US1063547A - Governing mechanism for turbines. - Google Patents

Description

W. KIESER.

GOVERNING MEGHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.18,1912.

1,063,547. Patented June3,1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

Fig. I.

i 20 Fig. 2.

. f Wibnesses: Inventor;

H DHWQW Walter'- Kieseu:

a ttg.

COLUMBIA PLANODRAPH c0., WASHINGTON, 1). c1

W. KIESER.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR T URBINBS.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN.18,1912.

2 SKEETS-SHEET 2.

III-Q15.

Inventor; 'Walter- Neser:

COLUMBIA PLANoanAPH co., \vAsmNn'roN, D. c,

Witnesses:

UNITED STATES ,IZALTENT OFFICE.

WALTER KIESER, OF OHARLOTTENIBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3,1913.

Application filed January 18, 1912. Serial No. 671,929.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER KIEsnR, a

citizen of Switzerland, residing at Charlotfor its object to improve the construction. and operation of governlng mechamsms that 1 are sensitive not only to speed variations but to changes in pressure of the motive fluid as well. In many installations especially of low pressure turbines the steam supply fluctuates in pressure more or less rapidly. The load on such turbines may also fluctuate but it is less liable to change so often or in the same degree. Also it frequently happens, that at the instant the supply of steam decreases the load increases and vice versa. Therefore in order to minimize the efiects of these variations I so organize and arrange the parts of my improved mechanism that while the speed governor of the turbine primarily controls the admission valve, its action is subject to or is modified by a means responsive to pressure changes in the fluid admitted to the turbine.

In the accompanying drawings which are illustrative of my invention, Figure 1 is a view of a part of a turbine with its governing mechanism in section; Fig. 2 is a side view of a turbine, and Fig. 3 is a view of a slight modification.

1 indicates a conduit conveying steam, usually at low pressure, to the conduit 2, the latter leading to and forming a part of the supply chamber of the turbine. In the case of a Curtis type of machine, as shown, the steam will be supplied to the first stage nozzles. Between the conduits is'a balanced valve 3 of the throttling type that is mounted on the rod 4: which is attached at its upper end to the piston 5. The piston is located in a cylinder 6 to which fluid under pressure, such as oil, is admitted by pipes 7 and 8 under the control of the pilot valve 9. Underneath the piston is a coiled compression spring 10 that largely or' wholly balances the weight of the moving valve.

11 indicates a centrifugal speed governor driven by a secondary shaft 13 of the turbine and which may be of any suitable type. To its sliding or moving collar 12 is attached a forked lever 14, said lever being also attached to the pilot valve 9 and the valve rod 4. As the weights 15 of the governor move in and out with changes in speed of the turbine, the pilot valve 9 is caused to admit fluid above or below the piston 5, as the case may be, and cause it to lower or raise the main valve 3.

Thus far the operation does not differ in principle from that of many well known governing mechanisms. I will now proceed to describe the features that are original with me.

Situated above the speed governor proper is a coiled extension spring 16, its lower end being attached to a movable abutment or socket forming a part of or moving with the collar 12 while its upper end is attached to a head or socket afiiXed to the lower end of the piston rod 17. On the rod is a piston 18 that makes a loose fit with the bore of the cylinder 19. The cylinder space below the piston is connected by the pipe 20 to the conduit 2 or to some part of the turbine in direct communication therewith. The cylinder space above the piston is connected by the pipe 21 to the exhaust conduit 22 or other low pressure part of the turbine where the pressure is substantially constant. As shown it is connected to the exhaust conduit leading to the condenser 23. In the pipe is an automatic equalizing valve 24: which has an adjustable regulating spring so that its action can be controlled. It will be seen first that the piston 18 is loose within the cylinder, and second, that it is exposed above and below to fluid pressure, that of the condenser being fairly constant while the other pressure varies as the pressure of the source of supply varies and as the position of the throttle valve 3 changes.

The operation of my improved mechanism is as follows: Since the piston 18 loosely fits its cylinder the normal pressure above and below it will be the same and the spring 16 is therefore loaded by the weight of the rod 17 and piston 18. If now the pressure at the outlet of the valve 3 rises then the piston 18 with its rod 17 and one end of the spring 16 will move upward. The sleeve or collar 12 of the governor is therefore moved by aforce corresponding to'the tension on the spring 16. The weights 15 thus aided raise the collar and with it the pilot valve 9. This permits fluid to flow from the admission port 25 of the balanced pilot valve through the pipe 7 and force the motor piston 5 downward, thereby closing the main valve to a greater or less extent. As the pilot valve moves upward, its lower head uncovers the exhaust port so that fluid can flow from the under side of the motor piston 5. This action or move ment continues until the pressures on oppo site sides of the regulator piston 18 are again justing the pressure equalizing valve 24; the counter-pressure on the upper side of the piston 18 can be regulated at w1ll.

thereof can be made in a variety of ways vention.

