US799693A - Concrete-mold. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 19 1905.

I. D.'TRUSS. GONGRETB MOLD. APPLICATION FILED MAY a1, 1906.

Witnooow Jfl Truss ANDREW. a (mum cu, PHQTO-LITNBHHAPMERS. msumswm n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1905.

Application filed May 31, 1905. Serial No. 262,977.

To all whom, it may concern..-

Be it known that I, J AMES D. TRUss, a citizen of the United States, residing at Eastlake, in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama, have invented new and useful Improvements in Concrete-Molds, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in molds and molding apparatus for the building of concrete, cement, and other composition walls.

It is the object of my invention to facilitate the construction of walls and buildings made of cement or concrete compositions by providing molding apparatus which may be readily handled by unskilled labor, so as to build any character of wall,-whether battered, stepped, or parallel.

.My invention comprises means to accurately maintain the vertical alinement of the wall and to provide for the ready adjustment of the mold-boxes.

It also comprises means for forming the curved corners for the walls and projections to thicken the wall at points desired for the formation of fines or the reception of framework.

More particularly, my invention comprises the use of vertical guide-posts and adjustable mold-supporting means which are provided with devices to space them from the guideposts and maintain them in any desired relative position to each other.

These and other improvements in the details of construction and arrangement of parts are hereinafter more fully described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an end elevation illustrating a construction of the mold-supporting devices in position for forming walls with parallel sides. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the mold adjusted for forming a wall having a slanting face. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of my improved molding apparatus in place for forming an angled wall. Fig. 4 is a perspective detail view of the hinge-support for the front plate of the mold. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view across the channel-supporting iron and illustrating the manner of laterally adjusting the mold-supports.

Similar reference-numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

In utilizing my present invention to construct a wall 1 first set up a number of vertical guide-posts, preferably two for each mold-box, and arrange them at a distance of several inches from the outer face of the wall to be built. I then take mold-boxes comprising front plates 2 and back plates 3, respectively, connected at their ends to upright bars 4 and 5, which are pivotally connected in the manner hereinafter described to transverselydisposed channel-irons 6. The bars 4 are each provided with two metal plates 7, having a central opening on either side of which are disposed two journal-brackets 8. A spacerbar 9 is adapted to be inserted between the brackets 8 and is provided with a pivot-pin 10, which rests thereon, and a stop 11, which engages the lower end of the plate and arrests the downward swing of the spacer when it reaches a true vertical position to the side of the bar 4:. These two spacers 9 are equal in size and are provided with curved end portions 12, struck on an are from their pivotpoint and adapted to bear against the guideposts 1 when the bar 4 is drawn toward the latter by means of a strap 13, which engages the bar 4 and passes behind the post 1, where its end is angled and a wedge 14: inserted between this angled end and the post. When by means of the strap and wedge the bar 4 is drawn toward the vertical post 1, the spacers 9 engage the posts and serve to maintain the front plate in a true vertical position, as it will be parallel with the posts. The arced bearing end of the spacers permits of their having a slight angular variation from a horizontal position without changing their spacing effect.

The upper end of the bar A enters the channel in the channel-iron 6, a clearance of about one inch existing on each side between the bar and the sides 15 of the iron. Sufficient clearance is left between the upper ends of. the bars 4 and 5 and the top of the channel-iron to permit the latter bars to swing outwardly a sufficient distance to disengage the mold from the wall. As only about one inch is necessary for this purpose, this clearance need not be large. The fact that the manner of supporting the channel-irons permits of their angular adjustment also enables the bars 4: and 5 to have a wider range of angular adjustment. An elongated plate 16 is secured to the inner face of each bar 4 at its upper end. This plate is IIO these plates 17 and is provided with an opening 19 for the reception of a pivot-bolt 20, which is passed transversely through suitable apertures in the sides 15 of a channel-iron. The upper end of the plate is provided with a raised shoulder 21, which is engaged by the link 18 and is adapted to be filed or cut away to permit this link when in engagement therewith to hang parallel with the bar 4. As I intend to cast these plates 16, the irregularity in the-casing which might afiect this parallelism will be provided for by filing away the shoulder 21.- It "will be noted that the bars 4 engage the links 18 opposite to their pivotpoint, while the other connection between the links and bars is several inches below this point. This gives two points for determining adjustment, which will prove of particu lar advantage where the adjusting framework :for the mold serves as a brace between posts. As used for this purpose it will be noted in Fig. 1 that two braces are disposed between the guide-posts.

