US800157A - Telegraphy. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SBET. 26, 19,05.

PQW. JONES. TELEGRAPHY. PPLIATION FILED APR. 3, 1905.

PATENT OEEIOE.

i EEANois w. JONES, OE NEw YORK, N. Y.

TELEGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26, 1905.

Application iiled April 3, 1905. Serial No.- 253,381.

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, FRANOIS W. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, in the county and State of Newl York, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.`

My invention relates to multiple telegraphs of the class in which one or more sets of signals are transmitted by varyinga continuous current, each elemental part of the code or signal being composed of a straight current impulse of one or the other polarity, such elements varying in length or duration, and one or-more additional sets of signals transmitted by varying the length and succession of groups of short and rapid current alternations, each elemental partof the code or signal being composed of short andrapid current alternations divided into groups of varying length and predetermined succession. VIn other words, one set of signals may be transmitted by a code like the Morse code, where dots and dashes are formed of straight current impulses varying in length and succession, while the second set of signals may be4 transmitted by the same code, the dots and dashes being formed of groups of rapid alternations of current of varying length and succession.

The object of my invention is to increase the carrying capacity of a conductor or circuit-and the effectiveness of transmitted impulses at the receiving-station.

I provide a telegraph-circuit having terminal stations equipped with balanced apparatus in the form of apolar duplex,\where signals are transmitted by reversals of straight current impulses, to which I sometimes add a neutral side or set of signals, where Variations'in current strength are'employed for a second set of signals. On such aduplex or quadrupleX circuit I superpose one or more sets of signals to be transmitted and received by throwing upon the line groups of short and rapid reversals of current, the groups being divided into relatively long and short groups with suitable spaces betweenl groups to represent the Morse or similar code. At each such point or station there is a local or separate circuit containing an alternating-current generator and la suitable receiving instrument, each in a branch by itself and both inductively connected with the main line or circuit through the medium of a transformer. Between each terminal station and the rstor adjacent transformer I place' a suitable convthe return-conductor.

erated by the key 3, the

denser in a branch line connected to earth or Between the point of connection of this condenser branch and the terminal station I place an inductance, which may be an electromagnet or a coil with amovable core, by which-the inductance maybe graduated. To compensate for the presence of these added instruments in the main line or circuit, the articial lines at the terminal stations are provided with devices which impart the same capacity, resistance, and inductance occurring or appearing in the main line, and these electrical and electromagnetic charac- .teristics are arranged in the artificial line in the same succession and with the same effect in which they appear in the neutral line. By .this means I-am enabled to operate between intermediate points or stations simultaneously with the exchange of two or four com- `munications between terminal stations, and

'thus increase the carrying capacity of the wire or circuit.

The accompanyingfdrawing illustrates my invention.

a; and b are two terminal stations. station there is a balanced polar relay r, havingl one coil in the main line and a differential coil in the artificial line. There is a pole-changing transmitter p controlling two straightcurrent-machine generators and y of opposite polarity. There is a condenser k ink a branch circuit around each generator to form a path aroundthe generators for any alternating impulses that may pass the branch 7 at the substation. The instruments at station a are the same as those at station b, except as regards the artificial line toY be described.

1 and 2 are Morse keys, each controlling a local circuit and the pole-changing transmitter p.

c and Z are two intermediate stations.

If we assume that station a is New York and station is Boston, station c Bridgeport and station 0l Hartford, we shall have a con- At each l crete idea of the arrangement andrelative pov 10 11. g is a generator of short and rapid alternations of current in the same local circuit.

t is a continuity-preserving transmitter opsame'key at station 0l being designated 4.

The generator g has one brush connected to the primary of the transformer e by the wire I'Io 9. The other brush of g is connected to the contact-stop of the transmitter t by the wire lO. The spring-contact of the transmitter t is connected to the opposite terminal of the transformer by the wire 11.

q is a polarized relay. One terminal is connected to one brush of the generator g by the wire 12. rlhe other terminal of relay q is connected to one plate of the condenser f. The other plate of said condenser is connected to the back contact-stop of the transmitter t by the wire 13. The relay q is a polarized relay and when subjected to alternating currents its tongue stands at an intermediate pointbetween the stops. Upon a cessation of current the spring provided for it holds the tongue against the closed contact-stop. This relay operates the so-called bug-trap-that is. a repeating-sounder in a local circuit operating a reading-sounder through a second local circuit, all as well understood.

21 and 22 represent sectional resistance in the artificial line to balance the ohmic resistance of the main line.

20 represents condensers to give the artificial line the natural capacity possessed by the main conductor m.

C is a condenser in a branch 7, connecting with main line and earth or return-conductor. There is such a branch 7 in close proximity to each stationadjaeent to a terminal stationthat is, the condenser branches 7 are placed upon opposite sides of the stations c CZ.

z' is an inductance preferably having an adiustable iron core. The function of this inductance is to choke or retard impulses Vfrom the generator g and confine such impulses to the section of the line m between the condenser branches 7.

In the artificial line 37 is a condenser having the same capacity as the condenser in the branches 7.

