US804463A - Calculating-machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 804,463. PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905. H. E. GOLDBERG.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. 1905.

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UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 14, 1905.

Application filed July 24, 1905. Serial No. 271,058.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of lllinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in (.lalculating- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the actuating devices of calculating-machines; and it consists more especially in improvements in connection with the digit-pieces shown and described in Patent No. 782,55 1, issued to me February 14:, 1905.

The objects of the present invention are, first, to prevent accidental shifting of the digitpiece and, second, to provide means for compelling the completion of the upstroke of the key.

I attain my objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a number of digitpieces and their connections embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse View, partly in section, looking in the direction of the arrows on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a development of the peripheral surfaces of a digitpiece, showing how the same would look if laid out flat.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The keys 1 are connected to the drivingsectors 2 by the links 3 or other suitable means. Said sectors are laterally stationary and independently rotatable upon the shaft 4:,

which is secured in the machine-framework 5. The driving-sectors are adapted to mesh with the gears 6, which constitute a part of the digit-pieces. The faces of each of said gears 6 are wide enough so that notwithstanding its shifting it always remains in mesh with sectors 2. The digit-pieces are independently rotatable and independently shiftable upon the shaft 7 which is secured in the machineframework 5.

Each digit-piece has a toothed portion 8, which may be termed a digit-sector, the number of teeth in each case depending upon the value of the key by which it is actuated. Each of said digit-sectors is designed to mesh during its positive stroke with one of the digit-pinions 9, rigidly fixed on the shaft 10. Said shaft is journaled in the machine-frame and may be termed a universal member because all of the digit-pieces are operative upon it. It has always a definite amount of rotation, depending upon which figure-key is at the time being driving it.

In order that the universal shaft 10 may rotate always one way and remain still during the return rotation of the oscillating digitpieces which rotate back and forth, means are provided for shifting the digit-pieces so that the digit-sectors will during their forward or positive rotation be in line with the digitpinions 9 to rotate the latter, but will during their return rotation be out of line with said pinions. This shift is accomplished by means of the two cam-surfaces 11 and 12 of the digit-piece, which cam-surfaces act upon the pins 13, fixed in tho machine-frame. The cam 11 shifts the digit-pieces so as to bring the digit sectors out of line with the digitpinions and may therefore be termed the outshifting-cam, and the cam 12 shifts the digit pieces, so as to bring the digit-sectors back into line prior to the next positive stroke, and may therefore be termed the inshiftingcam. It is obvious that in order to give time for the digit-sector to complete its idle return movement after it has been shifted out of line the cams 11 and 12 must be located at some distance apart, and in the meantime the digitpiece must not shift sidewise. In the form of digit-piece shown in the above-mentioned patent no special means is shown for positively preventing such accidental shifting, the supposition being that as there is nothing in the mechanism to create a tendency for the digit-piece to shift prematurely such shifting would be prevented by mere inertia and the friction of the digit-piece upon its contacting members. As a matter of fact, except in rare cases, no premature or accidental shifting does occur; but in the present construction it is positively prevented by the dividing rib or wall 14,, which is rigidly formed on the digitpicce between the two paths which the pin 13 traverses as the digit-piece rotates past it. In the preferred construction two peripheral walls 15 and 16 are also provided on the digitpiece for cooperating with the cams 11 and 12 and wall 14 in controlling the lateral position of the digit-piece upon the shaft. The function of the walls 15 and 16, however, is largely to prevent excess shifting, and it is obvious that this limiting of the shift may be obtained by stationary stops in a variety of ways.

In the correct operation of the mechanism a digit piece during its return rotation is now active, so that as far as anything thus far described is concerned another digit-piece might commence to operate before the previous one had completely finished its return movement; but in order that the calculating parts may operate properly it is necessary that a digit-piece should sufficientl y complete its return rotation, and as this return rotation occurs during the upstroke of the key the key must sufliciently complete its upstroke. It has been found in practice that in calculating numbers wherein digits are repeatede. g. u 888 or 775some operators are in the habit of not removing their finger from the key, and consequently not permitting the digitpiece to return a sufiicient amount before again depressing the key. This results in errors; and in order to compel the operator to permit the key to rise sufficiently mechanism is provided for preventing a second depression until the first upstroke is completed. For this purpose the digit-pieces are provided with ratchetteeth 17, adapted to be engaged by the dogs 18. Each dog is pivotally mounted upon a fixed pivot, in the present instance shaft 4:, and is laterally non-shiftable, so that the shifting of a digit-piece brings the ratchet thereof into and out of line with said dog.

