US774759A - Portable high-frequency device and vacuum-tube stand. - Google Patents

Description

PATEN TED NOV. 15, 1904.

T. B. KINRAIDE.

PORTABLE HIGH FREQUENCY DEVICE ANDVAOUUM TUBE STAND.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 27. 1904.

2 SHBETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

T. mm a WifW-Ss,

M6150 77mg No. 774,759. PATENTED NOV. 15, 1904.

- T. B. KINRAIDE.

PORTABLE HIGH FREQUENCY DEVICE AND VACUUM TUBE STAND.

W I APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 27, 1904. 170 MODEL.- 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Qdiarzzcy.

Patented November 15, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS E. KINRAIDE, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

PORTABLE HIGH-FREQUENCY DEVICE AND VACUUM-TUBE STAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 774,759, dated. November 15, 1904.

Application filed June 27,1904.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS B. KINRAIDE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boston, Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Portable High-Frequency Devices and Vacuum-Tube Stands, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on thedrawings representing like parts. r v

My invention is an apparatus for enabling a vacuum-tube or the-like to reach the highest efliciency in .connection with high-frequency currents of high potential, my invention being particularly intended for therapeutical purposes.

The transmission of high-potential currents along long conductors is very wasteful. For instance,'in the ordinary static machine the transmission from the machine to an X-ray tube causes a loss of considerably over fifty per cent., and it is well known that high-potential current is very diflicult to transmit without a great loss by atmospheric conduction, and this is still more true of high-frequency alternating current, the difliculty being greatest, and hence the waste of current greatest,'with the strictly high-frequency currents of induction apparatus. The loss, and hence the difficulty of transmission, increases with the increase of frequency, so that in therapeutical work (for which my invention is particularly adapted, as above mentioned) it becomes practically impossible to transmit the effects from the ordinary high-frequency apparatus to the patient or other object, even ten feet of the best insulated conductor practically dissipating the output. The result'is that the so-called high-frequency apparatus falls far short of producing proper highfrequency results. Another serious objection resulting from the transmission of this highpotentialcurrentover longconductors(as heretofore necessary) is the danger to the patient, apparatus, and. operator from the heavilycharged conductor-wires, and hence requiring great skill in their handling and a constant nervous strain upon the operator in dolng so.

Serial No. 214,266. lNo model.)

My invention has for its objects the obviating of the aforesaid difficulties and objections by providing an apparatus which can be operated without any danger to the patient or anxiety on the part of the operator, requiring little skill or technical knowledge in its use,

working with very slight dissipation of current, andat the same time not beingliable to break, down or give out with careless handling. Besides, my invention provides a superior current and is attractive in appearance and convenient to manipulate.

Stated broadly, my invention, so far as it relates to the avoidance of loss of current, resides in mounting the X-ray tube directly on the secondary itself, thereby eliminating the usual conductors, inasmuch as the terminals of the secondary are directly connected with the terminals of the X-ray tube, and that feature of my invention which resides in its convenient portability consists in operating the high-frequency induction devicei. 6., the induction-coil, resonator, or the likeat a distance from the high-frequency generator, so that all the heavy portions of the apparatus remain stationary, while the induction device and tube are mounted together for direct use wherever required.

Other features of my invention and the various constructional details of the invention in its embodiment as herein shown will be pointed out in the course of the following description. v

In the drawings, in which I have shown one only of many embodiments of my invention, Figure 1 is aperspective view thereof. Fig. 2 is a view in elevation looking at the rear side of the apparatus as shown .in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional detail showing the construction of one of the terminals of the apparatus.

This invention relates tohigh-frequency apparatus of the most advanced type, and by the terms high frequency and high potential as herein used I refer to currents capable of producing a disruptive or brush discharge into the air from spherical electrodes at least one inch to one and one-hali inches in diameter, or, defined otherwise, my

invention relates to currents which cannot be conducted (at least not in the usual manner) over a conductor-wire, as commonly practiced with ordinary currents, but will dissipate themselves in the air in spite of any usual insulation. This high-frequency high-potential current because of the impossibility of conducting it has heretofore been incapable of practical and successful use for such purposes as those hereinbefore mentioned, because almost entirely lost in the air before reaching the translating device, (at the patient, for example,) said dissipation being, moreover, exceedingly dangerous to the operator; and it is the object of my invention to render available without danger or loss of current the kind of current which l have just defined. I have succeeded in securingthe desired result, not by rendering the current any more transmissible than before, but by separating the essential parts of the apparatus in such manner and providing such construction that the exceedingly high frequency and high-potential current, with its attendant danger and difficulty, need not be transmitted, but is developed directly at and in connection with the portable translating device operated by a stationary and remote generating source comprising the heavier and more cumbersome portions of the apparatus, which are capable of transmitting without danger to the portable portion the proper current for operating the latter to produce the dangerous and nontransmissible current first defined.

