US789350A - Interconnecting telephone system. - Google Patents

Description

No. 789,350. PATENTBD MAY 9, 1905. A. K. ANDRIANO.

vINTERCONNEG'IING TELEPHONE SYSTEM. APPLIGATION ULEB M316. 1904.

z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 789.350. PATENTE) MAY 9, 1905. A. K. ANDRIANO.

INTERCONNETING TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.18. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

:i l I No. 789,350. Patented May 9, 19,05.

"lhviirnio @raras artnr irrita ALBERT KOCH ANDRIANO, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNA, ASSIGNOR TO DIRECT-LINE GENERAL TELEPHONE COMPANY, OF SAN FRANClSCO,

ALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION.

lNTERCONNEC-TING TELEPHONIE SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATI'ON forming part of Letters Patent No. 789,350, dated May 9, 1905.

Application filed February 18,1904. Serial No. 194,186.

TQ HW N71/07H 'if '/71//1/7/ (W/'l/Wr'l/i/-' naling and talking without interference or Be it known that I, ALBERT Koen' ANniiidisturbance between one circuit and ai'iother. 5o ANO, a citizen of the United States, residing A further and important object of the inat San Francisco, in the county of San Franvention is to economize the battery force and cisco and State of California, have invented to utilize the batteries for signaling as well as new and useful improvements in lnterconfor talking purposes, thereby greatly simpli- `necting Telephone Systems, of which the folfying the construction and reducing the cost 5 5 lowing is a speciiication. of setting up and supervising a large number 'l his invention relates to improvements in of lines. io telephone systems wherein each station is A further ol'ipict of the invention is to preprovided with a switching and a signaling vent waste of battery in case the receiver means that enable it to connect with and may be left o'llI the hook instead of being 60 call up for communication any other station hung up after use. not in use at the time. These and. other objects incidental to the In a system containing a small number of present system l attain and secure in and by stations arranged on the interconnecting means of the construction and arrangements plan, as it is generally termed, and where the of apparatus as herein shown and described. service on such a system is comparatively Figure l is a diagram illustrating the cirlight there is found to be little or no interfercuits for talking between stations numbered 2o ence between the talkiiig-circuits completed 1. and 7 when the switches are set for conand in operation between several sets or necting one with the other, the intermediate pairs of stations at the same moment; but in stations not being represented. Fig. 2 is a 70 a system involving a considerable number of diagram illustrating the sign aling-circuits bestations that are in operation at the same tween the same stations when station No. 1

25 time, and especially where the same retuinis calling No. 7. Several of the intermediate wire is combined or connected at the same stations are represented in this diagram. moment with two or more direct line-wires Fig is afront view of one of the localswitclito form di'llerent metallic circuits for several boxes containing the switching mechanism, pairs of telephones or stations, it has been the circuit making and breaking eom'iections 3o found that the talking-circuits sometimes incontrolled by the telephone-hook, and other terl'ere with and set up such inductive condicomiections, the front of the box being retions on the lines as to causo the talking on moved. Fig. L.l is a centralverticalsectional SO one circuit to be heard on another circuit. ln view through part of the mechanism shown addition to this objectionable feature the in Fig. 3. Fig. is a simplilied diagrammatic 35 signaling-circuits over which one station. calls view illustrating the manner in which by up another are also liable to affect the talkvarying con'ibinations of conductors [ifteen intr takingplace on other lines at the moment separate metallic circuits may be obtained ol signaling by causing the pulsations of the with six coni'luctors, the home contacts only current on the signaling-circuit to act on the of both the direct and the return conductors 40 talking-circuits then. in use. being indicated.

My present invention has for its object to In the following description the terms diprovide a system of metallic circuits for talk* rect conductor am return-conductor are 9o ing and signaling that shall be free from the used arbitrarily to designate the two sides of above-mentioned defects and objectionable the circuit that unite two connected sta- .i 5 features and by means of which also a contions; but it will be understood that the lines siderable number of stations may be conprimarily used as direct conductors in one nected in one system, with a capacity for setset or group of circuits illustrated in the diating up a number of metallic circuits for siggrams may be simultaneously used as returnconductors for other circuits, this fact being l illustrated by Fig.

