US769617A

US769617A - Gun-sight.

Info

Publication number: US769617A
Application number: US16171503A
Authority: US
Inventors: Josef Kurig
Original assignee: Fried Krupp AG
Current assignee: Fried Krupp AG
Priority date: 1903-06-16
Filing date: 1903-06-16
Publication date: 1904-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 1921-09-06

Description

PATENTED- SEPT. 6, 1904.

f J. KURIG.

GUN SIGHT. l APPLICATION FILED TUNE 16, 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1l N0 MODEL..

.N ...w E

PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. KURIG. GUN SIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, 190s.

No MopnL.

PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

J. KURIG.

GUN SIGHT.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNI: 16, 1993.

esnnBTs-SHBET 3.

NO MODEL.

No. 769,617. y 'PATENTBD SEPT. 6, 1904. y J. KURIG.`

GUN SIGHT.

. APPLIU-TION FILED JUNE 16, 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4. y

N0 MODEL.

I|\\ n l l z llllllllllllllllllllllll O llllllllllllllll PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

J. KURIG. GUN SIGHT. APPLICATION FILBD'JUNB 16, 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

. N0 MODEL.

PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

" J. KURIG.

GUN SIGHT.

APPLIOATIN FILED JUNE 16, 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

N0 MODEL.

nby providing couplings through which the Patented September f6, 1904;

'UNirnn STATES APATENT OFFICE.

OSEF KURIG, OF ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FRIED. KRUPP, OFESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

GUN-SIGHT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters` Patent No. 769,617, dated September 6, 1904.

Apbiicaion nea June 16,1903. semi No. 161,715. (No moda.)

may be raised or lowered, either for loading or for fixing the firing elevation, while the line of sight remains fixed.

The object of the invention is to simplify the arrangement of such sighting attachments in such a manner that the xing of the line of sight upon the target as well as the fixing of the elevation and horizontal training of the gun-barrel are accomplished entirely through the elevating and training mechanism. This object is attained, according to this invention,

sighting attachment may be connected either with the gun-barrel (or the cradle) or with a part of the gun which in its. elevation relative to the carriage-body remains unchanged.

Two embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichi Figure l is a side elevation of one embodiment of the invention, together with those parts of a recoil-gun which come under consideration. Fig. 2 is a detail view of a part. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of parts shown in Fig. 1, some of said parts being shown in section. Fig. 4 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, of parts shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5, Fig. 4, looking from i the left. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6, l Fig. 4, looking from above. Fig. 7 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 6 excepting that the parts occupy different positions. Fig. 8 l is a section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 8` 8, Fig. 3, looking from above, the sevi eral parts, however, occupying diiferent pol sitions from those shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a vsecond embodiment of i the invention, several parts being shown in section. Fig. 10 is a top view of a part shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a section on the line 11 11, Fig. 9, looking from the right. Fig. 12 is a section on the line 12 12, Fig. 9, looking from above. Fig. 13 is a section on the line 13 13, Fig. 12, looking from the left. Fig. 14 is a rear elevation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 9, several parts being shown in section. Fig. 15 is a section on the line 15 15, Fig. 14, looking from above and on an enlarged scale. Fig. 16 is a similar section to Fig. 15,1the several parts occupying different positions. Fig. 17 is a section on the line 17 17, Fig.. 14, looking from above, the several parts occupying, however, different positions from those shown in Fig. 14. f