To illustrate the operation of the parts, take the example illustrated in the drawings, in which the downward motion of the key will cause an anticlockwise rotation of the digitpiece. It is during this period that the digitsector acts upon the respective digit-pinion 9, the digit-piece lies at the left, and the ratchet is out of line with the pawl 18. After the digit-pinion has its rotation completed by the digit-sector the cam 12 comes into play and causes the digit-piece to be shifted to the right. This brings the path at the left side of wall lt into line with pin 13 for the return rotation and also brings the ratchet 17 into line with pawl 18; but the ratchet-teeth are so faced that during this return or backward rotation of the digit-piece the pawl will slip over said teeth without engaging them. Consequently the return rotation is not interfered with if the parts operate as intended. But suppose the operator should attempt to depress the key before thedigit-piece has completed its return strokein other words, while the ratchet-teeth are still in line with the pawl. The parts would then occupy the relation shown by the dotted lines, Fig. 3, with pin 13 in the groove at the left and the ratchet in line with the dog 18; but now the ratchet is moving in the opposite direction to the one before when in line with the dog, for the digit-piece is now rotating in a forward instead of return direction and the ratchetteeth are opposed to said dog. The result is that' the digit-piece is immediately arrested and the operator is unable to depress the key until he has first let it rise sufficiently to complete the operation of the calculating parts.

I claim- 1. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the same said rotatable member being shiftable into and out of con nection with said universal member; means for shifting said shiftable rotatable member into connection with said universal member; means for shifting said shiftable rotatable member out of connection with said universal member; and other means for meantime preventing the shifting of said shiftable rotatable member.

2. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the same said rotatable member being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; a cam for shifting said shiftable rotatable member out of connection with said universal member; a cam for shifting said shiftable rotatable member into connection with said universal member; and other means for meantime preventing the shifting of said shiftable rotatable member.

3. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the same, said rotatable member being shiftable into and out of connection with the universal member; and a stationary member adapted to contact said shiftable rotatable member for shifting it, one of said last two members having a pin or projection and the other having two cams remote from each other and adapted to contact said pin to shift said shiftable member, the said member which bears the cams having means for preventing shifting during the intervals between the actions of the cams.

4:. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the -same, said rotatable member being shiftable into and out of connection with the universal member; and a stationary member adapted to contact said shiftable rotatable member for shifting it, one of said last two members having a pin or projection and the other having two cams remote from each other and adapted to contact said pin to shift said shiftable member, the said member which bears the cams having a dividing-wall arranged between the same for preventing shifting during the intervalsbetween the actions of the cams.

5. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmaehines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a shiftable digit-piece for actuating the same and a slotand-pin device for shifting said digit-piece into and out of connection with said universal member the slot being double, in part, for retaining the digit-piece for a time in each of its shifted positions.

6. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a shiftable digit-piece for actuating the same, said digitpiece having two cams thereon at some distance from each other for shifting said digitpiece into and out of connection with said universal member; and a stationary pin adapted to act upon said cams to shift the digitpiece, said digit-piece also having a wall extending around its periphery almost from one cam to the other for preventing premature shifting of the digit-piece.

7. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a shiftable digit-piece for actuating the same; and means for controlling the lateral position of said shiftable rotatable member said controlling means including two cam-surfaces oblique to the axis of the shiftable rotatable member and a plurality of plane surfaces perpendicular to said axis, together with means for coacting with said oblique and plane surfaces.

8. In a calculating-machine; a digit-pinion shaft for setting up the digits; a series of digit-pinions fixed to said shaft; laterallyshiftable digit-pieces for operating said pinions; means for independently rotating said digit-pieces; means for shifting said digitpieces laterally into and out of operative line with said digit-pinions to thereby drive said digit-pinions and shaft in one direction only; and means for each digit-piece for preventing accidental shifting thereof said preventing means comprising two coacting portions one of which has a plurality of surfaces perpendicular to the axis of the digit-pieces.

9. In a calculating-machine; a digit-pinion shaft for setting up the digits; a series of digit-pinions fixed to said shaft; laterallyshiftable digit-pieces for operating said pinions; means for independently rotating said digit-pieces; means for shifting said digit pieces laterally into and out of operative line with said digit-pinions to thereby drive said digit-pinions and shaft in one direction only, and a slot-and-pin device for each digit-piece for preventing accidental shifting thereof, the slotted part having plane surfaces perpendicular to the axis of said digit-piece.

10. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a key-operated toothed driving-sector, a set of shiftable and rotatable digitpieces operated thereby, and having a wideface gear always in mesh with the drivingsector irrespective of the lateral position of the latter; a universal member, a set of digitpinions on said universal member one for each digit-piece; a digit-sector on each digitpiece for driving said digit-pinions when in line therewith and leaving them still when not in line therewith; pins; cams on each digit-piece adapted to contact one of said pins for shifting the respective digit-sector into and out of line with its digit-pinion and a wall extending circumferentially on each digit-piece, part way from one cam to the other and adapted to contact said pin for preventing premature shifting of the digit-piece.

11. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a key-operated toothed driving-sector, a shiftable and rotatable digit-piece operated thereby and having a wide face-gear always in mesh with the driving-sector irrespective of the lateral position of the latter; a digit-pinion, a digit-sector on said digitpiece adapted to drive said digit-pinion when in line therewith and leaving it still when not in line therewith; a stationary pin; cams on said digitpiece adapted to contact said pin for shifting the digit-sector into and out of line with said digit-pinion; a wall extending circumferentially on the digit-piece, part way from one cam to the other and adapted to contact said wall for preventing premature shifting of the digit-sector, and two other walls on said digit-piece one leading up to each of said cams, said last two walls being also adapted to contact said pin for preventing excess shifting of the digit-piece.

12. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines a set of independently-rotatable and independently-shiftable digit-pieces each hav ing two shifting-cams thereon with a dividing-wall between them; and stationary pins adapted to coact with said cams to effect the shifting of the digit-pieces and to coact with said wall to prevent shifting of the digitpieces intermediate of the actions of the cams.

13. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a reciprocatory digit-piece movable forward and backward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece, into connection with said universal member for the forward movement of the digit-piece, and out of connection for the backward movement of the digit-piece, and means for preventing the forward movement of said digit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member.

1 In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece, and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, and means for preventing the forward rotation of said digitpiece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member.

15. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece, and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, and means for preventing the forward rotation of said digitpiece, when the latter is out of connection with said universal member.

16. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating dilferent amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece, and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, and means for preventing the forward rotation of said digitpicce when the latter is out of connection with said universal member, said preventing means being rendered operative or non-operative by the digit-piece and being operative when the digit-piece is in one lateral position and non-operative in the other lateral position substantially as described.

17. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece, and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, and a ratchet-andpawl device for preventing the forward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member.

18. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward andforward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece, and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, a ratchet and a pawl for preventing the forward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member, said ratchet and pawl being relatively shiftable for moving into and out of the line of engagement.

19. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece, and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece; a ratchet and a pawl for preventing the forward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member, said ratchet being shiftable into and out of line with said pawl.

20. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece, and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece; a ratchet and a pawl for preventing the forward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member, said ratchet being mounted upon the digit-piece and being shiftable therewith into and out of line with said pawl.

21. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connection with the universal member and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece and a ratchet and pawl for preventing the forward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member, the pawl being laterally fixed and having a fixed pivot and the ratchet being on the digit-piece and shiftable therewith into and out of line with said pawl.

22. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward and shiftable so as to occupy two positions laterally, said digit-piece being active when in one lateral position and non-active in the other; and a ratchct-and-pawl device for preventing rotation of said digit-piece when the same is in one of its two lateral positions, one part of the ratchet-and-pawl device being on said digit-piece and the other part being LOO stationary, and the parts of the ratchet-andpawl device being out of line with each other when the digit-piece is on one lateral position, and in line with each other when the digitpiece is in the other lateral position, whereby the digit-piece may freely rotate except in one direction when in one lateral position, for the purpose described.

23. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piece, a pawl and a reciprocatory and shiftable ratchet operated by said digit-piece and connected thereto for arresting the movement thereof, said ratchet being shiftable into and out of line with said pawl and designed to move forward when out of line with said pawl and backward when in line therewith, and the teeth of said ratchet being so faced as to engage said pawl only when said ratchet moves in a forward direction in line therewith.

24. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piece rotatable backward and forward and shiftable so as to occupy two positions laterally, said digitpiece being active when in one lateral position and non-active in the other; a pawl; and a ratchet shiftable into and out of line with said pawl said ratchet being reciproeatorily mounted and operated by said digit-piece and connected thereto for preventing the rotation thereof when the pawl is in engagement with said ratchet.

25. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piece rotatable back and forth and shiftable so as to occupy two positions laterally, said digit-piece being active when in one lateral position and non-active in the other; a pawl; and a ratchet mounted on said digit member and shiftable therewith into and out of line with said pawl, said ratchet being adapted to arrest the digit-piece and being designed to be out of line with said pawl when said digit member is rotating forward, and in line with said pawl when said digitpiece is rotating backward, and the teeth of said ratchet being faced so as not to engage said pawl when said digit-piece is rotating backward, but to engage said pawl when said digit member is rotating forward.

26. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmaehines, a rotatable universal member rotating different amounts de 'iending upon the value of the digit to be registered; a digitpiece rotatable forward and backward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with said universal member; means for rotating said digitpiece backward and forward; means for shift-- ing said digit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forward rotation of said digit-piece and out of connection with said universal member for the backward rotation of said digit-piece; means for preventing the accidental shifting of said digit-piece; and means for preventing the forward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universal member.

In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG.

Vitnesses:

HOWARD M. Cox, IN. IN. Pam.

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