US760651A - Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial stone. - Google Patents

Description

No. 760,651. 'PATENTED 111M524, 1904.

kW. SCHWARZ. I APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURED-P ARTIFICIAL STONE."

APPLIOATION III I;D. FEB. 14, 1902.

10 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

APPARATUS FOR no MODEL.

ZSHEETS-QHEBTZ.

.UNITE-D STATES? Patented May 24, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ASSIGNMENTS, TO SOHWARZ .TION OF NEW YORK.

SYSTEM BRICK COMPANY, A CORPORA- APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE. I

v SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 760,651, dated May 24, 1904.

Application filed February 14, 1902. SBrialNO. 94,110- lNo model.)

To all whom, it may concern} 1 Be it known that I, WILHELM SoHwARz, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at No. 46

Weinberg street, Zurich, Switzerland, have invented a new and Improved Apparatus for theManufacture of Artificial Stone, of which the following is aspecification. I

' This invention relates to improvements in mechanical constructions of that class availed of in the operation of manufacturing stonelike products, particularly artificial sandstone, the samebeing appropriately designated .Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial stone.

The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus of the character above indicated which" shall be simple and inexpensive as regards construction, durable, eflicient, and reliable in operation, convenient in its application to practical purposes, and which shall possess certain well-defined advantages over prior analogous constructions.

of certain parts novel as to form, in the novel disposition and relative arrangement of the various parts thereof, in certain combinations of the latter, and in certain details of construction, all of which will be specifically referred to hereinafter, and set forth in appendedclaims. 3 The invention is clearly illustrated in'the accompanying drawings, wherein similar ref erence characters denotecorresponding parts throughout the several views, and=as to said drawings- Figure 1 is a plan view of an'apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section along their regular line a a of Fig. 3, a segment of the dome of the main tank being taken away. 4 Fig. 3 is an elevation of the front end of the apparatus. Fig. 4-. is an elevation of the rear end of the apparatus, a segment of the wall of the main tank and of the jacket conjoined with said-tank being broken away to better disclose the interior construction. Fig. 5 is a detail view showing in elevation certain elements employed for imparting power and motion to the mixer or mixers disposed within the main tank of my improved apparatus.

4 5 mining the latter. The invention consists in the employment.

Fig. 6 is a detail View showing in elevation a form of valve wh1ch I purpose making use of 1n connection w1th my lmproved apparatus;

A silicate, as sand and lime, oran analogous.

I and accurately the degree or quantity of such Heretofore it has been the practice to well. commingle or mix the normal sand and the lime in a suitable receptacle and thereafter admit to the presence of suchcommingled sand and lime a degree or quantity of moisture (ordinarily in the form of steam or water) in addition to that contained in the @undried sand and without previously deter- Under such conditions one moisture.

is powerless to predetermine that degree or quantity of additional moisture best adapted I to insure the most satisfactory results in the finished product, as the total moisture-that .being chemically orin a sense mechanically is, the latent moisture of the sand and-the than suflicient for the purpose specified.

'While, a serviceable finished product may be obtained where the foregoing mode of procedure that involving the use of sand, lime, and an indefinite though approximately correct' degree or quantity of total moisture is adopted in order to insure the mostsatisfactory qualities in the finished product, it is essential, that the latent'moisture ,of the sand degree of latent moisture contained in normal sand also operates detrimentally to the correct proportioning of the sand and lime. Treatment of the sand for the extraction and removal of the latent moisture therefrom The' uncertainty as to the I is most advantageously effected in vacuum by the application of heat while commingling the sand and lime, the predetermined quantity of moisture aforenamed being availed of at or about the close of such commingling operation. and the apparatus whereby I accomplish these results will now be described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

The main tank a may be of any appropriate general contour and formed from any suitable material, as sheet metal, boiler-iron, or the like. The same rests on a base at, here shown as being hollow, and said tank is therefore stationary. It is provided at its crown with a charging opening surrounded by an opentop dome c, by way of which dome and opening charging of said tank, as well as access to the interior thereof for any desired purpose, may be effected.