Referring to the embodiment ofthe invention illustrated in Figs. l to 8, inclusive, the cradle D, upon which the gun-barrel J is mounted to slide, rests, through the medium of a vertical trunnion d, in the saddle P. Between the saddle and the cradle (but not illustrated herein) is introduced the customary training mechanism through which the cradle may be swung horizontally about the trunnion d. The saddle P rests through horizontal trunnions 1J in trunnion-bearings of the carriage B and is connected to said carriage at a suitable point with the usual elevating mechanism (not shown) for accomplishing the elevation of the gun-barrel. The saddle, together with the cradle and the gun-barrel, swings upon the horizontal trunnions. The sight-post A, whose upper end carries the sight proper, (telescope or the like,) is curved in a well-known manner in an arc which is concentric with the horizontal trunnions. It has on its rear face a distance-scale a, Fig. 3, and is arranged to slide in two guide-pieces E and C, the L-'shaped guiding-grooves of which complete each other at a part of their length to a circumferentially-closed channel. (See Figs. 1, 6, and 7.)' rEhe guide-piece E, which is separately illustrated in Fig. 2, is secured onto the side wall of the cradle D through means of an arm e, terminating in a flange e3, Figs. 3 and 8, and is provided with a slot e', which is curved in an arc concentric y cured against axial movement by means of a piece C, as also between this and the plate Z of the nut L, space is provided. The handlever N points to the left and is held in this position by the spring M. Il' the hand-lever N, accompanied by an increase of tension on the spiral spring M, is turned in the direction of the hands of a clock. it will turn the screw spindle G in the same direction. If now it is assumed that the nuts K and L remain stationary, it follows that the screw-spindle G will move longitudinally in the direction of the arrow Fig. 6, and take the sight-post A with it. It', on the contrary, itis assumed that the post A remains stationary, then the nuts K and L, which, on account of their above-described arrangement are held against turning, will move in the direction opposite to the arrow m. As a matter of fact, it happens that since the frictional resistance between the post A and the guiding-pieces E C is greater than that between the nuts K and L and the guide-piece E the action is as follows: The post A remains at first stationary, so that the screw-spindle alone turns, but does not slide. Consequently the nuts K and L move in a direction opposite to the arrow rc until the plate Z of the nut L comes to rest on the guide-piece C. Between the rim c ofthe nut K and the guide-piece E there is now as much room for play as previously existed between the nut L and the guide-piece C. Since now a further movement of the nut L, abutting against the guide-piece C, and conseq uen tly, also, a further movement of the nut K in the previous direction, is not possible, the further turning of the screw-spindle G now has the effect of causing it to screw into the nuts K and L in the direction of the arrow w. In this movement the collar g of the screw-spindle takes the sight-post with it and presses it against the guiding-piece C. At the same time play takes place between the guiding-piece E and the sight-post. The lseveral parts under consideration now take the opposite position. (Shown in Fig. 7.) Since in this position of the several parts the sight is coupled with the guiding-piece C- that is, to say, with a part of the gun the height of which is unchangeable in elevation relatively to the carriage-body`it follows that by turning the elevating mechanism the guiding-piece E, fixed to the cradle, will be moved up and down relatively to the stationary sight, during which the quadrangle la' of the nut K slides in the slot e of the guidingpiece E. If the hand-lever N is released,it returns, under the action of the increased tension on the helical spring M, to the position shown in Fig. 6. The operation already described with reference to Fig. 6 now takes edge e* of the guide-piece E serves as a pointer for the scale a. The guide-piece C is provided with a slot c', formed to correspond with the slot e, which slot o', however, is open above. With its iiat under side c the guide-piece C l rests upon a fiat face f of a bracket F. The facef is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical trunnion CZ when the latter is in the position shown in Fig. l. In the under side of the guiding-piece C is an undercut groove c2, which is curved in an arc concentric to the axis of the vertical trunnion cZ. In this groove engages a correspondingly curved and undercut track f2 of the bracket F with lateral! with the horizontal trunnions p. The upper l play. The sight f post carries a coupling whose construction and operation will now be described. In the sight-post A is mounted transversely to the line of sight a rotatable spindle G, Figs. 5 to 7. The spindle G is secollar g and the threaded stop Z3 screwed into the sight-post. The spindle G extends beyond both sides of the sight-post and projects through thel slot e' of the guide-piece E and the slot c of the guide-piece C. Outside of the two guide-pieces the spindle G is provided with threads g and g2 of like pitch and direction, through each of which threads it engages a nut K or L. The nut K is provided with a rim Z3 anda squared portion v, which latter engages in the slot e of the guidepiece E. rIhe nut L is formed on the side next to the sight-post into a plate Z of approximately rectangular form, Figs. 4 to 7, whose rear edge Z2 is curved in an arc concentric to the horizontal trunnion-axis p and abuts against a correspondingly-curved guide e2 of the guide-piece E. The size of the plate Z as well as the height of the squared portion of the nut K are so determined that both parts will remain in engagement with the slot e or the track @2, even with restricted axial movement of the nuts K and L. The nut L is provided on its outer side from the sightpost A with a hollow cylindrical extension Z/, in which is located a helical spring M, surrounding the screw-spindle G. One end of this spring engages in an opening in the nut L, while the other end engages in a similar manner with a hand-lever N, which lever is mounted upon an angular portion g3 of the screw-spindle G. The spiral spring M is under tension to hold the hand-lever N, together with the spindle G, in the position shown in Figs. 4 to 6. The hand-lever N is secured against removal by means of a nut N/ on the spindle G.

In explaining the operation of the above-described coupling it will be. assumed that the l parts are to move from the position shown in Fig. 6. In this position the rim of the nut K, on the onehand, and, on the other hand, the sight-post A lies against the guide-piece E, while between the sight-post A and the guidenuts K and L first move in the opposite direction of the arrow y, Fig. 7, so that the nut K comes to rest against the guide-piece E and space remains between the guiding-piece IOO IIS

place in reverse order-that is to say, the

C and the nut L. Then the screw-spindle Gr moves in the direction of the arrow @taking with it the sight-post A, and presses the sightpost against the guide-piece E, while a space is left on the opposite side of the sight-post. The sight is now uncoupled from the guidepiece C and coupled with the guide-piece E- that is to say, a part of the cradle-and can be moved up and down, together with the gun-barrel and relatively to the guide-post C by turning the crank on the elevating mechanism. In this movement the short smooth part of the screwspindle between the threaded portion g2 and the sight-post A slides in the .slot c' of the guiding-piece C.

