US763412A - Automatic electrical exchange. - Google Patents

Automatic electrical exchange. Download PDF

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Publication number
US763412A
US763412A US49263993A US1893492639A US763412A US 763412 A US763412 A US 763412A US 49263993 A US49263993 A US 49263993A US 1893492639 A US1893492639 A US 1893492639A US 763412 A US763412 A US 763412A
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Prior art keywords
contact
arm
plate
magnet
armature
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US49263993A
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Frank A Lundquist
John Erickson
Charles J Erickson
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GLOBE AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE Co
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GLOBE AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M5/00—Manual exchanges
    • H04M5/10—Manual exchanges using separate plug for each subscriber

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 is a plan view.
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation.
  • Fig. 3 is a rear elevation.
  • Fig. 4. is a detail, being a plan view of the circuitclosing arms, showing the way in which they are mounted and the Wire connections.
  • Fig. 5 is a detail, being a partial vertical section on line 5 5 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view on. line 6 6 of Fig: 2 looking down.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view.
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation.
  • Fig. 3 is a rear elevation.
  • Fig. 4. is a detail, being a plan view of the circuitclosing arms, showing the way in which they are mounted and the Wire connections.
  • Fig. 5 is a detail, being a partial vertical section on line 5 5 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view on. line 6 6 of Fig: 2 looking down.
  • Fig. 7 is an end elevation looking to the left in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial end elevation, being a section on line 8 8 of Fig. 2 looking to the right.
  • Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view showingthe wire connections of the exchange-switch.
  • Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic vicwshowing the arrangement of the wire connections of the exchange-SWitchboard.
  • Fig. 11 is a plan view of the switch-box which is located at substations.
  • Fig.12 is a view of the under side of the top plate of said box.
  • 3 Fig. 13 is aview of the switch-box, the upper plate being removed.
  • Fig. 1A is a side view of the switch-box looking to the right in Fig. 11, and
  • Fig. 15 is a diagrammatic view showing the connections between the switch-box and the exchange-switch at the central station which is operated by it. being a partial longitudinal vertical section of the switchboard, showing the release-magnet and
  • Fig. 17 is a partial vertical cross-section of the switchboard, showing a part of the release-magnet.
  • Fig. 18 is avertical cross-section of: the substation-switchboard on line 18 18 ofFig. 11.
  • Fig. 19 is a vertical cross-section on line 1919 of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 20 is alongitudinal' vertical section on line 20 20 of Fig.
  • Fig. 16 is a detail
  • Fig. 21 is a vertical section on line 21 21 of Figs. 1 and 4; and Fig. 22 is a detail, partly in section, showing one of the electromagnets and its armature.
  • Our invention relates to automatic electrical exchanges, and particularly to that class of automatic exchanges which are intended to be used for making automatic connections in telephone systems between different subscribers.
  • each telephone-substation is connected to an exchangeswitch located at a central station, which exchange-switch is adapted to be operated from the substation to connect the subscriber to any other telephone in the system, and our present invention is similar to others in that respect.
  • One of the objects of our present invention is to improve and simplify the construction of automatic electrical exchanges not only by improving the construction of the exchangeswitch to be used at the central station and can converse without danger of being broken in upon by others.
  • the operating parts of the exchange-switch are mounted upon a metallic base-plate 20, represented in the diagrammatic views by wire 20, which plate is of suitable shape to carry them and is in turn mounted upon a board or other suitable support 21, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • each exchange-switch is provided with a switchboard 22, which consists of two non-conducting switchboard-plates 23 24, arranged one above the other in a horizontal position and in proximity to each other, as best shown in Fig.
  • each of which plates carries a number of contact-points, the contact-points of the two plates 23 24 being arranged opposite each other on the inner surfaces of said plates.
  • each switchboard is composed of a plurality of series of contact-points, which in the construction shown are arranged in squares, there being, preferably, one hundred contact-points in each square. and a separate contact-making device is provided for each square or series of contact-points on the switchboard.
  • selective switch mechanism is provided by which the circuit may be closed through either of said contact-making devices, so that a limited movement only of the different contact-making devices is necessary in order to make connection with any contact-point on the switchboard as a whole.
  • Our improved construction broadly considered, by which we provide selective switch mechanism to determine or select which of the different contact-making devices is to be used, is one of the important features of our present invention, as it makes it practicable to provide exchange-switches suitable for systems employing a much larger number of instruments than could otherwise be acc0mmosquare are numbered, beginning at the forward left-hand corner, the first row from front to rear being from O to 9, the second row from 1O to 19, &c.
  • the second hundred contactpoints that is, those from 100 to 199are contained in the square at the rear left-hand corner of the switchboard.
  • the third hundred contact-points are in the second square from the forward left-hand corner of the switchboard, and so on, the adjacent squares being numbered in alternate hundreds.
  • each exchange-switch is connected by two wires to each of the other exchangeswitches in the system, the two wires from any one exchange-switch being connected to two opposite upper and lower contact-points, and, as will be hereinafter more fully described, means are provided whereby any subscriber can connect his instrument at will with either of said two contact-points, and thereby cut himself off from outside interruption or not, as he chooses.
  • the squares or contact-points in the forward row of the upper switchboardplate 23 are connected, to what may be called the general wires that is, the wires which do not afford exclusive connection with other exchange-switcheswhile the contact-points in the opposite lower row furnish means for securing private connection with the same exchange-switches.
  • the contact-points at the rear edge of the switchboard are oppositely arranged, the lower row of contact point squares being general and the upper private.
  • 25 indicates a carrier or traveling support in the form of a rock-shaft which extends longitudinally of the switchboard 22 and midway between the two switchboard-plates 23 24:, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 8.
  • the shaft 25 is journaled in bars 26 27, arranged at opposite ends of the switchboard 22, as shown in Fig. 4:, which bars 26 27 are supported at their ends by suitable standards 28 29 3O 31 (see Figs. 7 and 8) and are adapted to move transversely of said switchboard, thereby moving the shaft 25 backward and forward between the two switchboardplates.
  • the rock-shaft 25 carries five crossbars 32 33 34 35 36, secured midway of their length upon the shaft 25 andadapted to lie normally in a horizontal position between the switchboard-plates 23 24:.
  • the cross-bars above mentioned are further secured in place by means of a plate 37, which extends lengthwise of the shaft 25, to which it is secured, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • Each of said cross-bars carries at each end a pin 38, which pins are seen red in the respective cross-bars midway of their length and perpendicularly to said bars, so that they normally lie in a perpendicular position.
  • each cross-bar The pins 38 of each cross-bar are spaced a distance apart equal to that which separates any contact-point in one of the rows of squares from the correspondingly-situated contact-point in the other row.
  • the shaft 25 is adapted to move longitudinally of the switchboard 22 as well as transversely thereof.
  • the transverse movement of the shaft 25 is effected by means of a shaft 50, (see Fig. 7,) which is journaled in the frame of the machine and extends longitudinally of the switchboard, as shown in Fig. 2, which shaft is provided at each end with a pinion 51, which pinions are in mesh with racks 52, carried by the bars 26 27, as best shown in Figs. 5 and 20.
  • the shaft 50 is rotated by means of an electromagnet 53, marked on Fig. 9 Transverse-movement magnet, arranged at one side of the exchangeswitch upon the base-plate 20, which magnet is adapted to attract an armature 54, mounted upon a rock-shaft 55, supported by standards 56.
  • the rock-shaft also carries an arm 57, (see Fig. 1,) which projects over a ratchetwheel 58, mounted upon the adjacent end of the shaft 50, as shown inFig. 7.
  • the arm 57 carries apawl 59, which is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 58 when the magnet 53 is energized.
  • the arrangement is such that when the armature 54 is attracted by the magnet 53 it will move a sufficient distance to actuate the arm 57 sufficiently to move the ratchet-wheel 58 the space of one tooth.
  • the detent 60 indicates a detent which is pivoted upon the base plate 20 (see Fig. 17) and rising therefrom is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 58 to prevent reverse motion thereof.
  • the detent 60 is held in contact with the ratchet-wheel 58 by a suitable spring.
  • the detent 60 is provided with a horizontal arm 61, as best shown in Fig. 17. By slightly elevating the arm 61, as will be hereinafter described, the detent 60 may be thrown out of engagement with the ratchetwheel 58 to permit the return of the shaft 25 to its normal position.
  • the ratchet-wheel 58 is arranged to rotate the space of ten teeth, a suitable stop being provided to prevent any further movement of the shaft 25. If desired, however, a greater movement of the shaft could be secured, as would be necessary if the system comprised more than nine hundred and ninety-nine subscribers.
  • the shaft 25 is returned in part to its normal position (or such position that its contactpins 38 he opposite the front rows of contactpoints of the two series and at the left-hand ends of such rows) by means of a spring 62,
  • the shaft 25 is shifted longitudinally of the switchboard by means of an electromagnet 63, marked on Fig. 9 Longitudinal-movement magnet, which is adapted to attract an armature 64, carried by a rocking arm 65, pivoted upon the base-plate 20, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • a suitable spring serves to hold the armature 64 normally outof contaetwith the poles of the electromagnet 63.
  • the arm 65 carries at its upper end a pawl 66, which is adapted to engage the teeth of a rack 67, which is movable longitudinally of the exchange-switch.
  • the outer end of the rack 67 is fitted in a suitable bearing in a standard 68, as best shown in Fig.
  • a cross-bar 69 which also moves in the slots between the side pieces 48 49 of the frame 45, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 7.
  • the bar 69 is connected to the bar 46, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, so that as the rack 67 moves longitudinally of the exchange-switch the shaft 25 will be moved with it.
  • the magnet 63 When the magnet 63 is energized, the armature 64 will be attracted and the pawl 66 engaging the teeth of the rack-bar .67 will move it outward the space of one tooth.
  • the detent 70 indicates a detent which is pivoted upon a rod 71, carried by the frame 45, and extends transversely over the rack-bar 67. (See Fig. 4.)
