US791109A

US791109A - Automatic shifting device.

Info

Publication number: US791109A
Application number: US17176303A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gustav Bernhard Petsche
Original assignee: Southwark Foundry & Machine Co
Current assignee: Southwark Foundry & Machine Co
Priority date: 1903-09-03
Filing date: 1903-09-03
Publication date: 1905-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 1922-05-30

Description

PATENTED MAY 30, 1905.

E. H C S T E P um am AUTOMATIC SHII'TINC DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1903.`

3 SHEETS-SEEE? 2.

I fNVENT/e. amaf BY l l QWQQQLM ATTORNEY.

No. 791.109. I PATENTED MAY so, 1905.

G. B. PETSGHE. Y AUTOMATIC SHIPTING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l n ls v 5 WTNESSES NVENTOR.

Q ATTORNEYY UNITED STAT-Es Patented May 30, 1905.

PATENT OEEICE.

GUSTAV BERNHARD PETSCHE, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AS- SIGNOR TO SOUTHWARK FOUNDRY & MACHINE COMPANY, OF PHILA- DELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

`AUTOMATIC SHllFTlNG-DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 791,109, dated May 30, 1905.

Application filed September 3, 1903. Serial No. 171,763.

1'0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUs'rAv BERNHARD PET- sCHE, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residingin the city and county of Philadelphia,

in the State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Auto- 4 matic Shifting Devices, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference be'- ing had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof. n

My invention relates to the construction of engines or other machines having a certain element or elements normally occupying a fixed relationship to the other parts of the machine, but having also a capacity for adj ustment to vary the operation of the machine;

p and my invention consists, primarily, in selecting in such adjustable mechanism or providing such mechanism with a part to which the normal operation of the machine tends to give motion in alternately opposite directions, and in providing for'securing in such part in its normally fixed relationship to the adjustable mechanism, and also for permitting itfto move under the alternating impulses communicated to it by connecting it with a piston moving in a cylinder having non-return inlet-` ports at both ends and independent exit-ports, which exit-ports are controlled by valve mechanism normally closing both ports, but capable of adjustment to open either port at will. This valve mechanism may of course be operated by hand and at will; but preferably I connect it with and actuate it by a governor operated by or in .connection with the machine, and by preferencealso I pro-- vide valve-actuating mechanism of such character that after either port has been opened the consequent shifting of the piston and of the movable part connected therewith, under the alternating impulses communicated'to the said part, will gradually tend to close the valve, and thereby secure the piston and attached parts inthe new position to which they have moved until a further shifting ofthe valve mechanism controlling the exit-ports again` opens one of such ports and permits a fresh movement of the controlled parts.

lter-jacket of the engine.

The nature and to some extent the range of application of my invention will be best understood as the same is explained in connection with the drawings forming part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a side elevation of a gas-engine provided with my improvement, Fig. 2 being afdiagrammatic perspective of the adjusting mechanism connected with said engine l' and by means of which in the construction illustrated the governor controlling the ad- 'mission to the gas-engine is caused to vary its operation on the admission-valve on the occurrence of abnormalconditions and by means of which also the water-supply to the jacket ,of the gas-engine is caused to vary under simi- 4of the gas-engine cylinder and the parts con- .nected therewith, as shown in Fig. l.

Fig'. 6 is anelevation through the gas-engine cylinder, taken partly through the water-supply pipe and partly through the admission-port, `approximately on the section-line indicated at 6 6 in Fig. l, said view showing the mechanism for varying the load on the governor and for varying the water-supply to the wa- Fig. 7 is a crosssectional view taken approximately on the line 7 v7 of Fig. 5, showing the exit-valve mechanism of the engine.l Fig. 8 is an elevation showing the application of my invention to a steam-engine for the purpose of adjusting the valve-link mechanism to vary the cut-olf. Fig. 9 is an elevation showing the application of my invention to another form of steam-engine and valve-link mechanism. Fig. 10 is a plan of the feed-cylinder device as shown in Fig.

9. Fig. 11 is an elevation showing the applicylinder of which is shown at B, the cylinderl being formed with the usual water-jacket B', the portion surrounding the head B2 and body B of the engine-cylinder being connected by a conduit B2.

