US762218A - Valve. - Google Patents

Description

No. 762,218. PATENTED JUNE 7, 1904. J, G. WBSTBROOK.

VALVE.

APPLIUATION FILED 001210, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

' ZMM%%M UNITED STATES Patented June '7, 1904.

JAMES G. IVESTBROOK, OF OGDENSBURG, NEW YORK.

VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 762,218, dated June '7 1904.

Application filer. October 10, 1903. Serial No. 176,535. (No model.)

To [oi/Z whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES G. WnsTBEooK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ogdensburg, in the county of St. Lawrence and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in enginery, and particularly to valve mechanism especially adapted for controlling the admission of pressure ma reciprocating engine.

The object in View is the provision of means for controlling the admission of pressure alternately to the opposite ends of a reciprocating engine actuated initially by the charge entering the engine, and thus obviating the necessity for slide-valve -operating pitmen, levers, cams, or eccentrics.

In carrying outthe invention I contemplate employing, in combination with a reciprocating engine and pressure-supply means therefor, mechanism interposed in the path of the pressure supplied adapted to be actuated thereby for directing the pressure alternately to the opposite ends of such engine.

The invention consists in certain novel constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing the figure represents a longitudinal vertical central section taken through a reciprocating engine and valve-casing and illustrating valves embodying the features of the present invention.

Of course itwill be obvious that the greater the number of parts and the more complex the chain of levers, pitmen, and other inter:

acting elements employed for actuating a slide-valve the greater the liability of derangement, as well as of wear and breakage of the parts, and I contemplate avoiding the objectionable results suggested by the elements disclosed in the accompanying drawing, in which 1 indicates a suitable cylinder within which is arranged a reciprocating piston comprising a head 2 and piston-rod 3. Carried by the annular wall of the cylinder 1 are suitable valve-casings 4: 4, each provided with a comparatively large annular chamber 5 and a reduced annular chamber 6, extending from one end of the enlarged chamber, a port 7, communicating with the interior of the cylinder 1 and with each chamber 5 through the wall of said cylinder, a similar port 8, extending from each reduced chamber 6 to the interior of the cylinder 1. An annular groove 11 is provided in the wall of the reduced chamber 6 and communicates with port 8, an exhaust-port 9 leading from the chamber 6 beyond the groove 11 and extend ing outwardly therefrom. A supply-pipe 14 leads from any suitable source of fluidpres sure supply and communicates with each chamber through a passage 15, formed in the respective casing 4, said passage commnnicat ing atits inner end with a semi-annular groove 10, formed in the wall of chamber 5. At the point of juncture between the enlarged chamber 5 and the reduced chamber 6 the enlarged chamber is'formed with an annular shoulder 12, formed with an annular groove 12, with which communicates a by-pass 13, leading from passage 15.

Within each chamber 5 is arranged a piston-head 18, said head being connected by a pistonrod 17, said piston rod extending through the casings 4: and being surrounded by any suitable packing-glands 19 19 for preventing escape of pressure. The piston-rod 17 insures synchronous action of the heads 18 and parts carried thereby. A port 25 extends longitudinally within the piston-rod 17 and opens at one end when the parts are in one position within one chamber 5 and has its opposite end open to the atmosphere. A similar port 26 is arranged in the piston-rod 17 near the opposite end from that provided with port 25, the inner end of said port 26 being closed by the respective gland 19 and the outer end being closed by the opposite gland 19, as indicated in the drawing, when the piston is in the position for having the inner end of the port 25 opening into chamber 5. Each piston 18 carries an annular hollow valve 20, formed with an enlarged portion of the same diameter as the head 18 snugly fitting within the chamber 5 and a reduced portion of the same diameter as the chamber 6 snugly fitting therein. Suitable ports 21 are formed in the enlarged portion of each valve 20, spaced apart about the upper half of the valve, and similar ports 22 are formed in the reduced portion thereof at a distance from the ports 21 equal to the distance from groove 11 to groove 10, the ports 22 being arranged at intervals about the entire circumference of the reduced portion and all within the same vertical plane. The reduced portion of each valve 20 extends beyond the ports 22 at a distance equal to or slightly greater than the width of the exhaust 9. Each piston-head 18 is formed with a port 23, leading from chamber 5 to and communicating with a tube 24, which latter extends through the wall of the respective valve 20 at a point preferably within the transverse vertical plane of the ports 21.

