US773985A - Apparatus for recording and reproducing speech, &c. - Google Patents

Description

' P B NOV 1 1-904.

. E. E. RIBS. A APPARATUS FOR RECORDING AND REPRODUQING SPEECH, 6w.

APPLICATION FILED IEI-JB. 26. 1903.

2 sums-sum 1.

N0 MODEL.

INVENTOH'.

BEST AVAILABLE COP.

, IATBNTED NOV. 1904. E.B.RIES. APPARATUS FOR RECORDING AND REPRODUGING SPEECH, 8w.

APPLICATION I'iLED FEB.'-26. 1903.

' '2 SHBETSSHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

4 Ill/l!!! INVENTOI? WITNESSES; $00M 1 been possible.

UNITED STATES BEST AVAILA EC PATENT OFFICE.

ELIAS E. RIES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR RECORDING AND REPRODUQINGLSPEEC H, 81,0.

SPECIFICATION forining part of Letters Patent No. 773,985,8ated November 1, 1904.

Application filed February 2a, 1903. Serial no; 145.267} (Nb was.)

T0 and iu/wm, it may concern: I 1

Be it known that I, ELIAS E. RIEs, a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of thelbo'rs ough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and

State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Recording and Reproducing Speech, .&c., of which the following is-a specification. My invention embraces certain new and useful improvements in apparatus for recording and reproducing speech and other sounds or impulses electromagnetically, by which various new and useful results, as well as economies in operation, are produced and by means of which the apparatus is better adapted 'to commercial requirements than has heretofore My present invention relates more particularly to magnetic phonographs,telegraphones, or telephonographs of that class in which'a magnetizable steel wire or ribbon that .is wound from one spool or drum onto another is employed as a carrier or base for the magnetic record. When such records are in the form of an endless band orbelt, their capacity 'for receiving vocal or other records is greatly limited, although their capacity for reproducing.or repeating their contained records is practically unrestricted, owing to the endless nature and uniform direction of motion of the band. Such capacity for repetition of a record either after its original impression or subsequently thereto is in many. cases highly de-- sirable and for certain commercial purposes indispensable. Yet in view of the high speed of the wire or ribbon necessary in phonographs of this type such band or belt records are impracticable for most commercial purposes in which voice-records are employed. On the other hand, when a long record-wire is wound upon a spool or drum capable of containing, comparatively speaking, an unlimited length and is from thence wound upon a receiving spool or drum either in the process of receiving or of reproducing its record several new and serious difliculties arise that for many purposes make also this method commercially impracticable; Among these difficulties may mention the following:

.Fir st. If such long containing-wire be unwound= from its original containing-spool for the purpose of receiving or being charged witha-vocahmusical, or other record and then Wound uponthe receiving-spool, it cannot be immed'iately;utilized to reproduce the record thus-impressed upon it,= but must first be unwound from the receiving-spool back onto the containing-spool and must then again be started on its forward journey until it has again been fully or'tolthe desired'extent wound'upon the receiving-spool, which operation, it will be evident, consumes considerable time.

Second. If .during such return operation the reproducingrelectromagnet or one or more reproducing-telephones are allowed to remain in circuit, the impressed record will be repro duced in a backward or reversed direction, which is highlyobjectionable and irritating,

particularly where a number of telephone sub- A 'netic phonograph or telegraphone principle is peculiarly well adapted) militates seriously against its adoption. In'view of the {high initial speed of the record-wire and its feeding mechanism a very much higher return speed or reverse feed for the purpose of cutting down the time consumed in resetting the instrument is inadvisable, because of the increased wear and tear. on the feeding mechanism and the danger of breaking the recordwire, which latter for selections of considerable length must be made quite thin.

Fourth. For phonograph-records containing instrumental selections consisting of al ternate parts (such as a main theme and rev 'frain orchorus) that requires several repetitions in order to render the production complete-as, for example, records containing Patented November 1,1904.

or reels) is inaccessible. .40

BEST AVAILABLE COP dance-music whose proper rendition might consume aconsiderable period of time-a very long, cumbersome, and expensive record-wire and containing spool would be required, whereas by means of the apparatus forming the subject-matter of my present invention, as will shortly be apparent, only a fractional part of the total length of the record-wire will be requisite.

Fifth. In instances where very long wires are used, particularly on phonograph instruments designed principally for use with shorter records, such long wires are objectionable owing to the distortion of the record when wound and unwound on spools the operative diameter of which is continually changing in an inverse direction with respect to each other, to overcome which would require special differential gearing or other compensating devices of greater or less complexity. Sixth. Under the existing long wire or rec method of operation, more especially in telephonograph work, if it is desired to impress only part of the carrier-wire witha record or message such part must first be retraced or rewound before it can be read to its original starting-point, which must generally be as-- tional message, the entire charged portion will have to be wound back and the older or obsolete records at the commencement of the coil be ex pun'ged before additional matter can be received.

Seventh. Vhile part of the length of the telephonograph record wire is in use, the greater bulk of it (that wound upon the spools Asingle message of only ephemeral value or perhaps of no interest whatever to the recipient cannot very well be omitted or wiped out from the tape as it is being received, but must take its place or its equivalent in space among the more valuable or permanent despatch es or records. While one message is being reproduced or retransmitted from the wire another cannot be simultaneously recorded and stored therein, should this be desirable, since only a small portion of the total length of the coil is exposed.

In short, the existing types of telephonographs or telegraphones of the class at present under consideration while possessing many features of scientific interest in their development up to the present time are yet lacking in certain important features, more especially in connection with their use as magnetic phonographs that are thought to be more or less essential to their successful commercial exretain all the practical advantages of the endless band or belt variety of telegraphone in so far as immediate and unrestricted repetition and accessibility of therecord or any desired portion of the same is concerned, while at the same time securing all the benefits of thelong wire or spool system. In fact, I am enabled in addition to the foregoing to obtain certain other valuable advantages and economies which have not heretofore been possibleof attainment with either the belt or coil type of apparatus.

This invention not only permits me to overcome the various difficulties, among others,

hereinbefore specifically enumerated, in a simor ribbons designed to serve as the carrier or base for the record or records, each of said wires or ribbons being separately mounted upon its own containing and receiving drums, spools, or reels in such a manner that one'wire of the pair is being wound up on its receiving drum while the other wire is being unwound from itsv containing-drum, the two sets of dru ms beingsimultaneously actuated or driven by a motor of any suitable form that is preferably common to both and to which the drums may be geared orotherwise connected. A reversing switch or gear is provided for changing the relative directions of motion of each set of-drums when the wire on one set has been unwound, and vice versa, this being pref erably accomplished automatically, means being provided, however, to permit of changing or reversing the direction of motion of the two sets of spools or drums manually whenever desired or for reversing the direction of motion of the record wires or ribbons at any intermediate portion of their travel, so as to permit of the recording, reproduction, or elimination of any intermediateportion of the rec 0rd or records at will, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In another form of my apparatus, which I have designed more especially for use as a magnetic phonograph-that is to say, an instrument designed chiefly for the reproduction of portable or interchangeable records previously impressed upon a wire and carried upon a suitable containing spool or drum-T1 make use of a simplified arrangement. It will be clear from a further consideration of the underlying principle of my presentinvention that its objects may be carried out equally well Whether the two wires themselves run in, opposite directions or whether the two wires run in the same direction, buthave their respective records oppositely impressed thereon. It follows from this that instead of using two separate containingspools I can place my entire record-wireon a BEST AVAILABLE cor single spool, thus greatly simplifying the construction, which is particularly advantageous any desired length, which may previously be impressed or charged with a magnetic record or series of such records, bend thiswire at or {of illustration. 5 grammatically the direction. of travel of the two wires and their respective spools when 'the type of driving-gear'shown in Fig. 1 is near its center, fasten the bent portion to a containing spool or'drum having preferably a slotted central dividing-diaphragm, place the spool on a revolving shaft, and simultaneously wind both halves of the record-wire upon the spool, one at each side of its central diaphragm, respectively. This containingspool may then be placed in my improved magnetic-phonograph apparatus, the. two loose ends of the wire being clamped or othe erwise attached" to the two halves of asimilar receiving spool, and the .instrumentisthen ready for operation. 7 To insure uniform feed ing, the apparatus is provided with guides for evenly laying on the record-wire as it is wound 11'pon'the'two halvessofth'e spools.-

