US767990A - Space telegraphy. - Google Patents

Description

No. 767,990. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904.

s. STONE. I SPACE TELEGRAPHY..

APPLIUATION FILED DEC. 19. 1903.

N0 MODEL.

by ail/WE UNITEDd-S TATE S Patent ed August 16, 1904.

PATENT OF IC JOHN STONE STONE, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO WVILLIAM W. SWAN, TRUSTEE, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

--$PACE TEL EGRAPHY.

I SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 767,990, dated August 16, 1904.

Original application filed November 25, 1903, Serial No. 182 5 632. Divided and this application filed December 19, 19053. Serial To call whom it may concern Beg-it known that'LJonN STONE STONE, a

. citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cambridge, in th'e county of hliddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have inventeda certain new and useful Improvement in Space,

. Telegraphy,tof .which the following a speci-;

' fication."

My invention relates to the art of transmitting intelligence ;from ohe station.- to another by means of j electromagnetic waves without the use of wires to guide the waves to their destinationiand it relates more particularly to thesystem of such transmission in which electromagnetic waves are developed by producing electric vibrations in an elevated conductor preferably vertically elevated.-

In my Letters Patent Nos. 714,756 and 714,831, dated .December 2, 1902, and in other Letters Patent I have described systems of space telegraphy in whichelectromagnetic waves substantially simple harmonic in form are transmitted by creating substantially simple harmonic vibrations or oscillations in a sonorous circuit or system of ciri cuits and impressing such vibrations or oscillations upon an elevated conductor. In order that the electric vibrations so impressed upon the elevated conductor, and consequently the electromagnetic waves radiated therefrom,

ically claimed therein one of the means whereby this result may be accomplished. The means broadly described and claimed consist in providing each circuit with sufficient auxiliary inductance to render the mutual inductance between it andan associated cir- I cuit small compared tothe square rootpf the productofthe inductance'sxof the cii'cuitss- The specific means therein claimed-was an.

auxiliary inductance-coil in eachcircuit WheIfe-J.

product of thieinductances of thetwo circuits.

.Another specific means whereby the same result is accomplished is fully set forth by,me

,in my Letters Patent Nos. 71 832 and 7,1 1,833,

dated" December 2, 1902, -wherein'j have shown that the function ofathe auxiliaryim ductance-coil may be performed byithe priby the mutual inductance-between said cir- :7 Jcuit and an associated circuit; rendered -.small compared to the square rootkof the mary of the transformer connectingithe sonorous circuit with the elevated conductor by so pro-portioning said primary that it shall supply the auxiliary inductance, which in. the other specific form of my invention was supplied by means of the auxiliary inductanc e V coil.

This is accomplished s0 designing thetransformer that the ratio L1 L2,. compared to unity, which is the opposite resorted to in the construction of the so called constant current-transformers, and it may also be accomplished .in a plurality of ways set forth in my Letters Patent Nos. 717 A67 and 717,515, in the art of wire telegraphy.

In the present specification 1 confine myself is small course from that'in general pursued in con- .structmg a step-up transformer, and is only and limit my claims to means for reducing a complex of conductively-connected circuits to the equivalent of a system of circuits each of a single degree of freedom. The circuits in this case at the transmitting-station are a sonorous circuit or closed oscillator, which is a persistently oscillating poor radiating circuit, and an'elevated transmitting-conductor or linear oscillator, which is a 'poor oscillator and good radiating-circuit. At the receivingstation the circuits are an elevated receiving conductor or linear oscillator, whic'his apoor oscillator and a good-absorbing circuit, and a closed resonant circuit, which is'a persistently-oscillating circuit, and therefore apoor absorbing-circuit, except for the energy of f tuned. The particular Incansemploy'ed for currents of the" frequency 'to which it is atreducing the aforesaid complex of conduct? ively-connected circuits to the equivalent of a system'ofcircuits each having a single de gree of freedom is a condenser or capacity "small compared with the capacity of the con denser which connects the two circuits. In my Letters Patent Nos; 717,467 and 717,515 in the art-of wire telegraphy I have described fandjclaimed this specific means of reducing a "complex of circuits to the equivalent of a syste'ln'of circuits each of afsingle degree of freedom, @The underlying principle forac- 'couipli'shin'g this .-result is in all instances that the mutual energy of each circuit with all of the interrelated circuits of, the system shall be small compared. withxthe self-energy-of saidcircuit. I r

There'lation of the specific invention herein to be'claimed't o the broad principle herein- ,before stated maybe best understood by' having reference to the drawings which accompany andform a part of the present specification. i I In the drawings, Figure 1 represents in diagram apparatus and arrangements-of circuits constituting a transmitting-system. Fig.- 2

' represents in diagram apparatus and arrangements. of circuits constituting. a recelvlng system! 1 .that ,of the' condenserfC, the oscillations in uit.

the same-asthat to which" the resonant circuit ln-the figures, V is 'anelevated conductor.

