US769387A - Gas-burner for heating. - Google Patents

Description

ESIB No. 769,387. PATENTED SEPT. e, 1904. L. KAHN & M. LONGPELLOW. GAS BURNER FOR HEATING.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.15, 1904.

NO MODEL.

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mini Witnesses: Inventors M S- \rn W W 1 8 Attorney closely as possible LAZARD KAI-IN ASSIGNORS TO AND MARTIN LONeFELLOw, OF HAMILTON, OHIO, F. a L. KAHN & Enos, OF HAMILTON, OHIO.

GAS-BURNER FOR HEATING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,387, dated September 6, 1904. Application filed February 15, 1904. Serial No. 193,54 (No model.)

"To all whom, it 7nay concern:

Be it known that WB,'LAZARD KAHN and MAR'riN LONGFELLOW, citizens of the United States, residing at Hamilton, Butler county,

Ohio, (post-office address Hamilton, Ohio,)

' have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners for Heating, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relating to improvements in gas-burners to be employed for heating will be readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan of a burner exemplifying our invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation thereof, and Fig. 3 a vertical diametrical section of the burner.

In gas-burners to be employed for heating purposesas, for instance, those employed on gas cookingstoves-the action of the burners under the imposed conditions brings about certain very serious difliculties. It is found in practice that a reasonably satisfactory realization of the heating power of the gas in such burners requires that the surface to be heated shall be as close as possible to the heatingflames. For instance, if the bottom surface of a cooking vessel stands any considerable distance above the flames acting upon it there will be a very great waste of the heat produced, due to its diversion and escape by drafts and otherwise. For the highest economy the bottom of the vessel must be kept down as to the flames; but unfortunately it is found that when the bottom of the vessel approaches too closely to the top of the burner combustion is very much interfered with. Burners of this class as heretofore constructed have essentially involved a sacrifice in one of the two directions-that is to say, there must be a sacrifice of the perfection of the combustion of the gas by reason of the vessel and the flames being too close together, or, alternatively, there must beasacrifice in the utilization of the heat of the flames by reason of the vessel being too far from the flames. Our invention aims at a substantial improvement in results under the above-mentioned conditions, and our construction results I ferred to; 10, the i in a burner giving more satisfactory combustion and more perfect utilization of the heat due to combustion than other burners of this class of which we have knowledge. Again, in gas-burners as-used about cooking-stoves and analogous situations the cleaning of the burner is very important. Burners formed of jointless cored castings have their interiors practically inaccessible for any purpose. About the same thing may be said regarding burners formed of separable pieces joined by bolts and cement. Burners formed of separate pieces joining by mere gravity contact theoretically yield per-feet conditions as to accessibility of the interior of the burner; but practice has developed the fact that the warpage of parts under the influence of heat destroys the effectiveness of the joints, resulting sometimes in leakage and sometimes in a serious binding of the part and sometimes both. Our'invention aims at a remedy for these troubles, and by means of our construction we provide a burner formed of separable pieces joined withoutbolts or cement and maintaining substantial per fection of juncture and separation under all practical conditions.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates the base of the burner, which is in the form of an annular trough, the exemplifying-burner being circular in plan; 2, the circular top section of the burner resting upon the base; 3, the gas-inlet; i, an opening extending vertically through the center of the burner for the supply of air of combustion at that point; 5, a flange base at some distance downward from the top of that wall; 6, adownwardly-projecting flange of the top section encircling the upper portion of the outer wall of the base and resting upon the flange 5; 7, a true metal-tO-rnetal joint formed where the foot of flange 6 rests upon flange 5, the accuracy and intimacy of this juncture being secured by grinding the parts together to form a ground joint; 8, a flange projecting inwardly from-the inner wall of the base at the central opening through the burner and at some distance downwardly from the top of that wall; 9, the inner wall just reuer wall of the top secprojecting outwardly from the outer wall of the tion of the burner extending d(f\VHW:tl'Cll Y within wall 9 and resting upon flange 8; ll, a ground joint formed between the parts where wall 10 rests on flange 8; 12, deep depressions formed in the top section and leading from the central opening 12 to the outer extremity of the burner, these depressions being of as liberal width as is consistent with the presence of ribs between them of sufficient width to receive the gas-ajutages; 13, a series of ajutages extending down vertically through the ridges in the top section and forming the main gas-ajutages, and 14 gas-ajutages disposed diagonally at the inner ends of the ribs of the top section, these ajutages converging upwardly.

The gas or mixture of gas and air jets upwardly through adjutages 13 and burns, as usual, the resulting flames forming the main flames of the burner. Inclined flames burning at the ajutages 14: secure the maintenance of good action of the main flames under conditions where otherwise the main flames would misbehave. For instance, in demonstration we suppress ajutages 1& by plugging them, and we place above the burner a plate of mica, permitting the action of the main flames to be observed. When the mica plate is a certain distance above the burner, the main flames maintain their individuality and burn nicely; but when this results it is found that the mica plate is at too great a distance above the burner for maximum practical fuel economy. When the mica plate is moved as close to the burner as cooking vessels should be for maximum fuel economy, then the previously good flames waver and float, losing their efliciency thereby, and the inner ones and sometimes all of them expire. \Ve then remove the plugs, so to throw the ajutages 14 into action, and flnd not only that the main flames are restored to their original perfection of burning, but that the mica plate can be moved very considerably closer to the burner than was the case when the main flames before refused to perform satisfactorily. The mica plate referred to simply represents the bottom surface of a vessel, and by means of our improvement we find we are able to maintain a superior and constant action of the flames when the surface being heated is so close to the burner as to absorb the heat of the flames to a degree not heretofore attainable so far as we know.

ses i AYAlLABLE pee 'lhe ridges formed between th 12 give to the burner the general aspect of the well-known star-shaped burner, and we have found that our arrangement of upwardlyconverging inner ajutages similarly adds efficiency to the regular star-shaped burners and others of substantially similar type. The top section sets loosely upon the base, the peripheral joints being entirely free, leakage being prevented by the horizontal ground joints T and 11. With such joints in the usual construction of burners their utility is soon destroyed by warpage, and the same warpage tends to so bind the parts at the peripheral fitting that the merit of ready separability is lost. In our construction the effects of the heat in the metal of the burner are so distributed as to be quite free from the evil effects previously mentioned.

\Ve claim as our invention 1. A hollow gas-burner having a gas'inlet leading to its interior and having an air-opening extending vertically through it, said burner being provided with a series of vertical openings for the exit of gas, and provided in the upper portion of the central opening with gas-ajutages converging upwardly, substan tially as and for the purpose setforth.

2. A hollow gas-burner having a gas-inlet leading to its interior and having an air-opening extending vertically through it, said burner being provided with a circumferential series of separated ridges extending from the central opening outwardly, each ridge having a vertical opening for the exit of gas and at its inner upper end an ajutage inclining upwardly and toward the axis of the burner, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A hollow gas-burner having a gas-inlet leading to its interior and having an air-opening extending vertically through it, said burner being provided with a circumferential series of vertically-upward-jetting gas-ajutages separated circumferentially from each other to permit access of air between them, and provided in the upper portion of the central opening with gas-ajutages converging upwardly, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

LAZARD KAHN. MARTIN LONGFELLOVV.

\Vitnesses:

THOS. C. RATCLIFF, E. H. Gars'r.

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