When the apparatus is required for service, dome 0 should be closed, and to this end cover 6 is provided.

0? represents a vacuum-pipe, the same be ing here shown as communicating with the interior of tank a by way of the dome c. This pipe (Z is intended to lead from avacuumgenerator of any well-known and approved type and is provided with a controlling-valve I).

There is connected with the tank a a jacket or shell e, whereby a space 0', extending along the opposite sides and ends and partially along the bottom of said tank, is formed, such space being for the reception of a heating medium, as steam, hot air, or the like, and said heating medium being supplied to .space a by means of a pipe f, the latter having a controlling-valve f and leading from any appropriate generator of the heating medium availed of.

Space 0 may be relieved of any water of condensation accumulating therein in the practical operation of the apparatus by means of pipe 9, which is provided with a controlling-valve g.

It will be seen that heat may be applied to the tank a and at the same time the air exhausted therefrom by properly adjusting valves 5 f.

The vacuum created in tank a in the practical operation of the apparatus tends to hold cover I) firmly to a seating engagement with the dome c, and to promptly destroy this vacuum and accordingly counteract its tendency as regards cover 7) the air-inlet pipe it is provided, such pipe communicating with the interior of tank a and being provided with a controlling-valve it.

At that portion of the bottom of tank a unoccupied by the space a a suitable opening is formed, by way of which the contents of said tank may be discharged, and for controlling said opening a suitable cover, such as it, is provided.

As hereinbefore stated, the moisture availed of other than the latent moisture of the sand (which is preferably, however, previously extracted) may be either in the liquid form or in the form of steam, depending on the character of the lime and sand to be treated, and in order to properly admit said moisture to the tank in regulated qualities 1 use one or more sprayers 0, arranged horizontally in and lengthwise of the tank at the upper portion thereof, as shown in Fig. 2. I show two of these spray-pipes; but] may use only one, or a plurality of them, as I desire or as required by the size of the tank and the necessity of wetting or moistening every part of the material.

In the drawings, a f indicate pipes which connect the sprayers c with sources of steam or water supply, the passage of steam or water in through each pipe being regulated by valves 9 0'. By reason of these sprayers and their connections. water may be admitted to it to slake the lime, and steam to moisten the compound, either or both as desired and the conditions of work make necessary.

Pipe 6 is controlled by a valve and pipe f by a valve 1/, said valves being respectively utilized by the operator in regulating the admission of either of the moisture elements aforenamed into the tank a.

Vithin the tank (01 arrange a bladed mixer 7?, supported at its opposite ends. Spccilicall y the mixer 2' has a journal 5 at one end thereof, which journal turns in the closed bearing 2', and at its opposite end a journal j, which turns in the bushing 7", arranged within the socket j. The journal j extends outwardly beyond the adjacent wall of the tank (I to receive a gear-wheel Z", whereby power and motion may be imparted to said extended journal and accordingly to said mixer i.

It will be understood that a plurality of mixers, such as 71, may be employed within the tank a, and accordinglyl have illustrated in the accompanying drawings a bladed mixer if? in addition to the mixer vi. The mixer Zr has at one end thereof a journal 2", which corresponds with the journal '1 and turns in the closed bearing Zr, and at the opposite end thereof a journal Z, which turns in a bushing Z, arranged within the socket Z, the bushing and socket last named corresponding in construction and relative arrangement with the bushing j and socket 1", respectively.

The journal Z is extended outwardly beyond the adjacent wall of tank a to receive a gearwheel m, whereby power and motion may be imparted to said extended journal and accordingly to the mixer 7;.

