US790795A - Centrifugal pump. - Google Patents

Description

No. 790,795. PATENTED MAY 2s, 1905.

E. s. LBA M. DEGEN.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

AEPLIOATION FILED 11113.24, 190s, v

5 SHEBTHHBBT 1.'

-PAENTED MAY 23, 1905.

E. S. LEA & J. DEGEN.

UENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLIGATION FILED 11.53.24, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Ey their@ my.

S e S 0 m W PATBNTED MAY 23, 1905.

E. S. LEA da J. DEGBN.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 24, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3v.

Julius leywz. SW7/zy:

190.790,79). PATENTED MAY29,1905. B. s. LEA 9 J. DEGBN.

GENTRIPUGAL PUMP.

APPLIUATION FILED MAR. 24, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

33 40 j zenom: WL Messes Edvard J. Zea.

Wfff. I Bbyegen.

No. 790,795. v PATENTED MAY 23, 1905. E. S. LEA & J. DEGBN.

CENTRIPUGAL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24, 1905.

Patented May 23, 1905.

Fries,

a.; for ,i513

EDWARD S. LEA AND JULIUS DEGE'N, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

' CENTRIFUGAI. PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 790,735, dated'lVIay 23, 1905,

Application led March 24, 1905. Serial No. 251,745.

.Fo all who-nt it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, EDWAR'D S. LEA, a citizen of the United States, and JULiUs DE- GEN, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland,

residing at Trenton, in the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

The invention has reference to pumps, and more especially to that class of such devices in which the fluid is raised mainly by impulses derived through rotative means and centrifugal force, and has, further, reference to an organization which embodies a multistage construction and in which multi-impellers are mounted upon a single drivingshaft carried within a multicellular casing which may be divided into cells by a series of transverse partitions and which casing may be so constructed that one section, serving as a cover therefor, maybe readily removed for access to and removal of parts of the apparatus without undue expenditure of labor and time.

It is a design of the invention to mount a plurality of the impellers upon a single shaft, to mount such shaft in suitable adjustingbearings, and to locate such bearings substantially at or contiguous to the line of union between the casing-sections, whereby when the cover is removed the shaft and all of the elements carried. thereby may be removed at will. lt may be here remarked that in practice it will probably be found preferable to divide the casing into halves and to locate the bearing for. the shaft contiguous-to the line of union of such halves.

lt is also a design of the invention to construct or build up such casing-halves of a number of laterally associated and connected sections, so that the casing as a whole may be formed to accommodate a greater or less number of impelling devices in order to vary the capacity of the apparatus.

It is a further design of the invention to so associate the impellers with the shaft that they may be readily and mechanically removed from the shaft at will without mutilating said impellers.

It is also a still further design of the invention to provide for the adjustment of the shaft in the plane of its longitudinal axis, whereby all the impellers which are mounted thereon may be simultaneously adjusted relatively to walls of the cells of the casing for the purpose of preventing end thrust of the shaft during the operation of thel pump, so as to render the action of the pump more efficient, and to this end it is also an object to provide simple and efficient means for effecting the relative adjustments of said shaft. j

It is also a design to provide suitable types of preferably automatic packing between the shaft and the walls of the casing and. the partitions therein which will be effective to automatically compensate for such wear as may take place between said shaft and the openings through which the shaft is passed.

Means are provided whereby the throw of the fluid resulting from the action of the iinpellers may be gradually interrupted, so as to decrease the fluid velocity, whereby to transform kinetic energy of the fluid into hydraulic pressure and also for switching the flow from one impelling stage to another next succeedling, and it is designed to so locate such means relatively to the impellers as to positively insure such deflection, and for gradually cheeking the rotative motion of the fluid after leaving the impeller. I

lt is also a design to provide means by which the intake of air at those points where the shaft passes through the casing due to high suction from within when the pump is in operation will be prevented.u

