US778603A

US778603A - Method of spinning cotton or other fibers.

Info

Publication number: US778603A
Application number: US19486304A
Authority: US
Inventors: William Alfred Phillips
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1904-02-23
Filing date: 1904-02-23
Publication date: 1904-12-27
Anticipated expiration: 1921-12-27

Description

No."778,603. PATENTED DEC. 27, 1904. W. A. PHILLIPS & F. HUTCHINS.

METHOD OF SPINNING-COTTON OR OTHER FIBERS.

APPLICATION FILED 11313.23, 1904.

5 SHEETSSHEET 1.

11$ 25 W1. W T' 1 25 i f/ 27 No. 778.608. I PATENTED DEC. 2'7, 190%.

A. PHILLIPS & P. HUTGHINS.

METHOD 0? SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBERS.

APPLICATION FILED P3123, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 778,603. I PATENTED DEC. 27, 1904. W. A, PHILLIPS & F. HUTGHINS. METHOD OF SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBERS,

APPLICATION FILED $313.23. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET a.

No. 778.603. PATENTED DEC. 2'7, 1904. W. A. PHILLIPS & I. HUTOHINS METHOD OF SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBERS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.23,1904

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

6 6253 IZWF/ZZ/U MAI/ I 1 7%,

1 No. 778,608. PATENTED DEC. 27, 1904.

W. A. PHILLIPS & F. HUTGHINS.

METHOD OF SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBERS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 23. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED STATES Patented December 27, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM ALFRED PHILLIPS AND FREDERICK HUTOHINS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND; SAID PHILLIPS ASSIGNOR TO SAID HUTCHINS.

METHOD OF SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,603, dated December 27, 1904. Application filed February 23, 1904. Serial No. 194,863.

To (LZZ whom it warty concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM ALFRED PHILLIPS and FREDERICK HUTOHINS, electrical engineers, subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing at 185 Oxford street, London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Spinning Cotton or other Fibers, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the spinning of cotton or other fiber or of cotton and other fibers in admixture.

The fiber to be spun is supplied or fed in an essentially untwisted or unspun state to a tubular channel, where it is brought within the influence of an exhaust or induced current of air, by which the fibers are conveyed to and around the spinning-point. This spinning-point is adjacent to a central hole in a rapidly-rotating surface of wire-gauze or other reticulate material covering a revolving chamber in which a partial vacuum is created by a centrifugal air-wheel or by other suitable means of exhaust which may be common to a number of spinning means. The first aggregation of the fibers rapidly floating around the central hole is brought into a spun line by means of a leading thread center or core caused to be drawn through such central opening, and then the fibers in succession become spun into a yarn or thread, and as this is drawn away the current of air supplies and spins fresh fibers robbed from the roving to continue the thread.

In carrying out our invention we have constructed an apparatus such as is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical elevation of the spindle bearing and cover. Fig. 2 is a plan thereof. Fig. 3 is avertical section drawn through the line B F in Fig. 4, which figure is a horizontal section taken through the line C D in Fig. 1. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the spindle. Fig. 7 is a vertical elevation drawn through the line A B in Fig. 8, which latter figure is a front elevation. Fig. 9 is avertical sectional diagram through the spindle-cover, the spindle being shown in elevation. Fig. 10 is a horizontal sectional diagram through the line G H in Fig. 9, except that the spindle is shown in plan and not in section. Fig. llisadiagrammatic perspective view of the spindle-head, showing the gauze top. Figs. 12 and 13 are sectional diagrams of the parts adjacent to the point where the spinning occurs.

These diagrammatic figures are intended to make clearer the path taken by the stream of fibers, as shown by the dotted line. The path taken by the air is practically the same as that taken by the fibers, except that some of the air passes through the holes 35 in the outer ring of the spindle on its way to the gauze, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 9. Owing to the speed of relative rotation of ring and fibers, none of the fibers, however, pass through these holes in the outer ring. As a result of the air passing through these holes the fibers of cotton or other material in use are attracted to the surface of the outer ring, and the edges of the holes tend to separate any fibers which might otherwise cling together. The spindle rotates at an enormously rapid speed, and the edges of the holes have, as it were, a parallelizing loosening and beating action upon the fibers. The result of the draft of air, combined with the rotation of the spindle, is the production of a kind of vortex which impels the fibers toward the central hole in the gauze, as indicated by the dotted line 60. In Fig. 12 the dottcdline represents a single fiber the leading end of which has just reached the point where the spinning of the fibers into a yarn takes place. The air-vortex causes this fiber to be spun round, so that it is made to formitself spirally into a continuation of the yarn if the previously-formed portion is drawn down at the same time, as shown in Fig. 13. A constant stream of fibers will of course give a continuous yarn, and if producedyarn is properly drawn away there will always be a little tail of fibers just above the hole in the gauze, as shown in the enlarged views, Figs. 12 and 13, and the fresh fibers are continuously building themselves up at this point, and so forming more yarn. Two sets of springs are provided, each set consisting of strips of flat steel. The function of the springs 4 1, which l are fixtures at their opposite ends to a crutch aflixed to the tube t2, is to support the formed yarn against the twisting action of the rotating springs L1, which springs serve to press upon and consolidate the yarn. \Vhile it is quite possible to obtain a yarn without the pressing-spring, it would be very loose in condition, the power of the air-vortex not being in itself sul'ficientto spin the fibers tightly enough round themselves so as to forma solid yarn.