The features above set forth, together various other modifications and details of my invention,.will now be more particularly described and will be readily understood byreference to thedrawings, in which? Figure 1 is a plan view, partly insection, of my improved telephonograph' or telegraphone apparatus provided with a double set of spools,'the wire-feeding mechanism and the recording, reproducing, and eliminating electromagnets being omitted for'clearness Figs. 2 and .3 illustrate diaemployed, the lower wire shown'in Fig. 3 being in practice maintained horizontally parallel with that of Fig. 2 by means of suitable guides (not shown in the diagram) over which it is passed. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the method of impressing a record or records upon a long wire designed for use with asingle containing-spool. Fig. 5 is a diagram, and Fig. 6 a plan view, showingthe impressed wire of Fig. 4 attached at its center to a'containing-spool, with its loose ends wound upon a receiving-spool, said spools being of the subdivided form, such as preferably employed by me in using my invention for phonograph work. Figs. 7and 8 are detailedviews, partly in diagram, of two types of reproducing-mags nets adapted for operation with my duplexwire phonograph instrument. Fig. 9.is a detailed diagrammatic view showing one of the ,two sets of recording, reproducing, and eliminating electromagnets and guiding-rolls employed-by me when my invention is used. as a telephonograph or telegra'phone instrument as in Fig. 1. Figs. v10, 11, and 12 are respectively an end elevation, a top or plan view,,and

a side elevation of one form of my improved duplex-wire magnetic phonograph, parts ofcasing in each view being removed for clearnessof illustration. 7

Like characters of reference indicate similar or corresponding parts in all the views.

Referring now to Fig. 1, A and B are the containing spools or drums carrying the magnetizable record-wires a and b, respectively, while A and B are the receiving spools or drums upon which these Wires are wound when the instrument is in operation. It is to be understood that the terms containing and receiving as here used, especially when my instrument is used both as a recording and reproducing apparatus or telephonographophone,as in Fig. 1, are relative terms only, since 1 these spools are; alternatelyboth containing and receiving spools. .By the term i containing-spool as herein: employed is therefore meant-thespool, reel, or drum that originally contains the. wirewhich is to. receive a magnetic record when the instrument is used for the receptionof distant messages in the carpacity-of arecording apparatus'or telephono 'graph or thatiwhich originally carries the charged wire containing a magnetic record thatisto be locally reproducediwhen the instrument'is usedmerely as a reproducing apparatus or magnetographophone. By 'receiving-spooP. is =meant the. spool, reel, or drum'upon which: the wire .or .other' record carrier is temporarilywound when the appa 1 ratus 1s m operation-and from which it isultimately wound back upon the containingspool. r

'In Fig. 1 the spools A and B are mounted so as to revolve loosely upon a common supporting-shaft 0,. while spools A and B are similarly mounted upon ashaft d parallel therewith and at a short distance therefrom. These shafts are clamped or otherwise supported at their center upon uprights or brackets e" e", forming part of a base plate or frame E.-, V Pivotally mounted upon the. frame E by means of upper and lower trunnions, the upper one of which, 6, extends through and has its, bearing in. a central bridging-piece (not shown) extending across the frame, is a driving-motor F of-any suitable type-as, for example, an electric motor of light construction. The armature-shaft of this'motor is provided with beveled frictionwheels or pinions .f fixthat-are capableof being brought into operative relation with similar friction wheels or gears f'f'f f, to which the inner heads of the several spools may either be permanently fixed or are preferably removably attached by means-of bayonet-slots engaging. with the heads of studs f f, as shown in connection with the spool A. Suitablemeans, such as grooves or collars on'the shaftsc and d, are employed to retain'the beveled wheels in fixed position upon their respective shafts.

BEST AVAlliABLE coe T The beveled pinions ff in the position'of the motor, as illustrated, have been brought into contact or engagement with the beveled wheels or gears to which the receiving-spools A and B are secured. These spools are now revolved by the motor, (whose direction of motion is preferably constant,) so as to cause the wires a and b to be wound thereon in the directon of the arrows from the containingspools A and B. These latter being now free from contact with the pinions ff are at liberty to unwind, the arrangement of the parts being such that there is just sutlicient friction between the containing-spools and shaft to keep the wire reasonably taut while it is being unwound. When the two wires have been fully or to any desired extent wound upon the receiving-spools, the motor is turned about its pivoted axis, so that its pinions come into contact with containing-spools A and B, which we will assume are now empty, and the wires will thus again be wound upon the contaming-spools, the receiving-spools being now the trailing instead of the driven spools. V

Fastened to the upright lugs e of the'frame E and extending across or bridging the same at apoint below the line of travel of thewires a and Z) is a removable supporting-plate upon a which are mounted two sets of the guide-rolls and two setsof the electromagnets thatare shown diagrammatioally'in Fig. 9. The two sets of rolls and electromagnets are mounted upon a sliding base capable of a transverse motion along the bridging-plate, each set being directly over its respective wire a or b. Inasmuch as one form ofsliding base containing guides and electromagnets is shown in and will he described with respect to the apparatus represented in Figs. 10, 11, and 12, it has not been deemed necessary to illustrate this feature as employed in connection with the type of apparatus represented in Figs. 1 and 9, as the construction and operation of the same will be readily understood. In fact, no special transverse feeding mechanism for the sliding base other than that furnished by the wire-guiding rolls will be necessary, since the natural coiling of the successive turns and layers of wire ori the two receivingspools will ordinarily insure a uniform to-and-fro feed and produce an evenly-distributed de posit of the wires in regular layers upon the spools.

From an inspection of Fig. 9 it will be seen that the wire a, movingin the direction of the arrow, passes in succession under three separate electromagnets, I being the impressing, R the reproducing, and E the eliminating magnet. One, two, or all three of these magnets may under certain conditions be in use at one time, as hereinafter explained, although in describing the operation of the instrument it will be Well for the present to consider them singly. It should be further more understood that, as a rule, when either in circuit whenever this is desirable.

respective wires.

spools is changed, as by the action of turning the driving-motor F upon its pivoted support when the end of a record or that" portion of the record contained upon the wire of one spool is reached. Means may be and preferably are provided, however, for manually includingaone or more of the cut-out magnets In specific applications of my invention where such manual switching in of the temporarily-idle magnets is unnecessary or undesirable the two opposite magnets or sets of magnets may 5 be mounted upon .a rocking lever, as shown in Fig. 7 This lever may likewise he operated either automatically or by hand, so as to alternately bring one or the other magnet or set of magnets into "operative relation to their The operation of my improved telephonograph instrument as far as described will now be understood. 'Assume that'the spools A and B are-each loaded with a blank wireupon which it is desired to impress a record consisting, say, of a series of messages arriving over a telephone from some distant transmitting station or stations. The impressing'or recording electromagnet I over the wire a is included in the local telephone receiving-circuit in the usual manner and the instrument being started in motion proceeds to impress a magnetic record of the message or messages 1 uponthe moving wire as it is being wound upon the receiving-spool A, this process continuing until the whole of the wire originally upon spool A has been transferred to spool A. In the meantime the blank wire I) has been transferred from its original spool B to the spool B. When this double transfer has taken place, the motor F, with its friction wheels or pinions ff, changes its position, (by means of one of several agencies that 'I may employ for this purpose, as hereinaf ter described,) so that said friction wheels or pinions ff disengage themselves from the wheels or gears f f of spools A and B and are brought into engagement with the opposite wheels or gears f f of the emptied spools A'and B, which now become receiving-spools in their turn and draw the wires a and Z) upon them from the spools A and B, respectively, said wires now traveling in an opposite or reverse direction from that indicated by the arrows. The change in position of the motor F has at the same time caused the magnet I over the wire a to be cut out from and the corresponding magnet I over the wire bto be cut into the telephone receiving-circuit, so

