US796756A

US796756A - Hydrocarbon-burner.

Info

Publication number: US796756A
Application number: US13236502A
Authority: US
Inventors: George Turner Phelps
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1902-11-22
Filing date: 1902-11-22
Publication date: 1905-08-08
Anticipated expiration: 1922-08-08

Description

No. 796,756; PATENT'ED AUG. 8, 1905.

' G. T. PHELPS.

HYDROGARBON BURNER. APPLIOATION FILED Nov. z2, 1902.

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UNITED .sTATns PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE TURNER PHELPS, OF UA MBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

HYDROCARBON-BURN ER.

T0 @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it lknown that I, GEORGE TURNER PHELPs, of Cambridge, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specitication, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon-burner, and is embodied in a burner of that class in which the oil is admitted to a vaporiZing-tube, so positioned as to be acted upon by the heat generated by the burner itself and the vapor thus produced injected through an air-space into a chamber entraining a certain amount of air, which, .with the oil-vapor, forms a combustible gas which escapes through openings in the said chamber l and burns at the outside thereof.

Theobject of the invention is to produce a burner of this class which can be simply and inexpensively constructed and in which the gas generated will burn evenly and regularly without tendency to light back or become ignited at the jet-orifice, as is the case with many burners of this class which have been heretofore used.

The invention is further embodied in certain novel details of construction and arrangement, the nature and purpose of which will be hereinafter fully described.

Figure l is a longitudinal section of a burner embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the burner. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section looking toward the left of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section on `the line m4 of Fig. 2 looking toward the left, and Fig. 5 is a detail in section showing the jet.

The oil is fed to a vaporizing-tube a, which is shown as in the form of a loop extending over the top of the burner-chamber L, so that the oil which enters the vaporizing-tube must travel substantially the whole length of the burner-chamber and back subject to the heat of the burner, thus insuring a thorough vaporizing and heating of the oil before it reaches the jet c, with which the vaporizingtube o communicates. The said jet c is at the end of a downward passage communicating with the tube a, the said downward passage in accordance with the present invention being formed by boring a solid casting through from the top and laterally inward at the side, the said casting having a portion c2, which is Speciication of Letters Patent.

Application tiled November Z2, 1902. Serial No. 132,365.

Patented Aug'. 8, 1905.

bored and threaded to receive the end of the tube a, the jet c being similarly formed by boring a small opening laterally to communicate with the longitudinal bore in the casting. The said longitudinal bore is stopped at the end by means of a plug c3, which is preferably screw-threaded and provided with a squared head, so that it can be removed, if necessary, for cleaning.

The jet c is in alinement with a tubular inlet b2, which leadsI some distance into the interior of the burner-chamber the said jet being separated from the ingress end of said tubular passage a sutiicient distance to permit the stream of vaporized oil which issues from the jet to entrain a certain amount of air which mixes with the vapor as the same enters the chamber.

In accordance with the invention the vaporiZing-tube a is supported upon the upper part of the burner-chamber b and may be moved longitudinally with relation thereto to vary the distance between the jet c and the entrance to the tubular inlet Z22, so that the proportion of the air entrained may be Varied as desired, so as to obtain the best possible mixture of air and vapor. A

As herein shown, the upper surface of the burner-chamber Z1 is provided with a lug b4, which projects upward between the legs of the vaporizing-tube a, near the curved end thereof, (see Figs. l and 2,) so as to maintain the said tube in the proper lateral position relative to the top of the burner regardless of any warping or distortion which may take place on account of heat. The tube a may further be held in its adjusted position by means of a strap b5, secured, as by screws b, to the upper member b3 of the chamber, the tube being clamped by said strap when the screws are tightened. It is essential in order to obtain the best results that the jet cshould be properly positioned relative to the tubular inlet b2, it being desirable, of course, that the said jet should be as near as possible to the center of said inlet, and in order to provide for such positioning of the jet the casting in which the jet is formed is provided with wings ci, having shoulders c5, which fit over walls of the extension 57 beyond the tubular inlet b2 to the burner-chamber, the said extension thus not only serving to laterally confine the jet of vapor, but also to position the jet-opening.

As a further feature of the invention the casting in which the jet c is formed is provided with a guide member or rib c, which extends of the tube, as best shown in Fig'. 3.

downward toward the jet-opening and partially surrounds said opening, while the opening itself is countersunk at 07, Fig. 5, so that a pin or suitable prick-point can be easily guided downward toward and into the jetopening to clean the same in case the said opening becomes stopped. rlhis facilitates the freeing of the opening, if clogged, without rendering it necessary to remove the tubes or interfere with the adjustment thereof.

