US756762A - Ventilator. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED APR. 5, 1904.

L. M. WOOD. VENTILATOR. APPLICATION FILED APR. 21, 1902.

vizt' UNITED STATES Patented A rils, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS M. woon, or TOPEKA, Kansas.

VENTILATOR.

srncrrrcarr ori forming part of Letters Patent 110.756,?62, dated A ril 5, 1904.

' Application filed .April 21, 1902. Serial a 104,001., on model.)

To allwhom it may concern.- v

I Be it known that I, Louis M. W001), a citi zen of the United States, residing at Topeka, in the county of Shawnee and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilators, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to that class of ventilators known as revolving ventilators, and particularly to ventilators having arevolving portion which may be mounted at the top of an air-shaft or chimney to revolve thereon in conformity with the direction of the wind and having an air or draft passage communicating with the upright air-shaft upon which such revolving portion is mounted,

It relates, further, to the means employed for mounting the revolving portion upon and incommunicatioh with the air-shaft or rigid portion.

. It relates, further, to the relative size and shape of the inlet and outlet openings in the revolving hood portion and to the means for dividing the main draft-passage into a plurality of passages and compressing the air admitted and permitting its expansion within the ventilating or main draft passage.

I 'It relates, further, to the position and shape.

of the air-compressing means with relation to the air-shaft passage and to the revolving air or main draft passage, whereby such air-compressing means is enabled to perform its functions without materially obstructing either of such passages or injuriously affecting the connections therebetween.

It relates, further, to the combination of the above elements in the manner herein shown,described, and claimed whereby a simple, economical, and efficient ventilator is formed having a hood or cowl portion provided with a main draft-passage adapted to revolve in con formity with thedirection of the wind and provided with means for compressing an air which enters the inlet-opening and permitting such air to expand within the main draft-passage and dividing such passage into a plurality of passages of the desired shape and length, whereby the action of the wind is so controlled and modified within the passage as to produce an artificial draft.

vide such ventilator with means for compressing the air admitted thereto at desired points and permitting its expansion while in the main draft-passage, so as to produce an ar' .tifieial current or draft in the air-shaft, or 'chimneyr A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the expansion of the air will be caused to take .place at different de- 'sired points in the ventilating-passage by dividing the main draft-passage into separate passages of various lengths and of the desired conformation, thus also producing currents of different density and volume flowing. in the direction of the outlet-opening and so proportioned and located as to cause the desired artificial draft and the minimum of eddying currents within such passage. i Y

The invention consists in the features, com binations, and details of construction herein after described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side, elevation of my'improved ventilator;

Fig. 2, an end elevation looking from the wind; Fig. 3, a vertical sectional view taken on line 3 of Fig; 2 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 4 a detail of the roller-bearing on which the ventilating-cowl revolves; Fig. 5, a vertical sectional detail view of suchrollerbearing mechanism; Fig. 6, an end elevation of the ventilator looking oppositely to Fig. 2 and toward the wind, and Fig. 7 a detail plan view of the open-work base inwhich the bottom of the vertical cowl-supporting shaft is pivotally mounted.

In constructing a ventilator in accordance with my improvements I provide an upright. cylindrical air-shaft portion a of the desired dimensions. which forms the top of the main air-shaft, to which it may be attached or of the top of the air-shaft which itmay bemade an integral part. Above this cylindrical air-shaft portion 1s 'mounteda cowl 6, having a downwardly-extending cylindrical lower portion 0, which is termed the neck, preferably of the same diameter as and having a bottom rim or hood portion (1 overlapping the upper edge of the air-shaft and fittingas closely the passage of air therethrough at an angle In order to enable the with the air-shaft.

. cowl to revolve so as to present the inlete of the cowl, through which it extends.

opening to the wind at all times, .I provide a vertical sustaining-shaft h, fastened at the tep T 1e lower end of this shaft'is pivotallymounted in an open-work, base 2,, having a central opening 1', into which the end of-the shaft is loosely 25 inserted. This base is provided with integral outwardly-extending arms in, rigldly fastened 'to the inner wall of the air-shaft by means of nut-and-bolt mechanism in any ordinaryfand well-known manner. To facilitate the rotation of the cowl and hold it rigidly'upright,

- thesustaining-shaft above described is made to extend downward into the air-shaft a considerable distance beyond the bottom of the cowl, as shown, and is rigidly fastened to the top of the cowl at the point Z and again to the bottom of the cowl y meansof a central basebase-plate'p, having an annular slot the upper surface thereof adapted to contain and plate'o and outwardly-extending arms-n. v To insure the desired perpendicular rigid:

ity-ne'cessary to withstand the force of, severe winds and sustain'the weight ofthe cow] in an eflicientma'nner, while permitting itseasy rotation under all conditions, I provide .a rigid hold inoperative position antifriction-balls 7*,

which plate 'I rigidly mount adjacent to and immediately beneath the revolving base-plate o of the cow] by means of arms 8, which are rigidly fastened to such ball-bearing plate and extend outwardly and downwardly to the inner wall of the stationary'air-shaft portion,

to which they are fastened by means of boltand-nut mechanism in any ordinary and well- .known manner.