The grouping of the stations in the manner illustrated in this case and the connecting of them by direct and return conductors and the means for selecting one wire for use as a direct conductor and another for use as a return-conductor, so that acircuit so completed for use becomes individual to the particular connected stations, are not herein claimed, but are the subject of claims in anotherapplication liled by myself and Hermann Herbstritt, November 21, 190.3, and serially numbered 182,092.

The invention that forms the subject-inatter of the present case is shown as applied to an interconnected system,forwhich it is particularly well adapted, and when so applied each station is provided with switching devices by means of which a metallic circuit may be completed between that one and any other selected station of the system. As shown in the drawings, the selecting devices by which one station is connected with another are preferably divided into two sets, one controlling the connection of the local station with the direct line conductors and herein designated, for the purposes of description,as the direct-lineswitch and the other controlling the connection with the returnconductors, this being herein designated the return-lineswitch.H The direct-line switch consists of a set of stationary contacts or points c, constituting the terminals of the direct line-wires that enter the station, and a movable contact or switcharm for making contact with such stationary contacts, one side of the local circuit of the station being connected with the said movable contact, while the return-line switch consists of a set of stationary contacts or points e, constituting the terminals of the return-conductors that enter the station, and a movable contact or switch-arm d for making contact with these stationary contacts, the other side of the local circuit being connected with the movable contact d. These two arms or movable contacts b and d may be and preferably are so mounted as to turn about a common axis, as indicated in Fig. 4, and are normally maintained upon certain of the stationary contacts, commonly called the f home contacts. Spiral springs s and tare employed to automatically return them to normal positions of rest, as is customary in apparatus of the kind to which mine belongs. The movable contacts have connected with them ratchet-wheels m and n, with which coperate detents 7) px for locking the movable contacts upon the stationary contacts, to which they may be set until they are released upon the hanging of the telephone-receiverf11 upon the hookj'. The telephone-hook or arm]l is provided with a tripping-arm .2, mounted in a suitable support fc and extending between studs y, carried by an arm w, that operates to throw ofll the detents when the telephone is` hung up. Further description of these parts is not necessary, as they form no part of the present invention and may be of any usual or approved character.

Referring now to the diagrammatic views, Figs. 1 and 2, wherein my present invention is illustrated, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 designate the conductors interconnecting the stations. Any of these may be used both as a returnconductor for one station and as a direct conductor for another, as indicated in Fig. 5. Those wires or conductors that terminate at the points or contacts c of the station are the direct conductors for that particular station, while those that terminate at the contacts c are the return-conductors, though, as already indicated, the terms direct and return are herein used arbitrarily to facilitate description of the system. The essential features of a local talking-circuit are represented in these views, and l have chosen, for the sake of illustration, an arrangement in which the receiver r is in a closed circuit containing the secondary winding of the induction-coil. Starting from the movable contact or switcharm b of the direct-line switching or selecting device with which one lead of the local circuit is connected, that circuit when connected up for talking may be traced as follows: the switch-arm b, the conductor 8, uniting the switch-arm with the telephonehook j, the contact 13, with which the telephone-hook engages when the receiver is taken down, the wire or conductor 17, the transmitter t, the primary winding S of the induction-coil, the conductor 16, leading to the front stop 15 of the ringing-key g, the movable member of the ringing-key, and the conductor 20, uniting the latter with the switch-arm d of the return-line switch. It will thus be seen that the two switches, which when connected as described constitute the two terminals of the local circuit, make it possible to connect the local circuit y with any of the lines that enter the station and terminate at the contacts c and e and through these lines or conductors with any of the other stations. The complete talkingcircuit between two connected stations is indicated in this view by the heavy line and may be furtherl traced as follows, beginning with the stationary contact to which the movable contact d has been set: the wire 18, uniting the said stationary contact with that conductor 6 which is individual to or a common conductor for the connected station No. 7, the conductor 6, the wire 18 at station No. 7, uniting the conductor 6 with the home contact of the return-line switch, the arm d of that switch, the conductor 20, the movable member of the ringing-key, the front stop 15, the conductor 16, the primary winding s, the transmitter, the conductor 17, the contact 13,