The invention may be embodied into any suitable form best calculated to yield efhcient results and a disclosure of one of such embodiments is illustrated on the accompanying sheets of drawings, whereonv- Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal section of a pump of multistage type and embodying said invention. Fig. 2 illustrates a top plan view thereof. Fig. 3 illustrates an end elevation of one of the stages, partly in section. Fig. 4 illustrates an elevational view, partly in section, of means whereby the adjustment of the shaft, and thereby the impellers, may be accomplished. Fig. 5 illustrates an end IOO view of the suction end of the pump-casing. Fig. 6 illustrates a removable securing device adapted to be used betwefen the shaft and the impellers and also illustrates a form of one of the automatically-adjustable packings. Fig. 7 illustrates an end view showing means for moving the securing devices relatively to the shaft and the impellers. Fig. 8 illustrates an enlarged view of a packing used at those points where the shaft passes out of the casing, and Fig. 9 illustrates a perspective view of a form of means for fastening the impellers to the shaft.

1n the several illustrations similar characters of reference apply to similar parts.

A form of the invention as illustrated may comprehend a casing 10, which in the present instance may be of the multicellular type and may embody a lurality of sections 11, laterally associatedp and which may be united, as in the present instance disclosed, by fastening devices 12, such as bolts, and a section 13, comprehending a volute channel 14, which emanates in a tangential discharge 15, may be secured to one side of the associated sections 11, while to the opposite side may be applied a section 16, embodying an inlet 17. It will be understood, however, that, if desired, the sections 13 and 16 may be united irrespective of the intermediate sections in order to form a singlestage pump. p

The sections 11, 13, and 16 may be so constructed and united as to form casing- halves 18 and 19, one of which, for instance, as 1.8, may be provided in the present instance with supports 20 and bearings 21 and 22, while the other casing-h alf, 19, may serve as a cover for said casing and which may be removed at will, so that access may be had to parts within the chamber formed by said casing and also for permitting such parts to be removed at will, and said halves may each be providedv with iianges 190, which may be bolted together by bolts 191.

Rotatably mounted in the bearings 21 and 22, respectively, is a shaft 23, upon which may be carried a plurality of impellers 24, operating in cells 25, which are formed in the present instance by partitions 26 and walls 27 of the casing. This shaft 23 is designed to carry the impellers 24, which may be secured thereto by sleeves 28, which are fitted upon said shaft and which may be provided with a tapering portion 29, which may be split partly along its body, as at 30, and this portion 29 is adapted to take into a tapering bore 31 in the hubs 32 of the impellers 24. Each sleeve may be provided with a flange 33 at or near the hilt of the taper 29, and which may be provided with openings 34, through which may pass bolts 35, adapted to be screw-threaded into sockets 36,' so that the sleeve may be forced home into its seat in the hub. This flange 33 may also be provided with screw-threaded openings 37, in which may take bolts 38, rthe ends 39 of which are adapted to bear against the face 40 of the'hub 32. Hence when the bolts 35 are removed and the bolts 38 are forced inwardly the sleeve 28 maybe readily and mechanically withdrawn from the hubs 32 of the impellers, so that the latter may be readily removed without hammering or battering. The sleeves 28 in the present instance may be provided with an elongated portion 41, which extends from the iiange 3 3 and into the bore 42 of the partitions 26. This sleeve portion 41 may be provided with a flange 43, which may take into said bore, and against said flange may take a packing 44, which may be pressed thereagainst by a ring 445, movable on the sleeve portion 41and which may be forced against the packing by a spring 46,

which also bears against a flange 47 carried by the partition 26, such spring in the present instance being adapted to play in recesses 48 and 49, formed in said flanges, whereby the same may be heldin place. Thus when the packing 44 is subjected to wear said spring 46 will move the ring 45 so as to further compress said packing toward the flange 43, whereby to compensate for any wear that may take place between the packing and the flange. In this connection it may also be remarked that while the packing device may be carried by the portion 41 of the sleeve 28 such device may be constructed, if desired, independently of said sleeve. It will also be noted in this connection that when the shaft 23 is adjusted longitudinally in either direction the spring 46 will be instrumental in causing the ring 45. and the packing 44 to also shift, whereby to always maintain the packing against the flange 43. It will be understood that the fluid will reach the chambers 440 through the slots or openings 30 and that the pressure on each side of the impellers will therefore be equal.