  • the detent is adapted to engage a second series of teeth at the upper side of the rack-bar 67 to prevent the return of said rack-bar.
  • the detent 70 is moved out of engagement with the rack-bar 67 to permit the return of said rack-bar by means of an arm 72,(sec Fig. 16,) which rises from the armature 73 of an elcctromagnet 74 (see Figs. 1 and 16) and is adapted to engage a depending arm 75, secured to the forward end of the rod 71, as shown in Fig. 16.
  • the magnet 74 is marked Releasemagnet on Fig. 9.
  • the armature 73 is pivoted upon the base-plate 20 between suitable blocks 76, so that when the magnet 74 is energized the armature 73 will be moved toward it. It is held normally out of contact with the poles of the magnet 74 by means of a suitable spring.
  • the arms 72 75 are so arranged that when the armature 73 is attracted by its electromagnet the arm 72 will strike the arm 75 and rock the rod 71 sufficiently to move the detent 7 0 out of engagement with the teeth of the rack 67.
  • the rack-bar 67 will then be returned to its normal position by a spring 77, one end of which is connected to an upright 78, connected to the rack-bar 67, (see Figs.
  • a suit able spring 79 serves to hold the detent 7O normally in contact with the rack-bar 67, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 4.
  • the armature 73 is also provided with an arm 80, which projects under the arm 61 of the detent 60, as best shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the arrangement being such that when the armature 73 is attracted by the electromagnet 74 it will raise said arm 61 sufliciently to throw the detent 60 out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 58, thereby permitting the retation of said ratchet-wheel in a reverse direction.
  • the shaft 25 and the pins 38 will be moved longitudinally of the switchboard to the right until the desired row of tens is reached, when the proper number may be secured by moving the shaft 25 transversely of the switchboard by actuating the pawl 59.
  • the magnet 63 would be energized three times and the magnet 53 five times.
  • the shaft 25 and the pins 38 will be returned to their normal position.
  • ferent magnets above described may be energized at will from a substation will be hereinafter described.
  • a non-conducting plate 81 is provided, (see Fig. 1,) which carries a series of contactpoints 82, arranged in the arc of a circle, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.
  • the first or left-hand contact-point 82 is connected to the forward end of the arm 32, the pin 38 of which arm moves over the square of contact-points located at the forward lefthand corner of the switchboard and numbered from O to 99, as above set forth.
  • the second contact-point 82 is connected to the bar 39 and through it to the rear end of the arm 32, the pin 38 carried by which bar moves over the square of contact-points numbered from 100 to 199, as above described.
  • the third contact-point is connected to the forward end of the arm 33, the fourth to the rear end of said arm 33, and the remaining contact-points 82 are connected to the remaining arms 34 35 36 in the same order.
  • the wires 91, connecting the contact-points 82 with the respective arms 32 33 34 35 36 are supported by a cross-bar 88, which rests upon standards 89 90, rising from the standards 30 31, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, which arrangement permits such move ment of said wires 91 as is necessary owing to the travel of the shaft 25; but this arrangement may be varied.
  • a circuit-closing arm which is mounted upon a vertical shaft 84, arranged at the front of the exchange-switch and at the center of the circle of which the contact-points 82 form an are.
  • the shaft 84 is journaled at its lower end upon the base-plate 20 (see Fig. 2) and at its upper end in a cross-bar 85, carried by a standard 86, which rises from the base-plate 20, as best shown in Fig. 2.
  • the shaft 84 is adapted to be rotated to move the arm 83 into contact with the different contact-points 82, thereby closing the circuit between them and the base-plate 20.
  • the shaft 84 is rotated to move the arm 83 into contact with the different contact-points by means of an eleotromagnet 92, marked on Fig. 9 Selective-switch magnet, which is adapted to attract an armature 93. supported by an arm 94, (see Fig. 6,) which is pivoted upon a pivot 95, fixed to the base-plate 20 in such manner that the arm 94 will lie in ahorizontal position.
  • the arm 94 At its forward end the arm 94 carries a pawl 96, arranged substantially at right angles therewith.
  • the pawl96 is adapted to engage the teeth of a segmental ratchet-plate 97, which is secured upon the shaft 84, as best shown in Fig. 6.
  • the arrangement is such that when the magnet 92 is energized the armature 93 will be attracted, moving the arm 94 and causing the pawl 96 to engage the ratchet-plate 97, moving it the space of one tooth.
  • the armature 93 is normally held out of contact with the poles of the magnet 92 by a spring 98, the arrangement of which spring will be hereinafter set forth.
  • the ratchet-plate 97 is locked against reverse movement by means of a .dog 99, which is adapted to engage the teeth thereof, and is pivotally supported in a block 100, secured upon the base-plate 20 in a suitable position. (See Figs. 1 and 2.)
  • the dog 99 is held in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-plate 97 by a suitable spring 101, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the dog 99 is moved out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-plate 97 to permit of resetting said plate by means of an electromagnet 102, (see Fig. 1,) which magnet 102 is adapted to attract an armature 103, which is pivoted in bearings 104 105, mounted upon the base-plate 20, as best shown in Fig. 1.
  • the magnet 102 is marked Releasemagnet on Fig. 9.
  • the arrangement is such that when the release-magnet 102 is energized the armature 103 will be attracted, its upper edge moving toward the poles of said magnet.
  • a suitable spring 106 (see Figs. 1 and 2) is provided, which holds the armature 103 normally out of engagement with the poles of the magnet 102.
  • Projecting from the forward end of the armature 103 is a bar 107, which is rigidly connected to said armature, as shown in Fig. 1. The spring 106 bears against said bar 107.
  • the arm 83 (see Fig. 6) indicates an adjustable stop carried by a post 111, which rises from the plate 20.
  • the stop 110 serves to limit the return motion of the ratchet-plate 97, as shown in Fig. 6. From the construction just described it will be'seen that the arm 83 may be moved into contact with any desired contactpoint 82 by energizing the magnet 92 a sufiicient number of times and afterward returned to its normal position by energizing the release-magnet 102 a single time.
  • the end of the shaft 25 opposite to that at which is located the magnet 63 is irregular in cross-section, preferably square, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 8, and is provided with a crosshead 112, as shown in Fig. 8, which crosshead is provided with arms 113 114 at its ends, which project at right angles thereto, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the shaft 25 is adapted to slide longitudinally through the cross-head center, as is necessary when such shaft is shifted longitudinally of the switchboard, as hereinbefore described.
  • the cross-head 112 is held normally in a horizontal position by means of springs 115 116, as best shown in Fig. 8.
  • 117 indicates an electromagnet which is arranged in a vertical position substantially opposite the arm 114 of the cross-head 112, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.
  • the magnet marked 117 is marked General-wire magnet on Fig. 9. p i
  • armature 118 indicates the armature of the magnet 117, which is arranged over the poles of the magnet 117 and is pivoted to standards 119 120 by means of arms 121, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3.
  • a spring 122 mounted upon a rod 123, serves to hold the armature 118 normally out of contact with the poles of the magnet 117 and a short distance above said poles. (See Fig. 1.)
  • the spring 122 will lift the armature 118, thereby j releasing the arm 114 and permitting the springs 115 116 to return the cross-head 112 to its horizontal position.
  • 112 is tilted in the opposite direct-ion to make connections with the rear upper row of contact-points and the forward lower row of contact-points by means of an eleetromagnet 127, marked on Fig. 9 Private-wire magnet, an armature 128, having an arm 129, and a crossbar 130, which is similar to the cross-bar 126 and is arranged over the arm 113. 1.)
  • the magnet 127 serves to tilt the arm 125 exactly as described for the magnet 117, and the corresponding parts, except the arm 129 and cross-bar 130, are indicated by the same reference-numerals.
  • the energizing of the magnet 117 operates to make connections over the general wires
  • energizing of the magnet 127 operates to make connections over the private wires.
  • the armature 128 In order to lock down the arm 113 of the cross-head 112 to hold the pins 38 in contact with the different contact-points, we provide the armature 128 with an arm 131, which projects therefrom and is provided with a hook 132 in its end, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the hook 132 is adapted to fit into a recess 133 in a bar 134, which is pivotally mounted upon the baseplate 20 in a vertical position and is held normally in substantially a vertical position in a block 135.
  • the bar 134 is pressed back toward the magnet 127 to release the armature 128 by means of a rod 137, which projects from the rear end of the armature 103, as best shown in Fig. 1, which bar is adapted to strike the bar 134 on the side opposite the spring 136 when the armature 103 is attracted by the magnet 102 and to move said bar 134 sufficiently to withdraw the hook 132 from the recess 133.
  • the spring 122 will then move the armature 128 upward, permitting the cross-head 112 to return to its normal position.
  • a similar locking device may be provided for locking the arm 114 down, if desired.
  • 139 indicates a circuit-closing arm, which is pivoted upon a shaft 140, (see Fig. 2,) at the center of the circle of which the contact-points 138 form an arc.
  • the shaft 140 is normally held in such position that the circuit-closing arm 139 rests normally upon the contact-point 138 at the right-hand end of the are by a spring 141 on the shaft 140, as best shown in Fig. 2.
  • the shaft 140 is rotated to move the circuitclosing arm into contact with the different contact-points by means of an electromagnet 142, arranged upon the base-plate 20, adjacent to the magnet 92, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the magnet 142 which on Fig.
  • Operating-magnet is adapted to attract an armature 143, which is arranged similarly to the armature 93, being pivoted upon a pivot 144, rising from the base-plate 20.
  • the armature 143 carries a horizontal arm 145, which extends forward and carries a pawl 146 substantially at right angles thereto, which pawl is adapted to engage the teeth of a segmental ratchet-plate 147, mounted upon the shaft 140, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the magnet 142 When the magnet 142 is energized, the armature 143 will be attracted and the pawl 146 will engage the teeth of the ratchet-plate 147, moving it the space of one tooth for each electric impulse which passes through said magnet.