In operation, assuming the parts to be in the position indicated in the drawing, pressure is supplied through both ofthe pipes 14 under the same head and enters the passage 10 of valve-casing 4 at the rear of the cylinder 1. The pressure will be admitted through ports 21 into the interior of valve 20 and through ports 22 and groove 11 to and through port 8'into the interior of the cylinder against the head 2. The head 2 moving forwardly under the pressure admitted will eventually expose port 7 at the forward end of the cylinder, whereupon the pressure will be admitted through said port through pipe 24: and port 23 to the rear of the forward pistonhead 18. It will be observed that the pressure admitted through the by-passes 13 will equalize and permit movement of the valves 20, although cushioning such movement, and when such pressure is admitted to the rear of the forward piston 18 said piston will be thrown forwardly, the port 25 having released the pressure within the rear chamber 5, whereby the valve 20 in the forward casing 4 is left free to be thrown forwardly to its seat. Just as the forward valve 20 is seated the outer end of port 26 is opened to the atmosphere and the inner end thereof enters the forward chamber 5, whereby the pressure in the rear of forward piston-head 18 is released and the valves left free for a return thrust. This seating of the forward valve 20 will necessarily unseat the rear valve and open the exhaust 9, permitting the discharge of the spent pressure within the cylinder 1. This movement of the valves occurs while the piston 2 is standing between the port 7 in the front end of the cylinder and its corresponding port 8, and as soon as the forward valve 20 is seated pressure will be admitted into cylinder 1 in the rear of piston-head 2, causing the same to travel rearwardly and open port 7 at the rear end of the cylinder 1, whereby the above-described operation with reference to the valves will be repeated.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a cylinder and a piston operating therein, of ports for supplying pressure to the opposite ends of said cylinder, valves controlling the admission of pressure through said ports, a piston-rod connecting said valves, casings inclosing said valves and spaced apart, ports being formed in said valve piston-rod for establishing communication between the interior of the respective casings and the atmosphere, passages being formed in the wall of said cylinder communicating with the respective valve-casings,

and a port in each of said valves adapted to establish communication between the end of said valve-casing and the corresponding passage in the wall of said cylinder, when the respective port in the said valve piston-rod is closed.

2. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a cylinder formed with a plurality of passages in its walls at each end and a piston within said cylinder adapted to move longitudinally thereof to points between said passages, of means of supplying pressure to the outermost of said passages, valves controlling said pressure, valve-casings inclosing said valves, a piston-rod connecting said valves formed with ports adapted to alternately communicate with the respective valve-casings, and ports carried by said valves designed to be brought into register with the innermost of the passages in the walls of said cylinder for establishing communication between the interior of the cylinder and the interior of the respective valve-casing, when a given port of the said valve piston-rod is not in communication therewith.

3. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a reciprocating engine and valve-casings carried thereby, of a pistonhead within each of said casings, a piston-rod connecting said heads, each head being formed with a port, a hollow valve carried by each of said heads and formed with apertures spaced apart longitudinally of the valve, a pressuresupply passage being formed in each casing and adapted to register with some of said apertures when the respective valve is in its seat, a port communicating with the interior of said engine adapted to register with the other of said apertures when the valve is seated, a port being formed through the wall of said engine for each of said piston-ports, and means for establishing communication between said piston-ports and the ports in the wall of the engine.

L. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a reciprocating engine and valve casings carried by the cylinder thereof, each of said casings being formed with a comparatively large chamber and a comparatively small chamber extending therefrom, a port being formed in and extending through the wall of said cylinderand communicating with each comparatively large chamber, a similar port spaced from each of the first-mentioned ports and communicating with each of the said comparatively small chambers, a valve formed with an enlarged and a reduced portion fitting snugly within said enlarged and reduced chambers respectively, each valvecasing being formed with a supply-passage, an annular groove extending about the end of the comparatively large chamber at one end thereof, a port communicating between said passage and groove, and an exhaust-port eX- tending from each of said comparatively small chambers, each of said valves being hollow and formed with ports spaced apart a distance equal to the distance between the vertical planes of the pressure-supply passage and the port communicating from the cylinder with the comparatively small chamber, a piston-rod connecting said valves and formed with a port near each end adapted, at times, to establish communication between one end of its respective comparatively large chamber and the atmosphere, and means for alternately establishing communication between the ports extending from the interior of the cylinder to the comparatively large chambers and such chambers.

5. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with a reciprocating engine and valve-casings carried thereby, of a pistonhead in each of said casings, a piston-rod connecting said heads, a hollow valve carried by each of said heads, said valve having relatively large and small portions,with apertures therein spaced apart longitudinally, a port being formed in each of said heads, a tube communicating with each of said ports and extending through the wall of the respective valve, a port being formed in the cylinder of said engine for each of said tubes and positioned to register, at times, with the end of the respective tube, and means for introducing pressure through said valves into said cylinder.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES G. VVESTBROOK.

Witnesses:

J. E. MULLIGAN, S. P. CLARK.

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