The posts 4 and 5 above the sides of the mold are connected by straps 22, whose adjacentends are threaded and engaged by a turnbuckle 23, which provides for their ready adjustment or separation, as occasion may require. The upper end of the bar 5 is provided with a plate 24, having a perforated lug or ear through which a pivot pin or bolt 25 passes and secures the bar to the channel-iron 6. It will be noted that the channel-iron is provided with a number of openings 26, any desired number of which may be provided to enablethe bars 4 and 5 to have their pivotpoints adjustable to and from each other.

In operation after the front and rear plates of the mold have been set up in a vertical position parallel with posts 1 and spaced apart by removable struts concrete is introduced and packed down, after which the struts are removed and the bottom layer of the wall thus formed allowed to harden. hen this has occurred, the straps 13 are loosened and the spacers thrown upwardly to allow the moldplates to be disengaged from the wall by operating the turnbuckles to spread them apart. It will be noted that the front plate by means of its link-hinge Will swing outwardly while maintaining its parallelism with the wall. This enables it to clear the wall Without striking the posts 1, which may be very close to the Wall when formed with projections. The mold-plates will then be lifted until they overlap the top of the wall about six inches, when the spacers are lowered, the straps 13 tightened, and the turnbuckles operated to cause the plates to clamp the wall. dent that the posts and spacers will preserve the vertical alinement of the front face of the wall and that by using the Wall itself as a spacer for the back plate it will cooperate It will be eviof the wall parallel with the front. The mold is again filled with concrete and this operation repeated until the wall is of the desired height, it being noted that the handling of the molds and the construction-work is so simple that it can be performed without requiring skilled labor, and therefore more economically than concrete walls can now be built.

When the mold-platesare of considerable length, I brace them at intermediate points to prevent spreading by providing two or more sets of bars 4 and 5, connected to "the plates at any desired point and connected overhead by channel-irons 6, to which they are pivoted in the manner already described. Turnbucklcs and straps are used to adjust the plates. It is not necessary to provide guideposts 1 for intermediate points, so the spacers 9 for these braces may be dispensed with.

Where it is desired to build a battered wall, the guide-posts 1' will be disposed on the side of the wall having the vertical face and bars 5 will be set at the desired angle for the battered face and held in this position relatively to the bars 4 by straps 22, turnbuckles 23, and chains 27, connected to hooks 28, connected to the bars 5. As the wall rises the pivot-points for the bars 5 will be adjusted. by means of openings 26, nearer to the pivotpoints of the bars 4, the openings 26 being suitably arranged for different angles of 'inclination. As the bars approach each other the slack in the adjusting means for holding them together is taken up by bringing the hooks 28 into engagement with the several links of the chain 27 and adjusting for intermediate spacing by means of the turnbuckle. The spacers being readily removable, I can build the wall with projections or ornamenta tions Without changing the guide-posts by using shorter spacers, which enables me to bring the front plate of the mold closer to the posts.

In forming curved corners for the walls I provide the corresponding adjacent ends of the sides of two molds with countersunk recesses in their inner faces, in which are inserted curved metal plates 29, held in place by rivets or bolts 30. These plates curve outwardly in the desired arc and at their outer ends overlap a vertically-disposed plate 31, carrying two or more studs, which pass between the free ends of the plates and through suitable openings in arc-plates 82. Nuts engage the threaded ends of these studs and draw the plates 32 and the plate 31 together to lock the plates 29 in position. To remove the mold, it is only necessary to unscrew the nuts, when the plates 32 may be disengaged from the plates 29 and the latter spread outwardly to disengage them from the wall.

