US806072A

US806072A - Elastic-fluid turbine.

Info

Publication number: US806072A
Application number: US19355604A
Authority: US
Inventors: William S Elliott
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1904-02-15
Filing date: 1904-02-15
Publication date: 1905-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 1922-11-28

Description

.PATBNTED Nov; 28, 1905.14 s. ELLIOTT. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

mZE wSSeS N .s06,072.*1- PATENTED NOV.28,1 905.

" I w. s. ELLIOTT.

BLASTIG FLUID TURBINE."

APPLIOATION FILED P1318 1 5, 1904.

- asses.-

PATENTBD Nov. 28, 1905.

' W. s. ELLIOTT. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15.1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

7IIIII/IIIIIIIIII/Afllllllllllllllllllm UNITED s ATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

ELASTIC-FLUID URBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Nov. 28, 1905.

Application filed February is, 1904. Serial No. 193.566.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. ELLIOTT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a partial end view of an elasticfluid turbine provided with my im proved governing'a'pparatus. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line II II of Fig. 1. v Fig. 3 is a similar View showing the governor in elevation. Fig. 4is a similar view showinga modified construction employing a piston-valve. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views showing a further modified construction of valve. Fig. 7 is 'a horizontal sectional view on the line VII VII of Fig. 1. Figs. 8 and9 are verticalsectional views through the inlet and outlet valves of the cam-actuating cylinder, the governor being in elevation, indicated by the line VIII II of Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a cross-section on theline II X of Fig. 1.-

The object of my invention is to automatically govern the speed of an elastic-fluid turb ine,so as to maintain uniform speed under varying loads. For this purpose I employ a governor, preferably centrifugal, to the moving portion of which I attach valve-actuating mechanism adapted to control'the supply and exhaust to a cylinder within which is a piston connected with a cam adapted to actuate a series of inlet-valves supplying fluid to the turbine-vanes and acting against a constant-return pressure mechanism as another piston.

The device is intended to regulate the supply of fluid to the turbine, dependent on the variations in its load, and to maintain a resulting constant speed. Y

Referring now to the drawings, 2 is the shell or case of the turbine surrounding wheel 3, mounted on shaft 4: and provided with the usual peripheral vanes 5. p

6 is a fluid-inlet shell having a supply-passage 7 secured on theface of the case 2, to supply fluid through the various valve-controlled nozzles leading to the vanes of the turbine-wheel. At intervals along the inner side of shell 6 are a number of valve-seated nozzles 8, leading to the vanes 5, each of such nozzleseats being provided with a valve 9, mounted on the inner end of stem 10, passing. out

through a stuffing-box 11 in the front of the suitable lever 14, pivoted at 15 in suitable bear- 'ings and extending into range of the actuatingcam 16. This cam (best shown in Fig. 7) consists of an elongated bar provided with an inclined shoulder 17 ,adapted to successively ride under the ends of the valve-levers to raise them and their valves as the bar is moved in one direction and to successively release them and allow their valves to close as it is moved in the are controlled by valves, the supply-port 23 by valve 25 and exhaust-port 2 1' by valve 26,

mounted in suitable chambers on the ends of

stems

27 and 28, respectively. These stems are pivotally connected to the outer extremities of a yoke 29, which is mounted at its center upon pins 30, with whichit makes slotted engagement to allow of freemovement'of the yoke.

The pins 30 are connected with or form a part of the vertically-moving portion of a centrifugal governor A, geared by belt 31 from the main shaft 4 or in any other suitable manner usual with this class of devices.

A cushion -spring 32 is inserted beneath valve 25, by which it is normally'held in closed position to shut off the supply of fluid to cylinder 22, while asimilar spring 33 is inserted above valve 26 and adapted to normally close port 2 1 to out OK the exhaust therefrom.

When the load on the engine increases, resulting in decreased speed and closing in of the balls of the governor, valve25 is lowered by stem'27, connected with the downwardlymovable end of the yoke 29, adapted to admit pressure through port 23 against piston 21, as in Fig. 8, causing cam-bar 16 to travel outwardly, raising one ormore additional levers 14, and admitting an increasedv supply to the vanes. Onthe other hand, when the speed becomes too "great the balls of the governor fiy out, valve 26 is raised by stem 28, attached to the upwardly-movable end of yoke 29, as

in Fig. 9, opening exhaust through port 2 1 from cylinder 22 and permitting the pressure in cylinder 19 to act against piston 18 to move the cam-bar backwardly, thereby shutting off the supply to some of the vanes, and consequently reducing the speed. The speed'is thus maintained constant and equilibrium of the engine established.

In Fig. 4 I show a piston-valve 32 covering nozzle 8, the valve being connected by its stem to a bell-crank lever 33, pivoted at 34 and bearing against cam bar 35. As the cam travels against the end of lever the valve is opened to supply fluid to the vanes, as already described, and as the cam recedes the valve is closed.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I show a construction in which fluid is admitted to port 8 by a rocking valve 36, to the stem 37 of which is secured a rock-lever 38, adapted to be raised by cam-bar 16, a series of such valves and levers being actuated successively, as already described.

