US807174A - Key-seating device. - Google Patents

Description

- PATENTED DEC. 12, 1905. I. w. JONES. KEY SEATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED HOV. 4,1904.

WITNESSES: Yum/r01? l1/ormnes ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1905.

Application filed November 4, 1904. Serial No- 231.436.

' tion.

My invention relates especially to keyseating devices, but is capable of application to the makin of slots of any kind.

The chief obj ects of the invention are to so construct a cutter-holder for apparatus of the kind mentioned as to permit a straight and readily detachable and replaceable cutter to be employed, to permit the holder to be made practically solid from the cutter to the end, to secure a solid and'strong abutment for the cutter to bear'against while operating, to place the feeding mechanism for the cutter entirely above the cutting edge, to

' provide the feeding-pin with means for increasing the tension of the relieving action at the time when the tension is most needed, to avoid putting strain on the feeding mechanism while the cutter is operating, to make the bar or holder strong and protect all parts from chips, and to dispense with loose parts which are liable to get out of place.

Further objects of the invention will appear in the course of the subjoined description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a preferred form of my invention on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are perspective views of three forms of cutting-tools which may be employed. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a modification to be usedwith the form of tool shown in Fig. 7

The tool holder or cutter-bar is in the form of a cylinder 10. The cylinder is provided with a transverse slot 11, passing through from one side to the other and havin substantially parallel ends against which the sides of a cutter-blade 12 are designed to bear. This blade is'preferably straight on its opposite sides and is ada ted to pass 1 through the slot and be fed a ong the slot transversely to the bar. In one form this blade is provided with a strengthened head portion 13, upon which the cutting edge 14 is formed. Just below the cutting edge it is preferably rounded out at 15 for the purpose of permitting the edge to be readilysharpened. The blade is also provided with a channel 16. This channel may be located upon one side or there may be-two slots, one on each side, as illustrated. In the other form of the cutter which is illustrated in Fig. 5 a body 17 is of the same thickness throughout, and channels 18, while. inclined in a similar manner to the channels 16, are straight throughout their length instead of having a portion at a different angle, as is shown in the channels 16. Although the slot 11 has been described as having parallel ends, it is preferably provided with a slightly-tapering portion 19, giving the tool a slight play in the slot for a purpose to be described. The channels in the blade are designed for assisting in the feeding operation of the blade, which is performed transversely of the holder itself.

The feeding mechanism will now be described.

A slide 20 is mounted in a cavity 21 extending from the outer end of the tool-holder to the tool-slot therein. This cavity is preferably eccentric with respect to the cylinder 10 inorder to provide a thick bearing-surface 22 for the cutter-blade. The slide is provided with a swivel connection 23 for a screw24, by means of which it is designed to be operated. The screw is provided with a thumb-collar 25 and with a check-nut 26 and is in en agement with a screw-threaded portion 27 o? the cavity 21. It will be readily understood that by mani ulating the collar 25 the slide will be force to reciprocate in the cavity 21 toward and from the blade. The check-nut 26 can be set at any desired point, so that when the slide has been fed sufliciently far it will be stopped by the nut,

and in this manner successive operations can be performed with the same amount of feed for each. In order to provide for stopping the slide at the ends of its stroke and preventing its removal from the cavity, it is provided with a groove 28, and the tool-holder is provided with a screw 29, the end of which passes into the groove and stops the slide in an obvious manner.

The slide is provided with a pair of arms 30, which extend upon both sides of the blade and into the slot in which the blade is located.

' Each of these arms is provided with an adjllstable projection 31, adapted to extend into the grooves 16 or 18 on the opposite sides of the blade. The slide is provided with a longitudinal perforation 32, in which is mounted a freely-sliding plunger 33, which is normallyforced toward the blade by means of a spring 34 bearing on the plunger and the end of the screw 24. The tool-holder on the other side of the tool is practically solid clear to its end, but is provided with a cavity 35, in which is mounted a second plunger 36, engaging the blade at a point near its edge and normally pressed toward the blade by means of a spring 37. A screw 38 engaging with a slot 39 in the plunger is also provided to limit the movement of the plunger in one direction.