For packing the shaft 23 in the bores 5() where the shaft leads from the casing 10 the portion 41 of the last sleeve 28 may be provided with the flange 42, the movable ring 45, the packing 44, and a similar movable ring 51, similar to the ring 45, and a packing 52, which may take against a nut 53, adapted to be held in place by a jam-nut 54, which may be screw-threaded onto the portion 41, and the spring 46 may be interposed between the rings 45 and 51, for instance, as seen in Fig. 8. The packing for the bore will be the same asit is for the bore 50 and may be carried by a sleeve 56, which in the present instance may be screw-threaded, as at 58, upon the hub 32 of one of the impellers and which may be provided with an opening (not shown) for allowing the fluid to enter through the slot 30 into the chamber 441.

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In order to seal the pump against the intaking of air by suction through the bore 50 when the pump is in operation, a conduit 590 is provided, which leads from -the casing 1() and connects with the packing device for said bore 50, whereby the latter will be constantly filled with the fluid from within the casing; It will now be seen that the shaft 23 will be eifectually and automatically packed both at those portions where it emanates from the outer walls of the casing 10 and where it passes through the partitions 26.

For balancing the revolving parts of the pump in axial direction it may be necessary to adjust the impellers 24 relatively to the walls 27 and the partitions 26, so that the space 59 between the ends 60 of the impellers 24 and said partitions and walls may be varied on either side of said impellers to create variable pressure in the chambers 61 and 62, whereby to substantially balance the pump during operation. The ejected force of the fluid emanating from the mouths of the impellers 24 will create a sucking action on the fluid in the chambers 61 and 62, and this suction tends to decrease or reduce the pressure in these chambers. In order for the suction to be equal on both sides of the impellers, it will be necessary for the spaces 59 between the rim 60 of the impellers and the walls '26 and 16 of the casing to be equal. Should these spaces on each side of these impellers be made unequal by shifting the impellers in axial direction, it will follow that the sucking action will also be unequal on each side of the impellers, and consequently the reduction of pressure would also be unequal in said chambers, thus creating a power acting on the impellers in axial direction which would tend to shift said impellers, together with the shaft, toward one side. This power now, which can be altered in direction and magnitude by axially shifting said impellers more or less to one side of the casing, can advantageously be used to counterbalance any other power which should happen to act in axial direction on the shaft or the impellers. This adjustment may be preferably accomplished by shifting the shaft 23 in a plane parallel to the plane of its longitudinal axis, and to accomplish such a shiftment said shaft may be provided with reduced portions 63, creating shoulders 64,

against which may take ball-bearing races 65,

corresponding to a race 66, and which may be mounted in seats 67 of the bearings 21 and 22 and between which circuits 68 of balls may operate. Secured to the bearings 21 and 22-for instance by bolts 69-maybe collars 70, which in the present instance may be internally screw-threaded, as at 71, andv which ,receive exteriorly screw threaded members 72, having a fiange 73, which may impinge a ball-race 7 4,' which holds a circuit of balls 75 against an additional ball-race 76,

which may be mounted upon a sleeve 77, which takes against the ball-race 65. I-Ience it will be seen that when themember 72 is shifted parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 23 by turning the same in bearing-collar 70, for instance, by an implement which may take into sockets 73 said shaft 23 may be likewise shifted parallel to its longitudinal axis, it being understood, of course, that it will be necessary to adjust both bearings in the same direction. Inasmuch, therefore, as the impellers 24 are rigidly mounted upon the shaft, it will be observed that there will be a simultaneous adjustment of said impellers relatively to the walls of the casing and the partitions therein when the shaft is moved. It will also be understood in this connection that the form of means described is duplicated in each bearing and the portion is similar in each case, and therefore the shaft 23 may be shifted in either direction.

