US787397A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

NO- '787.397- PATENTED A-PR. 18, 1905. C. B. REARICK. STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21, 1900.

4 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

170.787.397. PATBNTED APR.18, 1905. G. B. REARIGK. STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21, 1900. l; I

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NVENTO? No. 787,397. PATENTED APR. 18, 1905. C. B. REARICK.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 21, 1900. ,"l-.

4SHEETS-SHEET a.' I"

No. 787,397. PATENTEDAPR. 18, 1905. C. B. REARIGK.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 21, 1900.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOH W/ T/VESSES Patented April 18, 1905.

UNTTED STATES PATENT @Trice CHARLES B. RFARICK, OF NFV YORK, N. Y.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,397, dated prit 18, 1905.

Application tiled November 21,1900. Serial N0. 37.310.

To /l'/ m11/ if /m/'l/ concer/L:

Be it known that l, Cimunns B. Rnanioii, a citizen of the United States. residing in New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful lmprm'ement in Steanr(enerators, of which the following' is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to the class ofsteam-g'enerators known as watertube boilers."

Some of the objects of the invention are, iirst, to provide a water-tube boiler that is adaptable to both land and marine service and of simple but compact construction; second, one in which the circulation at all times is uniform and free throughout; third, to provide means for separating' the steam globules from the circulating water and steam by partiallycollecting' theseg'lobules before they have reached the surface of the water in the steam and water drum; fourth, to provide means for separating' within the steam and water drum the water from the wet steam delivered to the said drum: lifth. to provide a construction which causes the circulation to be, such that the feed-water introduced will be raised practically to the temperature of the circulating' water in the boiler before it reaches the mud-drum and without having' liowed through the heating-tubes; sixth, to provide a boiler the interior surfaces of which are easily accessible for cleaning; seventh, to provide a boiler of simple construction and easy of access for making' repairs or the removal of parts.

Other objects of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter.

Referring to object third, 1 have discovered through experiment that a separation of steam and water takes place in any contined space through which the circulation of the two is etfected-as, for example, the front header of a water-tube boiler. Taking advantage of this discovery, I have produced a device in which an effective separation of steam can be secured automaticallyv by providing a conduit, the admission end of which draws from or taps the central or interior portion of the circulating passage-way and whose exit end leads into the space from which the steam is to be taken oil' for industrial purposes.

The invention consists, substantially, in the construction, combination, location, and arrangement, all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, as shown in the accompanying' drawings, and finally pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring' to the accompanying' drawings and the various viewsand refcreiufe-sig'ns appearing' thereon, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a water-tube, boiler embodying' the principles of my invention. Fig'. 3 is a half-elevation of the front of same; Fig. 1, a half cross-section on the line A A of Fig. 1. Fig'. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of steam and water drum and front headers` showing' a modified form of the steam collector and separator. Fig. (3 is a sectional view showing' upper portion ol the boiler when the. watertubes are vertically inclined. Fig'. 2 is a sectional view on line 1% B of Figs. 1 and (3, showing' steam collector and separator and connecting-nipple. Fig'. T is a similar section on line B' 1%/ of Fig'. 5; and Fig'. 8 isa section online C C of Fig. :3, showing' modified form of steamcollector.

The same part is designated bythe same reference-sign wherever it occurs.

ln carrying out my invention l provide a steam and water drum 1, connected along its under side by passages .2 to sectional headers or manifolds 3. \Vater and steam druni 1 is also connected near ils outer ends by inclined downflow-pipes 1 to a water and mud drum 5, which is parallel to drum 1 and in turn is connected by passages 6 along its upper side to sectional headers T. Headers 3 and T, respectively, are connected by banks` of inclined water-tu bes 8 and U, Tubes S" are larger than tubes S and are arranged over the furnace 10 to support refractory material to form a lirearch t). At each side of the furnace are arranged tubes S", connecting the water and mud drum with one of the headers 3 on each side. The inside walls of the furnace 10 are lined with refractory material 9", and the bridgewall 9" is formed of the Same material. The gratos are shown at 11 over the ash-pit 19.

