US794774A - Steam or hot-water boiler. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED JULY 18, 1905. J. B. BERNHARD.

STEAM 0R HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLIOATIGN FILED 001.19,1904.

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PATENTED JULY 18, 1905.

J. B. BERNHARD. STEAM 0R HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLIOATION FILED OUT. 19,1904.

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PATBNTED JULY 18, 1905.

J. B. BERNHARD.

STEAM 08. HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED OGT.19,19Q4.

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'1' NITED STATES Patented July 18, 1905.

PATENT ()FFICE.

STEAM OR HOT-WATER BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 794,774, dated July 18, 1905.

Application filed October 19, 1904; $eria1No. 229,204.

[0 (all; who/n it incl/y concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. BERNHARD, a citizen of the United. States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or Hot-Tater Boilers for Heating Buildings, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view on the line I I of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a horizontal sectional view on the line II II of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, aside elevation of one section of the boiler; Fig. 4, a similar view of the inner side of the section shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a side elevation of the other section of the boiler; Fig. 6, a similar view of the inner side of the section shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7, a plan view of the boiler; Fig. 8, a horizontal sectional view of one section of the boiler on the line VIII VIII of Fig. 4; and Fig. 9, a similar view of the other section of the boiler, taken on the line IX IX of Fig. 6.

One of the many objects of this invention is to construct a boiler of the vertically-cylindrical type, which is equally well adapted for use in heating buildings by either steam or hot water.

A further object of the invention is to form such a boiler of two semicylindrical sections adapted to be bolted together to form the complete boiler.

Another object is to so construct the firefiues and waterways in said sections as to secure the greatest possible fire travel and to surround all of the fiues with water and to provide a complete water-jacket around the entire boiler.

Other important objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Referring to the various parts by numerals, 1 designates the front section of the boiler, which is formed with a fire- door 2, and 3 designates the rear section thereof, which is formed with a smoke-outlet t. Each section is formed with an outer wall 5 and a concentric inner wall 6, said walls being spaced a suitable distance apart to form a complete waterjacket around the boiler. Near the lower ends of the sections the inner wall 6 is spaced farther from the outer wall than it is at the upper part of the sections in order to form a fire-pot 7 of the proper diameter and to pro vide a greater depth of water-jacket at this point. The sections are slightly enlarged at their upper end to form the dome 8, which serves as a steam-dome when the boiler is used in connection with a steam-heating plant and as a water-holder when it is used in connection with a plant using hot water as a heating medium. The water-spaces of the two sections are in communication with each other at their upper ends through the registering openings 9 in the dome and through the registering openings 10 in the enlarged waterchambers at the bottoms of the sections. Suitable connecting-pipes or slip-nipples may be inserted in these registering openings, said pipes being suitably packed to prevent leakage at these points or connections. The waterspaces of the two sections are not in communication with eachother except through the openings 9 and 10. Each section is formed with independent waterways, through which the water-circulates around the fines; but the fire-flues of each'section are arranged to register with corresponding flues of the other section, so that the fire travel will be vertical and also back and forth horizontally in both sections of the boiler. This is very important, as it insures a thorough and even heating of the water and an equal distribution of the heating gases throughout both sections.

The front section 1 is formed with two inwardextending vertical wings 11. These wings are located an equal distance from the vertical center of the section and are hollow, their inner ends being closed and their outer ends being in open communication with the space between the outer and inner walls of the section, so that water may pass freely through them. The lower ends of these wings are connected by a substantially horizontal bridge-wall section 12, which is also hollow and is in communication at its outer end with the water-space, its inner end being closed. Supporting this bridge-wall section are two hollow arms 13, whose upper and inner ends are in communication with the hollow bridge-wall section and with the main Water-space, respectively, said hollow arms in section 1 being located directly below the wings 11, as shown clearly in Fig. 4. The upper ends of the wings 11 are connected by an inwardextending hollow and substantially horizontal deflector 14, the upper surface of this deflector inclining outward and upward slightly and being connected by the curved part 15 to the bottom wall of the dome part 8. In communication with the space between the deflector 14 and the bridge-wall section 12 is a cleaning-out door 16, whereby said space may be readily cleaned when the boiler is in operation. The upper deflector 14 extends inward a considerable distance beyond the inner face of the section, so that when the two sections are assembled this deflector projects into the other section, as will hereinafter appear.

