US800148A

US800148A - Smelting or melting furnace.

Info

Publication number: US800148A
Application number: US20300104A
Authority: US
Inventors: Arthur B Griffen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1904-04-13
Filing date: 1904-04-13
Publication date: 1905-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 1922-09-26

Description

PATBNTED SEPT. 26, 1905.

. A.r B. GRIPFEN. SMBLTING 0R MELTING PURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED `IAPR.. 13.1904.

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PATENTED SEPT. 26, 1905 A. B. GRIFFEN.

SMBLTING 0R MELTING FURN'ACE. APPLICATION FILED Arn`.1a,19o4.

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...galli uN1TED STATES ARTHUR E. GRIEEEN, E vERoNA, NEW JERSEY.

SMELTING OR MELTING FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept. 2s, 1905.

Application filed April 13,1904. Serial No. 203.001.

To atZZvwh/om it may concern: i

Be it known that I, ARTHUR B. GRIEEEN, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, residing at Verona, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smelting or Melting Furnaces, of which the following is a specifi- `cation.

My invention has reference in general to meltmg or smelting furnaces of that class 1n which thegmol'ten charge is removed by tilting the furnace, and in particular it relates to re- :verberatory furnaces in which the charge is melted by the use of liquid, gaseous, or equivalent fuel in connection with a suitable burner n Y or burners.

brass-when being melted in the furnace for My invention has for its objects, first, to reduce'to the greatest possibleextent the vol- -atilization or distillation of the volatile constituents of alloys-such, for instance, as

the purposes of casting or running off; secondly, to vimprove and simplify the general construction and operation of furnaces having two heating-chambers. Y

To these ends my invention consists in the features of construction hereinafter described, i

Fig. 2, showing the furnace partially tiltedl into a position for taking up the ladle. 6 is a similar view showing the furnace in a Fig.

-pouring position. .Fig 7 is a detail view showing a special construction for the ladle 4and its carrying-arms.

Similar letters and numerals of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views ofthe drawings.

Referring now to the drawings, the letter A designates the body of the furnace, which is preferably Ymade in cylindrical form and consists, as usual, of a metallic shell l, having a suitable refractory lining 2-for instance, -fire-brick-and its heads 3 andl provided with usual

hollow trunnions

5 and 6, for which suitable bearings are provided in the end frames B.

In the present example I have shown th

trunnions

5 and 6 grooved peripherally and resting on supporting-rollers 7, mounted in theend frames, so as torender the operation of oscillating or tilting the furnace-body as easy as possible. For tilting or oscillating the furnace I make use of a worm 8, having bearings in the end frames B and provided with a suitable operating handle or wheel C. This Worm engages withv a worm-wheel 9, mounted on a shaft 10, having at its opposite end a gear-wheel 11, engaging with a circular rack or gear 12, formed on the front head 3. Of course it is to be understood that any other suitable means for oscillating or tilting the furnace-body can be substituted` for that shown, theb particular means employed forming no part of my present invention.

In theforms of tilting melting-furnaces heretofore used the charge took upthe entire hearth formed by the lower portion of the ing-flame was introduced at opposite ends of the cylinder, or in some cases only at one end, the whole forming substantially a reverberatory furnace in which thel charge was brought int'oa molten condition and was discharged directly from the hearth by tilting or oscillatmanner.

. According to my invention, I form the cylindrical furnace-body with two distinct but one from the other by a partition P, having an eccentric opening a therein for establishing communication for the passage of molten metal from one chamber to the other when the furnace-body is oscillated or tilted in the proper direction. The two chambers are arranged in axial line, and thechamber E, Ishall hereafter term the preheating chamber and lthe chamber D the augmenting-chamber, the latter being `heated to a temperature exceeding that of the preheating-chamber by several' hundred degrees.

The preheating-chamber E is provided with a charging-opening e for the -introduction of the material or metal to be heated, which said opening serves also as a discharge for the gases or Iiame and may or may not be placed in communication with a chimney, according tocircumstances cylinder or other furnace-body and a heatcommunicating chambers Dand E, divided The augmenting-chamber ing the furnace-body or by tappingin a usual is provided With a pouring-opening d, which during the melting of the charge is closedby a suitable cover f, of refractory material. The jet or iiamejpreferably that produced by an oil-burner (shown by broken lines in Fig. 2) of well-known construction, is introduced through the hollow journal 5 and passing through the augmenting-chamber D and the opening (t in the partition P enters the preheating-chamber E, containingthe charge, and i passes out through the charging-opening e. A second burner F (also indlcated by hnes1n In the normal or melting position of the furnace-body A the. opening t in :the partition P is near the top j of the furnace or above the level of the charge l and to the rear of its .center line, as shown in 1 Fig. 3, and the charge molten in thechamber E consequently remains in said chamber wlnle the furnace-body is in its normal position.