  • the spring 98 serves to move the armature 143 away from the poles of the magnet 142, as it is connected to the rear end of the arm By this arrangement the spring 98 serves to operate both arms 94 and 145.
  • the spring 141 which is mounted upon the shaft 140, serves to return the ratchet-plate 147 and the shaft 140 to their normal position.
  • a dog 150 (see Fig. 6,) which is pivoted in the block and is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet; plate 147, as shown in Fig. 6, being heldin engagement with said teeth by a spring 151.
  • the dog is thrown out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-plate 147 to permit of the return of said plate to its normal position by means of a connecting-rod 152, (see Fig. 6,) one end of which is connected to the rod 108, its other end being connected to an arm 153, which is rigidly secured to the dog 150, substantially at right angles thereto.
  • armature 158 indicates an electromagnet which is mounted upon the baseplate 20 and is provided with an armature 158, which is pivoted upon the base-plate 20 and is in electrical connection therewith.
  • the magnet 157 is marked Push-button magnet on Fig. 9.
  • the armature 158 carries an arm 159, which is adapted to engage a plate (see Fig. 2) when said armature is attracted by the magnet 157, thereby forming an electrical connection between said plate 160 and the base-plate 20.
  • the armature 158 is held normally in such position as to hold the arm 159 out of contact with the plate 160 by means of a suitable spring, as bestshown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 161 indicates an electromagnet marked Substation controlling-magnet on Fig. 9, which is mounted upon the base-plate 20 and is provided with a pivoted armature 162, which is in electrical connection with the base-plate 20.
  • the armature 162 is pivoted upon a rod 163, mounted in standards 164 165, (see Fig. 22,) rising from the base-plate 20, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 22.
  • 166 167 indicate two metallic plates which are insulated from each other and from the base-plate 20, the plate 167 being adapted to be engaged by an arm 168, secured to the armature 162, when said armature is not attracted by the magnet 161, said armature being normally held away from the poles of said magnet 161 by means of a spring 169, arranged upon the rod 163, as shown in Fig. 22.
  • the magnet 161 When the magnet 161 is energized, the armature 162 will be attracted thereby, thereby disconnecting the arm 168 from the plate 167.
  • the right-hand contact point 138 upon which the circuit-closing arm 139 normally rests, which contact-point we have indicated by a, (see Fig. 9,) is connected to the switchboards 22 of all the other exchange-switches in the system by a wire 170, (see Fig. 9,) which wire is connected to the general and private contact-points upon such switchboards bearing the number of the exchange-switch from which said wire originated.
  • the contact-point b which is next in order. is connected by a wire 171 to one end of the coil of the magnet 92. The other end of such coil is connected by wires 1'72 and 173 to a battery 176, as shown in Fig. 9.
  • the opposite pole of the battery 176 is connected by wires 177 and 179 to a plate 180, which is secured upon the plate 81 andlies over or opposite the contact-point 138, which is marked 6 in Fig. 9 and is the fifth in succession from the right-hand end of the series of contact-points.
  • the wire 179 is also connected to plate 160.
  • the plate 180 has been illustrated as having a contactpoint arranged opposite the contact-point 0.
  • the wire 172 is also connected by wire 174 to one end of the coil of the magnet 127, as shown in Fig. 9, and by wires 181 182 183 184 to'one end of the coils of each of the magnets 117 63 74 53, respectively, as shown in Fig. 9;
  • 185 indicates a wire which connects contactpoint 0, Fig. 9, to the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 63.
  • V 186 indicates a wire which connects con tactpoint (Z, Fig. 9, to the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 53.
  • 188 indicates a wire which connects contactpoint f, Fig. 9, to the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 127.
  • 189 indicates a wire which connects contactpoint g to one end of the coil of the magnet 102.
  • 190 indicates a wire which connects the wire 189 with a plate 191. which is insulated from the base-plate 20 and is so placed that when the armature 103 is attracted by the magnet 102 said armature or the rod 107, which is in electrical connection therewith, will strike the plate 191, making electrical connection therewith.
  • the armature 103 is in electrical connection with the base-plate 20 by a wire 210.
  • the arrangement of the plate 191 and armature 103 is shown in Figs. 1 and 9.
  • the armature 158 is connected to the base plate 20 or wire 20.
  • 194 indicates a wire connecting one end of the coil of the magnet 157 to plate 167.
  • 193 indicates a wire which connects the armature 162 with the base-plate 20 or wire 20". hen not attracted by the magnet 161, the arm 168 of the armature 162 is in contact with the plate 167. r
  • 195 indicates a wire which connects the plate 166 to a plate 196, placed opposite the armature 103 and on the opposite side from the magnet 102, as shown in Fig. 9.
  • 198 indicates a wire which connects the plate 197 with one end of the coil of the magnet 142.
  • 199 indicates a wire which connects the other end of the coil of the magnet 142 with a battery 202.
  • 203 indicates a wire connecting the opposite pole of the battery 202 with a contact-point 206, which in practice (see Fig. 22) is carried by the arm 168, which is attached to the armature 162.
  • the eontactpoint 206 is insulated from the arm 168 and is adapted to strike the plate 166 when the armature 162 is not attracted by the magnet 161.
  • 207 indicates a ground-wire, one end of which is connected to a battery 208.
  • the connections of the contact-points 82 have been hereinbefore described.
  • the circuit-closing arm 83 which moves over such contact-points 82, is in electrical connection with the base-board 20.
  • the top plate 219 is made of some suitable non-conducting material and is provided upon its upper surface with a series of contact-points 222 223 224 225 226 227,
  • the contact-points 222 225 226 227 are preferably circular; but the contactpoints 223 224 are segmental in shape and are arranged to project radially toward the center of the circle, as shown in Fig. 11.
  • 228 229 230 indicate three contact-points arranged within the circle upon the top plate 219, as shown in Fig. 11.
  • the contact-points 222 223 224 225 226 227 are electrically connected by a metallic band 231, as shown in Fig. 12.
  • the three contact-points 228 229 230 are connected on the under side of said top plate 219 by a metallic plate 232, as also shown in Fig. 12.
  • the 233 indicates a shaft which is mounted b'e tween the two plates 219 220 at the centerof the circle formed by the connecting-strap 231.
  • the shaft 233 is in electrical connection with the lower plate 220 and carries above the top plate 219 two arms 234 235, which are insulated from each other, as shown in Fig. 14, the arm 234 being also insulated from the shaft 233.
  • the arm 235 is in electrical connection with said shaft.
  • the arm 234 is of suflicient length to rest upon the contact-points 222 223 224 225 226 227, so that by rotating the shaft 233 said arm may be moved into contact with any of said contact-points.
  • the arm 235 is shorter and is adapted to be moved into contact with the contact-points 228 229 230, as shown. Both of the arms 234 235 are preferably made of spring metal and are arranged to bear upon the different contact-points sufliciently to secure a good contact.
  • the shaft 233 is adapted to be rotated by means of a crank 236, which is mounted upon a shaft 237, journaled in suitable bearings 238, mounted upon the lower plate 220, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14.
  • a worm 239 Mounted upon the shaft 237 is a worm 239, which is adapted to engage a pinion 240, mounted upon the shaft 233, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14.
  • the 241 indicates a flat spring which is secured upon the lower plate 220 and is adapted to rest upon a plate 242, which is mounted upon the shaft 237, as indicated by dotted lines in Figs. 13 and 14.
  • the plate 242 is circular in shape except that one portion of its periphery is flattened, so that when the spring 241 rests upon said flattened portion of the plate 242 the crank 236 will be held stationary.
  • the plate 242, pinion 240, and worm 239 are so arranged that when the crank 236 is rotated the spring 241 will rest upon the flattened portion of the plate 242 when the arm 234 rests upon the contact-point 222, when said arm is at a point between the contact-points 222 and 223, when said arm is between contact-points 223 and 224, when said arm is between contact-points 224 and 225, when said arm rests upon contact-points 226 and 227.
  • the arm 234 rests upon contact-point 226, the arm 235 will rest upon contact-point 228, which is diametrically opposite contactpoint 226, as shown in Fig. 11.
  • the arm 235 will rest upon contact-point 229, and when the arm 234 rests upon contactpoint 222 the arm 235 will rest upon contactpoint 230, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 11.
  • 243 indicates a push-button which is fitted in a suitable perforation in the upper plate 219 and is connected at the under side of said plate to a spring-plate 244, which is secured to said plate 219.
  • the wire 214 is connected to the bar 246 at the under side of the plate 219, as shown in Fig. 14 and as indicated in Fig. 15.
  • the wire 215, which is connected to the base-plate 20 of the exchange, is connected to the lower plate 220 of the substation-switch, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15.
  • the normal position of the subscribers switchboard 218 is shown in Fig. 15, the arm 234 resting upon contact-point 222 and the arm 235 resting on contact-point 230.
  • the circuit is normally open and is as follows: from the ground, over wire 252, through the operators telephone, thence over wire 251 to plate-232, thence through arm 235 to lower plate 220 of the substation-switchboard, thence over wire 215 to base-plate 20 or wire 20, thence through arm 139 to contact-point a of the exchange-switch, upon which said arm normally rests, thence over wire 170 to the other exchange-switches in the system.
  • the circuit is normally open and is as follows: from the ground, over wire 252, through the operators telephone, thence over wire 251 to plate-232, thence through arm 235 to lower plate 220 of the substation-switchboard, thence over wire 215 to base-plate 20 or wire 20, thence through arm 139 to contact-point a of the exchange-switch, upon which said
  • the apparatus may call up any other subscriber in the system, as connection may be made with his instrument by operating any of the other exchange-switches in the system.
  • connections will now be as follows: from base 20 or wire 20 of the exchange, through arm 139, to the contact-point b, thence over wire 171 to electromagnet 92, thence over wires 172 and 173 to battery 176, thence over wires 17 7 and 179 to plate 160.