7 BESTAVAILABLE COP that now the wire Z; is being impressed with the transmitted messages, while the wire (I is being idly wound back upon its original containingspool A. This process continues until wire 6, whichinay thus be regarded as a continuation of wire a, has been fully impressed, whereupon the parts will again have assumed their original position, with the difference that the wires upon both spools are now charged. I .If it be now desired to reproduce the record thus impressed upon thewires, the reproducing-clectromagnet R, located over the wire a, is cut intocircuit with asuitable local telephone or is included in a telephonic transmission-circuit if the record is to be transmitted to one or more distant points or stations inthe usual manner or in one of several ways heretofore invented by me, which need not here be described, since these form,no part of my present invention. The circuit of the reproducingmagnet R of wire a having been closed, the motor F isstarted, and the wirea is thereby, woundupon spool 'A, traveling. once morejn the direction of the arrow. The

record previouslyimpressed upon. the wire is now rendered audible bythe telephone ortelephones that are included in circuit withthereproducing magnet, and the messages im;

pressed on the .wire are thus successively re produced in proper order precisely-the same as they were .originally recorded. -When wire a has been fully wound on spool A, the motor'F is again shifted, as before, causing wire vb, which has in the meantime been again wound upon its receiving-spool, to move from "spool B to spool B and to thus reproduce its half of the record by means of the reprodu'c ing-magnet R over the wire 6,.whichhas succeeded or taken the place of .the first-mentioned reproducing-magnet in the telephonecircuit. Now it will be evidentv that by the time the last half of the total record, that on wire 6, has been fully. reproduced the first half of the record, that on wire a, will have been returned to its starting position or,.in other words, 'will have reset itself. The instrument is therefore once more in a position to immediately and without a moments delay go through the operation of repeating its record and if left to itself would continue to do so indefinitely. It will. be clear, therefore, that in the operation of my improved telepho'nograph, as hereinbefore stated, no time,

is lost in rewindingror resetting the instru: ment, that it is always ready to receive or reproduce a message or messages, and that record-wires of any desired length may be used thereon .without the disadvantages inherent in all previous apparatus of this type hitherto immediately reproduced by R, either locally If only one or at a distant point, as desired. reproduction of the messages or other record is required, the circuit of magnet E is also closed, so that the record is eliminated or expunged from the wireimmediately after its reproduction, as has been the practice here-v tofore, leaving-the wire vfree to receive other records. It is frequently desirable, however, to wipe out a portion of the contained record without interfering with another or later portion and to do this, if possible, without subs jecting either the operator or auditors to the time-consuming practice and incidental delays and other objections arisingfrom the necessity .of retracingor rewinding the wire or of leaving blanks therein as a result:of such i elimination that cannotbe immediately or satisfactorily filled..,'By.my invention I am enabled to readily accomplish this result, since by means of. my duplex-wire instruments I am given immediate access for this purpose to'practically one-half of the total length of the record wire instead of to only a few nchesiofexposed w1re,.as was the case prior to my invention-g I am furthermore en-y ,abledby my invention to simultaneously impress'" a messageonf'onegwire while the other is reproducing a different message previously impressed thereon and to. accomplish other novel results of greater or less importance.

Inother words, suppose it is desired to elimi: mate-the record or part of the record contained on 'wire a of Fig; 1 while wire 6 is reproducing or rendering its record. All that is necessary is to manually close the circuit of the eliminating-magnet on that side (a) for the necessary space of time and at the point where the desired erasure is to be made. If the en-' tirerecord on wire a is to be expunged, such as might be the case if the wire were required for. the reception ofnew impressions, the old record can be eliminated and. the wire simultaneously charged with such newimpressions without reversing or stopping the instrument or in any wayv interferingwith the rendition of the record on wire 6. By reference to Fig.

9 it will be seen that'the order of arrangement of the magnets IR E with respect to the normal direction of travel of the respective wires is such that as the wire a, for example, travels forward in the direction of the arrow any given pointthereon. first passes ,under the impress. ing, then under the reproducing, and finally under the eliminating magnets. When the wire travels backward, however, it approaches the eliminating-magnet before the impressing magnet, so that the results just recited become practicablethat is to say, the old record is expunged from and a new one impressed .on one wire while the other is reproducing-or re-- peating its record. Although .such new or filled-in record is impressed under the conditions just named in a direction opposite from the normal, this makes no material difference in the operation of the instrument, provided the record on the second wire is also expunged after its reproduction in order that the direction of the new record to be'impressed on both wires as a whole will be uniform when sub: sequently reproduced by the instrument. Should it he desired to frequently use the instrument in this manner, a supplemental reproducing-magnet K may be placed in front of the impressing-magnet I at both sides of the instrument, so as to permit of simultaneous recording and reproduction when the normal direction of travel of the wires is reversed, as just described. 1

When the driving arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is employed by me, theposition of the already stated, both wires are passed over guiding-rolls g g g 9, (see Fig. 9,);which raise them to the same level and maintain them at a fixed distance from and parallel with each other. 1 am, however, by no means restricted to this method of driving nor to the'diagonal. disposition of the containing and receiving. spools on opposite shafts, as shown, nor am I limited to the use of only two pairs or sets of such spools. I may be permitted, therefore, before proceeding to a description of the re- .main-ing figures to dwell a little further upon these features of my present invention and to explain the arrangement and advantages of the same in the light of what has already been said when applied to that class of apparatus which I have termed telephonographs or telephonographophones.

Under ordinary circumstances when my instruments are used for the reception, recording, and reproduction of signals, messages, or other intelligence from a distance-that is to say, when employed as a telephonographophoneit is not necessary thatthe spools or the wire contained on the same should be removable, since such records are usually of a transient character and are expunged or obliterated after a certain interval to make room for later messages. In such cases, however, it is desirable to provide a sufficiently long wire to contain the messages, stock-quotations, or other information that may be received, say, during a business-day of six hours, and, furthermore, to permit of ready access to or permit of the occasional reproduction of the messages or quotations that may have been received during any specified time or hour. It will be apparent that for obvious reasons this cannot be accomplished with the ordinary type of long-wire telegraphones heretofore employed. To accomplish this result in accordance with the principles of my invention hereinbefore set forth, I make use of an apparatus substantially similar to that shown inwas. TAVAILABLE 0GP Fig. 1, except that the containing-spools are mounted on one shaft and the receiving-spools on the other. Moreover, I employ any desired number of pairs or sets of such spools, all the containing-s pools being on one shaft and all the receiving-spools on. the other. A suitable driving-motor is provided, the transmitting gear of which is so arranged as to drive first one and then the other shaft, so that the direction of travel of the severalwires (which in this arrangement have the advantage of all running parallel and in the same plane with one another) is .alternately reversed, as already described.

The severalsets ofspools when more than one set is employed may all be permanently secured to their respective shafts, so as .to simultaneously revolve therewith, or, if desired, they may be loosely mounted thereon in pairs, so that each pair is capable of being brought into action successively by means of a suitable shifting device operated by the reversing-gear in any well-known or desirable manner. The objects in view are, however, attained in a more simple and in some respects a more desirable manner by means of an lnstrument of the former type, in which the series of spools are rigidly secured to their respective shafts and revolve simultaneously,

and I Will therefore limit the further descrip tion of the apparatus to an instrument of this yp Let us assume that the instrument is provided with two shafts, such as cand d in Fig. l, of suflicient length to contain six (6) sets of spools, the four spools shown in Fig. 1 being considered one set. Shaft 0 will then carry twelve (12) containing-spools and shaft (Z twelve (12) receiving-spools. The two driving-gears may be located either at the center or at one end of their respective shafts, which latter are journaled at or near their ends in suitable bearings. The twelve wires are carried over suitable guiding rolls or grooves formed in the transverse sliding framealready described, which is mounted on a fixed frame extending below the wires across the entire width of the instrument. The electromagnets employedby me with an instrument of this description vary somewhat according to the particular uses to which it is to'be put. Preferably, however, I provide a principal set of electromagnets comprising two rows, such as shown in Fig. 9, each row consisting of an impressing, reproducing, and eliminating magnet, the order of arrangement of thee and Z) rows being reversed. In addition to these 1 provide an auxiliary set of twelve (12) reproducing-magnets, one for each wire. The principal and auxiliary magnets are independently mounted upon the sliding guide-frame, so as to partake of its toand-fro feeding motion, and thus maintain their position of alinement over their respective wires. The auxiliary magnets in other :strument.