To form any desired projections or enlargements along the sides of the wall, I provide short side pieces for a mold, such as-33 in Fig. 1. Bent plates 34 are connected to these side pieces, which are countersunk to receive them. These plates project outwardly from the sides of the mold at slightlyconverging angles to enable the side to be removed outwardly from the wall, the link-hinge for the side of the mold being of particular advantage in this connection to facilitate its being moved to clear the wall. The angled ends of the plates 34 have a plate 35 inserted between them and the interior of the mold to prevent the escape of the composition between the meetingedges of the plates. A clearance is provided between the adjacent ends of moldplates to enable them to be moved toward each other sufficiently to withdraw them from between the inelosing sides of the constructed wall. This clearance is covered by a plate 37 to prevent escape of concrete. In this connection the clearance between the upper ends of the bars 4 and 5 and the sides 15 of the channel-irons will permit these bars to be moved sidewise an inch, the links 18 sliding on their pivot-pins 20; This movement will give sufficient adjustment to the molds to enable them to be separated from the wall at angles or corners for the purpose of removal. The several channel-irons carrying the supporting-frames for the mold may be lifted by ropes, chains, or bars 38 by hand or with any desirable hoisting apparatus.

Where a low wall or curbing is to be built, the guide-posts may be dispensed with and my molding apparatus successfully employed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with the outer wall of a mold, of a vertical guide-post, means to connect said wall to said post, and pivoted spacer members carried by said wall and adapted to engage said post.

2. The combination with the outer wall of a mold, of supporting members connected thereto, vertical guide-posts adjacent to said members, hinged spacer devices carried by said members and adapted to engage said posts, and means to stop said devices when they have swung to a position at right angles to said members.

3. The combination with a concrete-mold,

of vertical guide-posts therefor, interchangeable spacer members pivotally connected to said mold and adapted to engage said posts.

4. The combination of a concrete-mold, of vertical guide-posts therefor, pivoted spacer members disposed between said mold and posts, said members having curved bearingsurfaces on their free ends struck substantially on an are from the pivot-point.

5. The combination with the outer wall of a mold, of bars pivotally supported from cross members and connected to said wall, spacer devices pivotally connected to said bars and adapted to swing downwardly to a position at right angles thereto, vertical guide-posts, and

asliding adjustable connection between said posts and bars whereby said spacer devices are drawn into engagement with said posts.

6. The combination in a concrete-mold, of front and back plates, members pivotally suspended from a cross-bar and connected to said plates. a link connection to the members carried by one plate to enable it to swing outwardly while maintaining its parallelism to said other plate, means to adjust said other plate respectively to said first-mentioned plate, vertical guide-posts adjacent to said link-supported plate, and means to space said plate from said posts.

7. The combination in a concrete-mold, of front and back plates, means to adjustably connect said plates to a cross-piece and to each other, vertical guide-posts, and means to space one of said plates from said posts.

8. The combination in a concrete-mold, of

front and back plates, arms rigidly connected thereto, cross members to which oppositelydisposed arms are pivotally connected, and means comprising threaded members and a turnbuckle for adjusting said plates relatively to each other.

9. The combination in a concrete-mold, of front and back plates, arms connected thereto, a cross member above said plates, means to adjustably pivot said arms to said member, and screw adjusting devices engaging said arms near said plates and serving to hold them in any desired adjustment.

10. The combination of a concrete-mold having front and back plates, and a transverse member disposed above said plates and con nected thereto, the connection for one of said plates comprising a link pivoted at one end to an intermediate point of a bar carried by said plate and at the other end to said transverse member. the upper end of said bar being adapted to engage said link near its upper end, for the purposes described.

11. The combination with mold-plates, of arms connected thereto, a cross member, and a journal-support for said arms upon which they are adapted to swing said mold-plates to and from each other and upon which they are capable of lateral movement to adjust the mold-plates sidewise.

12. The combination with mold-plates, of arms connected thereto, channel-irons disposed across the mold, and means to pivotally connect said. arms to journal-bolts in said channel-irons, said means being adapted to slide on said bolts to provide lateral adjustment.

13. The combination with mold-plates, of transversemembers disposed above said plates, links pivotally connected to one of said plates and to said transverse members, stop means acting through said link-support to maintain said link and plate parallel, and means to con-- nect said other plate to said members.

14. The combination with mold-plates, of

left between adjacent ends of two or more back mold-plates, a closure-plate to prevent escape of concrete through said clearance, and pivoted supporting members for said back mold-plates which have lateral play on their pivots.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES D. TRUSS.

W'itnesses:

A. R. FoRsYTH, W. E. DOUGLAS.

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