  • the circuit will not be closed,- owing to the fact that the electromagnet 157 is not energized, and consequently the armature 158 will not be in contact with the plate 160.
  • the following connections will also exist: from the lower plate 220 of the substation -switchboard, over wire 215, to base-plate 20 or wire 20 of the exchange switch, thence through armature 162 and arm 168 (the arm 168 is not shown in Fig@ I net 157.
  • connections would then be as follows: from the base-plate 20 of the exchange-switch, through arm 139, to contactpoint 0, thence through wire 185 to electromagnet 63, thence over wires 182 172 173, battery 176, wires 177 179 to plate 160, when, as before, the circuit can be completed to the base-plate 20 by operating the push-button 243, andthereby energizing the magnet 157.
  • the electromagnet 63 operates the mechanism for moving the shaft 25 longitudinally of the switchboard 22 and each electrical impulse which passes through said magnet moves the circuit-closing pins in position to come into contact with the next row of ten contact-points.
  • the operator In order to move the contact-points in position to engage a contact-point in the fifties, the operator would operate his push-button five times, sending five impulses through the electromagnet 63 and moving the circuit-closing pins into posi tion over the sixth row of contact-points.
  • Connections would thereby be made as follows: from the baseplate 20 and arm 139 to contact-point (Z, thence over wire 186 to electromagnet 53, thence over wires 184 172 17 3, battery 176, thence over wires 177 179 to plate 160.
  • the push-button 243 By then pressing the push-button 243 the circuit would be closed through magnet 157, closing the circuit to base 20 or wire 20 through armature 158 and energizing magnet 53, thereby moving the shaft 25 the space of one tooth of the ratchet-wheel 58.
  • the magnet 53 operates to move the circuit-closing pins units, and therefore by pressing the push-button 243 six times the circuit-closing arm would move opposite the sixth contact-point on the exchange-switch board.
  • One of the circuit-closing pins 38 would now lie opposite the upper and lower contact-points of the exchange-switchboard numbered 356, the lower contact-point being connected by a general wire to the other exchange-switehboards and the. upper contactpoint being connected by a private wire to the other switchboards in the system.
  • the method ofconnecting the private and general wires will be more fully hereinafter set forth. If the subscriber does not wish to usethe private wire, he now rotates the crank 236 again, thereby moving the arm 234 into contact with contact-point 226 and arm 235 into contact with contact-point 228.
  • arm 234 Before reaching contact-point 226, however, arm 234 passes over contact-point 225, thereby again closing the circuit momentarily through electromagnet 161 and cutting out magnet 142.
  • the magnet 161 is immediately cut out when the arm 234 moves off contact-point 225, thereby again energizing magnet 142 and moving the arm 139 into contact with eontaet-pointeand plate 180.
  • a closed circuit will thereby be established from contact-point a over wire 187 to magnet 117, thence over wires 181 174 172 173 to battery 176, thence over wires 177 179 to plate 180, and thence through arm 139 to contact-point
  • the circuit will thereby be closed through magnet 117, which will be energized, and the cross-head 112 will be caused to tilt, moving the rear portions of the bars 32 33 34 35 36 downward into contact with the contact-points upon the lower plate 24 and the forward portions of said bars upward into contact with the upper plate 23.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Structure Of Telephone Exchanges (AREA)

Description

No. 763,412. PATENTED JUNE 28, 1904.
F. A. LUNDQUIST & J. '& C. J. ERICKSON.
AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE. APPLICATION rl'nnn DEC. 2. 1898.
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No. 763,412. PATENTBD JUN BZS, 1904. I. A. LUNDQUIST & J. & G. J. ERIGKSON.
AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE.
APPLICATION FILED DBO. 2. 1893.
10 sums-sum a.
N0 MODEL.
No. 763,412. 7 PJQUIIEINTED JUNE 28, '1904.
I. A. LUNDQUIST & J. & ,G. L ERIOKSON.
AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE.
APPLIQATIDN FILED DEC. 2. 1893.
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No; 763,412. PATENTED JUNE 28, 1904.
F. A. LUNDQUIST '1' & QL 1T. ERICKSON.
AUTOMATIG ELBGTRKGAL EXCHANGE.
APPLIOAJUQE NLRB BBQ. 2. 1893.
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No. 763,412. PATENTED JUNE 28, 1904. F. A. LUNDQUIST & J. & G. J. BRICKSON. AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE,
APPLIOATION'TILED DEC. 2. 1893.
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No. 763,412. PATENTED JUNE 28, 1904. P. A. LUNDQUIST & J. & C. J. ERICKSON. AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE.
' APPLICATION FILED DBO. z. 1893.
No. 763,412. IPATENTED JUNE 28, 1904.
- F. A. LUNDQUIST & 'J.'& c. J. ERIGKSON.
AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE. APPLICATION FILED no. 2. 1893.
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AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE.
APPLICATION FILED DBO. 2- 1893 10 SHEETS-SHEET a.
NO MODEL.
No. 763,412. PATENTED JUNE 28, 1904.
F. A. LUNDQUIST & J. & C. LERICKSON.
AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE.
APPLICATION FILED DEC. 2. I893- N0 MODEL. 1 0 BHEETS-SHEBT 9.
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No. 763,412. PATENTED JUNE 28, 1904. F. A. LUNDQUIST & J. & G. J. ERIGKSON. AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE.
APPLIUATION FILED DBO. 2. 1893.
N0 MODEL. I 10 BHEETS-SHEET 10.
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UNITED STATES Patented June as, 1904.
PATENT OrFrcE. I
FRANK A. LUNDQUIST, JOHN ERICKSON, AND CHARLES J. ERICKSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS, BY DIRECT AND MESN E ASSIGNMENTS, TO THEMSELVES, JOHN ANDERSON, OF SALINA, KANSAS, AND GLOBE AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPO- RATION OF ILLINOIS.
AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL EXCHANGE.
SFEGIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 763,412, dated June 28, 1904.
Application filer. December 2, 1893. Serial No. 492,639. (No m'odeh) cago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful 1m movements in Automatic Electrical Exchanges, of which the following 1s a specification, reference being had to the accompanying TO drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation. Fig. 4. is a detail, being a plan view of the circuitclosing arms, showing the way in which they are mounted and the Wire connections. Fig. 5 is a detail, being a partial vertical section on line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view on. line 6 6 of Fig: 2 looking down. Fig. 7 is an end elevation looking to the left in Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a partial end elevation, being a section on line 8 8 of Fig. 2 looking to the right. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view showingthe wire connections of the exchange-switch. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic vicwshowing the arrangement of the wire connections of the exchange-SWitchboard. Fig. 11 is a plan view of the switch-box which is located at substations. Fig.12 is a view of the under side of the top plate of said box. 3 Fig. 13 is aview of the switch-box, the upper plate being removed. Fig. 1A is a side view of the switch-box looking to the right in Fig. 11, and Fig. 15 is a diagrammatic view showing the connections between the switch-box and the exchange-switch at the central station which is operated by it. being a partial longitudinal vertical section of the switchboard, showing the release-magnet and its armature and the connecting parts.
-4 Fig. 17 is a partial vertical cross-section of the switchboard, showing a part of the release-magnet. Fig. 18is avertical cross-section of: the substation-switchboard on line 18 18 ofFig. 11. Fig. 19 is a vertical cross-section on line 1919 of Fig. 2. Fig. 20 is alongitudinal' vertical section on line 20 20 of Fig.
Fig. 16 is a detail,
19. Fig. 21 is a vertical section on line 21 21 of Figs. 1 and 4; and Fig. 22 is a detail, partly in section, showing one of the electromagnets and its armature.
Our invention relates to automatic electrical exchanges, and particularly to that class of automatic exchanges which are intended to be used for making automatic connections in telephone systems between different subscribers. As is well known, in substantially all of such automatic exchange systems each telephone-substation is connected to an exchangeswitch located at a central station, which exchange-switch is adapted to be operated from the substation to connect the subscriber to any other telephone in the system, and our present invention is similar to others in that respect.
One of the objects of our present invention is to improve and simplify the construction of automatic electrical exchanges not only by improving the construction of the exchangeswitch to be used at the central station and can converse without danger of being broken in upon by others.
We accomplish these objects as hereinafter specified and as illustrated in the drawings.
That which we regard as new will be set forth in the claims.
In describing our invention we will first explain the construction of the exchange-switch, which is located at the central station, referring to the accompanying drawings.
The operating parts of the exchange-switch are mounted upon a metallic base-plate 20, represented in the diagrammatic views by wire 20, which plate is of suitable shape to carry them and is in turn mounted upon a board or other suitable support 21, as shown in Fig. 2.
Connections are made between the operators instrument and other instruments in the system by connecting the operators exchangeswitch with the exchange-switches of the different instruments. For instance, if the operator desired to call telephone No. 20 he would connect his instrument, through his eX- change-switch, with a wire connected to the exchange-switch of telephone No. 20. It will therefore be understood that provision must be made at each exchange-switch for making connections with all the other exchangeswitches in the system. To this end each exchange-switch is provided with a switchboard 22, which consists of two non-conducting switchboard-plates 23 24, arranged one above the other in a horizontal position and in proximity to each other, as best shown in Fig. 3, each of which plates carries a number of contact-points, the contact-points of the two plates 23 24 being arranged opposite each other on the inner surfaces of said plates. In order to provide increased capacity, we provide what may be termed a compound switchboardthat is to say, each switchboard is composed of a plurality of series of contact-points, which in the construction shown are arranged in squares, there being, preferably, one hundred contact-points in each square. and a separate contact-making device is provided for each square or series of contact-points on the switchboard. In connection with this apparatus selective switch mechanism is provided by which the circuit may be closed through either of said contact-making devices, so that a limited movement only of the different contact-making devices is necessary in order to make connection with any contact-point on the switchboard as a whole.