The rear section 2 of the boiler is formed with an inward-extending horizontal bridgewall section 17, which corresponds with the similar section 12, formed on section 1. The inner closed ends of these wall-sections abut closely together, as shown clearly in Fig. 1, and form a complete bridge across the boiler just above the fire-box and against the under side of which the products of combustion will contact. Connected to and serving to a certain extent to support and brace this deflectorsection or bridge-wall 17 is a hollow arm 18, similar to the arms 13 of the front section of the boiler, this arm 18 being located at the vertical center of the section, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. The rearsection 3 is also formed with two vertical inward-extending wings 19, which are located equal distances on each side of the vertical center of the section and correspond to the wings 11, formed on the section 1. Said wings or sections are closed at their inner ends and at their outer ends are in communication with the space between the outer and inner walls of the section, and attheir lower ends they are in open communication with the ends of the bridge-wall section 17. The upper ends of the wings 19 extend to and are in communication with the dome portion of the section, as clearly shown in Fig. 6, so

that they extend above the wings 11 of section 1.

When the boiler-sections are assembled, the wings divide the interior of the boiler into two i(inter vertical flues 23 and one inner larger ue. in open communication with the fire-box and at their upper ends with the inner flue. The inner flue is divided by the deflectors 14 and 21 into horizontal passage-ways through which the gases pass to the smoke-outlet, so that the products of combustion after contacting with the bottom of the bridge-wall and the supporting- arms 13 and 18 pass up through The outer flues are at their lower ends tending flue formed by the deflectors 14 and 21 to the smoke-outlet.

The cleaning-out door 16 is in communication with the space between the bridge-Wall section 12 and the deflector 14, as before stated, in order that the flre flue may be readily cleaned, and a cleaning-door 24 is in communication with the space 20 of section 1 in order that the upper surface of the deflector 14 may be readily cleaned.

The sections are formed at their upper ends with registering flanges 25, through which bolts are passed to secure the sections together, similar flanges 26 being formed at their lower corners for a similar purpose.

Water enters the water-space of the boiler at the bottom thereof through pipe 27, and the hot water or steam passes upward through pipe 28 at the top thereof.

It will of course be understood that the necessary fittings to adapt the boiler for use may be applied, they being omitted from the drawings, as they form no part of my present invention.

From the foregoing it will be readily understood that I produce a very simple and efficient boiler which is adapted for use in either steam or hot-water heating plants. It will be further noted that as the boiler is composed of two sections adapted to be simply bolted together at their upper and lower ends it will be practically im possible for workmen to make any mistakes in assembling the boiler-sections, and, furthermore, as the sections are designed to be cast it will be readily appreciated that the boiler can be manufactured at a very low cost.