The machine is for convenience of the drawings shown arranged for two spindles only. The machine has two standards a, only one of which. is shown, and a supplementary standard 6.

c is the main shaft, driving the machine by means of fast and loose pulleys (Z (a.

fis adrum for driving the spindles. A worm g on the main shaft 0 drives a worm-wheel 7L, spindle i, bevel-wheelsj/r, the latter driving by chain Z the sprocket-wheels m 49.. The sprocket-wheel m is fixed on a spindle 0, having a worm driving a worm-wheel p. The latter is on the same spindleas the cam g, which operates the pin 9 in a sliding shaft 5, which pin '1' is kept to its work in contact with the said cam by a chain zfpassing over a pulley u and drawn upon by a weight 2;. The shaft 3 carries guide-pulleys to, one for each spindle, thereby giving transverse motion.

In Fig. 8 the left-hand spindle is shown in elevation. The right-hand portion shows the gearing between the pull-off shaft 1 and the drawing-rollers. This shaft carries a roller 2, against which a bobbin 5 is pressed by a spring 8. Between 5 and 2 is an endless band 9, passing over two loose pulleys 9 and 10, thereby driving pulley 11, and a gearwheel fastened to that pulley in turn drives suitable gearing in connection with the drawing-

rollers

12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17. 18 is a bobbin of fibrous material, the roving from which passes through the rollers, as more clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The drawingrollers may be of the usual kind employed in existing spinning1nachines. In Fig. 7 the front top rollers are shown weighted by means of two links 19 19 with two levers 20 and a weight 21. 22 23 are clearing-rollers. 2a is a box-girder extending right across the machine and carrying the spindles. The retating spindles are carried in bearings 25, which are secured in the box-girder 24: by a washer 26 and nut 27. The interior of the box 24. is connected by a pipe 28 (see Fig. 8) with a vacuum-fan. (Not shown.) The spindle 32 is driven by a pulley 29 from the drum f by means of a band 30, which band passes over two loose pulleys 31. The spindle consists of a hollow tube 32, having a head provided with two concentric rings 33 3a, the latter having a series of holes 35. The bottom of the spindle-head has a ring of holes 36, so that the partial vacuum in the box 24: causes air to pass down through the holes 36 into the circular channel 37 and through the ring of holes 38. The inner ring 33 is provided with a gauze top or cover 39, having a hole in the center 40, which may conveniently be formed with an eyelet. Immediately be low the gauze are two fiat springs M, rotating with the spindle lnside the hollow spindle is a tube 42, held by the bracket et3, so as not to rotate, and provided at the top with two flatsprings 41, similar to thesprings e1. Surrounding the spindle-head is a fixed tubular casing 45, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, having an o 'iening at. The casing 15 is closed at the top by a closing-piece dropped into the tube, which piece has, as shown, a fiat bottom 47 without a hole in the center; but this bottom plate may have a hole or may be coned or domed or be provided with a .blunt projection, shaped somewhat as a tea-t or otherwise be given a form around which the vortex may be generated and the spinning into a yarn promoted.

In operation the sliver or roving of fiber, such as cotton, is conveyed to the deliveryrollers with a certain amount of draft arranged to be given to the roving in its passage between them, if so desired, and from these delivery-rollers the end of the roving is carried past the outer wall, with its perforations forming the exterior of the spindle-head, or it might be a roller whose periphery is adapted to give a certain amount of beating andseparating action to aid the air-current induced by the vacuum in drawing the fibers away from the roving in a loose stream. This revolving head is inclosed in a casing to protect the fibers from extraneous influences and guide them into proximity to the edges of the openings in the outer wall 34:, and the casing forms a channel which, becoming constricted, causes the flow of the air-borne fibers in a stream to the wiregauze cover and around and down through the central opening in the rapidlyrotating head to receive aspiral twist and interlocking with the yarn in course of formation and removal through the fixed inner tube. The cover to this casing is, as stated, so shaped as to give the greatest aid possible to the rapid revolution of the fibers at the spinning-point.

The materials spun may be cotton, silk, (such as Wild or waste silk,) rabbits wool, or other comparatively short fibers.

It should be stated that at the inception of the process the fibers are spun about a leading thread center or core which may be drawn through the spindle in any desirable way. After the removal of the said core from the vortex created in the manner hereinbe'fore described the fibers are formed or spun into the requisite form by the vertex of air.

Although we have particularly described the use of an induced current for the conveyance of fibers, a current of forced air or a current attained by impulsion and induction may be used.

\Ve claim 1. A method of spinning which consists in the creation of a vortex of air, and the drawing of fibers into said vortex to cause the association of such fibers by the vortex.

2. A method of spinning, which consists in the creation of a vortex of air, and the drawing of fibers solely by air-currents into the vortex to cause the association of the fibers into yarn by the action of such vortex.

3. A method of spinning which consists in the creation of a vortex of air and the drawing of fibers into the vortex to cause the association of such fibers into yarn by such vortex, and'then compacting the yarn.

4. A method of spinning, which consists in the creation of a vortex of air and the draw- WILLIAM ALFRED PHILLIPS. FREDERICK HUTOHINS.

Witnesses:

JOHN CooDE HARE, ERNEST JOHN HILL.