\ I 773,985 BEST AVAILABLE -7 respects are stationary; but the'twin row or set of principal magnets; which aretogetlier mounted upon a supplemental sliding sup-- port, are capable'of traversing the entirewidth of the carriage and are so arranged as to be automatically moved across the same by astep-by-step motion in such a manner as to be brought in succession over each pair of the six sets of wires as the same are successively impressed. The length of wireon each of the twelve containingrspools is substantially the same, the total length of wire on the machine being thus divided into twelve equal parts. In order to permit of slight dif-. ferences in length of the various wires, due to unequal expansion or other cause, as 'well as to relieve the wires ofiundue strain and possible danger of breaking when the instrument is started in motion or reversed in direction, I pass each wire in the form of a loop Over a suitable compensating pulley or pul-' leys, as indicated at gig in Fig. 9, these pulleys being'adapted to yield to slight inequali-- ties in tension of the wires and to takewup any slack'atthe time .of the commencement ofthe winding and rewinding operations. I It may be here stated,- however,l that .inithis: type of my apparatus-it is-notnecessary that the spools shall be entirely unwound, as it is perfectly feasible, as will hereinafter appear,

to leave a'few turns or any desired number of layers of wire on each spool without interfering with the proper reversals of the in The operation of this enlarged type of my improved telephonograph or telephonographophone will now. be readilyapparent from what has been previously said with reference to the single-unit or duplex type represented in part by Fig. 1. and need not, therefore, be described at length, It will suffice to say that when the instrumentis started and continued'in operation the pri mary impressing-magneton the first one wire will record its messages or message thereon, the corresponding magnet on the second or 6 wire being idle. Asthe first wire is be ing wrapped upon its receiving-spool during the process of receiving its charge all the other wires are being similarlyfand for the time being idly) wound upon their respective receivingspools. During the reverse travel or rewinding-ofzthe firstwireits record is continued on the second wire by the second ary impressing-magnet of the principal set,

the primary impressing-magnet being then cut out. The first wire, as well as thesec- 0nd and all the remaining wires, are at the end of this operation restored 'to their contaming-spools. tion causes the carriage that supports the principal magnets to be shifted one double step, so that the primary magnet (active) is over the third wire and the secondary magnet (inactive) over the fourth wire of the series, and this recording process is repeated until the The next reversal of direc-" tations in the shape of magnetic waves or charges impressed upon the wire or wires this intelligencermay not only be Immediately translated upon its receipt into audible form means of the reproducing-magnets of the principal set for the information orbenefit-of customers and others who are present at the time, but the whole of the previously-recorded intelligence or any desired portion or section thereof can be atonce referred to and is independently accessible for immediate IBPIO': duction for purposes of comparison or for the benefit of late comers who may have missed the original announcement. In other words,

notwithstanding the great total length of the a IGCOIdrWiIB or magnetic tape that is needed =forthi's kirid "of. service and which by my invent-ion as exemplified in the particular type --of. my apparatus now under' consideration, the

information recorded thereon. is at all times accessible for purposes of reference, comparison, or repetition at any one or more of twelve separate and substantially equidistant points or. subdivisions, each of which is readily dis- I00 tinguishable from the other, not only in point of time or precedence, but also for certain classes of work in the nature or character of the recorded information, and accordingly permits of prompt and ready reference to such 5 information in a manner and with a facility analogous to or even exceeding that afforded in consulting the various subdivisions, chapters, or pages of a printed book. It thus be comes possible, for instance, without stopping or in any wise interfering with the regular operation of the instrument in its work of recording and reproducing new or additional matter, to cause it to simultaneously and inw dependently repeat'or reproduce. any desired 5 portion or several distinct portions of the previous record for the benefitof oneor more individualsa All of this, it will be evident, can

be easily accomplished by the simple expedient of closing the circuit of, and thereby cut- I 20 ting into'circuit with, a telephone receiver or receivers any one or more of the twelve auxiliary reproducing-magnets, six of the wires of whichare constantly running in the proper direction for reproducing their respective por- I 5 tions of the record.

When my apparatus is used for recording a and reporting stock or market quotations, as

above cited, the spools may be. conveniently divided, so that each pair will hold suflicient 3 wire to (-ontain the record of a separate hour or other convenient time unit of a regular business day, so that the transactions pertaining to any given portion of the session may with certainty be referred to within the limit of even a fractional part of such time unit by closing the circuit of the proper auxiliary or reproducing magnet at any time or time multiple when the series of spools as they revolve together are approximately in the position occupied by them when the desired transactions were originally recorded To illustrate: Let it be assumed that the daily session during which such market reports are received occupies a period of five hours, extending from ten a. m. to three p. m., and that an additional hour, from three to four p. m., is to be devoted to the recording of news of a miscellaneous character. The apparatus, we will assume, is therefore provided with six pairs or twelve containing-spools, each spool carrying a length of wire that, with the machine running at a uniform speed, will record the transactions received during a time unit of half an hour. It will be evident that while one division of the apparatus is recording quotations received by it from a distant transmitting-station at, say, 2.15 oclock p. m. the other spools or subdivisions are in position to present for immediate available reproduction the transactions recorded at 10. 15,

11.15, 12.15, and 1.15 oclock, respectively,

any one or all of which may be rendered audible by closing the circuit of the-corresponding auxiliary reproducing-magnet.

Similarly, if reference to a sale or series of sales recorded at 11.25 oclock is desired it is only necessary for the customer at 2.25 oclock to press the listening-key of the telephone-re- -'4o ceiver that is in connection with the 11- oclock division of the apparatus in order to have the transaction repeated to him. With a little practice it is unnecessary to consult a clock for this purpose, since the amount of wire laid on or taken off the series of spools will visually indicate to an observer with a fair degree of accuracy the subdivision of the hour or other time unit represented at any given moment by the appearance of the several sets of spools, although I may employ a special indicating device for this purpose where greater accuracy is desirable.

Under existing methods of recording stock and market quotations and news items orsimilar intelligence the record is usually printed upon a continuous roll of paper tape, which generally becomes unwound into a tangled mass and must be carefully and laboriously passed through the fingers in order to ascertain the nature of the information contained thereon, and from the manner in which'the tape has been fed out by the ticker references to transactions or information recorded earlier in the day are not only diflicult to locate and find, but the act of looking for BEST AVAILABLE cop them usually involves reading the transactions backwardly or in a reverse direction from the order in which :they were received. Furthermore, the tape when once impressed cannot be again used for new matter and must be thrown away when the business for the day is over. It will be obvious from what has been said that by means of the apparatus just described, which forms but one of a number of applications of my invention, these difficulties are overcome and avoided and that the same record-wires may be used repeatedly day after day, and therefore do away with the expense and trouble of feeding the recording apparatus with new record-carrying material, since the record impressed upon the wires is .expunged either at the end of the days business or concurrently with the beginning of business on the following day, as may be preferred, by the action of the eliminating magnet or magnets provided for this purpose. Moreover, this apparatus has the advantage of producing an intelligible audible record, thereby avoiding the strain upon the eyes that results from reading a printed-slip the characters of which are oftentimes poorly impressed and are of necessity greatly abbreviated or in the form of arbitrary symbols that are intelligible only to an experienced observer and are decipher-able even then with more or less difficulty.