A great advantage resulting from the peculiar construction of my boiler is that the hot gases passing up the side flues to the top of the boiler first start a rapid circulation of the water. Then by passing downward through the center flue in a zigzag manner,as described, and striking the tops of the horizontal waterways or deflectors 14 and 21 and the bridgewall sections the upper part of the water in said deflectors and bridge-wall sections is heated, thus securing a more rapid circulation of the water than would be possible if the greater quantity of heat was applied to the bottoms of said deflectors and bridge-wall. It will be apparent that by carrying the heat directly up against the bottom of the dome and then directing it against the tops of the horizontal waterways a very rapid circulation of water will be obtained. It will be further noted that as the vertical waterways are continuous from the top to the bottom of each section there will be a uniform circulation of water in each boiler-section, thus insuring a steady and uniform water-line in both sections when the apparatus is used as a steam-boiler.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the the flues 23 and strike the bottom of the dome art that various modifications of the invention and then through the zigzag downward-exmay be made without departing from the being open at their lower ends and in comscope of the invention, and I desire it understood that I do not wish to limit myself to the exact construction shown and described, except so far as the same may be made the subject of specific claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isr 1. A boiler comprising two vertical sections adapted to be bolted together, each section being formed with inward-extending vertical wings whose inner ends are adapted to abut closely together to form vertical partitions across the said boiler, said wings being shorter than the boiler-sections whereby two vertical flues will be formed and one large inner flue between said wings, the outer flues being open at their lower ends to the flre-box and in communication at their upper ends with the inner flue, means for forming a closed bridge-wall across the lower end of the inner flue, and means for dividing said inner flue horizontally to cause the products of combustion to pass therethrough in a'zigzag manner to an outlet at the lower end of said flue.

2. A boiler composed of two vertical sections adapted to be secured together, each section being formed with an inner wall to form a water-chamber entirely around the boiler, a pair-0f inward-extending vertical hollow wings formed on each section, said wings being closed at their inner ends and open at their outer ends, the wings of the two sections being adapted to abut together to form a substantially gas-tight wall across the interior ofthe boiler, said wings being shorter than the boiler-sections and forming outer vertical flues and an inner vertical flue, the outer flues munication at their upper ends with the inner flue, and horizontal deflectors carried by the sections and extending inward in opposite directions, and a smoke-outlet from the lower end of the inner flue.

3. A boiler composed of two vertical sections each section being formed with an outer wall and a parallel inner wall to form a waterchamber entirely around the boiler, a pair of inward-extending hollow vertical wings carried by each section, the inner ends of said wings meeting and forming gas-tight walls across the interior of the boiler and dividing it into two outside flues and one inner flue, a horizontal hollow bridge-wall section connecting the lower ends-of the wings of each of the boiler sections, the inner ends of said bridge-wall sections meeting and closing the lower end of the vertical flue, the upper end of said flue being in communication with the upper ends of the outer flues and means carried by the sections to cause the products of combustion to pass downward through the inner flue in a zigzag manner, and a smokeoutlet at the lower end of said flue.

4. A boiler composed of two vertical semi l &

cylindrical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and a concentric inner wall, a water-chamber being formed between them, vertical hollow inward-extending wings formed on each section, said wings being shorter than the boiler-sections and adapted when the sections are assembled to divide the interior of the boiler into a series of vertical flues, one of said flues being provided with a smoke-outlet at its lower end.

5. A boiler comprising two vertical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and an inner concentric wall, a pair of inwardextending vertical wings formed on each section, said wings being adapted to divide the interior of the boiler into a central flue and two outer flues, the outer flues being in communication with the fire-box at their lower ends and with the inner flue at their upper ends, an inward-extending hollow bridge-wall section connecting the lower'ends of each pair of wings and closing the lower end of the center flue, and a smoke-outlet at the lower end of said flue.

6. A boiler composed of a plurality of vertical sections adapted to be bolted together each section being formed with an inner wall to provide a water-chamber entirely around the boiler and with inward-extending hollow vertical wings in communication with said water-chamber, the wings of the sections meeting and dividing the interior of the boiler into a plurality of outer vertical flues and an interior vertical flue, a hollow bridge-wall section connecting the lower ends of the wings of each section said bridge-wall sections meeting and closing the lower end of the interior flue said bridge-wall sections being in communication with the water-chamber around the boiler, the interior flue being formed with a smoke-outlet at its bottom and the outer flues being in communication at their lower ends with the fire-box below the bridge-wall and at their upper ends with the upper end of the interior flue.

