US798773A - Wall construction and blocks therefor. - Google Patents

Wall construction and blocks therefor. Download PDF

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Publication number
US798773A
US798773A US21964704A US1904219647A US798773A US 798773 A US798773 A US 798773A US 21964704 A US21964704 A US 21964704A US 1904219647 A US1904219647 A US 1904219647A US 798773 A US798773 A US 798773A
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United States
Prior art keywords
blocks
block
thimble
fastening
construction
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Expired - Lifetime
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US21964704A
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George F Fisher
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8605—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms without spacers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8652—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties located in the joints of the forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wall constructions and blocks therefor. Its primary object is to provide a construction in which cheapness and durability are the essential features and in which composition blocks of improved form are used.
  • composition blocks in which removable fastenings are used which need not be applied until the blocks are used in the construction of the wall; to provide fastenings which are easily applied or removed from the blocks, thereby dispensing with all projecting parts, and providing blocks which can be easily and conveniently shipped without liability of becoming chipped or marred.
  • Figure l is a vertical transverse section of a wall constructed according to my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of a portion of a wall, taken on line 2 2, Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section taken on a plane adjacent the locking-wedges.
  • Fig. 4: is a horizontal section taken on line 4 4:, Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section through the upper part of a block, showing the manner of applying the fastening thereto.
  • Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 6 6, Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged vertical section of the adjacent portions of two blocks, showing the manner of tying the same together.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a portion of a wall, taken on line 2 2, Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section taken on a plane adjacent the locking-wedges.
  • Fig. 4: is a horizontal section taken on line
  • Fig. 8 is a detached perspective view of one of the thimbles embedded in the blocks.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the blocks with a portion thereof broken away to disclose one of the thimbles embedded therein.
  • Fig. 10 is a detached perspective view of one of the fastening-irons.
  • the letter A designates the foundation of the wall, which may be of any approved construction, and B designates the blocks set edge upon edge, arranged in two vertical rows and connected in a manner to be hereinafter described.
  • the space formed between the two rows of blocks in building the wall I fill with concrete O or other suitable material. This, however, I do not claim, and the wall may be built in any other manner.
  • the building-blocks are formed of cement or any composition suitable to form artificial building-blocks, and preferably in the upper and lower edges of these blocks cylindrical thimbles I) are embedded with the upper ends thereof flush with the edge of the block.
  • These thimbles are three in number, two of which are embedded in the upper edge of the block near opposite ends thereof, the remaining one being embedded in the lower edge of the block about midlength thereof. In molding the blocks the thimbles are so disposed that the composition material will not be forced into the same, and if need be the openings or sockets therein may be plugged up until the block is molded; but in practice I have found this unnecessary.
  • Each thimble has its outer end cut away through one-half of its circumference, as at E, to form shoulders e, and each block is provided with depressions F in opposite edges which extend from the shoulders e of each thimble to the rear face of the block.
  • the depressions F provide convenient seats for angle fastening-irons G, each of which has two arms arranged at a right angle to each other, one arm entering the sleeve and being vertically disposed and the other arm being seated in a horizontal manner in the depression and extending beyond the rear' face of the block.
  • the thickness and width of the metal forming the fastening-irons are such that they [it freely within the cylindrical thimbles; but when the block is fastened said irons are drawn to one side of the longitudinal center of the thimbles, so as to become wedged therein, as shown in Fig- 6.
  • the inwardly-extending free arms of said irons are arranged flush with the edge of the block.
  • each angle fastening-iron is provided with a slot H, and connecting opposing upper fasteningirons of opposite blocks in the two rows are connecting-wires I, said wires passing through the slots and having their ends connected and both strands twisted upon each other to the extent necessary to form a secure fastening between opposite blocks and until the blocks are in perfect alinement with those below.
  • the lower securing-irons are intended to be used as a means to fasten or tie the blocks in which they are held to the blocks directly beneath. This is done by inserting in the slots thereof a wedge J, which bears against the two blocks to tie them together and has its wedge-face coacting with the outer end of the slot. This prevents both independent outward and inward movement of the blocks.
  • Abuilding-block formed of composition material and having a thimble embedded therein and a depression extending from the thimble to the inner face of the block, and'a fastening-iron having one end inserted in said thimble and its intermediate portion lying in said depression with the opposite end thereof projecting from the block.
  • a building-block formed of composition material and having a' socket and a depression extending from the socket to the inner face of the block, and a fastening-iron having one end inserted in said socket and its intermediate portion lying in said depression with the opposite end thereof projecting from the block.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Description