B4 indicates the inlet-port through which water enters the jacket B', the water flowing out through any convenient conduit.v

BG indicates the eXit-conduit-leading from the cylinder, and B7 the inlet-conduit leading into the cylinder.

C3, Fig. 1,is the connecting-rod coupled with the piston (not shown) of the gas-engine and leading to a crank D, attached to the, shaft D2, D indicating a {1y-wheel attached to said shaft.

Ci, Fig. 5, indicates a rearward extension of the piston-rod, which may be assumed for the present construction to connect with and actuate a blowing-engine, (not shown,) though of course the gas-engine may be coupled to drive any other kind of machine. As shown, a bevel gear-wheel K on shaft D2 communicates motion through another bevel gearwheel K to a shaft K2, which shaft, through gear-wheels KG and K7, (see Figs. 1 and 6,) communicates motion to a shaft K8, to which are secured the eccentrics which actuate the gas-engine valves, the shaft K2 also communicating motion through gear-wheels indicated at K3 and K4, Fig. 1, to the shaftf 4, on which is secured an eccentric which through strap F4 and link F2, Fig. 13, communicates motion through cross-head F', connected with the link F3 by link F2 to a valve or other part-for instance, the admission-valve of a blowing-engine, the valve-stem being shown at F. Theupperpartof thelink Fais coupled by a link F,5 to the arm F4' of the lever F6 F2, pivoted at F7, and which lever, it will readily be seen, is by the regular operation of the machine subjected to alternately opposite impulses tending to move it on its pivot. rlhe lever is normally secured in tlXed position by the rod F2, extending from its end and connecting it with the piston G, litting in the Huid-cylinder G', said cylinder having at each end entrance-ports G2 G2, fitted with non-return valves, as shown at g2 and G4. Exitports Gand G6 also. lead from the ends of the cylinder G' and, as shown, communicate with the cylindrical valve-chamber G7, in which moves a cylindrical valve G8, which in normal position closes both exit-ports and which when moved up or down opens, respectively, the lower and upper exit-ports. I also show formed in the casting of the cylinder G the small dash-pot cylinder, (indicated at G2,) a passage G42 G44 connecting the top and bottom of this cylinder and the regulating-valve G42 being situated in the passage to afford the proper resistance to the passage of Huid through it.

G13 is the dash-pot piston moving in the cylinder G", and, as shown, connected by a piston-rod H3 with one end of the lever H', which at an intermediate point is connected by a rod H2 with a valve G2 and at its other end by a rod H with a lever F". As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, a rod H4, forming virtually a continuation of the rod H2, passes through a stufling-box in the bottom I' of a cylinder I and connects in said cylinder with a piston H5, which is normally pressed downward by the action of a spring I2, abutting against an adjustable head I2. Into the lower end ofthe cylinder I enters a Huid-conduit I4, which communicates with some receptacle for Huid under pressure-for instance, the receiver of a blowing-engine.

At I2,.I have shown a hand-wheel screwing on a prolongation of rod H4, by which said rod can be raised against the pressure of the spring when necessary.

J is a rod pivoted to the lever F2 at one end and to a lever J at the other end, the lever J being secured to a rock-shaft J2, which at one point hasconnected with it a lever J2, connected in turn by a link J4 with a sliding weight J5, which moves on a lever L2, which (see Fig. 6) is connected to move with the sliding weight L' of a governor, the balls of which are indicated at L and the spindle of which is indicated at K4', said spindle being, as shown, actuated through the worm-gears K40 and K9 lfrom the shaft K2. The lever L2 is shown in Fig. 6 as having attached to it a piston-rod L2, which communicates with a piston (not shown) in a dash-pot cylinder L4, and lever L2 also connects, through rod L", with the arm M of a lever M M', pivoted at M2, and the end M of which acts as a trip for the hook to be described as actuating the admission-valve. As shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 6, the rock-shaft J2 has also attached to it a lever-arm J '4, which,through alink J7, actuates the regulating-valve J2, which controls the flow of water through the port B' into the jacket of the cylinder.