It is evident that various constructions or arrangements of valves and actuating mechanism may be employed to control the ad mission of fluid to the turbine-vanes, and I do not desire to be limited to the exact construction shown and described.

I claim 1. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series of valves adapted to admit fluid successively, levers therefor, and a governing device to operate the levers actuated by variable pressure.

2. The combination with an elastic-fl uid turbine, of a series of valves adapted to admit fluid successively, levers therefor, and an automatic governing device therefor actuated by variable pressure and arranged to control the operation of said levers and valves.

3. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series of supply-valves adapted to open and close successively, levers therefor, and a lifting-cam with actuating means therefor controlled by variations in the speed of the turbine.

4:. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series of supply-valves adapted to open and close successively, levers therefor, a lifting-cam, means for actuating the liftingcam, and a governing device controlling the operation of said means.

5. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series of supply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with a constant-pressure piston, and a variable-pressure piston, and a governing device adapted to control the supply to and exhaust from the variable-pressure piston.

6. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series of supply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with a constant-pressure piston, and a variable-pressure piston, cylinders for said pistons, a pressure and eX- haust valve respectively controlling the inlet and outlet of the cylinder of the variablepressure piston, and a governing device adapted to control the operation of said valves.

7. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series of supply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with a constant-pressure and a variable-pressure piston, cylinders for said piston, a pressure and exhaust valve respectively controlling the inlet and outlet of the cylinder of the variable-pressure piston, and a governing device geared with the turbine-shaft and provided with a yoke connected with said valve.

8. The combination with an elastic-fluid turbine, of a series of supply-valves and levers, a lifting-cam provided with a constant-pressure and a variable-pressure piston, cylinders for said pistons, a pressure and exhaust valve respectively controlling the inlet and outlet of the cylinder of the variable-pressure piston, and a governing device geared with the turbineshaft and provided with a pivoted yoke connected with said valves.

9. Valve-controlling mechanism for an elastic-fluid turbine consisting of the combination with inlet-valves, of two pistons having unequal areas, means for supplying fluid-pressure thereto, and a controlling-cam adapted to actuate the valves.

10. Valve -controlling mechanism for an elastic-fluid turbine consisting of two pistons having unequal areas, means for supplying fluid-pressure thereto, said pistons controlling a cam adapted to actuate the valves.

11. Controlling mechanism for an elasticfluid turbine consisting of a nozzle-valve-actuating cam, pistons connected with said cam having unequal areas, means for supplying constant pressure to one of said pistons, and means controlling the supply and exhaust to and from the other of said pistons, said means being actuated by a governor so as to vary the pressure of said pistons during changes of the load.

12. Means for controlling the supply to an elastic-fluid turbine consisting of two pistons having unequal areas, means for supplying fluid-pressure to said pistons, and a cam-bar adapted to actuate the device for controlling the supply of fluid to the turbine.

13. Means for controlling the supply to an elastic-fluid turbine consisting of two pistons having unequal areas, means for supplying fluid-pressure to said pistons, and a cam-bar adapted to actuate the device for automatically controlling the supply of fluid to the turbine.

14. A controlling device for elastic-ii uid turbines consisting of a constant-pressure cylinder, a piston therein, a variable-pressure cylinder, a piston therein, a cam-bar connecting said pistons, and valve mechanism controlling the supply and exhaust to and from the variable-pressure cylinder, adapted to automatic ally vary the pressure in the variable cylinder.

15. A controlling device for elastic-fluid turbines consisting of a cam-bar in engagement with nozzle-valvelevers, balanced pistons connected therewith, and means for throwing said pistons out of balance upon Changes of the speed or loadof the turbine.

16. A controlling device for elastic-fluid turbines consisting of a cam-bar in engagement with nozzle-valve levers, balanced pistons connected therewith, and means for varying the pressure on one of said pistons upon changes of loador speed of the turbine.

17. Controlling mechanism for an elasticfluid turbineconsisting ofa-pair of balanced pistons adapted to, be thrown out of balance by change of loads or speed of the turbine, whereby the movement of the'pistons operates a device for opening and closing the supplynozzles leading to the turbine.

18. A fluid-actuated controller for Varying the mass of the elastic fluid impinging against the vanes of the turbine-automatically with the load, by means of a series of successivelyoperated lever actuated nozzle: valves controlled by a variable-pressure medium.

19. Regulating mechanism: for an elasticfluid turbine consisting of a variable-pressure fluidactuated controller, a cam connected therewith, a series of nozzle-valves, and levers connected therewith and engaging the cam;

20. The combination in an elastic-fluidtub bine provided with a series' of valves adapted to admit fluid successively, and corresponding actuating-levers therefor, of a lifting-cam arranged to engage and maintain-v engagement with saiddevices, and operating means connected therewith, actuated by variable pressure, substantially asset forth.

21 In combination with an elaStic-fluidtur bine, a fluid-actuated controller having pressure-balanced pistons, adapted to vary the 'supply by becoming unbalanced upon change 7 of the load.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in I presence of two witnesses.

. WILLIAM S. ELLIOTT. Witnesses:

JAS. J. MoAFEE, O.-M. CLARKE.