M 15' a transformer. Y L L 1 are inductances. G C C1 C" are condensers s is a spark-gap. A is an alternating-currentgenerator or other source of periodically-varying electromotive force. B is a battery. R is a relay. K isa receiver herein illustrated as a coherer. I: is akey 'Y In Fig. 1 the elevated conductor is conductively conne'ctedto a sonorous circuit 8 C C L. In order to impress a simple harmonic'electromotive force upon the elevated conductonV, e-lectrical oscillations are produced 1n thesonorous circuit. These give rise to, a corresponding difference of potential elevated-con corresponding forced-simple harmonic elec- .'tric oscillation'siresuljt therein, The capacity of the condenser'C being large compared-to the sonorous circuit are not materially affected by the association of this circuit with'the elevatedconduetor system;

ductively associated with ajres'onant circuit C L G. i l I Y cillations r'e set up in the elevated conductor,

a corresponding difference of potential is set up at the terminals of the condenser, C','and

{corresponding forced simple 'harmonic'elec.

cal vibrations result in the resonant cir- If thefrequency'of these vibrations is 1 tion, Serial 1903..

In Fig,'*;2 the elevatedfconductoris con- When simple harmonici electric osis attuned, said resonant circuit responds en ergeticall'y'and has electrical oscillations of relatively great 1 amplitude developed in it,

whereas if the frequency of these vibrations be difierent from that to which the resonant circuit is attuned the resonant circuit re-' sponds but feeblyand has electric oscillations of relatively small amplitude developed in it. The capacity'of the condenser C being great 'compared to that .of the condenser C, the oscillations in the resonant circuit are not Ina terially affected by the'association of this circuit with the elevated conductor.

' No mention has heretofore been made of the function of the condensers U", as these condensers are not essential to the tuning of the circuits. in which they are placed, but merely 'SGIV8 to shunt the relays R out of the resonant circuits. In order that these condensersmay not appreciably affect the tuningof the circuits in which they are included, and thereby lower the resonant rise of potential at the plates of the condenser C, they are so constructed as to have large capacities compared to the capacities of the condenser (J. v

No mention has heretofore been made of the function .of the condensers C and inductance coils L1, as the functions of these elements have been fully described in my applications, Serial No. 193,371 and Serial No.'193,372, filed February 13, 1904:, and as they form no essential part ofthe present invention.

Thisapplication is a division-of my applica- No. 182,632, filed November 25,

the resonant circuit with the elevated conductor, and means whereby the mutual energy of p the resonant circuit with the elevated conductor is rendered small compared to'the self-en ergy of said resonant circuit.

3. In a system of space tel'egraphy, a persistently-oscillating circuit, an elevated conductor'and, acondenser for conductivelycOnnccting the persistently-oscillating circuit with the elevated conductor, and means wherebythemutual energy of the'persistently-oscillatijng circuit-with the elevated conductor is rendered small compared to the self-energyof said pers'istently-oscillating circuits 1 4. 'Inla systemof space telegraphy, a sono-- rousicircuitl'containin'g"acondenser, an elevated transmitting-conductor connected to the terminals of said condensenand another consmall compared to the capacity-of the first Corrections in Paterit N (i."-7 6 7,990.

conductor is rendered small'compared to the 'self-nergyof said resonant ciraui j I 6. In a system of space telegraphy,; a persist? 'cntl y -oscillating circuit "containing a condenser, an elevated conductor'connectedj to the mentioned condenser-whereby the mutual ene 'g'y of the sonorous circuit with the elevated self-energy of said s'onorous circuit 5. In asystem-of space telegraphy, a res'o-' v 'nant circuit containing a condensergvan elevated receiving-conductor connected to the terminals of said condenser and another condenser in said resonant circuit of; capacity small compared to the capacity "of the fi'rst .mentionecl condenser whereby the mutual energy of the resonant circuit with} the eleyate'd conductor-is rendered small compared to the terminals of said condenser, and another con? denser in said persistently-oscillating circuit of capacity small compared .to the capacity of the first mentioned condenser whereby the mutual energy of the persistentl-yoscillating" circuit with the elevated conductor is rendered signed and sealed this 11th: day of ulyh; 1),, 1 905.