I have already stated that the shaft K2 has attached to it the eccentrics which actuate the valves of the gas-engine. These eccentrics are indicated (see Figs. 6 and 7) at N and R. The eccentric N, through the eccentric-strap N and link N2, actuates the lever N", pivoted at N4, and has pivotally attached to it the valveactuating hook, (indicated at N",) the rear extending end of the hook-lever coming at each operation in contact with the lever-arm M. Also pivoted at N4 is the lever-arm O, which is engaged by the hook N5 and has attached to it the cam indicated at O', this cam communicating motion through the cam-lever O2, pivoted at O2, to the valve-spindle I), having secured upon it the sleeve I, the spindle I), carrying the valve P2, which controls the entrance of the passage Q, and the sleeve P', carrying the valve P3, which controls the entrance of the passage Q', one of said passages serving for the admission of air and the other IOO for the admission of gas. A lever O has depending from it a spindle O4, carrying a piston O5, which fits in a cylinder O6, the rod Ot extending through the cylinder and having attached to its lower end a spring-bearing O7, between which and the bottom of the cylinder O6 is situated the spring O8.

The eccentric R, through the strap R' and link R2, communicates motion through the lever-arm R3 to the cam R2, which, through the cam-lever R5, pivoted at R, actuates the valve-spindle S of the exhaust-valve S', controlling the exhaust-port Q2.

It will be readily understood from the valves and connections shown inFigs. 6 and 7 that the exit-valve is positively actuated-alwaysy opening and closing at the same time, and that the admission-valves will be opened as the hook N", which engages the end of the lever O, is moved upward and until the lever N6 comes in contact with the trip-lever M', when the hook will 'be movedout to disengage the arm O, and the spring N8 will move it instantly downward, the cam motion being communicated to close the admission-valves. It will also be obvious that the position of the trip-lever M' will be shifted by the action of the governor so as to vary the cut-oli and that the action of theV governor again will be materially varied by the movementof the weight J 2 ony the lever L2. Again, it willbe obvious that as long as the ypressure communicated to the cylinder I through the conduit I4 is constant it will be balanced by the spring I3, and the piston H5 will remain in iixed position; also, that any variation ofthe pressure will cause the piston H5 to move either up or down in the cylinder until the pressures of the iiuid and of the spring are in equilibrium. Assuming the'pressurein the cylinder to increase, the upward movement of the piston H5 will carry with it the attached end of the leverarm H' and cause an upward movement ofthe valve G2, which upward movement will uncover the lower exit-port, whereupon each downward impulse imparted to the lever FS will force out a certain quantity Vof the Huid in the lower part oi the cylinder Gr', its place being supplied by the further inward flow of iiuid from the upper radmission-port, and as this admission-port is iitted with a non-return valve, which excludes the backward flow'o'f water through it, the downward motion of the piston Gr and of the lever-arm Fs will be progressive until the downward motion of the lever-arm, acting through the rod H on the lever H', will again'restore the Valve G8 to its normal position, closing both exit-ports. It will also be seen that the downward motion of the lever F 8, acting through rod J and lever J', rock-shaft J2, and through the levers attached to that shaft, will shift the weight J 5 on the governor-lever L2 and will also shift the valve J2, so as to vary the iiow of water through the jacket of the cylinder. Obviously a fall the reverse effect to that described for the increase of pressure, the shifting of the valve GS opening the upper exhaust-port of the cylinder and permitting the progressive upward movement of the lever F2 under the intermittent impulses imparted to it and until the valve is again restored to normal position, closing the ports. InFigs. 8 to 12, inclusive, I have shown the application of my invention to steam-engines having link-motions or" diiierent constructions. Thus in Fig. 8 the engine-cylinder (indicated at Z) is provided with a steam-inlet valve p, which is actuated through a spindle and link (indicated at T2) by the link n2, connected by an eccentric-strap n' with an eccentric n on a shaft Z2, which is ofcourse driven by the engine. The link n2 in addition to its connection with the eccentric n is connected by a link T3 with the arm T2 of a crank T2T', pivoted at T and having its arm T' connected with the piston-rod F2, extending from a piston, such 'as Gr, situated in the cylinder G', which is similar` in all respects to the cylinder Gr' already described. In the construction of Fig. 8 a guide e' is supplied ior the rod H3 in place of the cylinder I; but the rod H3, as before, is connected with a link H', which at an intermediate point is connected with the valve-spindle H2 and its other end by a link H with the arm T' of the crank-lever T' T2.

