US789020A - Woven pile fabric. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAY 2, 1905.

F. HAMMER. WOVEN PILE FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

OVEN PILE FABRIC.

IOATION 4 1 w. Q w W H U QM K m WHH U n U n n U Q v ,1 H U n Ha a @H.U N W Q v m C llNTTEn STATES Patented May 2, 1905.

PATENT WOVEN PlLE FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 789,020, dated May 2, 1905.

Application filed May 27,1904;- Serial No. 210,016.

To aZZ w/tont it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRITZ HAMMER, a sub ject of the Emperor of Germany, residing in the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Woven Pile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to pile fabrics woven double and then separated at a median plane to constitute two pile fabrics and in such connection my invention relates to the manufacture of the fabric with a close pile, whereof the pattern or design is produced with a less number of threads for the pile and without employing a jacquard mechanism in the production of the fabric.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide a woven pile fabric in which prior to cutting in two each backing has a single weft-thread bound in a separate shed by the binder warp-threads and in which the pile-thread is also tied in alternate sheds of the respective backings before separation thereof into the completed fabric, and, second, to provide a woven pile fabric when completed with a single backing with pilethreads disposed in single sets or divisions therein, said pile-threads being tied in alternate sheds of the backing and the backing consisting of two binder warpthreads, with weft-threads bound singly in each shed by the binder warp-threads, and a backing warp thread introduced with the binder warp-threads and passing alternately under one and over three weft-threads inthe sets or weaves of the fabric throughout the same.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view of a cut pile fabric embodying main features of my invention; and Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 00 0c of Fig. 1, illustrating the face and backing of the lower portion of the fabric shown in Fig. 1.

In the manufacture of a fabric of my said inventionbut seven harnesses are required to manipulate the various warp-threads employed to form, in conjunction with the weft threads, a double pile fabric, which when completed and cut in two constitutes two out pile fabrics of my invention. Two sets of three shafts each serve to manipulate the binder and backing warp-threads of the double fabric, and only one shaft is required to carry a pile-thread from one backing to the other. The thin binder warp-threads 1 and 2 of the upper backing a and the thin binder warpthreads 3 and 4 of the lower backing b are manipulated by two harnesses of each set of the three harnesses and are alternately raised and lowered to form sheds in which the weft-threads c and d of the upper and lower backings a and b are introduced. These weft-threads c and d and binder warp-threads 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 form two plain weaves, which are united to each other by a single pile-thread e. The -pilethread e, as shown in Fig. 1, is raised and lowered in regular sequence by one harness and so manipulated by the same as to be interwoven in alternate sheds of the weft-threads c and d with the upper backing a and lower backing b. This manipulation of the pile-thread e by one harness produces in each of the backings a and 5 rows of loops of pile-threads in a horizontal plane arranged directly opposite each other and in a vertical plane are separated by a single weft-thread carrying no loops. Each of the pile-loops in a horizontal plane are separated froin one another by the two thin binder warp-threads 3 and 4 and a backing warp-threadf and in a horizontal plane by a single weft-thread d. This arrangement of loops in each of the backings a and 1) produces when the pile-threads e are cut and the backings separated from each other a well-covered pile-surface in each backing. The fullness of the pile-surface of each backing is still further increased by holding the thin binderwarps 1 and 3 of the backings a and I) under tension during the weaving operation and in troducing opposite these thin binder-warps 1 and 3 in each backing a reinforcing backing warp-threadf, which on account of its thickness, although not held under tension during the'weaving operation, has, in conjunction with the thin binder warp-threads held under tension, a tendency to draw the weft-threads of each backing a and 1) toward each other and to bring the loops of the pile-threads 6 more closely together. The thick backing warp-threadf, introduced in each of the back ings a and b, is manipulated at each third shed by the third harness of each set of the three harnesses. These backing warp-threads as shown, are preferably floated alternately under three and over one weftthread of the backings, and thereby securely binding each fourth weft-thread of each set or weave of eight picks to the adjacent three weft-threads thereof. In addition thereto the thin binder warp-threads 1 and 3 of each of the backings a and b,held under tension during the weaving of the fabric, will, in conjunction with the heavy binder warp-threads f, bind the loops of the pile-thread 6 more securely to each of the backings. Moreover, the introduction of the heavy binder-warp thread fand the holding of certain of the thinbinder warp-threads under tension during the weaving give each backing the requisite degree of firmness in the completed fabric and prevent the so-called grinning thereof in the fabric. The floating of the heavy binder warp-threads under and over the. weft-threads c and (Z of the backings a and bdiffers in each backing for one pick, due to alternate looping of the pile-thread e to the upper and lower backings. By employing a pile-thread e the design in party or multi colors of which has been printed upon the thread prior to its introduction into the backings a and b will produce a pattern fabric by said pile-thread which will be uniform in each backing. It may be here remarked in view of the foregoing that two pile fabrics can be simultaneously produced, each having a uniform pattern or design.

By the use of the party-colored or printed pile thread e a jacquard mechanism and colored yarn on spools, which were hitherto required in the manufacture of double-pile woven fabrics, are dispensed with. Moreover, a great saving in pile-threads and an appreciable increase in the production of the fabric are secured without detracting from the appearance, quality, and character of the resultant fabric. The introduction of a heavy binder warp-thread into each of the backings a and b not only serves to render the backings more firm, but gives body to the same, as well as serves to interlock and tie the pile-thread more securely to the backings of the fabric.

Having thus described the nature and obj ects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A woven pile fabric having a backing consisting of two thin binder warp-threads with weft-threads bound singly in each shed by the thin binder warp threads, a pilethread in a single set or division tied throughout the backing by alternate weft-threads thereof, and a heavy binder warp thread passing alternately under one and over three weft-threads in the sets or weaves to tie in regular sequence two loops of pile-thread to their respective weft-threads in the sets or weaves throughout the fabric.

2. A woven pile fabric having a backing consisting of two thin binder warp-threads with weft-threads bound singly in each shed by the thin binder warp threads, a pilethread in a single set or division tied throughout the backing by alternate weftthreads thereof, and a heavy binder warp thread passing alternately under one and over three weft-threads in the sets or weaves to tie in regular sequence two loops of pile-thread separated by a weftthread to their respective weft threads in the sets or weaves throughout the fabric.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRITZ HAMMER. Witnesses:

J. WALTER DOUGLASS, THOMAS M. SMITH.

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