I small compared to the sclf energy of said per- Sistently-oscillating cir cui t. 7. In a system of space telegraphy, a sonorous circuit, an elevated" transmitting-conduc; tor, a condenser 'for 'condu'ctively connecting 3 the sonorous circuitwiththe elevated conductor, and means whereby the mutual energy of.

the sonorous circuit with the elevated conductor is rendered small compared to the self-energy of said sonorous circuit, in combination 35 with a resonant circuit an elevated receiving -conductor,a condenser for connecting the resonant circuitwith the elevated conductor, and

means whereby the mutual energy of the resonant circuit with the elevated conductor is rcn dered small compared to the self-energy. of said resonant circuit. o in testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 12th dayof December," 1903- V v JOHN STONE STONE. v 'Witne sses: I .Gr. ADELAI E. HIGGINS,-

ELLEN B. TOMLINSON.

It is hereby certified that n, Lders Patten-trio; 76,7590, grained Augu t 16,1904,

upon the application John- Stone Stone, of Canibridge, -Massachusetts, for an vimprovement in ""Space' Telegraphy, errors appear in printed specification. requiring correction,' follo ws :On' page 1 1 ine 76,' the quotations inc lo sing the Word constant and the hyphen betwee the Word '4 urrent and transformers u should the stricken out, and line 8 7, san ie page, a comma should be inserted after i the word oscillatin and that the said LettersdPaten t should be read with these corrections therein that the same,may conform to therecord of the case in the'Patent F. I. ALLEN,

Oo'rimziissioner of Patents.

small compared to the capacity-of the first Corrections in Paterit N (i."-7 6 7,990.

conductor is rendered small'compared to the 'self-nergyof said resonant ciraui j I 6. In a system of space telegraphy,; a persist? 'cntl y -oscillating circuit "containing a condenser, an elevated conductor'connectedj to the mentioned condenser-whereby the mutual ene 'g'y of the sonorous circuit with the elevated self-energy of said s'onorous circuit 5. In asystem-of space telegraphy, a res'o-' v 'nant circuit containing a condensergvan elevated receiving-conductor connected to the terminals of said condenser and another condenser in said resonant circuit of; capacity small compared to the capacity "of the fi'rst .mentionecl condenser whereby the mutual energy of the resonant circuit with} the eleyate'd conductor-is rendered small compared to the terminals of said condenser, and another con? denser in said persistently-oscillating circuit of capacity small compared .to the capacity of the first mentioned condenser whereby the mutual energy of the persistentl-yoscillating" circuit with the elevated conductor is rendered signed and sealed this 11th: day of ulyh; 1),, 1 905.

I small compared to the sclf energy of said per- Sistently-oscillating cir cui t. 7. In a system of space telegraphy, a sonorous circuit, an elevated" transmitting-conduc; tor, a condenser 'for 'condu'ctively connecting 3 the sonorous circuitwiththe elevated conductor, and means whereby the mutual energy of.

the sonorous circuit with the elevated conductor is rendered small compared to the self-energy of said sonorous circuit, in combination 35 with a resonant circuit an elevated receiving -conductor,a condenser for connecting the resonant circuitwith the elevated conductor, and

means whereby the mutual energy of the resonant circuit with the elevated conductor is rcn dered small compared to the self-energy. of said resonant circuit. o in testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 12th dayof December," 1903- V v JOHN STONE STONE. v 'Witne sses: I .Gr. ADELAI E. HIGGINS,-

ELLEN B. TOMLINSON.

It is hereby certified that n, Lders Patten-trio; 76,7590, grained Augu t 16,1904,

upon the application John- Stone Stone, of Canibridge, -Massachusetts, for an vimprovement in ""Space' Telegraphy, errors appear in printed specification. requiring correction,' follo ws :On' page 1 1 ine 76,' the quotations inc lo sing the Word constant and the hyphen betwee the Word '4 urrent and transformers u should the stricken out, and line 8 7, san ie page, a comma should be inserted after i the word oscillatin and that the said LettersdPaten t should be read with these corrections therein that the same,may conform to therecord of the case in the'Patent F. I. ALLEN,

Oo'rimziissioner of Patents.

Correct It is hereby certified that in, Letters Patent No. 767,990, granted August 16, 1904, upon the application of John Stone Stone, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Space Telegraphy, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction, as follows: On page 1 line 76, the quotations inclosing the word constant and the hyphen between the words current and transformers" should be stricken out, and in line 87, same page, a comma should be inserted after the word oscillating"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflloe.

Signed and sealed this 11th da of July, A. 1),, 1905.

[SEAL] F. 1. ALLEN,

Corimeissioner of Patch/s.

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