by a link Z5 with the lever Z2, which is connected to move with the weight Z' of a governor Z, K" indicating the governor-spindle. It will be obvious that in this construction variations in speed communicated to the governor will cause an up or down motion to be given to the lever Z2, which up or down motion will be communicated, through .the connections described, to the lever H' and through it to the valvecontrolling the exit-ports of the cylinder G'. It is also obvious that the crank T' T2 has on each revolution of the shaft Z2 intermittent impulses in the opposite direction imparted to it which are resisted by the pis- .ton in the cylinder G' and which when either of the exit-ports of said cylinder are opened permits an'intermittent motion of said crank with, of course, a corresponding variation in the cut-off of the valve p. It is also obvious that through'the link H the valve controlling The rod H2 is connected IOO the exit-ports of the cylinder G' is returned.

to normal position, closing the ports `at eachl adjustment of the link-motion.

f In the construction shown in Fig. 9 motion is communicated to the steam-admission valvel Z' of the cylinder Z' from the eccentric n, the eccentric-stra s n',eccentricrod n2 rock-lever u,"

adjustable sleeve u', and connecting-rod u2, the said rod u2 and sleeve u' beingheld'in normally operative position through the link w3, which, through piston-rod F2, connects with the piston end of cylinder g, which is substantially like the cylinder Gr' except in the different arrangement of the valve-chamber G7 and dashpot G9. As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the valve controlled by the spindle H2 and the lever H, coupled thereto, is actuated through the link Z5 and lever-arm Z2, connected to the weight Z' of the governor Zand by the connecting-rod H, which couples the lever H to the rod U2. It is obvious that in this construction the sleeve U tends at each oscillation of the lever U to move at one time up and at the other time down on said lever, but is 'prevented from such movement by its connections with the piston in cylinder g, and it will be obvious without further description how the governor in this case, as in the case of Fig. 8, operates upon the valve controlling the exit-ports, permitting the adjustment of the link-motion which will vary the cut-off of the valve.

In the modification shown in-Figs. 11 and 12 the piston-rod F9 is connected to a slotted link V, pivoted at V' and having moving in its slot the slide V2' of a link V3, the other end of which is pivotally connected with a link V4, secured at one end to the swinging lever V5 and at the other end to the connecting-rod C4, the link V3 connecting, through rod BG, with the valve p2 of the cylinder b3. The governorlever Z2 connects, through link Z5, with the rod H3, to which is connected one end of the lever H', the other end being connected with the slotted link V, while the valve-stem H2, as before, Yis connected at an intermediate point. In this case it is obvious that at each revolution of the engine impulses in opposite directions are given to the slotted link V and that the link is held in place by its connection with the piston G except when the controllingvalve is actuated by the governor, when the link will be shifted in position and the cut-off of the valve varied.

In another application, iled by me September 3, 1903, Serial No. 171,764, I have shown and described an air-compressor or blowingengine actuated by a gas-engine and in which the device which forms, broadly, the subjectmatter of this application is shown as controlling the closing movement of the admissionvalve of the compressor and also the cut-oif of the admission to the gas-engine and regulation of water-flow to the jacket thereof substantially as shown in the drawings of this case, which relate to the gas-engine construction, and in my said copending application I have specifically claimed the features relating to the combination between the blowing-engine and the gas-engine which are shown or indicated in the present drawings.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine, mechanism for shifting a machine element by progressive steps consisting of a part or device to which the operation of the machine tends to give motion. in alternately opposite directions, said device having the capacity to move under said alternating impulses, in combination with a machine element connected to and moved by said device when moving under the alternating impulses, a fluid-cylinder having non-return inlet-ports and independent exit-ports at each end, means for closing said exit-ports and for opening` either of them, and a piston in the cylinder positively connected with the device to which the machine tends to give an alternating motion.

