US773327A - Concrete-steel construction. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

P. KOHNE.

CONCRETE STEEL CONSTRUCTION.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25. 1904.

NO MODEL.

his flaw PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904. P. KIIHNE. CONCRETE STEEL CONSTRUCTION.

x0 7 v Z l .2 E O o T .muu N: x LL E 4/9 7 .l E W 7V n M m u s /fl l 4 v. I m //U//// E m 2 DJ m m D T U m h UJ mm APPLICATION FILED FEB.25. 1904.

n0 MODEL.

Nrran STATEs Patented October 25, 1994.

PAUL KUHNE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CONCRETE STEEL CONSTRUGTlON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 773,327, dated October 25, 1904. I Applieatioufiled February 25,1904. Serial No. 195,248. (No model.)

To rtZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PAUL KI'JHNE, a citizen of the United States, residing in New York, borough of Manhattan, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete-Steel Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to obtain a proper combination of steel and concrete in concrete-steel constructions and to provide means for resisting the shearing and tensile strains of individual floor-stretches of concrete flooring, concrete beams, and similar structures. The shearing strains in such structures are strains distinct from the breaking strain due to bending and commonly found near the center of the structure. They are strains tending to shear ofi the end portions of the structure at or near the points of connection with the I-beams or other supports. For the purpose of overcoming these shearing strains 1 employ special tension rods which I extend from the I-beams or other supports employed into the floor-filling across or adjacent to the lines of shear therein. suitable form of tension rod or device may be employed for the purpose.

My invention consists, further, in a special form of tension-rod whereby an improved mechanical connection with and support of the concrete is attained.

The invention consists in certain combinations of parts, which will be particularly described'hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims. I

in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram showing in plan the arrangement of the supporting-beams and tension-rods of a concrete-steel construction embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is'a side view of 'a portion of a tension-rod constructed according to my invention. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the rod on a smaller scale than Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section, on a larger scale, on line 6 8, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing in plan the arrangement of the supporting-beams and ten- Any sion-rods of a steel-concrete construction em-v bodying my invention and in which crossbeams between the main supporting beams or girders are omitted, the entire strains incident to supporting the floor-filling beingtaken up by the tension-rods. ig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section through a concrete-steel beam embodying my invention. Fig. 9 is a vertical longitudinal section through a floorpiece or independent floor-section, also embodying my invention. Fig. 10 is a perspective View showing the mode of connecting two tension-rods of my improved construction. Fig. 11 is a vertical longitudinal section through a concrete-steel beam embodying my invention and provided with stays for the shear-tension-rods and main tension-rods. Fig. 12 is a vertical transverse section on ii e 12 12, Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a vertical transversesection on line 13 13, Fig. 8; and Fig. 14 is a vertical longitudinal section through two concrete-steel beams embodying my invention and provided with an additional tension-rod.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre-.

the usual I-beam form. Between the beams are arranged the individual sections or stretches of floor-filling 1B. composed of any suitable material, such as concrete of the usual kind. Between the beams extend the main tension-rods a. At their ends these rods are supported upon the 'l-beams and thence extend beyond the same into the floor-filling of the nextstretcn. At their extended portionsthey form shear tension-rods b, which are so arranged as to cross the shear-lines of the filling, whereby they secure the filling together at these lines and support it from the K-beam. The positions of the lines of shear of the floorfilling are indicated approximately by the dotted lines d d 0Z d d. T

It is not necessary that the main tensionrods extend beyond the ll-beams. They may terminate at the I-beams. in this case they may be secured by bending the end of the rod into the form of a hook which is adapted to engage the flange of the beam. Such a con 'struction is shown in Fig. .2, in which 1) indicates a'wall adjacent the beam A and a the hook-shaped end of one of the tension-rods (1, which is hooked over the upper flange ot' the l-beam. The shear tension-rods are here in like manner connected with the beams. it is preferable. for economy of material and for obtaining a firm anchorage of both the main tension-rod and the shear tension-rod and their reciprocal support that they should be continuous, as first described.