By further subdivision of the record-wire in the manner described any desired increase in total capacity or any desired reduction in the length of wire in each reference-division may be easily obtained. It is not essential that the principalset or group of impressing, reproducing, and eliminating magnets shall be duplexed, as above described, since it will be evident that a single row of such magnets, such as shown in Fig. 9, if moved from one wire to the next by a single step-by-step action will accomplish the same purpose in view of the fact that in the type of apparatus now under consideration each Wire is already provided with its individual auxiliary reproducing-magnet. It will, moreover, be understood that if the apparatus is to be employed for simultaneously recording telephonic or other intelligence transmitted to it from a number of separate circuits or sources of information the same may be readily accom-- plished by providing it with two or more impressing-electromagnets, the number of which that may be effectively used being limited only by the number of double sections (six in the present instance) 'into which the total length of wire is divided.

Referring now to Figs. 4, 5, and 6, a somewhat different method as well as arrangement of apparatus from that just described is disclosed. I have hereinbefore stated that from a consideration of the underlying principles of my invention it will be clear that its objects may be carried out equally well whether the two wires themselves run in opposite directions or whether the two wires run in the same direction, but have their respective records oppositely impressed thereon. I further stated that accordingly I can place my entire record-wire on a single containing-spool, this not only simplifying the construction of the apparatus, but being partlcularly advantageous in the case of magnetic phonograph instruments that are designed to be used with portable or interchangeable records. The figures of the drawings now referred; to will make this arrangement clear.

In the diagram Fig. 4:, H is a reel or spool containing a blank steel wire it, which in the act of being unwound therefrom is drawn over the pole-piece or pole-pieces of an impressing-electromagnet I,-that is included .in circuit with any suitable telephone-transmitter which is set into vibration by speech,,vo'-

cal sounds, musical selections, or any other desired succession of sound-waves or other impulses that areto be permanently recorded upon the winch, The successive portions of the record thus impressed or the sound-waves or magnetic charges constituting the same are for clearness designated on the wire by the numerals. l 2,3, iii- -I W e t p p rl ngt 0 .wi. o. any compl 0rd has been impressed,"-it-,iscutcff from the reel Hand bentor doubled uponitself at its center, as at the point ma'rked 5. Aswill be seen from Figs, 5; and 6,, this bent portion of the wire i is thensecured to a containing: spool C, that is provided-with a radially-slotted centrally disposed diaphragm .c", that serves to partition the spool off into two equal portions, upon which the two lengthsof the wire are respectively wound in the same .di-j rection. From thiscontaining-spool the two ends of the wire are together led through or over the proper guide rolls or grooves onto the two halves of the receiving-spool D, provided with a similar separating-diaphragm d"; The receiving-spool D is in practice prefer.- ably provided with suitable clamps or receiving-studs adapted to promptly engage the loose ends of the wire it, or these loose ends may be joined and slipped over the slotted diaphragm d prior to being wound upon the receivingspool. Tosecure evenness in the layers and in feeding the wire, the hubs of the two spools are provided with a shallow groove extending along one-half of each spool from its interlsection with the radial slot in the diaphragms c d to theinner surfaces of the upper or outer heads 0' d of the containing and receiving spools C D, respectively, the construction of the slotted and outer heads being such as to direct and hold the looped portion of the wire in proper place, andthereby secure a perfectly clear feeding-space for the wire the moment the looped end or ends thereof are slipped into position. -I am thus enabled, particularly whenthe spools are to be used for graphoph'onic or reproduction work-exclusively, to secure a greater degree of flexibility and simplicity in handling thcapparatus, since only the containing-spool that carries the record ,need bemade. portable or interchangeable, the receiving-spool remaining permanentlyin the instrument.

Referring now once more to Fig. 5, it will be seen that the records on the, two halves it k" of wire it now run in opposite. directions.

Assuming that the two halves of the wire are being wound upon the two sections of the receiving-spool D and that they be bridged, re- 7 spectively, by the reproducing-magnets R R,

1 mounted upon the rock-shaft 1*,(shownin Fig. ;7,) then magnet R will be in operative proximity to branch wire it, while magnet R" is out of contact or-at a distance from branch wire 12/, both magnets in this case being permanently connected in circuit with a telephone common to both. Underthese circumstances wire h', the magnetic record on which travels in a forward direction-that is, from 1 to -5 will cause the audible reproduction -of its record in .the telephone, while wire l1," whose record is travelingbackwardthat is to ,say,}from 9? to 5-'will be tempo: rarilyidle or inactive. When spool D is filled, "the automatic rev'ersingswitch, (oneor. two

formsof which will be hereinafter described,) is; brought into action, causing the reversal of the direction of motion of, bothspools O and D and at-the same time moving theshiftingrod 1" sodas to bring magnet R into and. move magnet R. out of proximity to wires /i,"an(l h, respectively. The record impressed on wire'h is now moving backward from 5 to 1, while that on k is moving forward from f5 to 9, thus causing the latter to reproduce its portion of the recordon the telephone in continuation of that 'on wire it already rendered by it. It will thereforebe apparent that by means of this simple arrangement the record or records contained on any desired length of wire can be continuously reproduced without break inthe rendition and. without any loss of time, occasioned, by the practice formerly necessary of rewinding or resetting the instrument. 1

. Figs. l0,11, and l2illustrate one organized form of apparatus that I have devised for, the purpose of carryinginto effect the method ofrecording and reproducing just described with reference to Figs. 4, 5, and 6. Although I have shown this apparatus as a magnetic phonograph or magneto-graphophone,it will be understood that with a slight change ,in the number andarrangement of the electromagnets it can also be used as, a, phonographophone-that is tosay, anapparatusfor re cording as well as reproducing local sound- Waves, such as recitations,,vocal and instrumental selections, &c. sists of a casing or framework L, closed on the bottom, front, and ends, but preferably IIO This apparatus cona, about which thelever N moves. ion meshes with an intermediate pinion 0,

BEST AVAILABLE COP open at the top and back, Fig. 12 being a front elevation with the front part of the casing re' moved to show the interiorconstruction. The containing-spool (.3 in this and in the top view, Fig. 11, is shown at the right and the receiving-spool D at the left. The shaft 0, upon which the containing-s pool is free to revolve, is rigidly secured to the front plate of the casing. The shaft cl, on the other hand, which supports the receiving-spool, is secured to one arm of a movable bellcrank lever is in such a manner that the spool D is capable within certain limits of approaching and receding from the spool C when the machine is in operation. in the drawings, spool D is represented at its farthest position to the left away from spool C. Pivoted to the front casing at its central lower portion is a reversing or controlling switchlever N, having a triangular-shaped body por-- tion that supports and carries a number of small driving-gears. In the position shown that is to say, to the left of its central or neutral position,(indicated by the dotted line 02 03,) in which position it bears against a limitingstop sthis lever causes its driving-gears to impart motion to the receiving-spool D in the direction of the arrow in the manner about to be described, thereby causing the two branches of the impressed wire it to'wind itself thereon from the record-containing spool C. Secured to the bottom of the casing'L is adriving-motor M, Figs. 10 and 1-2, of any suitable type, such as a spring or electric motor, whose shaft is provided with a driving-pinion m, that is directly behind and in line with the pivot This pinwhich in turn imparts motion to the left-hand driving-pinion 0, which latter turns the righthand driving-pinion o in a direction opposite to its own. In the position of the lever as illustrated the left-hand driving-pinion 0 meshes with a gear-wheel P, which has its bearing on a stud p, projecting inwardly from the front wall of the casing L, this stud 19 also serving as a pivot for the bell-crank lever K. The gear-wheel P engages a pinion g, which, together with a disk or clamping-plate Q, forms part of a sleeve S, that is journaled upon the inner end of the shaft d, that supports the receiving-spool and which, as already stated, is secured to the longer arm of the bell-crank lever K. The clamping-disk Q is provided with bayonet-slots no or their equivalent, that are adapted to engage with studs in the head of the spool to lock it in position. It will thus be seen that if motion is imparted to the motor, so as to rotate the in: termediate pinion O in the direction of the arrow, the receiving-spool will be revolved,as indicated, in such a direction as to draw the wire from the containing-spool. If while the motor is thus running the lever N be moved to the right of the line :1: w as far as the limiting stop or pin 5- will permit, the left-hand As shown driving-pinion 0 will leave gear P and the right-hand driving-pinion 0 will engage with the gear P, which in turn will drive pinion g, which latter by means of a sleeve S and clamping-disk Q, and its bayonet-slots-v' '0' imparts motion to containing-spool C in a reverse direction, as-shown by the dotted arrow, so that the wire it h will be rewound upon the containing-spool CO. The right-hand gearwheel P is likewise free to revolve upon a stud 2, that is secured to the front of the casing. In order to put a slight tension upon he wire or wires h h and prevent the same from unwinding itself from the spool whose driving-gear P or P happens to be disengaged, I provide a spring friction-disk for each of said gears P P, such as shown at 10', said friction disk being clamped between a shoulder on the stud p and the casing L, and which may have its periphery slotted or divided into two or vmore spring-fingers that bear with a slight frictional pressure upon one side of the gears P P. As already stated, the friction thus imposedwilL-rwhile not interfering with the free operation of the'machine, serve to maintain a slight tension on the wire or wires h h,