2. In a machine, mechanism for shifting a machine element by progressive steps consisting of a part or device to which the operation of the machine tends to give motion in alternately opposite directions, said device having the capacity to move under said alternating impulses, in combination with a machine element connected to and moved by said device when moving under the alternating impulses, a fluid-cylinder having non-return inlet-ports and independent exit-ports at each end, means for closing said exit-ports and for opening either of them, a governor connected to the eXit-port-closing mechanism and whereby it is shifted from a normal position closing both ports, to a position to open one or the other, and a piston in the cylinder positively connected with the device to which the machine tends to give an alternating motion.

3. In a machine, mechanism for shifting a machine element by progressive steps consisting of a part or device to which the operation of the machine tends to give motion in alternately opposite directions, said device having the capacity to move under said alternating impulses, in combination with a machine element connected to and moved by said device when moving under the alternating impulses, a fluid-cylinder having non-return inlet-ports and independent exit-ports at each end, means for closing said exit-ports and for opening either of them, means moving with the device to which the alternating impulses are communicated and which when said device is permitted to move, acts to gradually shift the valve-closing mechanism to position to close the eXit-ports, and a piston in the cylinder positively connected with the device to which the machine tends to give an alternating motion.

4. In a machine having a valve or valves and valve-actuating mechanism, and a device for varying the movements of the valves, mechanism for shifting a machine element by progressive steps consisting of the combination of a part or device to which the operation of the engine tends to give motion in alternately opposite directions, said device having the capacity to move under said alternating impulses, connecting mechanism whereby the movement of said device under the alternating impulses shifts the device for varying the movements of the valves, a Huid-cylinder having non-return inlet-ports and independ- IOO . varying the movements of the valves,fmech anism for shifting a machine element by progressive steps consistlng of the combination of a vpart or device to which the operation of thel engine tends to give motion in alternately opposite directions, said device having the capacity to move under said alternating impulses, connecting mechanism whereby the movement of said device under the alternating impulses shifts the device for varying the movements of the valves, a fluid-cylinder having non -return inlet-ports and independent exit-ports at each en d, means for closing said exit-ports and for opening either of them, a governor connected to the eXit-port-closing mechanism and whereby it is shifted from a normal position closing both ports, to a position to open one or the other, and a piston in the cylinder positively connected with the device to which the machine tends to give an alternating motion.

6. In an engine, having a valve or valves and valve-actuating mechanism and a device for varying the movements of the valves, mechanism for shifting a machine element by progressive steps consisting of the combination of a part or device to which the operation of the engine tends to give motion in alternatively opposite directions', said'device having the capacity to move under said alternating impulses, connecting mechanism whereby the movement of said device under the alternating impulses shifts the device for varying the movements of the valves, a Huid-cylinder having non return inletports and independent exit-ports at each end, means for closing said exit-ports and for opening either of them, means moving with the device to which the alternating impulses are communicated and which, when said device is permitted to move, acts to gradually shift the valve-closing mechanism to position to close the exit-ports, and a piston in the cylinder positively connected with the device to which the machine tends to give an alternating motion.

7. In an engine having a valve or valves and valve link mechanism for actuating the same, said link mechanism incorporating an adjustable element which tends to move in alternately opposite directions during each operation of the link mechanism and which when allowed to move under said impulses varies the operation of the valve, the combination of a Huid-cylinder having non-return entranceports leading from each end, a piston moving in said cylinder and connected to move with the adjustable valve link element when it moves under the alternating impulses aforesaid, valve mechanism normally closing both exit-ports of the cylinder and adapted to open either port, a speed-governor, a connection fromsaid governor to the lexit-valve mechanism of the cylinder whereby one or the other of the exit-ports are opened when the speed varies from normal, and means for closing the exit-ports as the adjustable element shifts its position consisting of a connection from said adjustable .element to the exit-valve mechanism.

GUSTAV BERNHARD IETSCHE.

Witnesses: CHAs. F. MYERS, D. STEWART.