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with which the telephone-hook engages when the receiver is taken down, Athe telephonehook the conductor 8, the movable contact b el the direct-line switch that is resting 5 on its home contact, the wire that unites this contact with the direct conductor that is individual to station No. 7, the battery (L, the conductor l., and the wire uniting this conductor with that stationary contact at staio tion No. 1 that is individual to station No. 7 and to which the switch-arm b has been .moved and 'from which the tracing o'l the talking-circuit began. The electrical energy for operating this circuit is obtained from the i 5 battery a, which, it should be observed, is directly upon the line. It is located outside the local circuit of' the station and in one of the lines er conductors terminating, respectively, at the home contacts c and c of the zo called-up station, preferably in the line that goes to the direct-line switch. The advantages of this arrangement are apparent, as thereby battery force directly on. the line may be obtained, provided the movable con- 2 5 tacts o'l the switches oi the called-up station are on their home contacts, as they should be except when that station is itsehc making connection with another station, no matter what other station in the system may be cen- 3o nected therewith.

The ringing-circuit is indicated in Fig. 2, wherein station No. l is represented as calling up station No. 7. Referring to this view, the calling-circuit may be traced as follows,

3 5 starting with the movable contact b at station No. l: the switch-arm l), the conductor 8, the back stop 14 of the ringing-key g, the movable member oi the latter, which when pressed engages with such back stop, the

4o conductor 20, the switch-arm d, which has been adjusted to that contact c oi the return.line switch that is individual to the station being called up, in this instance station No. 7, the wire 18, the conductor 6, the wire 4 5 10, the bell 7L of station No. 7, the wire Q, the contact l2, upon which the telephone-hook j'rests when the receiver' is hung up, the telephbne-hookj, the conductor 8, thc movable contact b of the direct-line switch now rest- 5o ing upon its home contact c, the battery a, and the direct line conductor l, to back the movable contact at station No. l, this circuit being indicated by the dotted line. llVhen this circuit is thus completed, the bell 5 5 at station No. 7 will ring so long the pushbutton is pressed or until one or both the re ceivers are removed, thus breaking the circuits at contactsf-lZ.

The electrical force 'for operating the call- 6o nig-circuit is obtained trom the battery c,

which, as has already been stated when. describing the talking-circuit, is on the line outside the local circuit and is on the line individual to the called-up station, so as to be o5 always ready 'for use in making a call when the station is not busy. This disposition and arrangement of battery permits the system to be operated without a common ringing battery and circuit and makes it possible to utilize the saine battery both for calling and 'for talking purposes.

It will be seen by reference to the diagrams that in each line or conductor individual to a station there is a battery that serves to operate the instruments in that station whenever it is called, but that whenever a call is sent from such station the connection with such battery is broken .in the act of making connection with the distant station. It will be observed that each battery is connected into the line in the same manner as each other battery-that is to say, if the positive pole of one battery be toward the home contacts c of the line individual to that station then each other battery will have its positive pole disposed in the same relation to the homecontact of the station the .instruments of which it serves to operate. rl`his disposition oi" the batteries renders it impossible for the current from any battery to nd a circuit through a loop including a bell of a station other than the one intended to be falled, which might otherwise take place should a strong battery be employed for ringing purposes. lf the circuits be traced in the present case, it will be seen that whenever a loop is `formed other than the one intentionally made by the act ol" connecting two stations it will include two of the batteries a, and these batteries will have like poles connected together, thus opposing one another and preventing a illow of current or so retarding the low of current as to render it ineffectual for operating bell or other calling instrument.

lhat l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isY

1. In a telephone system the combination with a station, oiE a plurality ot other stations connected therewith by conductors individual to such other stations and terminating at contacts at the Iirst-named station, means for completing an electrical circuit between any station of the system and the Alirst-nanied station, means at the lirst-named station lor selecting the conductor individual to any other station and completing a circuit therewith over such. conductor, and a source of electrical energy in the conductor individual to a station situated outside the selecting means ol" the station.