The action of the gunner' in setting the elevating and horizontal training is as follows: When the gunner desires to set the elevation to correspond to the distance of the target, he throws the hand-lever N from the position shown in full lines in'Fig. 1 into the position shown by dotted lines and holds it there. By this movement the sight is uncoupled from the guiding-piece'E and coupled with the guidingpiece C. By turning the crank of the elevating mechanism the upper edge e4 of the guiding-piece E, moving with the cradle or with the gun-barrel and sliding upon the sight-post, can now be adjusted to the mark on the scale a, Fig. 3, corresponding to the desired elevation. Upon releasing the hand-leverNthis hand-lever turns, as described, under the action of the spring M, back to its position of rest, and the sight-post will automatically, while being simultaneously uncoupled from the guiding-piece C, be coupled with the guiding-piece E-that is to say, with the cradle D. The sight now has the selected elevation The aiming at the target is now accomplished by the use of` the elevating and horizontal training mechanism. The sight may partake of the movement of the cradle or the gunbarrel not only vertically, being uncoupled from the guiding-piece C, but alsohorizontally, inasmuch `as with the above-described arrangement of the guiding-piece C upon the bracket F every point of the former can move freely in all directions in a plane to a certain extent. The relative positions of the parts concerned when the gun is horizontally adjusted may be observed in Fig. 8. As may readily be seen, any necessary changes in the selected elevation can be accomplished rapidly and in a simple manner by throwing the hand-lever N in the direction of the hands of a clock and turning the elevating mechanism and then releasing the hand-lever. The line lof sight remains fixed at the target during this operation.

The second embodiment of theinvention (illustrated in Figs. 9 to 17) differs from that iirst described essentially only in that the guiding-piece C is not carried by the wall of the gun-carriage, but is connected with one ofthe horizontal trunnions 10. For this purpose a cylindrical bolt Qis jointed through a bolt p2 to an oifset p' of one of the trunnions p, the bolt Q engaging the offset p by a forked end and the axis of the bolt p2 crossing the axis of the gun at right angles, Figs. 12 and 13. A two-part rod Al A2 is mounted to swing upon the bolt Q, the part Al being rigidly connected with the sight-post. With the guiding-piece C, which is constructed in the form of a plate in this embodiment, the part C' of a bar C C2 is rigidly connected. The bar C C2 is also swingingly mounted upon the bolt Q. but is prevented from moving in a vertical direction by an overlapping exten? sion r on the bearing-cover R, which engages over an upward projection c3 on the part c2 of the bar. The eyes of the bars A A2 and C O2 are secured upon the bolt against axial movement on the one side by a shoulder g on said bolt and on the other side through a nut q', secured upon the bolt. The bars A A2 and C C2 consist of two parts, which engage telescopically, Fig. 9. Between the parts A' A2 and C C2 are arranged springs A3 and C3, respectively. Neglecting the above-described variations, the second embodiment of the invention differs from the irst only in details of a structural nature, which are obvious from the drawings.` In working the elevating mechanism the bar C C2, together with the guide-piece, always retains its elevation relative to the wall of the gun-carriage, while the bar A A2, together with the sight` moves or remains at rest. In working the horizontal training mechanism the bars A A2 and C C2, being adapted 4to swing, together with the holt Q, about the IOO trunnion-bolt p2, can obviously follow the movements of the gun-barrel or the cradle. In these motions, as will be observed from comparison of Fig'. 17 with Fig. 9, the bars A A2 and C' C2, according as the gun-barrel swings to one side or the other, will be shortened .or lengthened. This shortening or lengthening will be determined automatically by the parts A' or C compressingthe springs 'A2 or C3 in the parts A2 or C2or by the outward movement of the parts A or C under the action of said springs. In other respects the manipulation and mode of operation of the second embodiment correspond with the manipulation and mode of operation of the first embodiment.

Havingthus described the invention, the following is what is claimed as new therein:

1. In combination with a gun having vertical and horizontal movements relative to the gun-mount, a sight having means for fixing it against vertical movement with the gun and for moving it vertically with the gun, at will, whereby the vertical adjustment of the sight maybe established by the elevating mechanism for the gun, and means for permitting the sight to move horizontally with the gun.