9U is a detlector-wall of refractory materiall IOO to deflect the current of the gases. These deflector-walls may be arranged in any way best known to the art.

The boiler is supported on a basal framework 13, on which are mounted the saddles 15, in which the water and mud drum 5 rests. The headers 3 are arranged to rest on the firefront 14, which is also mounted on the framework 13, the whole arrangement permitting' of the free expansion and contraction of' the heating-tubes.

16 is a feed-water-supply pipe in the steam and water drum 1, and 17 the blow-off from the water and mud drum 5.

Opposite each tube in headers 3 and 7 are removable plugs 18.

19 is the exit for the gases and can be arranged at any point best known to the art.

2O is the steam collector and separator; Q0, a modified form of the saine; 20h, the part of 20 which serves to hold the steam-collector 21. 18xL is a special plug with a projection 18b for supporting steam-collector by entering hole 21b in same, all as shown. If it is desired to get at the end of a tube in the upper part of the header, as shown in Fig. 5,the plug 18 is removed, which allows the steam-collector 21 to drop down.

22 is the inclosing case for the boiler.

Vhile I prefer the angle of the heatingtubes to be approximately that shown in Fig. 1,1 do not wish to confine myself to this construction, as these heating-tubes may be vertically inclined, as shown in Fig. 6, instead of horizontally, all the other parts retaining the same relative positions with reference to the heating-tubes, as shown, with the exception of the furnace, which would have to be slightly modified.

The tubes 8l along the sides of the furnace 10 are not essential to the boiler, but afford a convenient means for supporting and protecting the refractory material for forming the sides of the said furnace and also add heatingsurface to the boiler.

Instead of introducing the feed-water into the steam and water drum it could be introduced into the downflow-pipes 4 or into the water and mud drum 5; but 1 prefer the construction as shown.

Referring more particularly to the steam collecting and separating device, that shown in Fig. 1 is intended to be used more particularly where the headers 3 are short and that shown in Fig. 5 where the headers are of considerable length.

The boiler design as shown in Figs. 1. 3, 4, and 5 is especially designed to meet the requirements of marine service, the arrangement being such that the heating-tubes under all ordinary listing of the ship are always filled with water, and in the most extreme cases of'listing it would be impossible to cut off the downflow of the water through the downflow-pipes 4, this being essential to the reise? marine boiler in order that the water-tubes nearest the fire shall always be thoroughly filled with water. It is intended to place the axis of the water and steam drum fore and aft, and with such an arrangement it will be noted that all tubes or other parts are easily removable for repairs and all parts are easily accessible for cleaning. By'placing the water and mud drum and its connections as shown the heating-tubes are assured a bountiful supply of water.

The operation of the boiler is as follows: After filling the boiler with water to the level shown by line W WV, Fig. 1, and starting the fire in the furnace the circulation begins by the water in the tubes 8, 8, and 8h passing' to the headers 3 and through same to and through passages 2 (assuming the boiler to be operated without the steam collecting and separating device) to steam and water drum, where the steam separates from the circulating water and the water passes on and down the downfiow-pipes 4 to the water and mud drum 5. From the water and mud drum 5 the greater part of the water passes to headers 7 through passages 6, from headers 7 to the heating- tubes 8 and 8, and thence on, as before. The water for heating-tubes 8b is taken direct from water and mud drum 5 and joins in the other circulation practically as before described. lith this arrangement it will be seen that those heating-tubes subjected to the greatest heat are more freely supplied with water. This circulation may vary to the extent that a portion of the upper rows of tubes 8 may become returns and operate by carrying part of the water flowing through headers 3 back to headers 7 direct instead of as before described. This would be especially true were the boiler forced or when iny steam collecting and separating device is used. Then the steam collecting and separating device is used, its operation is as follows: By experiment I have found that the steam and water in a header similar to header 3 are more or less separated and that the steam fills the inner portion of the header, while the water tends to collect adjacent to or near to the Vwalls of the header. In my collecting device I have taken advantage of this principle by arranging to tap the steam from the center of the headers 3, allowing the water to pass along the walls of the passage. Referring to Fig. 1, the device is operative by the steam flowing through the passages S and the water through the passages w. 1n Fig. 5 the steam fiows through the passages S/ and S2 and iinall y to the passage S, the water going through the passage w, as before. 1t will be readily seenthat it is possible to accomplish such thorough separation and delivery of the steam above the water-line through the means described and do it so rapidly as to cause the water circulation in passage 'w to be downward in order to make up vease? for some of the loss of water due to evaporation, this water returning from header 3, through the uppermost tubes S, to header T. The separating portion of the device consists of the wet steam delivered through S being thrown against the surface of the water in the steam and water d rum. thereby extracting the water from the steam and leaving the dry steam to pass off through the opening in the drum provided for that purpose.