Mixer 7c coincides in form and construction with the mixer 2', and where a pair of mixers journaled and disposed substantially as herein set forth are employed gears Z" and m may be adjusted in a manner to mesh each with the other, so that power and motion may be simultaneously applied to the respective mixers 71 Z? or transmitted from one to the other upon with the heat made use of, the speedy extrac-,,

tion and removal of the'latent moisture from the sand in the first instance and in the second instance the most favorable conditions under which may take place the mixing of the ma terials contained in tanka and by reason of atmospheric tendencies being excluded the complete chemical reaction, which results in the formation of silicate of lime instead of carbonate of lime or mortar. Further, under such conditions the plasticity of the commingled massis such that the mass may be taken from the apparatus and immediately Worked into the required forms, as by means of molds or the like, and a marked uniformity in quality and strength invariably and irrespective of weather conditions characterizes the finished products.

Tank a is provided with a valve A, which may be employed in place of the inlet-pipe It for admitting air to tank (a or liberating from said tank gases or vapors generated therein, said Valve being shown as arranged in conjunction with a pipe A. Connections of any appropriate character, as the weighted lever A, bell-crank A and chain A may be employed for adapting said valve to be operated either automatically or by manual effort.

The mixers 11 7c operate each in opposition to the other, thus insuring a thorough commingling of the materials affected thereby.

Any suitable device maybe employed for indicating the temperature of the heating medium introduced into space 6', as that denoted by the character B. p v

In operation the moist silicious material having been introduced into tank a cover 6 is adjusted to dome 0, and a partial vacuum being created heat is applied to tank a and said material contained therein, as hereinbefore set forth. Then power and motion are imparted to the mixer or m xers arranged for movement within tank a, these conditions being maintained for a period of time sufficient to insure the complete extraction and removal of the latent moisture from said silicious material, whereupon valve 5 is closed, air is admitted to the tank a by way of valveAor pipe 7, cover I) removed, and the lime or analogous product is introduced to tank a to-be commingled with the dry silicious material contained therein. Then cover?) having been replaced the conditions above named are reinstated, and the commingling operation proceeds fora period of time sufficient to insure a thorough mixing or commingling of the'lime and silicious material in tank a, whereupon a predetermined degree or quantity of moisture is admitted to the presence of the commingled lime and silicious ma' 3 teria'l by way of the moisture inlet or inlets aforenamed of the apparatus, such moisture being availed of for the specified.

It will be seen that my improved apparatus is particularly well adapted for the accomplishment of the results herein set forth and, further, that the same may be modified to some extent without materially departing purposes hereinbefore v from the spirit and principle of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a combined drying and mixing apparatus for the manufacture of artificial stone, a stationary main tank, a rotatable shaft therein, having mixing-blades, mechanism for ro- 'tating said shaft, a heating-jacket partly surrounding said vacuum-tank, valves for the admission of a heating medium to said jacket, a valve controlled vacuum pipe leading from said main pipe to a vacuum-producer, whereby a vacuum may be produced in said tank simultaneously with its being heated, means for closing said tank against the admission of outside air, a fluid-inlet pipe for the admission of fluid to the contents of the tank, a sprayerpipe connected to said inlet-pipe, a valve for closing said fluid-inlet, a valve-controlled airinlet pipe for breaking the vacuum in said tank, an outlet provided with a safety-valve, for permitting the escape of vapor generated in the tank, ports for the charging and dis charging of the contents of the tank, and covers for said ports, substantially as described.

2. In a combined drying, mixing andslaking apparatus for the manufacture of artificial stone, a stationary main tank, a rotatable shaft therein having mixing-blad es, a heatingjacket partly surrounding said tank, valves .for the admission of a heating medium to said ICC jacket,- a valve-controlled vacuum-pipe leading from said tank to 'a vacuum-producer whereby a vacuum may be produced in said tank simultaneously with its being heated, means for closing said tank against the admission of outside air, inlet-pipes, sprayers connected to said inlet-pipes, means for admitting either steam or water to said pipes and thence to the contents of the tank, a valve for closing said fluid-inlet, a valvecontrolled air-inlet pipe for breaking the vacuum in said tank and ports for charging and discharging the contents of the tank with'covers for the same, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto setmy hand in presence of two witnesses.

VVILHELM SCHWARZ, Witnesses:

LEO FRIEDMANN, A. LIEBERKNEOHT.

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