-In order to shaft, 1' provide a diaphragm t, which is.ar-- ranged to extendfrom the bottom of the in-,

increase the draft i-n the airlet-opening'in the revolving portion of the :ventilator upward and inward at an angle to a point preferably beyond the center of. the

air-shaft and. centrally ofthe horizontal airpassage, leaving the upper half of the elbow or head portion the main draft-passage. funnel-shaped portions u I then mount two and o in the inlet- -make oblong in cross-section,-as

The cowl is pro- 'fording a open from end to end to form funnels and the top of the hood and in the di opening,with their small ends extending in ward past the end-of the diaphragm towa rd;

shown in Fig '3. These funnels I-p're'ferto shown, and mount them so that they extend diaphragm and beyond its inner end, the upper central portion and the entire rear por- -tions thereof'being above the diaphragm and held in place partly by means of the diaphragm through which they extend. A brace w is riveted to eachv funliel' and extends upward to the top of the hood, to .which it is fastened by means of rivets in any ordinary and well-known manner. By this arrangement the funnels form dividing-walls which separate the main draft-passage into distinct passages, forming currents of diiferent density, which converge within the main draftpassage at the desired points to produce the draft efl'ects' sought. J

In order to enable the cowl to be readily turned by light winds, so as to present the in let-opening in the desired direction, a vaiiey is'if'nounted upon the elbow portionextending tl1ereof, 'and the elbow in line with the axis or hood is made to extend outwardly beyond the side of the neck portion on the side which is intended to form the outlet-opening.

By this'arrangement it will be readily seen that the diaphragm, extending upward atan angle, diminishes the main draft-passage at the desired point to permit the air to escape from the vertical air-shaft practicallywithout an interruption, while at the same time extending upwardly and inwardly, as it does,

passage it causes the incoming air to be com pressed. Upon leaving the edge of the diaphragm the air' as it proceeds in the direction through the from the inlet-opening of the the'main draftof the outlet-opening is permitted to expand and flow rapidly and unreservedly toward such outlet-opening, thusproducing the desired draft.- ge

ends at the inlet-opening and their inner en'ds beyond the upper edge of'the diaphragm operate in a similar manner torompress the air which passes through them, permitting it also to expand within the horizontal or main draftpassage and unite with the air which passes over the edge of the diaphragm in forming the draft in the main draft-passage and indirectly'in the air-shaft. It is desirable that the eddies which would result from the clos- The two-funnel portions being aras described, with their expanded mg of the spacebetween the funnels and the outer wall of the elbow be prevented from v In order to accomplish this purpose and freely admit the air therethrough, as above forming.

described, such space is left entirely open, af-

free passage for theair between the rection of the outer opening. To preventthe by a too acute contact with the current from the air-shaft, the lower edge of the outlet ends of each of such funnels forms an outwardly etc and downwardly extending flange or lip .2,

Figs. 3 and 6, which in combination with the elements above described causes the airfrom the funnels'to unite with that from the airshaft and also .with that passing over the funnels while all of theicurrents are proceeding in practically identical directions, thus afford ing the greatest possible speed of current and the minimum of eddies and producing an effective draft under all conditions.

I claim-A 1. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotatable cowl provided with a main draft-passage extending entirely therethrough in a horizontal direction and having unobstructed open ends and a vertical downwardly-extending neck portion forming an air-passage communicating at-its' upper end with said. main draft-passage, and a plurality of open-ended funnels arranged in the main draft-passage longitudinally thereof with the enlarged endsof the funnels adjacent to the inletend of said passage, said funnels being disposed side by side and surrounded by the main draft-passage.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotatable cowl provided with a main draft-passage extending entirelytherethrough in ahorizontal direction and having unobstructed open ends and a ver-- tical downwardly extending neck portion forming an air-passage communicating at its upper end with said main draft-passage, a plurality of open-ended funnels arranged in the main draftpassage longitudinally thereof with the enlarged ends of the funnels adjacent to the inlet end of said passage, said funnels being disposed side by side and surrounded by the main draft-passage, andan upwardly'and inwardly inclined wall dividing the inlet end of the main'draft-passage from the vertical air-passage, said wall embracing thelower portions of the funnels,

'3. In an apparatus of the character do scribed,.the combination of a rotatable cowl provided with a main draft-passage extending entirely therethrough in a horizontal direction and avertical downwardly extending neck portion forming" an air-passage communicatscribed, the combination of a stationary airshaft, a rotatable cowl therein, said cowl having a vertically-disposed neck registering with the upper end of the stationary air-shaft, and

an antifriction-bearing for the cowlcomprising a centrally-arranged base-plate in the neck portion thereof located somewhat above the lower end thereof, upwardly and inwardly inclined braces for said plate, a correspondinglydisposed'bearing-plate'also arranged withinthe neck of the cowl, similarly-arranged braces for said bearing-plate securing the same to the air-shaft, and balls between the base and bearing plates.

' LOUIS M. WOOD Witnesses:

ARCHIE M. BAI'RD, I. 0. GRANT.

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