Referring to Fig. G, it will be noted that the collecting' and separating' feature of the boiler will be quite as eflicient when the water-tubes are vertically inclined as when inclined to the horizontal.

'hile I show and describe a specific type and construction of boiler with a steam-collecting' device, l desire it to be understood that changes in and variations from the specilic constructions shown and described would readily suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention, and 1 do not desire to confine myself to the exact construction and arrangement as shown and described; but,

Having now set forth the object and nature of my invention and a construction embodying the principles thereof, and having explained such construction, its function, purpose, and mode of operation, what l claim as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. ln a water-tube boiler, the combination of a series of heating-tubes, one or more headers at each end of such tubes with which same communicate, a steam and water drum connected below the water-line therein and along' its length to the header or headers at one end of said heating-tubes, a water-drum connected along' its length to the lower end of the header or headers at the other end of said heatingtubes, downtiow-pipes connecting the said drums, with means for collecting' the steam from the central or interior portion of the the water-line therein.

2. ln a water-tube boiler, the combination of a furnace, a series of heating-tubes, one or more headers at each end of such tubes with which same communicate, a steam and water drum connected below the water-line therein and along its length to the header or headers at one end of the said heating-tubes, a waterdrum connected along its leng'th to the lower end of the header or headers at the other end of said heating-tubes, downflow-pipes connecting' the said drums, heating-tubes at the sides of the furnace and connecting' the said water-drum direct with the header or headers in communication with said steam and water drum, with means for collecting the steam from the central or interior portions of the last-named header or headers and deliveringl same above the water-line in the said steam and water drum.

3. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of two headers connected by a series of heating-tubes, a steam and water drum eloselyconnected along its length tothe upper end of one header by straight pipes, a water and mud drum closelyconnected along' its length to the lower end of the other header by straight pipes, and downflow-pipes, accessible for cleaning internally, directly connecting' in straight lines the said drums. substantially as set forth.

'-L. 1n a steam-boiler, the combination of a series of heating-tubes, a series of headers at each end with which said tubes conununicate, a steam and water drum closely connected alongl its length to the upper end of each header of one series by straight pipes, a water and mud drum closely connected along its length to the lower end of each of the other series of headers by straight pipes, and downllow-pipes, accessible for cleaning' internally, directly connecting in straight lines the said drums, substantially as set forth.

In a water-tube boiler, the combination of a furnace, two headers, a series of heatingtubes connecting them, a water and mud drum connected along its length to the lower end of one header, downflow-pipes enteringl such water and mud drum, and heating-tubes at the sides of the furnace connected at one end to the water and mud drum and at the other end to the header, the upper end of which is in direct communication with a water and steam drum.

6. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a furnace, a series of heating-tubes, a series of headers at each end with which said tubes c0111- municate, a water and steam drum connected along' its length to the upper end of each header of one series, a water and mud drum connected along its length to the lower end of each header of the other series, and heating'- tubes at the sides of furnace, respectively connected at one end to the water and mud drum and at the other to the end header of the series of headers in communication with the water and steam drum, as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a header, a steam and water drum, one or more conduits connecting' the header and drum and extending above the water-line in such drum, with one or more passages adjacent to and surrounding the periphery of each of the said conduits, such passages terminating below the water-line and affording communication in either direction between said header and drum.