No. 798,773. PATENTED SEPT. 5, 1905.
e. F. FISHER. WALL oousmucnon AND BLOCKS THEREFOR.
APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1904.
2 SHEETS-SHEET l. 1. fltyz.
Z I I J 7 7 z j I if e E 7 a 7 mix 1 Nwx m 0 9 l 5 P B s D B m N E T A P R E H S I L G 3 7 8 9 7 n N WALL CONSTRUCTION AND BLOCKS THEREFOR.
APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 5| 1904.
Z SHEETS-SHEET 2.
eorye )u. dim S4 GEORGE F. FISHER, OF NORTH TONAWVANDA, N.E\V YORK.
WALL CONSTRUCTION AND BLOCKS THEREFOR.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Sept. 5, 1905.
Application filid August 5, 1904. Serial No. 219,647.
To (1.2]. [ch-0111, it may concern.-
Be it known that I, GEORGE F. FISHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at North I Tonawanda, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in \Vall Constructions and Blocks Therefor, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to wall constructions and blocks therefor. Its primary object is to provide a construction in which cheapness and durability are the essential features and in which composition blocks of improved form are used.
Other objects are to provide composition blocks in which removable fastenings are used which need not be applied until the blocks are used in the construction of the wall; to provide fastenings which are easily applied or removed from the blocks, thereby dispensing with all projecting parts, and providing blocks which can be easily and conveniently shipped without liability of becoming chipped or marred.
ith these and other ends in view my in vention consists in the arrangement, construction, and combination of parts to be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical transverse section of a wall constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of a portion of a wall, taken on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section taken on a plane adjacent the locking-wedges. Fig. 4: is a horizontal section taken on line 4 4:, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section through the upper part of a block, showing the manner of applying the fastening thereto. Fig. 6is a horizontal section taken on line 6 6, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an enlarged vertical section of the adjacent portions of two blocks, showing the manner of tying the same together. Fig. 8 is a detached perspective view of one of the thimbles embedded in the blocks. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the blocks with a portion thereof broken away to disclose one of the thimbles embedded therein. Fig. 10 is a detached perspective view of one of the fastening-irons.
Referring to the drawings in detail, like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.
The letter A designates the foundation of the wall, which may be of any approved construction, and B designates the blocks set edge upon edge, arranged in two vertical rows and connected in a manner to be hereinafter described. The space formed between the two rows of blocks in building the wall I fill with concrete O or other suitable material. This, however, I do not claim, and the wall may be built in any other manner.
The building-blocks are formed of cement or any composition suitable to form artificial building-blocks, and preferably in the upper and lower edges of these blocks cylindrical thimbles I) are embedded with the upper ends thereof flush with the edge of the block. These thimbles, as shown in the drawings, are three in number, two of which are embedded in the upper edge of the block near opposite ends thereof, the remaining one being embedded in the lower edge of the block about midlength thereof. In molding the blocks the thimbles are so disposed that the composition material will not be forced into the same, and if need be the openings or sockets therein may be plugged up until the block is molded; but in practice I have found this unnecessary. Each thimble has its outer end cut away through one-half of its circumference, as at E, to form shoulders e, and each block is provided with depressions F in opposite edges which extend from the shoulders e of each thimble to the rear face of the block. The depressions F provide convenient seats for angle fastening-irons G, each of which has two arms arranged at a right angle to each other, one arm entering the sleeve and being vertically disposed and the other arm being seated in a horizontal manner in the depression and extending beyond the rear' face of the block. The thickness and width of the metal forming the fastening-irons are such that they [it freely within the cylindrical thimbles; but when the block is fastened said irons are drawn to one side of the longitudinal center of the thimbles, so as to become wedged therein, as shown in