and thus hold them reasonably taut when one or both of the driving-pinions 0 0' are out of contact with their respective gears P P, such as would be the case when the lever N occupies the neutral position, (indicated by the dotted line a: :a) To the controlling and reversing lever "N is pivoted a link bar it,

- which is provided with a slot is, within which a pin k on the bell-crank lever K is free to move. A spiral spring 2, secured at one end to the link bar 70, tends to normally hold the I lever N in the position shown'that is to say,

into operative engagement with the left-hand spool Dwhile a similar spring 2, attached to the upper end of the bell-crank lever K, tends to draw said lever and its shaft d, that carries the receiving-spool D, into its leftward position, as shown-that is to say, away from the spool C. A pin or stop 2', that engages with a shoulder on a pendent gravity link or catch Z, whose upper end is loosely pivoted to the shorter arm of the bell-crank lever K, serves to limit the backward sweep of the bellcrank lever under the influence of the spring 2. The lower end of the lever "N has a projecting cam n, which when the lever occupies the position shown comes into contact with the face of the pendent catch Z and holds it back from its normally vertical or forward position, but when the lever is moved to the right allows the catch Z to swing forward into the position shown in dotted outline. The lever N also has at its lowest extremity a cam 01, provided with a tooth, as shown, which is adapted to be engaged and locked by a corresponding tooth on the upper face of a pawl W, that is pivoted atw and is normally pressed upward by a spring w when the lever N is moved to the right. Secured to the bottom BEST AVAILABLE ooP of the casing L, midway between the spools C and; D,-are two inner upright frames or supports Z Z, (shown broken away in the end view, Fig. 10,) that are united at the top by a pair of transverse guide rods or ways Z Z, which, together with the frame, serve as a support for the wire-feeding mechanism and for the carriage containing the-reproducing-mag nets or translating apparatus. This feeding mechanism consists of a feed-screw Y, provided, preferably, with duplex or reverse threads that engage with suitable nuts (not.

pinionsy'f or that derive their powerfrom the gear-wheels Band. .P;

y; and i/., as well as thepinions g and 'q", are, as illustrated, all of equal diameter -or pitch. The result of this is that when the gear P,for example, is driven by the motonM, through the intervening gears m, 0, and 0', the spool D and the .feedfscrew 'y will each complete one revolution in the same-time. If; therefore, the pitch on the feed-screw thread or threads is made equalto the thick: ness of the wire it it, the turns of the wire will be evenly deposited upon the receiving-spool by the feeding mechanism. both in a to and fro direction. 1.

In applying my invention to magnetic pho .nographs in which permanent and inter- .changeablerecords are to be used, as 1n the type of apparatus under consideration, I find it desirable fol-several reasons to employ a som ewhat heavier or thicker record-wire than in the case of telephonographic apparatus such .as hereinbefore described. In other words, I have found that a thickwire if properly magnetized will hold its record for a much longer time than a thin wire and can likewise be more 'stronglyimpressed. At thesame time a very slight increase in diameter of the wire adds materially to its strength, so that the records can be more readily transported and more roughly handled without injury. On the other hand, very thin wires are more desirable for that class of apparatus in which recording, reproducing, and eliminatingmagnets areused, as hereinbefore described ,and in which the record, while perhaps of considerable length, is

usually of a more or. less transient character and in which, therefore, the spools containing the wire or wires are not ordinarily intended to beremoved from the instrument. Consequently in the type of my reproducing apparatus illustrated in Figs. 10, 11, and 12 the wires 71 it are led directly from the containing to the receiving spool without being first The pinions .yf;

passed over friction-rolls and compensating pulleys, such as shown in Fig. 9, (although these may of course be employed,) and I furthermore make use of the increase of tension on the wire when itis fully unwound, as will presently appear, as a means for automatically operating the shifting or reversing mechanism.

The operation of the instrument may now be described and will be readily understood. Assume that the instrument is idle and that it is desired to insert and reproduce a phonographic record. A containing-spool C, carrying the desired record, is. selected, slipped through the open back of the instrument, over the shaft 0, and locked in position against the carrying-disk Q by the bayonet-slots or other means provided for that purpose. The looped ends of. the wirefi It are carried over the grooved brass guidesh 5/, that form part of the carriage Y", and under the reproducingmagnetsB. .R, that are mounted upon the same; and aretherr placed in position on the receiving-spool D, as previously explained.

The controlling-lever N is then moved toward the left against the limiting-stop s, as shown, (provided it does not already occupy this position,) and the motor M is started in operation. The power of the motor is now transmitted, through gears m, 0, 0", P, and q and through the sleeve S and carrying-disk Q, to

the receiving-spool D,iwhich is thereby caused to revolve toward the left, as indicated by the arrow. At the same time the carriage-feed screw .Y iscaused to revolve by the meshing of the pinion y with the gear P. The spool (3' being out of engagement with the now idly revolving pinion 0', and therefore free to unwind except for the slight tension put upon it by the braking-disk 9', the wires /1. it are drawn'over the guides h ]z.' and under the magnets R R"" and through the feeding action'of the screw Y are gradually deposited in even layers upon the two halves ofthe spool D, as shown. While this is taking place the record carried by one halfof the wire-that passing under the magnet R- is being reproduced, the opposite magnet R' being open-.circuited, as more clearly shown in the detail view Fig. 8. This operation of opening. and closing or of alternately in-' cludingand'excluding the opposite magnets from the translating or reproducing circuit or circuits is preferably automatically accomplished by the action of the reversing-lever, as will hereinafter appear. Now when the wire has been unwound from the containing-spool C as far as it can go the continued action of the motor M will cause a tension to be placed upon the wire I), It, that still connects the two spools C and D. The effect of this tension is to immediately draw the spool D (which is mounted on the bell-crank lever K) toward the spool C. In doing this the bell-crank lever K,swinging on the pivot 19 and IIO ' half of the record is now being reprodu'cedfi BEST AVAILABLE COP assisted in part by the momentum of the loaded spool D, pushes forward the link In against the tension of the spring .2", thereby forcing the lever N, with its train of gears, against the right-hand stop 8', thus permitting the pawl W to at once engage with the tooth of the cam '21., so as to prevent itsreturn. This action has likewise served to disengage the gears 0 and y/ from the gear P and to cause the engagement of gears o and 1 with the gear P, which in turn immediately rotates the spool C in the direction of the dotted arrow and causes the rewinding of the wire it lb thereon. The extra tension on the wire having been relieved by the freeing of the gear P from its driving-pinion 0, the bell-crank lever K and its spool D are gradually drawn back to normal position under the nfluence of spring 2', the slot 70 in the-link is permitting the pin k to return freely for this purpose. During this rewinding operation the reproducingmagnet R is cut out and magnet R cut into the circuit, so that the second or remaining The lever N has an adjustable stop N, that may be manually set so as to come into engagement with the casing at its central point, as at m, (as well as at. other points,) and thus to cause the stopping of the instrument when the record has'been completely rendered. If,

- however, it is desired to repeat a record one or more times, the stop N is not set, thus permitting the movements of the reversinglever N to be controlled by the instrument itself. This self-repeatingoperation is performed as follows: When the wire has been entirely rewound upon the spool (3, there will once more be a tension upon it that will draw the spool D forward. When this occurs, the pendent link Z will descend in the position shown in dotted line, so that it will engage and carry with it the projecting nose of the pawl W, that lies in its path, thereby immediately releasing the lever N, which is at once drawn back by means of spring 2 into operative engagement with spool D, as before. The cam 71/ now again projects itself against the gravity-link Z and causes its further movement to be clear of pawl W.