The ohmic resistance between stations a and c is neglected. The ohmic resistance between the stations c and l is one thousand ohms, and l connect the condenser 37 at station on the opposite side of the resistance 21, amounting to one thousand ohms, so that the discharge of the condenser will encounter the same constants in the artificial line that the discharge of the condenser branch 7 encounters in the natural line, the effect on the relay r being equal and opposite as regards time and quantity. t

50 is a transformer having its secondary closed upon itself through a resistance such that the electromagnetic effect in the artificial line at substantially reproduces the effect of the transformer e in the line m at station CZ. The resistance between stations d and c is represented by one thousand ohms, and the resistance 21 in the artificial line at station is one thousand ohms. The device 51 is a transformer with one coil closed on itself to give the same effect as is due to the transformer e at station c. rlhe condenser 27 has the same capacity as the condenser (3 in branch 7 at station c, and the resistance 22 at station is of the same amount as the resistance of the line m between station c and the earth at station a. Referring now to station u, the relative position of the apparatus in the artilieial line is somewhat different. ',lhe condensers 2O are the same; but the condenser 37. having thel same capacity as the condenser (i, branch 7, is not separated by an artilicial resistance interposed between it and the condensers 20, for the reason thatstation c is negligibly near the station a. The transformer 52 has its secondary closed through a resistance to compensate for the transformer c at station e. ',lhe resistance 21 compensates for the resistance of the conductor m between stations c '.lhe transformer 53 with one coil closed through a resistance con'ipensates for the transformer e at station d. The condenser 27 at station ly compensates for the condenser (l in branch 7 at station (Z, and the resistance 22 in the artificial line at station a is equal to the resistance of the conductor fm. between station and the ground at station In the operation o f this apparatus the terminal stations (l` and simultaneously exchange signals and messages by reversals in the polarity ofl straight-current impulses, the transmitters p operating to connect iirst the generator a' and then the generator ,l/ to line, thus marking the beginning and termination of the elements of a code-signal. 'lhe relay 7' is balanced and neutral to outgoing signals while responding to incoming signals from the distant terminal station, the artificial line at each terminal station being equipped with characteristic devices in ell`ect and in relative position such that transmitted impulses are equal in the opposing coils of the home relay fr. An additional set of signals is simultaneously exchanged with those just described between the stations r and (I. The generators 0 are continuously operating. When the key 3 at station c is closed, the generator g is placed on a closed circuit t) 1() 11, including` the primary of the transformer e, Impulses are reproducedin the line iny and in the transformer e at station (Z, appearing in the local circuit which norn'ially includes the branches 11 13, condenser f, polarized relay q, wires l2 and 9. rl.`he dots and dashes due to the operation of the keys 3 or t are composed of groups of alternating impulses of varying length. The alternations on the line m travel over a circuit including thc condenser branches 7 and the earth or return conductor between said branches. rlhese iinpulses do not pass the condenser branches 7 because of the presence of the inductanec What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Two intermediate stations having means for exchanging signals by dividing an alternating current into groups of varying length said means consistlng of an lntermediate sec-y ductively connected with the line, including a suitable relay, an alternating generator and a transmitting device; in combination with two terminal stations having means for simultaneously exchanging two sets of signals by dividing a continuous current into impulses of Varying length said means consisting of a connection with said main line vand an articial line, 'at each terminal; a differential relay having one coil in each line, a transmitter branch connected to the main and artificial lines including a transmitting device, suitable generator and means in said artificial line for establishing a coincident balance of` electrostatic and electromagnetic effects, said means consisting of the following devices connected with respect to said articial line in the order named, c'. e. a condenser 20 to balance the static capacity of the line, a resistance 21 to balance the resistance of the line between stations I) and d, an inductance to balance inductance iV at station d, a resistance 21 to balance the resistance of the line betweenstations 0l and c, an inductance 51 to balance inductance 7l at station c, a' condenser 27 to balance-condenser C at station c and a resistance 22 to balance the line-resistance between stations c and a.

2. Two intermediate stations having meansV for exchanglng lsignals by d1v1d1ngV an alter-` nating current into groups of varying length said means consisting of an intermediate vsection of a main telegraph-line, two condensers,l each having one plate connected to said line and one to the ground and two inductances in the line, outside oit' and adjacent to said condensers; and at each station a local circuit inductively connected with the line, including a suitable relay, an alternating generator and a transmitting device; in combination with two terminal stations having means for simultaneously exchanging two sets of signals by dividing a continuous current into impulses of varying length said means consisting of a connection with said nnainl line and an arti- 'cial line, at each terminal; a differential relay having one coil in each-line, a transmitter branch connected to the main and artificial lines including a transmitting device, suitable generator and means in said artificial line for establishing'a coincident balance of electrostatic and electromagnetic effects, said means consisting of the following devices connected with respect to said artificial line in the order in which the same effects occur in the main line c'. e. a condenser to balance the static capacity of the line, a sectional resistancefto balance the sectional resistance's of the line between stations, inductances to balance the inductances at the intermediate stations, and condensers to balance the condensers in the branch lines atthe intermediate stations.

FnANcis w. JONES.

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