7. A boiler composed of a plurality of vertical sections adapted to be bolted together each section being formed with an inner wall to provide a water-chamber entirely around the boiler and with inward-extending hollow vertical wings in communication with said water-chamber,'the wings of the sections meeting and dividing the interior of the boiler into a plurality of outer vertical flues and an interior vertical flue, a hollow bridge-wall section connecting the lower ends of the wings of each section said bridge-wall sections meeting and closing the lower end of the interior flue said bridge-wall sections being in communication with the water-chamber around the boiler, a series of horizontal hollow deflectors carried by the sections at diflerent heights and extending into the interior flue in opposite directions and forming said flue into a zigzag passage-way, the interior flue IIO being provided with a smoke-outlet at its bottom and the outer flues being in communication at their lower ends with the fire-box below the bridge-wall and at their upper ends with the upper end of the interior flue.

8. A boiler composed of two vertical semicylindrical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and an inner wall, a waterchamber being formed between them, vertical hollow inward-extending wings formed on each section, said wings being shorter than the boiler-sections and adapted when the sections are secured together to divide the interior of the boiler into aseries of vertical flues, one of said flues being provided with a smokeoutlet near its bottom, and means to close the bottom of said flue.

9. A boiler composed of two vertical semicylindrical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and an inner wall, a waterchamber being formed between them, vertical hollow inward-extending wings formed on each section, and adapted when the sections are secured together to divide the interior of the boiler into a series of vertical flues, one of said flues being provided with a smokeoutlet near its bottom, and means to close the bottom of said flue.

10. A boiler composed of two vertical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and an innerwall, a water-chamber being formed between them, two hollow vertical inward-extending wings formed on each section and adapted to meet the corresponding wings of the other section to form a central flue and two outer flues, a hollow bridge-wall member on each section connecting the lower ends of the wings, said sections forming a bottom to the central flue, and an inward-extending deflector carried by each section between the wings to cause the hot gases to pass in a zigzag path through the central flue this latter flue being provided with a smoke-outlet.

11. A boiler composed of two vertical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and an inner wall, a water-chamber being formed between them, two hollow vertical inward-extending wings formed on each section and adapted to meet the corresponding wings of the other section to form a central flue and two outer flues, a hollow bridge-wall member on each section connecting the lower ends of the wings, said sections forming a bottom to the central flue, and an inward-extending hollow deflector carried by each section between the wings and extending beyond the inner edge thereof whereby the deflector of one section will project into the other section between the wings thereof, tocause the hot gases to pass through the inner flue in a zigzag manner, this latter flue being provided with a smoke-outlet.

12. A boiler composed of two vertical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and an inner wall, a water-chamber being formed between them, two hollow vertical inward-extending wings formed on each sec-r tion and adapted to meet the corresponding wings of the other section to form a central flue and two outer flues, a hollow bridge-wall member on each section connecting the lower ends of the wings, said sections forming a bottom to the central flue, and an inward-extending deflector carried by each section between the wings to cause the hot gases to pass in a zigzag path through the central flue, this latter flue being provided with a smoke-outlet, a cleaning-out door in each section between the wings, and a fire-door in one section below the bridge-wall member.

13. A boiler composed of two vertical sections, each section being formed with an outer wall and an inner wall, a water-chamber being formed between them, two hollow vertical inward-extending wings formed on each section and adapted to meet the corresponding wings of the other section to form a central flue and two outer flues, a hollow bridge-wall member on each section connecting the lower ends of the wings, each section forming a bottom to the central flue, and an inward-extending deflector carried by each section between the wings to cause the hot gases to pass in a zigzag path through the central flue, this lat ter flue being provided with a smoke-outlet, a dome part at the upper end of each section and an enlarged water-chamber at the lower end thereof to form a fire-pot of reduced diameter, registering openings being formed in the lower ends of the sections and at the dome parts.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses, this 17th day of October, 1904:.

JOHN B. BERNHARD.

Witnesses:

WM. R. DAVIS, EMMA KAUFMANN.

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