The high-frequency generator or source of high-frequency current may be of any usual or preferred kind, being herein diagrammatically represented as comprising an alternator A, transformer T, condenser C, spark-gap S, (the latter being indicated as of the kind contained in my application Serial No. 209,686.) From this source of high-frequency energy conductors a a lead to the tube-stand, (by which term I mean to include any device carrying the vacuum-tube or other translating device.) As herein illustrated said tube-stand is mounted for convenience on a standard or rod 6. As already stated, the tube-stand consists of a high-frequency device, (by which term 1 mean to include any device capable of high -frequency discharge,) and, as herein shown, this high-"frequency device is composed of two conical secondaries a at", extending coaxially in opposite directions from a common primary (4*. The general construction and advantages of the conical form of secondaries are set forth in my copending application, Serial No. 209,684, filed May 25, 1904:.' While 1 do not limit my invention to any definite use orcapacity, a convenient construction includes a coarse winding of four turns, whose terminals connect to the respective conductors a a, and a fine winding of No. 30 triple-wound secondary.

The bases of the secondary coils are arranged adjacent to each other and separated from the common primary a", wound in a pcri'pheral groove formed between plates (Z 0 and held in rigid position by suitable means, as bolts (0 These secondaries are wound on hollow insulating shells or supports a and held together by a tie-rod a passing through the plates a a and having threaded engagement at its ends with opposite ferrules a, (one only being shown in Fig. 3, as the construction is the same at the opposite ends of the apparatus,) Whose heads a engage the outer ends ,of the cones 00 thereby clamping the high-frequency device together. I At their smaller ends each cone is provided with a conductor-plate a, connected by a pin or strip of conductive material a to a contact-plate a for tightly receiving ametal sleeve or post a, to the outer end of which is soldered or suitably secured the secondary-terminal a", as indicated at a, within a ball of insulating material. The opposite terminals of the two secondaries are connected together, as indicated at a, and grounded by a wire a The plates a a carry aframe a shown as comprising a pair of rods a, supported in said plates, and end supports n notched at their upper ends, as plainly shown in Fig. 1, for receiving the vacuum-tube V or other translating device operated in connection with the apparatus. In the drawings I have shown one well-known form of X-ray tube as mounted in the frame a3, said tube being held inposition by heavy rubber straps a, connected at their free ends to the supports, a and passed yieldingly about the ends of the vacuum-tube. On the latter is a bridge-frame consisting of a rod a and inverted-Y supports a held in place by heavy rubber straps a, similar in construction and arrangement to the straps aft. This bridge-frame carries opposite electrodes w a, connected by wires a a to the vacuum-tube for regulating the vacuum therein in well-known manner. The opposite secondary-terminals a are provided with hooks a for quick connection with the translating device. H

The tube-stand is provided at its lower end with a handle a, shown as slidingly mounted in a bracket 1), adjustably secured by a hand-screw 5 to aslide b clamped by athumb screw I) to the standard 6.

In use it will be seen that, in the first place, the X-ray tube is mounted directly on the high-frequency device instead of being mounted at a distance on a separate stand, as has heretofore been the practice. By this means separate conductors are entirely eliminated, it

being necessary merely to extend the terminals proper of the high-frequency device the short distance required in order to reach the translating device, mounted as close thereto as the shape of the respective parts will ermit. By this means the energy of the h gh-frequency device is not dissipated, but is directly transferred to the X-ray tube, thereby giving an efliciency hitherto not obtainable. In the next place, the high-frequency device is light and portable, inasmuch as the heavier parts of the apparatus are separated therefrom, being ordinarily kept in a heavy cabinet considerably removed from the operating chair, table, or, it may be, from the room itself.

By the arrangement of the mechanism herein set forth as the preferred embodiment of my invention one primary serves for two secondaries, and also by having the second aries .arranged as shown, in which a single layer of fine wire is provided, the liability of sparking from turn to turn is eliminated and the discharge-terminal is removed from the primary, the resistance. decreases with each turn, and it is possible to get more turns than in any other form with a single layer, &c., as explained in my before-mentioned conical-coil application.