The bearings4 just described will be furnished with a suitable lubricant in which the ball-bearings may run, and when it is desired to furnish the Vbearings with a new lubricant the old may be drawn off through the opening 79. For the purpose of preventing the lubricant from oozing out from the bearing such lubricant as may fly from the parts may take into a duct 790, which is provided with -an outlet 80, leading back into the chamber.

When the shaft 23, as well as the bearings just described, are suitably adjusted to proper position, such adjustment may be maintained by causing the jam-nut 83, carried by the screw-threaded portion 72, to be brought against the face 82 of the collar 70, and this collar may be brought up into position by a suitable implement which may take into sockets 83, formed in said nut. It will now be seen that the shaft 23 and all of the impellers 24 'may be simultaneously shifted or adjusted by the bearings 21 and 22, whereby to effect such a relative position between the impellers and the walls of the cells as to balance the pump during operation. In order that the Huid which is thrown out from the impellers may be transposed from one stage to another when the pump is in operation, there is provided a series of deflectors 84, (more clearly seen in Fig.v 3,) which are so disposed or located in the path of peripheral flow as to sufficiently break up the velocity which the flow possesses when it leaves the impellers. These deflectors are further intended to decrease the fluid velocity gradually, thus transferring the kinetic energy of the iiuid. into hydraulic pressure. The deflectors 84 may be carried by radial ribs 85 and are provided with beaks S6, (more clearly shown in Fig. 3,) which are located approximately contiguous to the peripheries 87 of the impellers 23, so that they may exert their influence upon the fluid substantially at a point where the fluid is liberated from the imroo IOS

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pellers, and therefore, as seen in Fig. 1, the bcaks S7 of said deflectors may, if desired, extend a substantial distance over the partitions 26 and into the cells 2.5. Thus it will be seen that as the water enters the pump through the inlet 17 it will be caught up by the impellers and whirled with centrifugal force to the peripheries of the cells 25, when j vide rings 88, of some suitable material, such as brass, which may be carried by the impellers 24 and which'may contact with flanges 89 on the partitions. It will be understood, of course, that the precise manner of arranging these bearings, as well as the manner of associating them with the shaft, need not be strictly adhered to. For instance, instead of providing the shaft 23 with the shoulders aforementioned, against which the race-rings may abut, said rings may be placed rigidly on the shaft.

For the purpose of receiving such leakage as may be discharged from the packings at the ends of the casing one of the halves may be provided with chambers 90, which may be formed in the brackets 91, which supports the bearings 21 and 22, and which chambers 90 may be provided with ports 92, through which the fluid may be drawn 0H.

It will now be seen that the casing may be built up of a series of independent sections suitably joined together and which may form two independent casing-halves, one of which may support a shaft upon which is mounted a plurality of impelling stages and the other of which may serve as a cover and which is attachable to the other section and adapted to be removed, whereby to not only permit ready access to the parts within the easing, but to also allow the shaft and its related elements to be lifted out of the casing at will. It will also be observed that the impellers are so mounted upon the shaft that they may be easily removed mechanically without rendering them unfit for use, which is a desideratum in this class of devices. It will also be noticed that there are provided suitable automatically-operating packing devices which will automatically take up the wear and prevent leakage at the bearings through which the shaft passes from one stage to another and to the outside of the casing. It will be further noticed that means are providedl to not only deflect the course of the fluid when the same is thrown against the casing by the centrifugal action of the impellers and also for catching or interrupting the flow at a point contiguous to the point where it leaves the rim of the impeller, but for also decreasing the fluid velocity gradually, thusl transferring the kinetic energy of the fluid in to hydraulic pressure. It will also be observed that I provide means for longitudinally shifting or adjusting the shaft, together' with the impellers thereto secured, so that said impellers may be simultaneously adjusted with the adjustment of the shaft to bring the mouth of said impellers in relative different positions to the walls and partitions of the casing, whereby to equalize the thrusts of the shaft, and thereby the operation of the device.

I/Vhile this description appertains in the main to a pump of the multistage type, it is obvious that the principles and designs of this invention may be embodied into a singlestage pump.