It may under some circumstances be of advantage to shift the piston 18 that causes 3 the straining and relaxing of the spring 16 through the aid of an auxiliary motor shown in Fig. 3. In this case the piston 18 would fit relatively tightly in its cylinder, 2 and there would be provided a regulating; piston 26 connected with the pilot valve of the auxiliary motor 19 and dependent for its position upon the pressure prevailing in ad- 1 v'ance of the nozzle of a stage, After the:

equalization of the pressure difference acting on opposite sides of this regulating piston 26, it is returned to its middle position in the cylinder 27 by a spring 28.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the supply of motive fluid thereto, a motor for operating the valve, a controlling device for the motor, a governor for actuating the device to regulate the positi'on of the valve with respect to its seat in response to changes in speed of the turbine,

connection between said means and ernor including a spring.

the govf 2. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the supplyof motive fluid thereto, a fluid actuated motor for the valve, :1 pilot valve for the motor, a governor for controlling the pilot valve to regulate the position of the first valve in response to changes in speed of the turbine, means sensitive to the pressure of the fluid driving the turbine for changing the position of the pilot valve to cause variations in the regulating valve opening independently of speed changes, and a connection between said means and the governor including a spring.

3. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the supply of motive fluid thereto, a speed governor for controlling the *alve that rotates about a given axis, a spring which acts on the governor and is arranged in axial alinement therewith, and a pressure sensitive means that is connected to the spring and changes its force.

It will be readily appreciated that the means for applying the effective pressure of i regulating the supply of motive fluid thereto, the piston 18 to the speed governor or part f 4. In combination, a turbine, a valve for a speed governor for controlling the valve,

and a device comprising a cylinder and a. without depart-mg from the sp1r1t of my inloosely fitting piston that is sensitive to pressure changes, said piston as it changes its position acting on the speed governor and causing it to change the position of the valve irrespective of speed changes.

5. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speed governor that controls the valve, a pressure responsive device for modifying the action of the governor on the valve, a conduit admitting fluid from one side of the valve to the device, and a second conduit connecting the other side of the device to the turbine exhaust, there being a passage connecting the opposite sides of the device to normally equalize the pressures thereon.

'6. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speed governor that controls the valve, a device comprising a piston and its cylinder, the two being loosely fitted, means for subjecting the piston on one side to a variable pressure and 011 the other to substantially constant pressure, and a spring connection between the device and the governor for transmitting movements of the former to the latter.

7. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speed governor that controls the valve, a pressure responsive device for modifying the action of the governor on the valve, a conduit admitting fluid from one side of the valve to the device, a second conduit admitting fluid at the pressure of the exhaust to the other side, and a regulating valve located in the second conduit.

8. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speed governor having centrifugally acting weights that normally have full control of the valve, a fluid actuated motor for moving the valve, a pilot valve for the motor, lever means connecting the governor, a movable member of the motor and the pilot valve, a device sensitive to the pressure of the fluid entering the turbine for causing the governor weights and the pilot valve to change their position without change of speed, and a connection between the device and the lever means including a spring.

9. In combination, a turbine, aregulating valve therefor, a motor for actuating it, a controlling device for the motor, a speed governor for actuating the controlling device that is provided with centrifugally acting weights, means sensitive to the pressure of the motive fluid for moving said controlling device and the governor Weights without change of speed to actuate the motor, and means including a spring for transmitting the action of the pressure sensitive means to the governor.

10. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the admission of motive fluid to the turbine, a motor for moving the valve, a regulator for the motor, a speed governor for controlling the regulator, a device for also controlling the regulator, a motor for actuating the device, a regulator for the second motor, and means responsive to the pressure of the motive fluid for controlling the last mentioned regulator.

11. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the admission of motive fluid to the turbine, a speed governor for controlling the valve, a helical spring connected to the governor and arranged in axial alinement therewith, a piston that is movable in response to variations of the pressure of the motive fluid, a rod for the piston that is arranged above and in alinement with the spring, and a connection between the lower end of the rod and the spring.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

VALTER KIESER.

Witnesses ERNST Hornv, BERN HARD KUHNow.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latentl, Washington, D. O.

Images