Our improved construction, broadly considered, by which we provide selective switch mechanism to determine or select which of the different contact-making devices is to be used, is one of the important features of our present invention, as it makes it practicable to provide exchange-switches suitable for systems employing a much larger number of instruments than could otherwise be acc0mmosquare are numbered, beginning at the forward left-hand corner, the first row from front to rear being from O to 9, the second row from 1O to 19, &c. The second hundred contactpointsthat is, those from 100 to 199are contained in the square at the rear left-hand corner of the switchboard. The third hundred contact-points are in the second square from the forward left-hand corner of the switchboard, and so on, the adjacent squares being numbered in alternate hundreds.
In order to provide means whereby any two subscribers who wish to have private communication and wish to avoid being broken in upon by others may establish a private connection, each exchange-switch is connected by two wires to each of the other exchangeswitches in the system, the two wires from any one exchange-switch being connected to two opposite upper and lower contact-points, and, as will be hereinafter more fully described, means are provided whereby any subscriber can connect his instrument at will with either of said two contact-points, and thereby cut himself off from outside interruption or not, as he chooses. In the arrangement herein illustrated the squares or contact-points in the forward row of the upper switchboardplate 23 are connected, to what may be called the general wires that is, the wires which do not afford exclusive connection with other exchange-switcheswhile the contact-points in the opposite lower row furnish means for securing private connection with the same exchange-switches. The contact-points at the rear edge of the switchboard are oppositely arranged, the lower row of contact point squares being general and the upper private.
The connections through the various contact-points are made by means of the following apparatus: 25 indicates a carrier or traveling support in the form of a rock-shaft which extends longitudinally of the switchboard 22 and midway between the two switchboard-plates 23 24:, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 8. The shaft 25 is journaled in bars 26 27, arranged at opposite ends of the switchboard 22, as shown in Fig. 4:, which bars 26 27 are supported at their ends by suitable standards 28 29 3O 31 (see Figs. 7 and 8) and are adapted to move transversely of said switchboard, thereby moving the shaft 25 backward and forward between the two switchboardplates. The rock-shaft 25 carries five crossbars 32 33 34 35 36, secured midway of their length upon the shaft 25 andadapted to lie normally in a horizontal position between the switchboard-plates 23 24:. The cross-bars above mentioned are further secured in place by means of a plate 37, which extends lengthwise of the shaft 25, to which it is secured, as shown in Fig. 4. Each of said cross-bars carries at each end a pin 38, which pins are seen red in the respective cross-bars midway of their length and perpendicularly to said bars, so that they normally lie in a perpendicular position. (See Fig.19.) The pins 38 of each cross-bar are spaced a distance apart equal to that which separates any contact-point in one of the rows of squares from the correspondingly-situated contact-point in the other row. By this arrangement when the shaft is rocked so as to throw the forward ends of the bars 36 up the pins 38 at the forward ends of such bars will engage contact-points in the upper row of squares and the pins at the other ends of said bars will engage correspondingly-situated contact-points in the lower rear row of squares. The opposite ends of the bars 32 33 34 35 36 are insulated from each other, which may be accomplished either by making said bars of non-conducting material or by making them of separate pieces with some suitable non-conducting material between the adjacent parts.
39 40 41 42 43 indicate bars which are secured upon the rock-shaft 25 adjacent to the bars 32 33 34 35 36, respectively, and are electrically connected to the rear portions of said bars by connecting-pieces 44, as shown in Fig. 4. The method of connecting the bars 32 33 34 35 36 will be hereinafter explained.
45 indicates a frame which projects from one end of the switchboard 22 and carries a cross-bar 46. The adjacent end of the shaft 25 is provided with a pin 47, which is adapted to fit into a recess or slot 47 in the bar 46,
as shown in Fig. 21, by which arrangement when the bar 46 is moved in the frame 45 the shaft 25 will be moved with it. The bar 46 is adapted to move longitudinally of the exchange-switch, being fitted in slots in the side pieces 48 49 of the frame 45. By this arrangement the shaft 25 is adapted to move longitudinally of the switchboard 22 as well as transversely thereof. The transverse movement of the shaft 25 is effected by means of a shaft 50, (see Fig. 7,) which is journaled in the frame of the machine and extends longitudinally of the switchboard, as shown in Fig. 2, which shaft is provided at each end with a pinion 51, which pinions are in mesh with racks 52, carried by the bars 26 27, as best shown in Figs. 5 and 20. The shaft 50 is rotated by means of an electromagnet 53, marked on Fig. 9 Transverse-movement magnet, arranged at one side of the exchangeswitch upon the base-plate 20, which magnet is adapted to attract an armature 54, mounted upon a rock-shaft 55, supported by standards 56. The rock-shaft also carries an arm 57, (see Fig. 1,) which projects over a ratchetwheel 58, mounted upon the adjacent end of the shaft 50, as shown inFig. 7. The arm 57 carries apawl 59, which is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 58 when the magnet 53 is energized. The arrangement is such that when the armature 54 is attracted by the magnet 53 it will move a sufficient distance to actuate the arm 57 sufficiently to move the ratchet-wheel 58 the space of one tooth.
60 indicates a detent which is pivoted upon the base plate 20 (see Fig. 17) and rising therefrom is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 58 to prevent reverse motion thereof. The detent 60 is held in contact with the ratchet-wheel 58 by a suitable spring. At its lower end the detent 60 is provided with a horizontal arm 61, as best shown in Fig. 17. By slightly elevating the arm 61, as will be hereinafter described, the detent 60 may be thrown out of engagement with the ratchetwheel 58 to permit the return of the shaft 25 to its normal position. In the exchangeswitch herein illustrated the ratchet-wheel 58 is arranged to rotate the space of ten teeth, a suitable stop being provided to prevent any further movement of the shaft 25. If desired, however, a greater movement of the shaft could be secured, as would be necessary if the system comprised more than nine hundred and ninety-nine subscribers.
The shaft 25 is returned in part to its normal position (or such position that its contactpins 38 he opposite the front rows of contactpoints of the two series and at the left-hand ends of such rows) by means of a spring 62,
(see Fig. 1,) one end of which is secured to the standard 30, (see Fig. 8,) its opposite end being secured to the rear end of the bar 26, (see Fig. 8,) so that the tension of the spring will 1tend to move the bar 26 and shaft 25 forwarc.
The shaft 25 is shifted longitudinally of the switchboard by means of an electromagnet 63, marked on Fig. 9 Longitudinal-movement magnet, which is adapted to attract an armature 64, carried by a rocking arm 65, pivoted upon the base-plate 20, as shown in Fig. 3. A suitable spring serves to hold the armature 64 normally outof contaetwith the poles of the electromagnet 63. The arm 65 carries at its upper end a pawl 66, which is adapted to engage the teeth of a rack 67, which is movable longitudinally of the exchange-switch. The outer end of the rack 67 is fitted in a suitable bearing in a standard 68, as best shown in Fig. 3, and its inner end is connected to a cross-bar 69, which also moves in the slots between the side pieces 48 49 of the frame 45, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 7. The bar 69 is connected to the bar 46, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, so that as the rack 67 moves longitudinally of the exchange-switch the shaft 25 will be moved with it. When the magnet 63 is energized, the armature 64 will be attracted and the pawl 66 engaging the teeth of the rack-bar .67 will move it outward the space of one tooth.
69 (see Fig. 3) indicates a stop which is adapted to engage the end of the pawl 66 and prevent it from moving the rack-bar 67 more than one tooth at a time. j
70 (see Fig. 3) indicates a detent which is pivoted upon a rod 71, carried by the frame 45, and extends transversely over the rack-bar 67. (See Fig. 4.) The detent is adapted to engage a second series of teeth at the upper side of the rack-bar 67 to prevent the return of said rack-bar. The detent 70 is moved out of engagement with the rack-bar 67 to permit the return of said rack-bar by means of an arm 72,(sec Fig. 16,) which rises from the armature 73 of an elcctromagnet 74 (see Figs. 1 and 16) and is adapted to engage a depending arm 75, secured to the forward end of the rod 71, as shown in Fig. 16. The magnet 74 is marked Releasemagnet on Fig. 9. The armature 73 is pivoted upon the base-plate 20 between suitable blocks 76, so that when the magnet 74 is energized the armature 73 will be moved toward it. It is held normally out of contact with the poles of the magnet 74 by means of a suitable spring. The arms 72 75 are so arranged that when the armature 73 is attracted by its electromagnet the arm 72 will strike the arm 75 and rock the rod 71 sufficiently to move the detent 7 0 out of engagement with the teeth of the rack 67. The rack-bar 67 will then be returned to its normal position by a spring 77, one end of which is connected to an upright 78, connected to the rack-bar 67, (see Figs. 3 and 7,) its other end being connected to a suitable stationary support, such as the switchboard 22. (See Fig. 1.) A suit able spring 79 serves to hold the detent 7O normally in contact with the rack-bar 67, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 4. The armature 73 is also provided with an arm 80, which projects under the arm 61 of the detent 60, as best shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the arrangement being such that when the armature 73 is attracted by the electromagnet 74 it will raise said arm 61 sufliciently to throw the detent 60 out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 58, thereby permitting the retation of said ratchet-wheel in a reverse direction.
The normal position of the pins 38 is over the contact-point at the forward left-hand corner of their respective squares. It follows, therefore, from the arrangement of the contact-points which has been above described that when the pawl 59 is actuated by the magnet 53 the pins 38 will be moved over the contact-points in each square bearing the next higher number, and the pins may therefore be moved to the desired contact-point by energizing the magnet 53 the proper number of times, provided the desired number is not more than 9? If a higher number is desired, by energizing the magnet 63 the shaft 25 and the pins 38 will be moved longitudinally of the switchboard to the right until the desired row of tens is reached, when the proper number may be secured by moving the shaft 25 transversely of the switchboard by actuating the pawl 59. For instance, to move the pins 38 into position to make contact with contact-points connected to telephone No. 35 the magnet 63 would be energized three times and the magnet 53 five times. By energizing the magnet 74 a single time the shaft 25 and the pins 38 will be returned to their normal position. ferent magnets above described may be energized at will from a substation will be hereinafter described.