2. In a telephone system the combination et a plurality ol stations connected with each other by direct line conductors and switching devices, and a source el" electrical energy in. the direct line conductor ol" each station situated outside the switching device ot the station.

3. ln a telephone system, the combination oiE stations (.:onnectcd by direct line conductors having terminals at the stations, a movlOO AIO

able conductor at each station connected with one side of the local circuit of that station and arranged to normally connect with the line individual to that station, or by adjustment to connect with the line of any other station, a source et electrical energy in each direct line conductor situated outside the movable conductor of its station, and a return-conductor with which the opposite side of each local circuit is connected.

et. ln a telephone system, the combination of a plurality of stations connected through switching devices and line conductors having terminals at the stations, a movable conductor 'for connecting one side of the local circuit at a station with the line conductor individual to the station and also by adjustment for connecting it with the line conductor ot' any other station, a return-conductor for completing the circuit with which the opposite side ot each local circuit is connected, and a source of electrical energy for each completed circuit arranged outside the local circuit of the station, the connection with such source of energy being maintained while the movable contact is in connection with the line individual to its station and broken when moved to the line individual to any other station.

5. In a telephone system, the combination of a plurality of stations connected with each other by direct line conductors and switching devices, and a battery in the direct iine conductor of each station situated outside the switching device of the station, the said batteries being similarly disposed with reference to the lines in which they are located.

6. In a telephone system, a pluralitJ of stations connected through switching devices and direct line conductors having terminals at every switch, a source of current in every direct line conductor arranged outside the switching device, a local circuit at every station, means for normally connecting one side of the local circuit with a direct line conductor individual to the station, and also by adjustment for connecting it with the direct line conductor of another station, a returnconductor to which the circuit of the station is connected on its opposite side, and a circuit-closer in the local circuit arranged to unite the terminals of the local circuit and cut out the local instruments.

7. In a telephone system, stations interconnected through individual switching devices and metallic circuits, each composed of a direct conductor and a return-conductor, a local circuit at each station and a source of current in every direct conductor arranged outside the switching device, the latter operating to connect one side of the local circuit normally with the source of current, or by adjustment to cutout the source of current and connect the local circuit directly with the line of another station.

8. In a telephone system, a plurality of stations each having a local circuit, direct line conductors between the stations terminating at contacts individual to the several stations, a switching device connected with the local circuit and arranged to make connection with any of the direct-line contacts, a batterysituated in eachdirect line and connected on one side with the home contact oi its line, a return-conductor common to the station, and means for connecting the localA circuit with the said return-conductor.

Q. ln a telephone system, a plurality of stations interconnected through direct line conductors and individual switching devices, a local circuit at cach station, a battery in cach line individual to a station, and means at each station for normally connecting the local circuit with the direct line individual to that station and with the battery in such line, and adapted by adjustment to cut out the said battery and connect the local circuit with the corresponding battery in another line.

10. In a telephone system, a plurality of interconnectible stations, an electrically@ actuated signaling device at each station, switching devices adapted to connect the signaling device of the station at will with either the signaling or the talking circuit of another selected station, and a source of electrical energy in the direct line conductor of every station situated outside the switching device ol the station.

ln testimony whereoie l have hereunto set my name to this specification in the prcse'iice of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT KOCH ANDRIANO.

Vitnesses:

JOHN S. PARTRIDGE, M. REGNER.

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