By turning the furnace-body in the direci tion 4of arrow 10, Fig. S-that is` in a direc- .tion reverse to that in which it is turned for 1 pouring-through an angle of approximately ninety degrees the `two chambers D and E are brought into communication at tor near their 1 bottoms through the partition-opening, and the molten material flows from the chamber E into the chamber D. Before the time of transfer of the molten metal the ame at the burner or burners is shut off, and consequently cont-act of the molten metal with air-oxidizing flame is avoided.

In order to take up the .entire .charge from the chamber E, the chamber D is made larger in diameter than the chamber E or its bottom is located at a lower level than that of chamber D. If the furnace-body is now turned in the direction for pouring--that is, in the direction of arrow ll, Fig. 3-the charge passes through the pouring-opening d into the ladle or mold, as the case may be, its escape from one chamber into the other being prevented by the partition-wall P, Fig. 6.

It will readily be understood that when the molten metal, which is brought close but not quite to the pouring condition in the chamber E, enters the chamber D it meets with the highly-heated walls of the same and is quickly raised to the proper temperature for casting. By this means I reduce volatilization of metals or such alloys as contain volatile constituents in the preheating-chamber, as I can employ temperatures somewhat below that necessary for placing the 'material in a condition for pouring and then quickly raise the temperature to the proper degree without the charge being subjected to an oxidizing-flame, and so reduce loss by volatilization in the augmenting-chamber.

In tilting of oscillating furnaces of the type generally employed it has heretofore been necessary to shift the position of the receiving-ladle G with the turning movement of the furnace so as to follow the movement of the pouring-opening with theladle,and to approximately empty the furnace it was necessary to pass the handles of the ladle at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the furnace. 'l`o avoid this inconvenience and loss ol time, l attach to the shell of the furnace-body adjacent to the pouring-openings supports ll ll, provided with bearing for the carryingarms f7 g' of the ladle (gl, Figs. .3, (S, and i. In order to clear the framework of the lurnace, I preferably make the single carryingarm g of the ladle sectional, Fig. 7, and detach the same when the ladle is hung on the furnace, so that the ladle can move with the furnace throughout its complete throw. Any suitable means, such as the tongue-aml-socket connection rf i', Fig. 7, may be used for readily connecting and disconnecting' the two sections of one of the carrying-arms.

In tilting furnaces of the character herein described considerable inconvenience has been caused by the burning away of the lire-brick or refractory lining at and surrounding the pouring and charging openings, as well as the burning away of the surrounding iron shell in view of the locally-applied intense heat, thus necessitating the shutting down of the furnace for repairs. To enable ready repairs to be made, I make use of separate throatpieces I and J for both the charging and pouring openings, Figs. l, Q, and 3. These are formed or built up of lire-clay or other refractory material and held in position by suitable metallic collars y' and j, bolted or otherwise secured to the shell 1. These throatpieces can be readily replaced when burned or worn out in a very short space of time.

I/Vhile I have herein shown the furnace-body in cylindrical form, it is of course to be understood that it may be made in other forms while retaining all the advantages pertaining to the cylindrical construction.

While in the present example I have shown the pouring-opening (Z arranged substantially in line with the charging-opening a, the pouring-opening may be located in the leadl of the charging-opening for the purpose of pouring` from the chamber I) without disturbing the contents in the chamber E. rlvhis form is particularly intended for continuous-feed furnaces-that is to say, those in which only part of the charge is conducted from chamber E to chamber D, while new material is fed through the charge-opening. To this same end the furnace could be radially tapped at the chamber D below the pouring-openingthat is,

near the bottom of the hearth.

Vhat I claim as new isl. A furnace comprising a tiltable body provided with two chambers arranged in horizontal line, one of said chambers constituting a preheating-chamber, and the other an augmenting-chamber, a vertical partition between the two chambers having an eccentric opening for establishing communication between the IOO IIO

pouring.

2. A furnace comprising a cylindrical, tiltable body provided with two `chambers arranged in the longitudinal direction of the furnace and separated by a partition having an eccentric opening, a charging-opening leading to the one chamber, ai pouring-opening from the other chamber; said openings to the several chambers and the opening in the partition being so relatively disposed as to permit the discharge of molten metal from one chamber to the other, and the discharge of the molten metal through the pouring-opening when the furnace is correspondingly tilted.

3. A furnace having two chambers mounted to rotate together and communicating with one another through a port, eccentric to the axis of rotation, for establishing communication for the passage of flames or gases from one chamber to the other when the material is being melted and for permitting the passage of the moltenfmaterial from one toA the other when the two chambers are rotated.

4. A furnace comprising a tiltable body provided with two chambers arranged in horizontal line, and a vertical partition between said chambers having an eccentric opening for establishing communication for the passage of flames or gases from one chamber to the other when the body-is in its melting position, and

. for establishing communication between the chambers for the passage of the molten metal from one` to the other when the body is tilted.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribingn witnesses.

ARTHUR GRIFFEN.

Witnesses:

RAENA H. YUDIZKY, AgFABER DU FAUR, Jr.