In order to secure a more effective resistance to the strains, the shear tension-rods are arranged between the main tension-rods of the adjacent section of'iloorfilling' and preferably equidistant between the same, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to secure a uniform distribution of metal and uniform resistance to the strains along the shear-lines. The arrangement of the main tension-rods so that they extend alternately in opposite directions beyond each beam secures this rcsultin like manner at both sides of the beam.

in order to secure a form of tension-rod which will have the necessary security in concrete of even the poorer qualities sometimes employed in floor construction, the form shown in Figs. 3, t, 5, and e may be used. This rod comprises a strip or band E of any suitable metal or materialsuch, for example, as steel-which is provided with loops f, struck up out of the body of the strip, indentations formed by pressing in opposite direction the parts g adjacent the loop, and crossbars It, located in the loops and indentations and extending beyond the, sides of the stripllD. The cross-bars are slightly bent, as indica'ted in Fig. 6. They are thereby each interlocked with the strip and loops, so, to retain them in place during handling oi the rods and prior to setting of the concrete. The concrete enters the loops and indentations and the spaces between the same and the cross-bars, and thereby ailords adirect en gagement of the'band and cro -bar with the concrete at the point of connection. it is ob- Vio'us that instead oi being secured in the manner shown the crossbars it may be'sccured to the band by other means, as by riveting thereto. or the strip may be providedwith projections of any other kind not destroying the essentially llat character of the rod. When tension-rods oi the character described are employed, the cross-bars or other projections oi the same lie in horizontal position, as indicated in Fig". l, and aid directly the vertt cal support of the concrete in addition to the resistance they allord through the strip E to horizontal strains in the same. A further ad vantage of this term. of tension-rod is that pieces of the same may he quickly and easily connected together, thus avoiding Waste in the use of the material and facilitating the use of the same. This connection is effected by simply placing one of the pieces to be connected upon the other in such a manner that the loop and indentations oi the first piece engage the loop and indentations oi the secondpiece and then inserting in the aperture presented between the indentations of the first-andthe loop of the second piece a rod h, or preferably a special key 72 ot' elliptical cross-section, which approximately lills the space and securely locks the two pieces of rod together.

It is frequently desirable to support wide stretches of floor construction without the use of intermediatebeams between the girders, as the latter torm unsightly projections in the ceiling of the room below. For this purpose a concrete-steel construction embodying my invention. but providing a. stronger and more uniform distribution of metal than that shown in Fig. i, may be employed. Such a construction is shown in Fig. 7. in this diagram. F F F F indicate four columns,' and il F F F girders supported on and extending between the columns. G indicates a series of main tcnsion-rods extending in one direction between opposite beams 1* F and ll a series of main tension-rods extending transyersely ot' the first series between the beams F F. The main tcnsion rods thereby form a network. A series of shear tension-rods G extends into thelloordilling In oi theiioorsection between the girders F F F F, across the lines of shear of the same at each of the four sides ofthe floor-section, said shear tension-rods being preferably the extended ends of main tension-rods of adjacent lioonscctions.

For overcoming the shearing strains in con crete-steel beams or other isolated concretestee-l strncturesc'. a, structures in which it is not convenient or desirable to extend either tension-rod to connection with a beam or other supports-the secure anchorage of both rods in the beam is obtained by forming the two rods in one piece or otherwise connecting the same, the main tension-rod being" arranged at the lows of the beam and extending at its ends in upward and then in return direction toward the center oi the beam and forum ing at its extended portion across the lines of shear the shear tension-rod. This construction is shown in Figs. 8 and 13, in which ll indicates the concrete of a concretesteel beam, 5 one of the tension-rods employed, and i" 2" the shear tension-rods. Three main tension rods,'with the corresponding shear tensionrods, arc-preferably employed, as indicated in Fig. 13. .E

in a. section of isolated. flooring such as indicated in liig. 9 the construction oi? the main tension-rods and the shear tension-rods is the same as in the concrete-steel beam of Fig. 8, the proportions being; varied, however, to l suit the thickness of the iloonlilling l. When IIO in such a slab or floor-section the highest strength is required, a series of main tensionrods and shear tension-rods is arranged transversely to those extending in the direction shown in Fig-9.