The yielding holders (1 (1 permit the translating device to be turned readily without disarranging the connections, as has heretofore been necessary.

As already intimated, I do not intend to restrict myself to the precise construction herein set forth as the preferred embodiment of my invention, as many changes in form, arrangement, and relation of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as defined in the broader claims hereinafter contained. I regard my invention as broadly new in a number of particulars, as will appear more definitely in the following claims.

My invention has no relation in any way to low frequency hand devices and portable cabinets operated by primary batteries and the like nor to the induction devices which were commonly used in connection-with ordinary currents a few years ago, but is re-, stricted to that class of apparatus, as previously defined, of which the current is of such a high frequency and high potential as to be practically non-transmissible, for the reasons already stated, over a usual conductor, said current having a high frequency and high potential capable of a disruptive brush discharge, as already stated. 1

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is 1. The herewith-described means of render ing the described kind of current available with .the highest efficiency directly at the point of use, consisting in the combination of a Sta tionary generating source of high-frequency current, with an independently mounted and inclosed device capable of developing therefrom a high-potential and high-frequency current of the kind described, said device beingcapable of hand manipulation for direct application of said current and connected to said stationary source by a longflexible conductor permitting it to be readily 'movedabout the room or patient without disturbing said stationary source.

2. The combination with a stationary source of high-frequency current, of a portable induction-coil operatingin connection therewith to develop high-frequency high-potential current of the kind described, and along flexible conductor supplying current from said-source to the primary of said coil.

3. A high-frequency apparatus having a high-potential high-frequency disruptive discharge device movable independently of the rest of the apparatus for permitting local application or the like. Y

4. In an apparatus of the kind described, comprising a source of high-frequency current, and remote high-frequency device operated thereby, and a frame carried by said device for supporting a translating device in close proximity thereto.

5. In an apparatus of the kind described, comprising a source of high-frequency cur rent, a high-frequency device, having a central partition, terminals at the opposite sides of said partition, a framecarried by said par tition transversely thereof for supporting a translating device, and means for connecting the latter directly with said terminals.

6. In an apparatusof the .kind described, comprising a source of high-frequency current, a high-frequency device, a flexible conductor engaging the two, means for connect-' ing the terminals of said high-frequency device directly to a translating device, and means for moving said translating device and highfrequency device together.

I 7. In an apparatus of the kind described,- comprising a source-of high-frequency current, a high-frequency device, a flexible conductor engaging the two, means for connecting the terminals of said high-frequency device directly to a translating device, and a han- IQO dle extending from said high-frequency device for adjusting and moving the same and said translating device together.

8. A high-frequency device, comprising a primary, and a pair of independent secondaries operated by said single primary.

9. A high-frequency device, comprising an intermediate coarse primary, and opposite fine secondaries,operated thereby,having theirdischarge-electrodes remote from said primary.

10. A high-frequency device, comprising a primary, and opposite conical secondaries,

11. A high-frequency device, comprising a conical support, a secondary wound thereon, a peripheral groove at the base of said support, and a primary held in said groove.

12. A high-frequency device, comprising a primary, insulating-plates on opposite sides thereof, opposite secondaries outside of said plates, and retaining means therefor.

13. A high-frequency device, comprising a primary, retaining-plates therefor, opposite.

v conical secondaries extending coaxially in opposite directions therefrom,'and an axial tierod binding all of said parts. 14. A high-frequency device, comprising a primary, a conical secondary operated thereby, a tie-rod, a ferrule binding said parts together, said ferrule having external and internal contact-plates electricaliy connected together and yvith said secondary.

15. In a high-frequency device, a conical secondary, having a discharge-terminal consisting of a ferrule having an internal contactplate electricallyconnected With the smallest turn of said secondary, a removable conductorpost fitting against said contact-plate and having, adjacent the end of said ferrule, a short terminal Wire permanently secured thereto.

16. In a high-frequency device, a conical secondary, having a discharge-terminal, consisting of a ferrule having an internal plate fitting against said contact-plate and having,

adjacent the end of said ferrule, a short terminal Wire permanently secured thereto ina ball of insulating material.

17. A high-frequency device, having a frame mounted directly thereon, and provided with means for securing a vacuum-tube thereto.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of tWo subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS B. KINRAIDE.

Witnesses:

GEO. H. MAXWELL, E. G; PRooToR.

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