It will be evident from what has been said i that with this apparatus any given phonographic record or selection can be reproduced as often as desired without loss of time in rewinding or resetting and without the at tention of the operator. One advantage resulting from this is that 1 am enabled for certain classes of work, such as the reproduction of vocal selections or dance-music having a number of similar parts, to employ comparatively short and inexpensive wires, by recording said parts but once, instead of the long record-wires that would otherwise be found necessary for a complete and uninterrupted rendition. Moreover, my records are far more compact and durable than and infinitely sumany selections.

perior in clearness and quality to, the ordinary ,of the record happens to be equally distributed between, say, the last half of the first wire and the'first half of the second wire then ,by manually throwing the reversing-switch at the completion of the first rendering of the desired section it will instantly proceed to repeat itself, after doing which the record will cially when applied to coin-operated apparatus, to which it readily lends itself and for which purpose it likewise has a useful field, is that when the record has been rendered the instrument has been rewound and is thus immediately ready for a fresh start. Moreover, the records are not all limited to a given area or surface, or, in other words, restricted to a certain uniform time interval in delivery, which necessitates the undue abridgment of On the other hand, the instrument is'capable of reproducing interchangeable records varying greatly in their respective lengths and limited only by the amount of wire on the containing-spool, while at the same time the feeding mechanism is so arranged as to bring the instrument to a stop upon the completion of the selection or selections whether the record-wire be a long or short one. Still another advantage of this construction is that the record-carrying spool is self-contained, thus req uiring but a single spool that is both portable and capable of prompt insertion and removal and which at the same time fully protects the record against mechanical injury in transportation and handling.

Referring to the diagram Fig. 8 it will be seen that the reproducing-magnets R and R"" are alternately cut into the circuit containing the reproducing-telephone or other translating device, to which the wires u and u are led by the movement of the. switchhandle 7*. This switch may be mounted upon the carriage Y within the area shown by the dotted rectangle, which carriage may also, if desired, carry the reproducing-telephone and sound-magnifier. In practice, however, I prefer to connect this switch-lever with the controlling-lever N in such a manner that the movements of the latter will automatically control the same, or, preferably, the controlling-lever N may itself constitute the switchlever, as shown in Fig. 11, where the inside of the front casing L is provided with two insulated contacts, from which wires u and u" lead, one contact being at each side of the center line of the controlling-lever N. A projection or wiper u' on the handle portion of the lever N makes connection with one or the ,from the scope of my inventionI.,;I n Fig. .6,

for example, 1' have shown an arrangement 773,985 BE T AVAlLABLE cor other of said contacts when at its extreme right or left position and is out of connection with said contacts when in its central position. One of the two terminals of magnets R and R"' are joined together as in Fig. 8 and led to one terminal of the translating or reproducing device. The other terminals of R and R' are connected with u and u. re-

pending for the operation upon the increased tension placed upon the wire when the latter has reached the end of its travel, I am by no means limited to this method of reversing, as 1 may employ various other means foraccompl'ishing this result without departing in which I utilize the increase and diminution in the number of layers of wire on the receiving-spool for reversing the direction of travel of the wires or of the rotation of the spools or' motor. Referring to this figure, it

will be seen that a pivoted or resilient rod U supports at its free upper. end an adjustable threaded screw 16, having a rounded bearingsurface that is normally pressed against the wire on the receiving-spool D either by virtue of the resilience of the rod Uor by the tension of a special spring that maybe provided for this purpose, as shown. 'Twolimitingstops, which may be either fixed or movable, are adapted to make electrical contact with the rod U. These stops are respectively connected by wires a u" with the right and left hand magnets of a suitable electrically-controlled reversing switch or device, (not shown,

the other terminals of said magnets being connected through a suitablebattery with the rod .U by wire 16; The magnets that operate the rev'er'sing-switch also cut into and'out of circuit the respective reproducing-magnets corresponding to the wires u and u", or the rod U, with its contacts, may itself be so arranged as to perform this function directly through the wires 16 u", and 14"". It will be evident that when the arrangement of the device is as shown the reversing switch or device is automatically operated both when the receiving-spool D is full and when it is empty. By turning the screw a the device may be adjusted to suit records of different lengths and also to cause a reversal of motion at any desired portion or portions of a given record.

Although I have illustrated and described herein various types of instruments and apparatus that I have devised for carrying-out my improved method of recording and reproducing speech and other sounds or impulses magnetically or electromagnetically and have specifically pointed out how the same may be employed for various purposes, I desire it to i be understood thatI do not limit myself either :to the particular types or to the precise'construction of the apparatus or instru ments herein set forth or to the manner of theiruse as herein. described, since the same may, as will be evident, be widely varied or modified without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

; Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having two sets of records designed and adapted to simultaneously move 5 in opposite directions.

2. A magnetic phonograph or telephouo graph apparatus having a record divided into two portions, one portion being designed and adaptedto move in a direction opposite to that 'ofthe other g 1.

3. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having a subdivided record whose subdivisions travel in opposite directions.

4. vAmagnetic phonograph or telephono graph apparatus having a substantially continuous record-wire divided into consecutive sections or lengths, parts of the wire of each section 'being permanently exposed so as to render the several sections independently accessible for operation or reference.

5. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having a record media in the form of multiple sections or divisions de-- signed and adapted to receive portions of a record or a series of records, in combination with reproducing means arranged to be selectively brought into operative relation with any one or more of said multiple sections for the purpose of causing the reproduction of the record impressed thereon.

6. A phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having a subdivided record media whose subdivisions are designed and adapted to contain or receive records or parts of a record differing in character from one another, in combination with a separate reproducing device-for each subdivision of the record media, and means for independently bringing any one or more of said reproducing devices into operative relation with their respective subdivisions of the said record media, whereby any one or more of the records or record parts contained by the several subdivisions may be reproduced at will independently of the others and without mutual interference while the apparatus is in operation.

7. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatushaving a continuous recordwire sul.)divided into two or more alternatelyoperative sections or lengths.

8. A magnetic phonograph or tclephonograph a iiparatus having a continuously-moving record-wire subdivided into two or more alternately-operative sections or lengths.

9. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having two or more recorc each subdivision of said wire, substantially as wires moving in opposite directions.

10. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having one or more pairs of record-wires, the wires of each pair moving in opposite directions with respect to each other.

11. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having a continuous recordwire subdivided into two or more alternate or successive sections, each section being alternately operative with respect to its preceding or succeeding section.

12. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having one or more pairs of moving record-wires, one wire of a pair being in a condition of operativeness while the other is in a condition of inoperativeness.

18. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having one or more pairs of moving record-wires designed and adapted to receive or to reproduce a record or series of records, or to simultaneously receive and reproduce a record or series of records, one wire of a pair being adapted to receive one or more records or part of a record while the other is reproducing the records or parts of a record contained by it.

14:. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having aTecord-wire subdivided into sections or lengths, said apparatus being provided with an operating COll or magnet or set of operating coils or magnets for set forth.

15. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having two or more recordwires moving in opposite directions, saidapparatus being provided with an operating coil or electromagnet or set of operating coils or electromagnets for each of said wires, substantially as and for the purpose or purposes set forth.

16. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having two sets of magnetic records or impressions designed and arranged to simultaneously move in opposite directions, said apparatus being provided with an operating helix or set of helices for each set of records or impressions, one or more of the helices of one set being thrown out of operation while one or more of the helices of the other set are in operation, substantially as and for the purpose or purposes set forth.

17. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having two sets of magnetic records or impressions designed and arranged to simultaneously move in opposite directions,

BEST AVAlLABLE COP said apparatus being provided with a reproducing helix or electromagnet for each set of records or impressions and a translating device in circuit with such reproducing helices -or electromagnets, said apparatus being also provided with means for throwing out of action one of said reproducing helices or magnets when the other helix or magnet is in operation, and vice versa, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

18. A magnetic phonograph or telephonegraph-apparatus having a looped or subdivided record-wire containing two or more recordsor parts of a record running or extending in reversed directions with respect to each other, said apparatus being provided with a translating device or devices, substantially as described, designed and arranged to be alternately operated first by one and then by the other of such records or parts of a record, substantially as set forth.

19. A magnetic phonograph or telephonegraph apparatus having one or more pairs of spools or reels upon which a record wire or wires are wound and unwound, respectively, and provided with means for changing or reversing the direction of motion of the spools or reels, substantially as and for the purpose or purposes set forth. 1

20. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatushaving one or more pairs of spools or reels upon which a record wire or wires are Wound, respectively, a driving-motor for imparting motion to said spools in one direction and areversing device for automatically changing the direction of motion of said spools, substantially as and for the purpose or purposes set forth.

21. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus provided with a containing and receiving spool designed and adapted to contain and receive, respectively, one or more record-wires, a driving-motor arranged to normally impart motion to the receivingspool, and an automatic reversing device or gear for causing said motor to drive the containing-spool when the receiving-spool is filled, substantially as set forth.

22. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having containing and receiving spools for the record-wire, and means, substantially as described, for alternately driving the containing and receiving spools at approximately the same rate. of speed.

23. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having a subdivided recordwire and one or more containing and receiving spools therefor, and means, substantially as described, for imparting an approximately uniform rate of motion to each subdivision of the record-wire.

24. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having a record wire or Wires and one or more containing and receiving spools therefor, means for causing the wire BEST AV i or wires to be wound from the containing" spool or spools onto the receiving spool or spools and vice versa, and means, substantially as described,-forfeeding the wire or wires in even and uniform layers upon'the spool or spools upon which it is being wound,

substantially as set forth.

25. A magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus having a record wire or wires and one or more containing and receiving spools therefor, means for causing the wire or wires to be wound from the containing to the receiving spool or spools and vice versa, and means, substantially such as described, for compensating for variations in length and taking up the inertia of the wire or wires, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 26. In amagnetic phonograph or telephono graph apparatus of the class described, the combination, with a moving record-wire and its containing and receiving spools, of a'yielding take-up device or devices for the wire designed and arranged to put it under a slight tension, substantially as-and: for the; purposes set forth. 2 I

27. In a magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus of the class described, the combination, with the record wire or wires and its containing and receiving spools, of a laterally-movable guide-frame for the Wire or wires, said frame containing also the operating helices or magnets, substantially as described.

28. In amagnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus ofthe class described, the combination, with the record wire or wires and its containing and receiving spools, of a laterally-movable guide-frame for the wire or wires, said frame containing also the operating helices or magnets, and carrying a yielding take-up device or devices around which the record-wire is adapted to pass, substan tially as described.

29. In a magnetic phonographor telephonograph apparatus of the class described, the combination, with the record wire or wires and its containing and receiving spools, of a laterallymovable guide-frame for the wire or wires, said frame containing also the operating helices or magnets, and a to-and-fro feeding mechanism or device for impartingmotion to said guide-frame and cause it to deposit the record-wire upon the receiving spool or spools in even layers.

30. In a magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus of the class described, the combination, with the record Wire or wires, and its containing and receiving spools. and its driving mechanism. of means actuated by the deposit of the wire upon the receiving spool or spools to cause a reversal of the direction of travel of the wire or wires, substantially as set forth.

31. In a magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus of the class described, the

combination, with the record wire or wires and its containing and receiving spools, of a driving-motor revolving constantly in one direction andgearing or friction devices driven thereby and designed and adapted to impart motion to the spools alternately so as to cause the record \vireor wires to travel first in one and then in the other direction, substantially as set forth.

32. In a magnetic phonograph or-telephonograph apparatus of the class described, the combination, withthe record wire or wires and its containing and receiving spools, of asupporting shaft or shafts for said spools, driving mechanism for said shafts or for the spools supported thereon, arranged and adapted to cause the rotation of said spools first in one and then in the other direction, and means for rapidly and removably securing said spools or either of them to said shafts or to the driving mechanism. thereof, substantially as set forth.-="-- 33. In a magnetic phonograph ortelephonegraph apparatusf-the class described, the

combinationwith asuitable driving mechan ism of two substantially parallel shafts carrying several pairs or groups of spools contain ing therecord wire or wires of the apparatus,

said wires being normally passive but arranged and adapted to be brought into active operation successively when the apparatus is set in motion, substantially as set forth.

3 L. In amagnetic phonograph ortelephonograph apparatus of the class described, the

combination with a suitable driving mechanism, of-two substantially parallel shafts, carry: ing several pairs or groups of spools containing the record wire or Wires of the apparatus,

an impressing or recording electromagnet or 1ts equivalent common to all the wires and a separate reproducing-electromagnet or 1ts equivalent for each separate Wire or subdivision thereof, substantially as set forth.

3;). In a magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus of the class described, the combination, with the supporting-shaft and driving mechanism, of a record-carrying spool havingacentrally-disposed slotted diaphragm dividing it into two portions each adapted toreceive one-half of therecord-wire, substantially as set forth.

36. In amagnetic phonograph or telephono-.

graph apparatus, a portable record-carrying spool having two heads and a central separating-diaphragm dividing it into two portions each adapted to receive one-half of the recordwire, the said heads and diaphragm serving as protecting and confining guards for the record-wire, substantially as set forth.

37 In amagnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus, a portable record and carrying-spool consisting of a subdivided spool carrying or containing the two halves (or other subdivisions,) of a record-wire whose central portion is secured to the body of the spool at tim "a.

and its two halves, commencing from said central portion, wound simultaneouslyuponeither side or subdivision of the spool and having its terminals preferably joined in the form of a loop, substantially as set forth.

38. In a magnetic phonograph or telephonograph'apparatus, a portable record consisting of a subdivided wire wound upon a suitable containing spool in two simultaneously-accessible sections, one section of the wire containing or adapted toreceive a magnetic record or impression which, when the wires are unwound from the spool, runs in a reverse-direction to that contained or received by the other section, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

39. In a magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus, the combination, with a driving mechanism having a substantially uniform rate of speed, of a series of spoolsarranged to be driven thereby and each'contain ing a record-wire adapted to be impressed by j magnetic waves or lines of force that are 10- cally set up therein by the operation of a distant transmitter and representing a record translatable into audible sounds or signals comprising news items or other intelligence corresponding to that spoken into or other wise impressed upon the said transmitter, the wires contained on the several spools of the series being arranged and adapted to be impressed in successive order and each within a predetermined period of time, substantially as and for the purpose described.

40. In amagnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus, the combination of a series 773,985 BEST AVAlLABLE COP of spools or .sets' of spoolseach contain'ing a record-wire, a recording-magnet common to the several Wires and adapted .to energize or impress each of the same in succession, a-reproducing-magnetfor each of the said recordwires, and a telephone receiver or receivers adapted to be cut into circuit with the several reproducing-magnets, substantially as and for the purpose described, 7

41. In a magnetic phonograph or telephonograph apparatus, the combination of a series of spools or sets of spools rotating together upon a common shaft or shafts and each containing a separate section or subdivision of the record-Wire of said apparatus, a recording-magnet for said record-wire in circuit with or otherwise arranged to be operated by a distant telephonic transmitter for'the purpose of producing aimagnetic record upon said Wire, means for independently reproducing the record or portions thereof impressed upon the several sections or subdivisions of said wire, and means for operating the various portions-of said apparatus upon a time-unit basis, whereby reference to the information or? intelligence recorded thereby,

ELIAS E. RIES.

- Witnesses:

' WM. GOLDBURG,-

M. E. BELLf is 7

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