In order to provide for making connections with instruments numbered in the hundreds, a non-conducting plate 81 is provided, (see Fig. 1,) which carries a series of contactpoints 82, arranged in the arc of a circle, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. As shown in Fig. 4, the first or left-hand contact-point 82 is connected to the forward end of the arm 32, the pin 38 of which arm moves over the square of contact-points located at the forward lefthand corner of the switchboard and numbered from O to 99, as above set forth. The second contact-point 82 is connected to the bar 39 and through it to the rear end of the arm 32, the pin 38 carried by which bar moves over the square of contact-points numbered from 100 to 199, as above described. The third contact-point is connected to the forward end of the arm 33, the fourth to the rear end of said arm 33, and the remaining contact-points 82 are connected to the remaining arms 34 35 36 in the same order. (See Fig. 4.) The wires 91, connecting the contact-points 82 with the respective arms 32 33 34 35 36 are supported by a cross-bar 88, which rests upon standards 89 90, rising from the standards 30 31, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, which arrangement permits such move ment of said wires 91 as is necessary owing to the travel of the shaft 25; but this arrangement may be varied.
83 indicates a circuit-closing arm, which is mounted upon a vertical shaft 84, arranged at the front of the exchange-switch and at the center of the circle of which the contact-points 82 form an are. (See Figs. 1 and 6.) The shaft 84 is journaled at its lower end upon the base-plate 20 (see Fig. 2) and at its upper end in a cross-bar 85, carried by a standard 86, which rises from the base-plate 20, as best shown in Fig. 2. The shaft 84 is adapted to be rotated to move the arm 83 into contact with the different contact-points 82, thereby closing the circuit between them and the base-plate 20. By this construction in order to connect the base-plate 20 with the square of contact-points numbered in any given hundred by moving the arm 83 into contact with the corresponding contact-point 82 such connection will be made. The object of this construction will be more fully set forth hereinafter.
The normal position of the arm 83 is resting upon the left-hand contact-point 82, and
The means whereby the difit is returned to this position by means of a spring 87, carried by the shaft 84. (See Fig. 2.)
The shaft 84 is rotated to move the arm 83 into contact with the different contact-points by means of an eleotromagnet 92, marked on Fig. 9 Selective-switch magnet, which is adapted to attract an armature 93. supported by an arm 94, (see Fig. 6,) which is pivoted upon a pivot 95, fixed to the base-plate 20 in such manner that the arm 94 will lie in ahorizontal position. At its forward end the arm 94 carries a pawl 96, arranged substantially at right angles therewith. The pawl96 is adapted to engage the teeth of a segmental ratchet-plate 97, which is secured upon the shaft 84, as best shown in Fig. 6. The arrangement is such that when the magnet 92 is energized the armature 93 will be attracted, moving the arm 94 and causing the pawl 96 to engage the ratchet-plate 97, moving it the space of one tooth. The armature 93 is normally held out of contact with the poles of the magnet 92 by a spring 98, the arrangement of which spring will be hereinafter set forth.
The ratchet-plate 97 is locked against reverse movement by means of a .dog 99, which is adapted to engage the teeth thereof, and is pivotally supported in a block 100, secured upon the base-plate 20 in a suitable position. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The dog 99 is held in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-plate 97 by a suitable spring 101, as shown in Fig. 6. The dog 99 is moved out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-plate 97 to permit of resetting said plate by means of an electromagnet 102, (see Fig. 1,) which magnet 102 is adapted to attract an armature 103, which is pivoted in bearings 104 105, mounted upon the base-plate 20, as best shown in Fig. 1. The magnet 102 is marked Releasemagnet on Fig. 9. The arrangement is such that when the release-magnet 102 is energized the armature 103 will be attracted, its upper edge moving toward the poles of said magnet. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) A suitable spring 106 (see Figs. 1 and 2) is provided, which holds the armature 103 normally out of engagement with the poles of the magnet 102. Projecting from the forward end of the armature 103 is a bar 107, which is rigidly connected to said armature, as shown in Fig. 1. The spring 106 bears against said bar 107. 108 indicates a connecting-rod, one end of which is pivotally connected to the forward end of the bar 107, the other end of which is connected to an arm 109, rigidly connected to the pawl 99 and projecting therefrom at substantially a right angle. (See Fig. 1.) By this construction when the armature 103 is attracted by the magnet 102 the rod 108 will move in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1, thereby moving the dog 99 out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchetplate 97 and permitting the arm 83 to return to its normal position under the action of the spring 87.
110 (see Fig. 6) indicates an adjustable stop carried by a post 111, which rises from the plate 20. The stop 110 serves to limit the return motion of the ratchet-plate 97, as shown in Fig. 6. From the construction just described it will be'seen that the arm 83 may be moved into contact with any desired contactpoint 82 by energizing the magnet 92 a sufiicient number of times and afterward returned to its normal position by energizing the release-magnet 102 a single time.
We have now described the apparatus used to operate the exchange-switch in such manner as to move the contact-points into position for making connections with contactpoints numbered in the units, tens, and hundreds, and it is evident that by operating the different mechanisms in succession the contact-points may be 'moved into position to make connection with any desired number from 0 to 999.
Before describing the electrical connections by means of which the different electromagnets are operated from a substation we will describe the apparatus used for tilting the shaft 25 in order to bring the contact-pins 38 into contact with the different squares on the upper and lower switch-plates.
The end of the shaft 25 opposite to that at which is located the magnet 63 is irregular in cross-section, preferably square, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 8, and is provided with a crosshead 112, as shown in Fig. 8, which crosshead is provided with arms 113 114 at its ends, which project at right angles thereto, as shown in Fig. 4. The shaft 25 is adapted to slide longitudinally through the cross-head center, as is necessary when such shaft is shifted longitudinally of the switchboard, as hereinbefore described. The cross-head 112 is held normally in a horizontal position by means of springs 115 116, as best shown in Fig. 8.
117 indicates an electromagnet which is arranged in a vertical position substantially opposite the arm 114 of the cross-head 112, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The magnet marked 117 is marked General-wire magnet on Fig. 9. p i
118 indicates the armature of the magnet 117, which is arranged over the poles of the magnet 117 and is pivoted to standards 119 120 by means of arms 121, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3. A spring 122, mounted upon a rod 123, serves to hold the armature 118 normally out of contact with the poles of the magnet 117 and a short distance above said poles. (See Fig. 1.)
124 indicates a stop secured to the standard 120 and projecting over the adjacent end of the armature 118, which stop serves to limit the upward motion of said armature. (See Fig. 1.)
extends over the arm 114 and is of sufficient length to extend over the path of the arm 114, i
so that notwithstanding the transverse movement of the shaft 25 and cross-head 112 the arm 114 will at all. times lie under the crossbar 126. The arrangement is such that when the magnet 117 is energized and the armature 118 attracted thereby the cross-bar 126 will be moved downward into engagement with the arm 114, thereby exerting a downwardj pressure thereupon and causing the shaft 25 to tilt in such manner as to move the contactpins 38 upon the rear ends of the bars 32 33 34 35 36 into engagement with the contactpoints upon the rear edge of the lower switchboard-plate 24. At the same time the pins 38 in the forward ends of the bars 32 33 34 1 35 36 will be moved into contact with the con 1 tact-points at the forward edge of the upper switchboard-plate 23.
hen the magnet 117 is demagnetized, the spring 122 will lift the armature 118, thereby j releasing the arm 114 and permitting the springs 115 116 to return the cross-head 112 to its horizontal position. 112 is tilted in the opposite direct-ion to make connections with the rear upper row of contact-points and the forward lower row of contact-points by means of an eleetromagnet 127, marked on Fig. 9 Private-wire magnet, an armature 128, having an arm 129, and a crossbar 130, which is similar to the cross-bar 126 and is arranged over the arm 113. 1.) The magnet 127 serves to tilt the arm 125 exactly as described for the magnet 117, and the corresponding parts, except the arm 129 and cross-bar 130, are indicated by the same reference-numerals.
Owing to the hereinbefore-deseribed arrangement of the contact-point squares upon the two switchboard-plates, the energizing of the magnet 117 operates to make connections over the general wires, whereas energizing of the magnet 127 operates to make connections over the private wires. In order to lock down the arm 113 of the cross-head 112 to hold the pins 38 in contact with the different contact-points, we provide the armature 128 with an arm 131, which projects therefrom and is provided with a hook 132 in its end, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The hook 132 is adapted to fit into a recess 133 in a bar 134, which is pivotally mounted upon the baseplate 20 in a vertical position and is held normally in substantially a vertical position in a block 135.
136 indicates a spring which bears against one side of the bar 134 and tends to press it outward from the magnet 127, the arrangement being such that when the armature 128 The cross head (See Fig. i
-145, as shown in Fig. 6.
is attracted by the magnet 127 the hook 132 will be moved down far enough to enter the recess 133, and the spring 136 will then move the bar 134 suffieiently to cause the hook 132 to enter such recess. The bar 134 is pressed back toward the magnet 127 to release the armature 128 by means of a rod 137, which projects from the rear end of the armature 103, as best shown in Fig. 1, which bar is adapted to strike the bar 134 on the side opposite the spring 136 when the armature 103 is attracted by the magnet 102 and to move said bar 134 sufficiently to withdraw the hook 132 from the recess 133. The spring 122 will then move the armature 128 upward, permitting the cross-head 112 to return to its normal position. A similar locking device may be provided for locking the arm 114 down, if desired.
In order to actuate the different magnets hereinbefore described, we provide a set of contact-points 138, which are arranged in the arc of a circle upon the segmental plate 81, as shown in Fig. 1. The connections from the contactpoints 138 to the difierent magnets will be hereinafter described.