The body portion of the chamber 7) is formed in a single casting having the extension L7 and the tubular inlet portion fintegral therewith, While the top b of the chamber is cast separate, the said top being provided with burnerorilices, which are herein shown as slits 2), which are preferably formed by sawing through the casting of which the upper portion is formed. The said upper portion In rests upon shoulders b, formed in the lower portion, and is positioned by means of a flange bw, projecting' upward above said shoulders, there being a space left which may be filled, if desired, with a strip of asbestos 7212,' the purpose of the loose fit being to prevent distortion d ue to unequal expansion. As herein shown, Figs. 2 and 3, the upper portion 3 is secured to the lower portion by means of bolts 613, the purpose being' mainly to keep the parts together for shipment, since it is not necessary that the top should be secured to the bottom when the burner is in use. These bolts may be loosely iitted, so that they will not prevent independent movement of the parts fastened in case of unequal expansion. I have found it desirable to protect the vaporiZing-tube a to some extent from the direct heat of the burning gas, for the reason that the oil will vaporize more evenly at a low temperature and not be so apt to leave a deposit of carbon in the tube as is the case when the tube is intensely heated. Furthermore, the intense heat of the Iiame, if the iiame is directly under the tube, will eventually burn out the tube, and it is therefore desirable to keep the temperature of the tube as low as is consistent with the complete vaporizing of the oil. To this end the slots through the upper member If of the burnerchamber are arranged to be out of alinement with the tube, that portion of the chamber directly below the tube being completely closed and the tube being subjected to heat from the iiame burning' through two sets of slots bs only, one set of slots being a little to one side of one tubular member of the vaporizing-tube a and the other set a little to one side of the other member. rIhe remaining slots 118 are further removed from the tube, and the tube is shielded from the flame issuing from said slots by means of the shield members l", which project upward from the upper surface of the burner-chamber about to the level of the top rIhese shield members also serve to stiften the upper member 3 of the burner-chamber and prevent the warping thereof and may be reinforced, if desired, by meansof ribs 515, cast along the under side of said upper member.

Between the slots Z280 the upper member of the chamber is provided with ribs or projections f, which extend the whole length of said upper member and form a channel to receive oil to be burned in heating the tube a for starting the burner. As indicated, moreover, short upwardly-extending ribs 617 may be provided for the purpose of holding in place a wick of suitable absorbent substance, such as asbestos, (indicated in Fig. 3 by the reference-letter 61S.) In starting the apparatus, therefore, the tube is directly subjected to the iiame of the burning oil, so that it becomes sufiiciently heated to thoroughly vaporize the oil, which enters through the inlet b2, and as soon as the gas is generated in this way it will leave the chamber b through the burner-openings bs 58 and ignite in the ordinary way. The tube, however, is not subjected directly to the intense heat of the burning gas after the apparatus is started, but is heated mainly by the jets from the slits 58, the flame passing up around the sides of the tube and suiiiciently heating the same Without overheating.

In order to assist in the thorough mixture of the vaporized oil and air within the chamber before it issues through the burner-oriiices in the form of fixed gas, the tubular inlet b2 is supplemented by a passage 510, which projects beyond the said inlet, the said passage being closed at the sides and top and preferably formed, as herein shown, by providing the lower member ofthe chamber with ribs or projections b2", extending upward from the bottom of said chamber at each side of the tubular inlet b2 to the top of the chamber, the said guides projecting nearly to the farther end of the chamber from a point some distance back of the outlet end of the tubular portion 722, as best shown in Fig. l. This prevents the mixture which enters the chamber from passing directly to the burner-slots, the upper portion b3 being closed where it projects over the members Z220, so that the passage b1 is substantially closed at the top, sides, and bottom. rIhe upper portion of said passage may further be partially closed at the top, near the back thereof, by means of a downwardly-projecting rib b21, cast integral with the upper member b3 of the burner-chamber,

there being, therefore, a tendency for the inthe top wall of said chamber; with a vaporizing-tube extending over the said top wall and provided with an oil-inlet and a jet opening or outlet; a tubular member extending into the said chamber, substantially parallel to the top and bottom of said chamber, and in line with the jet-opening; and side and top walls over said tubular member, forming a passage larger than said tubular member, and projecting over and beyond the same, said passage being open at both ends.

2. A hydrocarbon -burner comprising a burner-chamber; avaporizing-tube extending over the top of said chamber and terminating in ajet in alinement with a tubular inlet to said chamber; and shield members projecting upward from the top of the burner-chamber, adjacent to the tube, said chamber being provided with burner-orifices which are adjacent to said tube, but not directly below the same, and with additional burner-orifices between said shield members and the sides of the chamber.

3. The combination with the vaporizingtube; of the burner-chamber; and shield members projecting upward from the upper surface of the burner-chamber adjacent to said tube; the top of the said burner-chamber being provided with a channel below said tube to contain oil and burner-orices between said shield members and the sides of the chamber, and additional burner-orifices between said shield members and said tube, but not directly below the tube, as set forth.

4. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination with the vaporizing-tube and chamber; of a jet member communicating with the outlet end of the vaporizing-tube and having a jet-orifice provided with a countersunk outlet portion; and a guide formed on said jet member and leading to said jet-orifice, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE TURNER PHELPS.

Witnesses:

HENRY J. LIVERMORE, JAs. J. MALONEY.