve-seat, an inlet-valve having a hollowstem projected through said piston-head and adapted to normally seat on said valve-seat in the piston-head, a tubular rod mounted in bearings on thepiston-rod and having one end in engagement with the tubular stern of the pistonhead valve, said tubular rod having a camengaging-foot at its free end, a supplemental in said annular seat of the piston and having a stem passing through the hollow stem of the first mentioned piston -valve, a second rod stem of the supple'mentalvalve and having its free end provided with a camengaging heel, cams mounted within said "crank-casing for cooperating with the heels of said rods,,a' gear mounted insaid crankshaft, a pinion connected with said cams and nected to said shaft is imparted to the cams, said cams being so arranged as to operate said supplementalvalve in advance of said first-mentioned piston-valve to close the exhaust-ports of the working cylinder in advance of the admission of a new chargeof working agent into communicating with the interior of said working cylinder at a point in alinement with the juncture between the large and reduced portions of the piston so that when the supplementalvalveis operated the same will draw in a supply of oil' from the oil-containers to ing cylinder andcrank-casing, a latch for cooperating with the first mentioned tubular I to its seat, and a supplemental cam'member fortri'pping said latch at times to release said provide an annular seat, said piston having valve having an annular ring adapted to seat.

lubricate the moving parts within the work- 20. In an engine of the character stated, a

crank-shaft to said piston, said piston having ioo within said tubular rod, having one end consaid gear whereby the motion of the crankthe explosion-chamber oil-containing vessels v rod to hold the first-mentioned piston-valve latch from operativeeonnection with: the 'first- I mentioned tubular rod, all being arranged substantially as shown and, described;

21. An' engine comprising a casing including a crank and a piston-chamber,- a piston re- 'cip oeally movable'in the piston-chamber, a crank-shaft, mounted; in bearings 1nthe eas ingg a. I piston-rod connecting the piston with [the crank-shaft, inlet-valves carried by the piston for pa'ssing'the working agent into the I explosion ehamber of the casing; a supplemental valve carried by the piston for closing theexplosion-chamber exhaust-ports, means mounted Within the casing for operating both piston-valves automatically, means for lock- 5

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