139 indicates a circuit-closing arm, which is pivoted upon a shaft 140, (see Fig. 2,) at the center of the circle of which the contact-points 138 form an arc. The shaft 140 is normally held in such position that the circuit-closing arm 139 rests normally upon the contact-point 138 at the right-hand end of the are by a spring 141 on the shaft 140, as best shown in Fig. 2. The shaft 140 is rotated to move the circuitclosing arm into contact with the different contact-points by means of an electromagnet 142, arranged upon the base-plate 20, adjacent to the magnet 92, as shown in Fig. 6. The magnet 142, which on Fig. 9 is marked Operating-magnet, is adapted to attract an armature 143, which is arranged similarly to the armature 93, being pivoted upon a pivot 144, rising from the base-plate 20. The armature 143 carries a horizontal arm 145, which extends forward and carries a pawl 146 substantially at right angles thereto, which pawl is adapted to engage the teeth of a segmental ratchet-plate 147, mounted upon the shaft 140, as shown in Fig. 6. When the magnet 142 is energized, the armature 143 will be attracted and the pawl 146 will engage the teeth of the ratchet-plate 147, moving it the space of one tooth for each electric impulse which passes through said magnet. The spring 98 serves to move the armature 143 away from the poles of the magnet 142, as it is connected to the rear end of the arm By this arrangement the spring 98 serves to operate both arms 94 and 145. The spring 141, which is mounted upon the shaft 140, serves to return the ratchet-plate 147 and the shaft 140 to their normal position.
149 indicates an adjustable stop to limit return motion of the ratchet-plate 147. Return movement of the ratchet-plate 147 is pre vented by a dog 150, (see Fig. 6,) which is pivoted in the block and is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet; plate 147, as shown in Fig. 6, being heldin engagement with said teeth by a spring 151. The dog is thrown out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-plate 147 to permit of the return of said plate to its normal position by means of a connecting-rod 152, (see Fig. 6,) one end of which is connected to the rod 108, its other end being connected to an arm 153, which is rigidly secured to the dog 150, substantially at right angles thereto. By this construction when the release-magnet 102 is energized the dogs 99 and 150 will be thrown out of engagement with the respective rack-plates simultaneously, thereby permitting both of said rack-plates to return to their normal position.
154 155 indicate standards in which are fitted screws 156, which serve as stops to limit the outward motion of the arms 145 94 respectively, as shown in Fig. 6.
157 (see Fig. 1) indicates an electromagnet which is mounted upon the baseplate 20 and is provided with an armature 158, which is pivoted upon the base-plate 20 and is in electrical connection therewith. The magnet 157 is marked Push-button magnet on Fig. 9. The armature 158 carries an arm 159, which is adapted to engage a plate (see Fig. 2) when said armature is attracted by the magnet 157, thereby forming an electrical connection between said plate 160 and the base-plate 20. The armature 158 is held normally in such position as to hold the arm 159 out of contact with the plate 160 by means of a suitable spring, as bestshown in Figs. 1 and 2.
161 (see Fig. 7) indicates an electromagnet marked Substation controlling-magnet on Fig. 9, which is mounted upon the base-plate 20 and is provided with a pivoted armature 162, which is in electrical connection with the base-plate 20. The armature 162 is pivoted upon a rod 163, mounted in standards 164 165, (see Fig. 22,) rising from the base-plate 20, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 22.
166 167 indicate two metallic plates which are insulated from each other and from the base-plate 20, the plate 167 being adapted to be engaged by an arm 168, secured to the armature 162, when said armature is not attracted by the magnet 161, said armature being normally held away from the poles of said magnet 161 by means of a spring 169, arranged upon the rod 163, as shown in Fig. 22. When the magnet 161 is energized, the armature 162 will be attracted thereby, thereby disconnecting the arm 168 from the plate 167.
The right-hand contact point 138, upon which the circuit-closing arm 139 normally rests, which contact-point we have indicated by a, (see Fig. 9,) is connected to the switchboards 22 of all the other exchange-switches in the system by a wire 170, (see Fig. 9,) which wire is connected to the general and private contact-points upon such switchboards bearing the number of the exchange-switch from which said wire originated. The contact-point b, which is next in order. is connected by a wire 171 to one end of the coil of the magnet 92. The other end of such coil is connected by wires 1'72 and 173 to a battery 176, as shown in Fig. 9. The opposite pole of the battery 176 is connected by wires 177 and 179 to a plate 180, which is secured upon the plate 81 andlies over or opposite the contact-point 138, which is marked 6 in Fig. 9 and is the fifth in succession from the right-hand end of the series of contact-points. The wire 179 is also connected to plate 160. In Fig. 9 the plate 180 has been illustrated as having a contactpoint arranged opposite the contact-point 0. The wire 172 is also connected by wire 174 to one end of the coil of the magnet 127, as shown in Fig. 9, and by wires 181 182 183 184 to'one end of the coils of each of the magnets 117 63 74 53, respectively, as shown in Fig. 9;
185 indicates a wire which connects contactpoint 0, Fig. 9, to the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 63.
186 indicates a wire which connects con tactpoint (Z, Fig. 9, to the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 53. V
187 indicates a wire which connects the contact-point e to the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 117.
188 indicates a wire which connects contactpoint f, Fig. 9, to the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 127.
189 indicates a wire which connects contactpoint g to one end of the coil of the magnet 102.
190 indicates a wire which connects the wire 189 with a plate 191. which is insulated from the base-plate 20 and is so placed that when the armature 103 is attracted by the magnet 102 said armature or the rod 107, which is in electrical connection therewith, will strike the plate 191, making electrical connection therewith. The armature 103 is in electrical connection with the base-plate 20 by a wire 210. The arrangement of the plate 191 and armature 103 is shown in Figs. 1 and 9.
192 indicates a wire which connects the opposite end of the coil of the magnet 102 with the other end of the coil of the magnet 74.
The armature 158 is connected to the base plate 20 or wire 20.
194 indicates a wire connecting one end of the coil of the magnet 157 to plate 167.
193 indicates a wire which connects the armature 162 with the base-plate 20 or wire 20". hen not attracted by the magnet 161, the arm 168 of the armature 162 is in contact with the plate 167. r
195 indicates a wire which connects the plate 166 to a plate 196, placed opposite the armature 103 and on the opposite side from the magnet 102, as shown in Fig. 9.
197 indicates a second plate, which is placed opposite the plate 196, as shown in Fig. 9, both of which plates 196 197 are insulated from the base-plate 20. The arrangement is such that when the armature 103 is not attracted by its magnet 102 it will be in electrical contact with the plates 196 197.
198 indicates a wire which connects the plate 197 with one end of the coil of the magnet 142. 199 indicates a wire which connects the other end of the coil of the magnet 142 with a battery 202. 203 indicates a wire connecting the opposite pole of the battery 202 with a contact-point 206, which in practice (see Fig. 22) is carried by the arm 168, which is attached to the armature 162. The eontactpoint 206 is insulated from the arm 168 and is adapted to strike the plate 166 when the armature 162 is not attracted by the magnet 161.
207 indicates a ground-wire, one end of which is connected to a battery 208.
209 indicates a wire connecting the battery 208 to one end of the coil of the magnet 161.
214 indicates a wire which connects themagnet 161 to the substation-switchboard.
215 indicates a wire connecting the substation-switchboard to the base-plate 20.
The way in which the wires 214 215 are connected to the substationswitchboard will be hereinafter explained.
217 indicates a wire connecting the other end of the coil of the magnet 157 to the wire 209.
The connections of the contact-points 82 have been hereinbefore described. The circuit-closing arm 83, which moves over such contact-points 82, is in electrical connection with the base-board 20.
e will now describe the construction of the substation-SWitchboard and afterward the method of operating it to connect the operators instrument with any other in the system through his exchange-switch and will then explain further the method in which the different circuits in the exchange-switch are established.
218 indicates a substation-switchboard, the frame of which consists of an upper plate 219 and a lower plate 220, which are secured together by suitable posts 221, as shown in Figs. 12 and 14. The top plate 219 is made of some suitable non-conducting material and is provided upon its upper surface with a series of contact-points 222 223 224 225 226 227,
which are arranged in the circumference of a circle. The contact-points 222 225 226 227 are preferably circular; but the contactpoints 223 224 are segmental in shape and are arranged to project radially toward the center of the circle, as shown in Fig. 11.
228 229 230 indicate three contact-points arranged within the circle upon the top plate 219, as shown in Fig. 11. On the under side of the top plate 219 the contact-points 222 223 224 225 226 227 are electrically connected by a metallic band 231, as shown in Fig. 12. and the three contact-points 228 229 230 are connected on the under side of said top plate 219 by a metallic plate 232, as also shown in Fig. 12.
233 indicates a shaft which is mounted b'e tween the two plates 219 220 at the centerof the circle formed by the connecting-strap 231. The shaft 233 is in electrical connection with the lower plate 220 and carries above the top plate 219 two arms 234 235, which are insulated from each other, as shown in Fig. 14, the arm 234 being also insulated from the shaft 233. The arm 235 is in electrical connection with said shaft. The arm 234 is of suflicient length to rest upon the contact-points 222 223 224 225 226 227, so that by rotating the shaft 233 said arm may be moved into contact with any of said contact-points. The arm 235 is shorter and is adapted to be moved into contact with the contact-points 228 229 230, as shown. Both of the arms 234 235 are preferably made of spring metal and are arranged to bear upon the different contact-points sufliciently to secure a good contact. The shaft 233 is adapted to be rotated by means of a crank 236, which is mounted upon a shaft 237, journaled in suitable bearings 238, mounted upon the lower plate 220, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14.
Mounted upon the shaft 237 is a worm 239, which is adapted to engage a pinion 240, mounted upon the shaft 233, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14. By this arrangement by rotating the shaft 237 by means of the crank 236 the shaft 233 may be rotated.