In the construction of concrete-steel beams of'considerable depth it is advantageous to provide means whereby the shear tension-rods may be retained reliably in proper position in the beam and relatively to the main tension-rod during the construction of the beam. For this purpose I provide stays in. These stays consist each of a link or connecting member provided in each end with an aperture adapted to receive an end of a pin it. The stays are fitted over opposite ends of the same pin on the shear tension-rod and over opposite ends of a corresponding pin on the main tension-rod, whereby they reliably connect the two rods and retain them in proper relative position during the process of forming the beam. They also by their connection of the two rods add measurably to the strength of the beam when completed. These stays may be arranged vertically, as shown in Fig. 11, or they may be arranged at an angle to the vertical, as may be best adapted to resist the special strains which the particular beand will be called upon to Withstand. In the case of beams or independent floor-sections constructed in placeit is possible to still further increase the strength of. the beam or floorsection by the use of an auxiliary tension-rod which is preferably located at a higher level than the shear tension-rods and main tensionrods. This construction is shown in Fig. 14, in which e' indicates the main tension-rod, z" 71 the shear tension-rods, and i an auxiliary tension-rod, which extends through each of the beams I.

Having thus described my invention,I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of supporting-beams, a floor-filling between the same, main tension-rods between the beams, and shear tension-rods at the lines of shear of said floor-filling, said tension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallic strip and cross bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

2. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of two supporting-beams, a floor-filling between the beams, floor-fillings beyond the beams, and tension-rods between and extending beyond said beams and forming at their extended portions shear tension-rods in said latter floor-fillings, said tension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

3. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of supporting-beams, a floor-filling between the beams, main tension-rods between the beams, and shear tension-rods between the main tension-rods, said tension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the'edges of same.

4. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of a supporting-beam, floor-fillings, one'at each side ofthe beam, and a plurality of main tension-rods extending alternately in opposite directions beyond said beam and forming at their extended portions shear tension-rods in the respective floor-fillings, said tension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

5. In aconcrete-steel construction, the combination of a supporting-beam, a floor-filling at one side of the same, a floor-filling at the other side of the same, and a shear tensionrod for the filling in one side anchored in said filling at the other side, said tension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

6. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of a floor-filling and a tension-rod for said filling comprising a flat metallicstrip provided with loops, indentations adjacent the loops, and cross-bars in the loops and indentations and projecting laterally beyond said strip. 1

7 In a concrete-steel construction the combination of a floor-filling and aterision-rod for said filling, comprising a fiat metallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of the same, substantially as set forth.

8. In aconcrete-steel construction, the combination of a floor-filling and a tension-rod for said filling, comprising a fiat metallic strip provided with loops, and an .elliptical key adapted to be inserted through two superposed loops.

9. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of a floor-filling, a series of main tension-rods extending in said floor-filling, a sec- 0nd series of main tension-rods extending in said floor-filling transversely to the first series, and shear tension-rods at the lines of shear of said floor-filling. vv

10. In a concrete-steel construction, the com bination of four supporting-beams, a floor:

filling between the beams, floor-fillings beyond the beams, a series of main tension-rods in said floor-filling and extending beyond said beams and forming at their extended portions shear tension-rods in some of the floor-fillings beyond the beams, a series of main tensionrods arranged transversely to the first series and extending beyond said beams and forming in their extended portions shear tension rods in others of the floor-fillings beyond the beams, and main tension-rods in said outer floor-fillings extending at their end portions at the inner side of said beams and forming at their extended portions shear tension-rods in the floor-filling between said beams. 1

1 1. in a concretesteel construction, the combination of a floor-filling, a main tension-rod at the lower portion of the same, and shear tension-rods at the lines of shear of said floorfilling, and connected at their outer ends with the outer ends of the main tension-rods, said tension-rods being" composed each of a flat metallic strip and cross-bars appliedto said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges or same.

12. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of tWo floor-fillings, main tensionrods in said floor-fillings, shear tension-rods at the lines of shear of said floor-fillings, and an auxiliary tension-rod extending in both said floor-fillings, said tension rods being composed each of a flat metallic strip and cross-bars applied tosaid strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

13. A tension-rod for concrete-steel constructions comprising a fiat metallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of the same.-

1a. A tension-rod for concretesteel con- \structions comprising a liat'metallic strip and prisingeach a flat metallic strip provided with loops and a key adapted to be inserted through two superposed loops. In testimony that ii claim the foregoing as my invention 1 have signed my name in presenceof two subscribing Witnesses.

PAUL nfinite. Witnesses: I

HENRY J; SUI-IRBIER, Josnria H. Niltns.

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