-Iithin the purview of this invention we may resort to various constructions or assemblage of parts, and it is comprehended that the results sought to be obtained may be effected through the instrumentality of various constructions, and therefore it must be understood that the construction illustrated on the accompanying sheets of drawings, together with the detail description thereto appertaining, shall not be considered as confining this invention to this particular form of mechanism herein illustrated and described.

IIaving thus described this invention, we claiml. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing having a cell with chambers in communication therewith, an impeller rotatably mounted in said cell, and means to shift the impeller to fixed positions relatively to the walls of the cell to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cell whereby to balance the device.

2. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing having cells with chambers in communication therewith, impellers rotatably mounted in said cells, and means to simultaneously shift all of the impellers relatively to the walls of the cells to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cells whereby to balance the device.

3. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing-having a cell and chambers communicating therewith, of an impeller, a shaft therefor, and means to shift the shaft and adjust the impeller relatively to the walls of the cell to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cell whereby to balance the device.

4. In a device of the character specified,

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the combination with a casing having a plurality of cells and chambers communicating with each cell, of a shaft, impellers on said shaft, and means to shift the shaft and thereby adjust the impellers to various fixed positions relatively to thewalls of the cells to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cells whereby to balance thedevice.

5. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing, `having cells Awith chambers communicating therewith, a

shiftable shaft, impellers carried thereby and which are shiftable with the shaft, whereby to vary the size of the outlets leading from the chambers to the cell, and adjustable bearings for the shaft.

6. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing made up of a plurality of sections, and comprising cells with chambers in communication therewith, a rotatably-mounted shaft, impellers carried byisaid shaft, a device located on said shaft for removably securing the impellers to the shaft, automatic packing' devices carried by said devices, and means for shifting the shaft longitudinally to adjust the impellers relatively to the walls of the cells whereby to valry the outlets from the chambers to the ce ls.

7. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing made up of a plurality of sections united in two transverse directions, and comprising cells with chambers in communication therewith, a rotatably-mounted shaft, impellers carried by said shaft,` devices located on said shaftv for removably securing the impellers to the shaft, automatic packing devices carried by said devices, and means for shifting said shaft longitudinally to adjust the impellers relatively to the walls of the cellswhereby to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cells.

S. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing, made up of a plurality of sections, and having cells with chambers on each side thereof, a rotatablymounted shaft, impellers carried by said shaft, sleeves located between said shaft and impellers for removably securing the latter to the shaft, means for shifting said shaft longitudinally to a fixed position to adjust the impellers relatively to the walls of the cells whereby to vary the outlets from said chambers to the cells, means to automatically pack the shaft in the walls of said casing, and means to seal the packing means.

9. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing made up of a plurality of sections united in two transverse directions, and having cells with chambers in communication therewith, a rotatabl f-mounted shaft, impellers carried by said impellers for removably securing the latter to the shaft, means for shifting said shaft longitudinally to a fixed position to adjust the impellers relatively to the walls of the cells whereby to vary the suction on either side of the impellers, means to automatically pack the shaft in the walls of said casing, and means to seal the packing means.

10. In a device ofthe character specified,

said shaft longitudinally to adjust the impellers relatively to the walls of the cells whereby to ,balance the device, said easinghalves being separable for access to the parts therein.

l1. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing made up of a plurality of sections, and comprising two halves, and having cells and chambers in communication with said cells, a shaft carried by one half, adjustable bearings carried by said shaft, a series of impelling stages mounted on said shaft, means carried by said shaft for securing to and for effecting a removal of the impellers relatively to said shaft, packing-rings carried by said means, flanges carried by said means, and against which the packing rings may take, and springs for maintaining the packing-rings in place.

12. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing comprising two halves, each composed of sections and having cells with chambers in communication therewith, a rotatably-mounted shaft, an impeller carried by said shaft, devices located on said shaft for removably securing the impeller to the shaft, automatic packing devices carried by said devices, and means for shifting the shaft longitudinally to adjust the impeller relatively to the walls of the cell whereby to balance the device.

13. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing having a cell, with chambers in communication therewith, a rotatably-mounted shaft, bearings therefor, an impeller carried by the shaft, split sleeve devices located on said shaft for removably securing the impeller to the shaft, means carried by the sleeve to automatically pack the shaft in the walls of the casing, and means for shifting the shaft longitudinally to adjust the impeller relatively to the walls of the cell, whereby to vary the suction on each side -of the impeller.

14. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing having cells shaft, devices located between said shaft and j and chambers and made up of a plurality of sections, comprehending two halves, a shaft carried by one half, adjustable bearings for shifting said shaft longitudinally, a series of impelling stages, mounted on said shaft and which are shiftable therewith to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cells, means carried by said shaft for securing to and effecting a removal of the impellers relatively to said shaft, automatic packing devices carried by said means, and means suitably mounted for deflecting a fluid from one impeller to another.

15. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing having cells and chambers, and made up of a plurality of sections, a shaft carried by one section, adjustable .bearings for said shaft, a series of impelling stages mounted on said shaft, and which are shiftable therewith to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cells, split sleeves carried by said shaft, for securing to and effecting a removal of the impellers relatively to the shaft, automatic packing devices carried by vsaid sleeves, and deflectors suitably mounted for deflecting a fluid from one impeller to another.

16. In adevice of the character specified, the combination with a casing having cells and chambers communicating therewith, and comprising two halves, made up of a plurality of sections, a shaft carried by one half, adjustable bearings for said shaft, a series of impelling stages mounted on said shaft and which are shiftable therewith to vary the size of the outlets from the chambers to the cells, means carried by said shaft for securing to and effecting a removal of the impellers relatively to said shaft, means suitably mounted for deflecting a fluid from one impeller to another, and means'carried by the impeller-securing means to automatically pack the shaft.

17. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a multicellular casing, built up by a plurality of united sections and which is divided into removable halves, and embodying a series of cells, of bearings and standards carried by one of said halves, a shaft carried in said bearings, a series of impelling stages mounted on said shaft and in the cells of said casing, means for adjusting the shaft and thereby the impellers relatively to the walls of the cells a series of split sleeves mounted on said shaft, and passing through the partitionand adapted to secure the impellers to the shaft, a plurality of automatic packing devices carried by the sleeve?? and adapted to'pack the shaft in the openings in the walls of the casing and the partitions, and means to pack the impellers in said partitions.

18. In a device-of the character specified, the combination with a multicellular casing having chambers in communication with each cell, said casing being built up of a plurality of united sections, and divided into halves, bearings carried by one half a shaft carried in said bearings, a series of impelling stages mounted on said shaft, and in the cells of said casing, a series of sleeves mounted on said shaft, and adapted to secure the impellers thereto, a plurality of automatic spring-packing devices between the walls of the casing, the partitions and the shaft, a plurality of deflectors for the changing of the course of the fluid as it is thrown from the impellers, said bearings being adjustable whereby to shift the shaft and the impellers so as to move the impellers relatively to the walls of the cells, whereby to change the size ofthe outlets from the chambers to the cells to regulate the operation of the pump.

19. In a device of the character specified, the combination with a casing which is divided into a plurality of cells by substantially equidistantly-disposed partitions, and. which casing is divided into halves, means for securing said halves together, bearings carried by one half, an elongated shaft carried in said bearings, impellers mounted on said shaft, means for shifting the shaft and thereby the impellers relatively to the Walls of the cells, whereby to properly dispose the impellers in said cells, means carried by said shaft for supporting the impellers thereon, and automatically-acting packin s carried by said means for packing the shaft where it passes through the casing and the partitions.

EDWARD S. LEA. JULIUS DEGEN. Witnesses as to Edward S. Lea:

JOHN O. HART, FRED W. BARNAcLo. Witnesses as to Julius Degen:-

BEN PHILLIPS, LoUrs A. BERNARD.

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