Fig- 6. The inwardly-extending free arms of said irons are arranged flush with the edge of the block. The inwardly-extending free arms of each angle fastening-iron is provided with a slot H, and connecting opposing upper fasteningirons of opposite blocks in the two rows are connecting-wires I, said wires passing through the slots and having their ends connected and both strands twisted upon each other to the extent necessary to form a secure fastening between opposite blocks and until the blocks are in perfect alinement with those below. The lower securing-irons are intended to be used as a means to fasten or tie the blocks in which they are held to the blocks directly beneath. This is done by inserting in the slots thereof a wedge J, which bears against the two blocks to tie them together and has its wedge-face coacting with the outer end of the slot. This prevents both independent outward and inward movement of the blocks. By this arrangement and construction the fastening-irons are easily removed when the blocks are separated; but when used in a wall they are held against withdrawal by the blocks above and below.
I wish it to be understood that my improved building-blocks can be used in the construction of walls in which only a single row of blocks are used, or they may be used in double walls constructed on various plans,
- and although claiming the double-wall construction herein shown I do not wish to limit myself to the use of my improved blocks to such construction.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a building construction, two rows of building-blocks having opposing fasteningirons, and wire connections between said fastening-irons, each of said connections comprising two strands of wire twisted around each other to draw the blocks inward and hold the same in alinement with the blocks below.
2. In a building construction, two rows of building-blocks having opposing fasteningirons, each iron having an aperture therein, and wire connections passing through said apertures, each wire connection having its ends connected to form two strands, said strands being twisted around each other to properly hold the blocks in place.
3. Abuilding-block formed of composition material and having a thimble embedded therein and a depression extending from the thimble to the inner face of the block, and'a fastening-iron having one end inserted in said thimble and its intermediate portion lying in said depression with the opposite end thereof projecting from the block. E
4. A building-block formed of composition material and having a' socket and a depression extending from the socket to the inner face of the block, and a fastening-iron having one end inserted in said socket and its intermediate portion lying in said depression with the opposite end thereof projecting from the block.
5. A building-block formed'of composition material and having a thimble embedded therein, and a depression in the edge of the block extending from the thimble to the rear face of the block, said thimble having a cutaway portion at its upper end to bring a portion of the upper edge of the same in line with the bottom of said depression, and a fastening iron lying in said depression and against the cut-away edge of the thimble with the end thereof inserted in said thimble.
6. A building-block formed of composition material and having a cylindrical thimble embedded therein,and a fastening-iron formed of a flat bar bent at a right angle and having one end thereof fitting into said thimble and drawn to one side of its longitudinal center so as to become wedged therein and its other end projecting from the block.
In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
GEORGE F. FISHER. Witnesses:
CHAS. F. BURKHART, EMIL N EUHART.
US21964704A 1904-08-05 1904-08-05 Wall construction and blocks therefor. Expired - Lifetime US798773A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4976081A (en) * 1987-12-21 1990-12-11 Bally Engineered Structures, Inc. Sandwich panel assembly
US6609340B2 (en) * 1998-01-16 2003-08-26 Eco-Block, Llc Concrete structures and methods of forming the same using extenders
US20050108963A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2005-05-26 Wostal Terry K. Collapsible concrete forms

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4976081A (en) * 1987-12-21 1990-12-11 Bally Engineered Structures, Inc. Sandwich panel assembly
US6609340B2 (en) * 1998-01-16 2003-08-26 Eco-Block, Llc Concrete structures and methods of forming the same using extenders
US20050108963A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2005-05-26 Wostal Terry K. Collapsible concrete forms
US7347029B2 (en) 2002-12-02 2008-03-25 Wostal Terry K Collapsible concrete forms

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