8. 1n a steam-boiler, the combination of a series of headers, a steam and water drum, a conduit connecting each header with the drum and extending above the water-line therein, with one or more passages adjacent to and surrounding the periphery of each of the said IOO IIO

conduits, such passages terminating below the water-line and aifording communication in either direction between said head er and drum.

9. In a steam-boiler, the combinationv of a header, asteam and water drum, one or more conduits connecting the header and drum and extending above the water-line in such drum, and a passage substantially concentric with each of the said conduits, such concentric passages affording communication in either di-V series of headers, a steam and water drum, aV

conduit connecting each header with the drum and extending' above the water-line therein, and a passage substantially concentric with each of the said conduits, such concentric passages affording communication in either di-v rection between the said headers and drum, all for the purpose set forth.

12. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a series of headers, a steam and water drum, a cond uit connecting each header with the drum and extending' above the water-line therein, the delivery end pointing downward, and a passage substantially concentric with each of the said conduits, such concentric passages affording communication in either direction between said headers and drum, all for the purpose set forth.

13. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a header, a steam and water drum, one or more main conduits connecting the head er and drum and extending above the water-line therein, a passage substantially concentric with each of the said conduits, such concentric passage affording communication in either direction between said header and drum, and a supplemental conduit for each mainY conduit leading into same and extending into the header and leaving aspace respectively between each main and supplementalconduit, all forthe purpose set forth.

14. In a steam-boiler, the combination of al header, asteam and water drum, one or moremain conduits connecting the header and drum and extending above the water-line therein, a passage substantially concentric with each of the said conduits, such concentric passage affording communication in either direction between said header and drum,a supplemental conduit for each main conduit leading into same and extending into the header and .leaving a space respectively between each main and supplemental conduit, and means-forremovably supporting said supplemental conduits whereby the latter may be advanced with- .in the header, all forthe purpose set'forth.

15. In asteam-boiler, the combination of a series of headers, a steam and water drum, a main conduit connecting each header with the drum and extending above the water-line therein, al passage substantially concentric with each of the said conduits, such concentric passage affording communication in either direction between the said headers and drum, and a supplemental conduit extending into each header and leading into the main conduit, leaving a space respectively between each of the said main and supplemental conduits, for the purpose set forth.

16. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a series of headers, a steam and water drum, a main conduit connecting each header with the drum and extending above the water-line therein, a passage substantially concentric with each of the said conduits, such concentric passage adording communication in either direction between the said headers and drum, a supplemental cond uit extending intoeach header-and leading into a main conduit, leavlng aspace respectively between each ot' thev said main and supplemental conduits, and means for removably supporting said supplemental conduit wherebythe latter may be advanced within the header, for the purpose set forth'.

17. Ina steam-boiler, the combination of a header, a steam and water drum, one or more main conduits connecting the header and drum and extending above the water-line therein, with a supplemental conduit for each main conduit, same leading int-o such main conduit and extending into the header and leaving a space respectively between each main and supplemental conduit.

18. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of a header, a steam and water drum, one or more passages connecting the header and drum below the water-line therein, with one=or more conduits affording means for collecting the steam from the central or interior portions of the header and delivering it above the waterline in the said drum.

19. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of a header, arsteam and water drum, one or more passages connecting the header and drum below4 the water-line, and one or more conduits establishing communication between Said header and drum, the upper-'end ot' each of such conduits extending above the waterline while the lower end enters and extends into the header.

20. In a water-tube boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, a header, and one or more conduits establishing communication between the said header and drum and affording means foi-.collecting the steam from the central and interior portions ot' the header drum.

Q1. In a Steam-boiler, the Combination with a generator wherein steam is generated and a steam and water drum connected to the generator, and receiringl steam therefrom, the utter-line being located in Seid drum, of one. or more conduits ati'ording means for collectand delivering; it above the water-line in such ing' the steam from the central and interior portions of the passage-way between the gen- IO erator and drum and delivering it above the Water-line in the said drum.

CHAS. B. REARICK W'itnesses:

JAMES T. FULLER, JNO. MARTIN.

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