241 indicates a flat spring which is secured upon the lower plate 220 and is adapted to rest upon a plate 242, which is mounted upon the shaft 237, as indicated by dotted lines in Figs. 13 and 14. The plate 242 is circular in shape except that one portion of its periphery is flattened, so that when the spring 241 rests upon said flattened portion of the plate 242 the crank 236 will be held stationary. The plate 242, pinion 240, and worm 239 are so arranged that when the crank 236 is rotated the spring 241 will rest upon the flattened portion of the plate 242 when the arm 234 rests upon the contact-point 222, when said arm is at a point between the contact- points 222 and 223, when said arm is between contact- points 223 and 224, when said arm is between contact- points 224 and 225, when said arm rests upon contact- points 226 and 227. hen the arm 234 rests upon contact-point 226, the arm 235 will rest upon contact-point 228, which is diametrically opposite contactpoint 226, as shown in Fig. 11. Also when the arm 234 rests upon contact-point 227 the arm 235 will rest upon contact-point 229, and when the arm 234 rests upon contactpoint 222 the arm 235 will rest upon contactpoint 230, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 11.
243 indicates a push-button which is fitted in a suitable perforation in the upper plate 219 and is connected at the under side of said plate to a spring-plate 244, which is secured to said plate 219.
245 indicates a metal pin which is secured to the lower plate 220 and projects upward, terminating near the spring-plate 244. The arrangement is such thatby pressing the pushbutton 243 the plate 244 will be moved into contact with the pin 245. (See Fig. 18.)
246 indicates a bar which is secured to the plate 219 and extends over the top of the shaft 233, which is supported by said bar 246, but is insulated from it.
247 indicates a spring which isconnected to the bar 246 and bears upon thecentral portion of the arm 234, so that as said arm 234 rotates it will always be in electrical connection with the bar 246.
The wire 214 is connected to the bar 246 at the under side of the plate 219, as shown in Fig. 14 and as indicated in Fig. 15. The wire 215, which is connected to the base-plate 20 of the exchange, is connected to the lower plate 220 of the substation-switch, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15.
248 indicates a wire which connects the ring 231 with a binding-post 249, to which is also connected the push-button plate 244, as shown in Figs. 12 and 15.
250 indicates the subscribers telephone.
251 indicates a wire leading from the telephone to the plate 232, as shown in Fig. 15.
252 indicates a second telephone-wire, which is grounded, 'as shown in Fig. 15'.
253 indicates a wire which connects the binding-post 249 to the wire 252, as shown in Fig; 15 1 \Ve will now describe the manner of connecting the subscribers telephone through his exchange-switch with any other telephone in the system. i
The normal position of the subscribers switchboard 218 is shown in Fig. 15, the arm 234 resting upon contact-point 222 and the arm 235 resting on contact-point 230. The circuit is normally open and is as follows: from the ground, over wire 252, through the operators telephone, thence over wire 251 to plate-232, thence through arm 235 to lower plate 220 of the substation-switchboard, thence over wire 215 to base-plate 20 or wire 20, thence through arm 139 to contact-point a of the exchange-switch, upon which said arm normally rests, thence over wire 170 to the other exchange-switches in the system. At.
the same time a closed circuit will be established from the ground, over wires 252, 253, and-248, to ring 231, thence to contact-point 222, thence through arm 234 to wire 214,
thence through electromagnet 161, back on wire 209, through battery 208 to the ground over wire 207. The magnet 161 will therefore be energized, and its armature 162 will be attracted by it, thereby holding its arm 168 out of contact with plate 167 and holding the contact-point 206 out of engagement with the plate 166. lVhen the apparatus is in this position, the subscriber may call up any other subscriber in the system, as connection may be made with his instrument by operating any of the other exchange-switches in the system.
If new the subscriber should desire to establish communication with telephone No. 356, by means of the crank 236 he would give the shaft 237 one complete revolution in such a direction as to cause the shaft 233 to rotate in the direction opposite to that in which the hands of a clock move. As soon as the arm 234 moves out of contact with the contactpoint 222 the circuit through the magnet 161 will be broken, demagnetizing said magnet, whereupon its armature 162 will be released, and, as has been hereinbefore described, the circuit will be closed bet-ween the contact-point 206 and plate 166 and also between the baseplate 20 an'd plate 167 through armature 162 and its arm 168. The result of this action I will be that a circuit will be established through magnet 142, the course of the current being from magnet 142, through wire 198, to plate 197, thence through armature 103 to plate 196, thence through wire 195 to plate 166, thence through pin 206 to wire 203, thence through local battery 202 and wire 199 back to the magnet 142. The magnet 142 will thereby be energized and, as above described, will operate to shift the 'arm'139 into contact with the adjacent contact-point b. The connections will now be as follows: from base 20 or wire 20 of the exchange, through arm 139, to the contact-point b, thence over wire 171 to electromagnet 92, thence over wires 172 and 173 to battery 176, thence over wires 17 7 and 179 to plate 160. The circuit will not be closed,- owing to the fact that the electromagnet 157 is not energized, and consequently the armature 158 will not be in contact with the plate 160. At this time the following connections will also exist: from the lower plate 220 of the substation -switchboard, over wire 215, to base-plate 20 or wire 20 of the exchange switch, thence through armature 162 and arm 168 (the arm 168 is not shown in Fig@ I net 157. will thereby be attracted, bringing the contact-arm 159 of the armature 158 (see Fig. 2) into contact with the plate 160, thereby connecting the wire 17 9 to the base-plate 20 and closing the circuit through electromagnet 92. The arm 83 will thereby be caused to move into contact with the next contact-point 82, and the operator will then be in a position to effect an electrical connection with contactpoints of an exchange-switchboard numbered from 100 to 199. In order to make connection with telephone No. 356, he would therefore press the push-button 243 three times, when the arm 83 of his exchange-switch would be moved into contact with the fourth contact-point 82 from the left, and the operator would then be in position to operate the circuit-closing devices of his exchange-switchboard the proper number of tens and units. The subscriber would now give the crank 236 an additional rotation, bringing the arm 234 to a point between contact- points 223 and 224. In moving to such point the arm 234 will move over contact-point 223 and will thereby momentarily close the circuit through electromagnet 161, the circuits being the same as those established when the arm 234 is in its normal position. The closing of the circuit through magnet 161 would cause it to attract its armature 162, thereby breaking the circuit through electromagnet 142 and releasing its armature 143. The pawl 146 would then move back and would be in position to engage the next succeeding tooth of the segmental rack-plate 147, when the mag net 142 will again be energized. This would be effected as soon as the arm 234 moves off the contact-point 223, and therefore the magnet 142 would again be automatically energized and the arm 139 would be moved, as before, the space of one tooth of the ratchetplate 147, bringing it into contact with the contact-point 0. The connections would then be as follows: from the base-plate 20 of the exchange-switch, through arm 139, to contactpoint 0, thence through wire 185 to electromagnet 63, thence over wires 182 172 173, battery 176, wires 177 179 to plate 160, when, as before, the circuit can be completed to the base-plate 20 by operating the push-button 243, andthereby energizing the magnet 157. As will be remembered, the electromagnet 63 operates the mechanism for moving the shaft 25 longitudinally of the switchboard 22 and each electrical impulse which passes through said magnet moves the circuit-closing pins in position to come into contact with the next row of ten contact-points. In order to move the contact-points in position to engage a contact-point in the fifties, the operator would operate his push-button five times, sending five impulses through the electromagnet 63 and moving the circuit-closing pins into posi tion over the sixth row of contact-points.
The armature 158 of said magnet The subscriber would now give his crank 236 another complete revolution, thereby moving the arm 234 to a point between contact- points 224 and 225, said arm moving across the surface of contact-point 224, as when said arm moved across contact-point 223 the circuit would again be closed through magnet 161 and the magnet 142 would again be cut out, as above described. As soon as the arm 234 moves off of contact-point 224 the magnet 161 would be cut out and magnet 142 accordingly cut in, as above described, thereby moving the arm 139 into contact with contact-point cl. Connections would thereby be made as follows: from the baseplate 20 and arm 139 to contact-point (Z, thence over wire 186 to electromagnet 53, thence over wires 184 172 17 3, battery 176, thence over wires 177 179 to plate 160. By then pressing the push-button 243 the circuit would be closed through magnet 157, closing the circuit to base 20 or wire 20 through armature 158 and energizing magnet 53, thereby moving the shaft 25 the space of one tooth of the ratchet-wheel 58. As hereinbefore described, the magnet 53 operates to move the circuit-closing pins units, and therefore by pressing the push-button 243 six times the circuit-closing arm would move opposite the sixth contact-point on the exchange-switch board. One of the circuit-closing pins 38 would now lie opposite the upper and lower contact-points of the exchange-switchboard numbered 356, the lower contact-point being connected by a general wire to the other exchange-switehboards and the. upper contactpoint being connected by a private wire to the other switchboards in the system. The method ofconnecting the private and general wires will be more fully hereinafter set forth. If the subscriber does not wish to usethe private wire, he now rotates the crank 236 again, thereby moving the arm 234 into contact with contact-point 226 and arm 235 into contact with contact-point 228. Before reaching contact-point 226, however, arm 234 passes over contact-point 225, thereby again closing the circuit momentarily through electromagnet 161 and cutting out magnet 142. The magnet 161 is immediately cut out when the arm 234 moves off contact-point 225, thereby again energizing magnet 142 and moving the arm 139 into contact with eontaet-pointeand plate 180. A closed circuit will thereby be established from contact-point a over wire 187 to magnet 117, thence over wires 181 174 172 173 to battery 176, thence over wires 177 179 to plate 180, and thence through arm 139 to contact-point The circuit will thereby be closed through magnet 117, which will be energized, and the cross-head 112 will be caused to tilt, moving the rear portions of the bars 32 33 34 35 36 downward into contact with the contact-points upon the lower plate 24 and the forward portions of said bars upward into contact with the upper plate 23.
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