The operation of the device will be readily understood. The blade is placed in the slot in the holder, and the plunger 36 being free to move against it will normally force it back against the shoulder 22, which forms a solid abutment for the tool and one not likely to be damaged in the operation of the device.- It is to be observed that when the holder is drawn along in the direction which is necessary in order to provide for cutting that the tool bears back against this abutment and is therefore provided with means for firmly holding it in position. When, however, the holder is drawn in the other direction, the plungers 33 and 36 being permitted to yield on account of the springs 34 and 37 will allow the tool to swing backwardly to a slight extent, so that the edge of the tool will not have to bear firmly against the wall of the passage which it has cut in the material upon which it is working. The feeding device may of course be operated by hand by turning the screw 24, and the projections 31 being started in the top of the channels 16 will upon being forced inwardly gradually force the tool out of the slot on account of the inclined walls of the channels. The plunger 33 will be forced normally against the lower outer end of the blade, but with a yielding pressure. The tension of this yielding pressure will be increased on account of the compression of the spring as the tool is forced outwardly, and consequently at the time when it is most needed it will have its greatest effect.

It will be seen from this description that many advantages are obtained. The cutter can be made straight, thus avoiding the complications involved when it is made of anirregular shape. It can be made from a piece of bar-steel and is readily detachable and replaceable, so that the saving in steel and the cost of maintenance is great. A cutter of this character can also be ground on the face until completely worn out, so that it has a much longer life than other cutters of a similar nature. It is also very strong and is not liable to break from use, having no weak point. It is of a shape that can be readily and cheaply manufactured, the tempering and hardening of it being a small matter. The tool-holder or cutter-bar is practically solid from the cutter-slot down. This is a great advantage, as chips cannot enter it and interfere with the action of the parts. The feeding device is entirely above the cutting edge of the cutter, and it is also so constructed as to be free from interference by chips. The relieving-spring carried in the feed pin or slide is compressed as the cutter is fed into the work, the tension increasing at the time when it is most needed. While the cutter is in operation, there is little or no pressure or strain on the feed device, practically all of the pressure being exerted on the abutment 22. The swivel-joint 23 in the feedscrew is a substantial one, having no loose parts, and is one that will not become loose or get out of order. The cavity in the toolholder being eccentric to the holder itself gives strength to the bar atthe point where the blade bears. On account of this construction the feed-slide can be made large without reducing the bearing-surface for the cutter and with little sacrifice of the strength of the bar. These and many other advantages, which will be readily understood from the description above given, are incident to the construction disclosed, as Well as to the entire principal of the invention of which that is one embodiment.

While I have described one form in which my invention may be embodied, it will be readily understood that it maybe constructed in many other forms and that it is not limited to that one. For example, the inclined grooves can be placed in the slide, as is indicated at 16 in Fig. 8, and a cuttingtool 12 can be provided with studs 31 entering these grooves, as indicated in Figs. 7 and 8. Many other modifications may also be made within the scope of the claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A tool-holder, comprising a bar having a slot for a cutting-tool, means for feeding the tool, said means comprising a slide engaging the tool and adapted to move toward the tool to feed it outwardly, means for moving said slide, a plunger on the slide for engaging the tool, a spring for forcing the plunger against the tool, a second plunger mounted on the tool-holder and engaging the tool at a point diagonally opposite the point at which the first-mentioned plunger engages it, and a spring for forcing the second plunger toward the tool.

2. A tool-holder, comprising a bar having a transverse slot therethrough for a cuttingtool, means for feeding a tool along the slot, said means comprising a slide having means for connecting it with the tool and adapted to move toward the tool to feed it outwardly, means for moving said slide, a lunger mounted on the slide for engaging t etool at a point diagonally opposite its cutting edge, a second plunger on the other side of the tool ada ted to engage it at a point near its cutting e ge, and springs for forcing both of said plungers toward the tool.

3. A tool-holder, comprising a bar having a transverse slot therethrough for a cuttingtool, means for feeding the tool along the slot, said means comprising a slide having a projection for engaging the tool and adapted to move toward the tool to feed it outwardly, means for moving said slide, a plunger mounted on the slide for engaging the tool, and. a spring for forcing the plunger against the tool.

4. In a key-seating device, the combination with a holder having a transverse slot, of a tool in the slot provided with an inclined channel in each of its opposite, faces, a slide or feeding-pin in the,holder having two projections one upon each side of the tool and each engaging in one of said channels and adapted

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