2. 'A sighting attachment for guns having vertical and horizontal movements relative to TIO relative to the gun-mount, a part partaking of' the movement of the gun, a part fixed against moving vertically with the gun, couplings operating in one direction to connect the sight with one of said parts, and in the other direction to connect the sight with the other of said parts and means for permitting the sight to move horizontally with the gun.

4. In combination with a gun-sight, a part partaking of the movement of the gun, apart fixed against moving vertically with the gun, couplings operating in one direction to connect the sight with one of said parts, and in the other direction to connect the sight with the other of said parts, the releasing of one of said couplings enforcing the engagement of the other, and vice versa.

5. In combination with'a gun-sight, a part partaking of the movement of the gun, a part fixed against moving vertically with the gun but movable horizontally, couplings operating in one direction to connect the sight with one of said parts, and in the other direction to connect the sight with the other of' said parts; a scale being provided which indicates the relative movement between the sight and the gun in order to indicate the vertical adjustment of the sight corresponding to the distance ofthe target.

6. In combination with a gun and the sight; a part partaking of' the movements which fix the angles of' elevation and lateral training of' the gun, a part which is vertically fixed with relation to the gun-mount, and means for connecting the sight at will with either of' said parts; the part which is vertically fixed relatively to the mount being movable horizontally on the latter; whereby the vertical adjustment of' the sight, as well as the vertical aiming of' the gun, are established bythe elevating mechanism of' the gun, and the horizontal aiming' of' the gun accomplished by the horizontal training mechanism may be determined by means ofl the sight.

7. In combination with a gun, asight mounted on a si ght-post, guide-pieces vertically fixed relatively to the gun and the gun-mount, respectively, and forming between them a guide for the sight-post, and the single clampingspindle movable in one direction to secure the sight-post to one ofl the guide-pieces and in another direction to secure it to the other guide-piece.

8. In combination with a gun, asight mounted on a sight-post, guid e-pieces vertically fixed relatively to the gun and the gun-mount, respectively, and forming between them a guide for the sight-post, and the single clampingveaeiv spindle movable in one direction to secure the sight-post to one of the guide-pieces and in the other direction to secure it to the other guide-piece; means being provided for indieating the relative vertical movement between the sight-post, and that one of the guide-pieces which is fixed to the gun, consisting of a scale on one of said parts and a pointer on the other of said parts.

l9. In combination with a gun, asight mounted on asight-post, guide-pieces vertically fixed relatively to the gun and the gun-mount, respectively, and forming between them a guide for the sight-post, and the clamping-spindle for securing the sight-post to either of' the guide-pieces at will; carried by the sight-post and having threads of like pitch and direction entering correspondingly-threaded parts which bind the sight-post to one guide-piece or the other,according to the direction in which the clamping-spindle is turned.

10. In combination with a gun, a sight mounted on a sight-post, guide-pieces vertically fixed relatively to the gun and the gunmount, respectively, and forming between them a guide for the sight-post, and the clamping-spindle for securing the sight-post to either of the guide-pieces at will; carried by the sightpost and having threads of' like pitch and direction entering correspondinglythreaded parts which bind the sight-post to one guidepiece or the other, according to the direction in which the clamping-spindle is turned; said clamping-spindle also having a spring tensioned to turn the spindle in the direction f'or clamping the sight-post with the verticallymoving part of the gun.

l1. In combination with a gun, vertical and horizontal trunnions, a sight, a sight post upon which the sight is mounted, guide-pieces connected respectively to the parts which are fixed and movable in changing the angular elevation of' the gun, means for clamping the sight-post to either of' said guide-pieces at will, and means permitting the guide on the fixed part to partake of the horizontal training movements of the gun, and also permitting it to have a limited movement toward and from the horizontal trunnions.

12. In combination with a gun, vertical and horizontal trunnions, a sight, a sight-post upon which the sightis mounted,guidepieces connected respectively to the parts which are fixed and movable in changing the angular elevation of' the gun, means for clamping the sight-post to either of' said guide-pieces at will, and means permitting the guide-piece on the fixed part to partake of the horizontal training movements of' the gun, and also permitting it to have alimited movement toward and from the horizontal trunnions, consisting of' an arm jointed to one of the horizontal trunnions with freedom of lateral swinging movement and constructed of' telescopic parts.

13. In combination with a gun and an in- IOO IIO

dependent sight therefor; a post upon which said sight is mounted, guide-pieces vertically fixed relatively to the gun and its mount, respectively, and formingbetween them a guide for the sight-post,v a clamping-spindle rotatable but fixed against axial movement in the sight-post, and projecting beyond the latter into the respective guide-pieces, and having'.

on its ends threads of like pitch and direction entering similarly-threaded parts, whereby the sight-post is clamped to either of the guide-pieces at Willvby turning the spindle in the appropriate direction.

14. In combination with a gun having vertical and horizontal movements relative to the