US756720A - Wireless signaling system. - Google Patents

Description

in 10mm.

I I PATENTED APR. 5, 1904.' H. SHOEMAKEIL WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1903.

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-. I attenua- UNITED STATES Patented April 5, 190.

PATENT OFFICE.

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR .TO

PEN SYLVANIA.

WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 758,720, dated April 5, 1904. Application filed June 25, I903. Seriel11o1' 162,998- (K model.)

To al whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY Snonmxnn, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Phila radiant form transmitted through the natural -rnedia.

My invention lmpresslng the electroradiant energy representing a signal or message 'upon'the natural; I

med a.

1 .'My invention consists in deriving high-fiequency oscillations from a source of high-potential direct current and impressing upon the I natural media the electroradiant energy de rived from the high-frequency oscillations.

My invention consists in supplying to a freely-oscillating circuit direct-current energy I and employing the energy of the highfrep guency oscillations resulting in the oscillating I 5 ircuit for any purpose whatsoever.

'; Here'tofore in wireless signaling 11? has been l the practice to impress upon'a freely-oscillat-I g ng circuit a high-potential alternatingcur- 'l'rent, such alternating current being derived high-potential direct current isemploye d, the" from step-up transformers and kindred appa ratus. By my systermhoweyer, a source oi result being greater persistency. of the oscillai tions'in the freely-oscillating circuit, because said circuit isconstant and not fluctuating, as;- 1D the/case of an alternating-current supply.

the potential existing across the terminals of Referring'jto the accompanying drawings,

" Figure 1; is a diagrammatic view of the cir cuits of a transmitter involvlng my invention.

Fig. 2 i313. diagrammat c view or modified -=*rorml r transmitter in which a plurality of banks of storage cell's are employed as the source of'high-potential direct current.

v .of dynamoelectric generators of the direct A current type, whose field-windings are repre- At 1, 3,- and 5 are represented the armatures sented at 2, t, and 6, respectively. Ties'e generators are wound the transmission of' consists of an apparatus for order that the magnetizing generators are the high inductances 9 and for high potential-- I that is, with the usual field strength and with the usual speed of rotation the armatures pro: duce a very high electromotive force in virtue of a very great number of 'convolutions or turns upon. each armature. The field-winds ings are here shown in series with-each other,' a source of energy 7 and an operators key 8. I prefer to wind the fields with relatively few turns of conductor in order to induction of the fieldcircuit 5 in order that the fieldmagnetism may build up quickly and promptly upon each ,closure of the key 8.

.Whcn employing a relatively small number of turns upon each fildwinding, the field. conductor is made relatively large and a relatively large current passed; through them in ficiently great.

In circuit with communicating with the spark-gap 11.

reduce the se] fforce'may'be sufthe several armaturesof the shunt to the spark-gap 11 are the condenser 12 and inductance 13... In shunt to-s'aid in; ductanc e 13 is connected, the radiating circuit or conductor comprising the'aerial conductor A and the earth connection E.

The method of operation is-as eral generators are excited-f and 2 there is im- -mediately impressed upon the spark-gap 11 a very high potential. The. condenser 12 is charged to a high potential, and when said potential reaches a. critical point the; sparkfollows: At each closure of: the key 8 the fields of the sevgap 11 breaks down and there are set up in, the circuit 12,13, and 11 high-frequency oscil- ,lations, the frequency depending upon the capacity inductance, and resistance of the-circuit 11 12 13, as is well understood inithis art- The effect ofthese high-frequency oscillations is 'tocause surgings of charge at an; equivalen'tly, high. rate in the aerial. conductor A, resulting inthe production of electrorafiiant energy in the usual way. It is thus seer? that condenser 12 is continuously charged too. high potential by the direct-current source, and it is impossible, therefore, to obtain practically continuous high-frequency oscillations in the freely-oscillating circuit. Relatively great inductance's-Q and. 10 preto prevent arcing.

-.,ends in insulated hearings on the member 24.

blades cooperating with contacts 25, 27, 29,

51,-and 48 and i9 are bridged by 50, thus acances 54 and 55.

vent any fluctuation in the direct-current circuit and'also prevent any higlrfrequency oscillations from dissipating themselves in the direct-current circuit.

The usual blow-out magnet or air'blast may be employed at the spark-gap 11 to prevent a direct-current are across such gap.

In Fig. 2, 14 and 15 are the supply-conductors of a. low-potential direct-current circuit, which continue through the double-pole switch 16 to the conducting-shafts 21 and 20, res )ccti\-'0ly. These shafts hear at their lower 18and 1 9 are cranks of insulating material secured to the shafts 21 and 20. These cranks are'connected together at their pins by'the bar 16, carrying the handle 17. By means of the handle 17 the shafts 20 and 21 may be rotated. The shafts 20 and 21 carry the metallic cylinder portions 22 and 23, respectively. On the member 22 are carried several switchblades, which-may pass between and through the jaws of the contacts 33, 34, 35, and 36. Similarly member 23 carries several switchand 31. In the position shown current is passing through these switclrblades and contacts, so that the banks of storage batteries 37, 38, 39, and are being charged in parallel from the conductors 14 and 15. When it is desired to discharge the storage-cells in series for the purpose.- of obtaining a high potential, the switch 16 is opened and the members 22 and 23 rotated. through a half-revoliition bythe handle 17. In this case contact is broken at 34, 35, and 36 and established between the con tact 33 and the switch-blade 5. Likewise contact is broken between the switch-blades heretofore referred to and the contacts 25, 27 29, and 31. Bridge-piece 41, however, engages and bridges contacts 26 and 27 42 bridges 28 and '29, and 43 bridges 30 and 31,- and the switch-blade a. engages contact 25. The result is that all the storagecells are thrown into series and the terminals are at (t and I). The switch-blades (t and I; are insulated from members 23 and 22, respectively, and bridging members 41, 42, and 43 are insulated from member 23. From the terminals c and lithe conductors 44 and 45 lead to the key-contac vts 46 and 48, respectively. The operators key is shown at 53 and carries an insulating member 52. Secured to are two bridging contacts and 51. Upon a'dcprcssion' oi the key, contacts 46 and 4.7 are bridged by contact cording to communication between the high potentialbattery and the freely-oscillating circuit 56 57 58 through the great induct- As shown, the key-contacts are immerscdin oil or other medium tending The inductanccs 5i and and the freelyoscillating circuit 56, 5 l, and 58 are similar to the arrangement described 1n connection with i Fig. 1, 56 being the spark-gap, 57 the condenser, and 58 the inductance, to which .are connected the aerial conductor A and a connection to earth-plate 1].

Though I have shown in Fig. 1 but three generators, it is to be understood that a greater oricss number may be employed, if desired, and the field-windings may be connectcd in parallel with each other or in any other manner instead or in series, as shown. It is tobe further understood that in place of the precise arrangement of circuits shown there maybe used a high-potential source of direct current in connection with the freelyoscillating circuit and the energy of the frcely-oscillating circuit may be impressed upon the radiating circuit or conductor through inductive means in place of conductive means, as shown.

I-Vhat I claim is- 1. In a transmitter, a source of direct current, a freely-oscillating circuit supplied thereby, large inductance-coils between the said source of direct current and said freelyoscillating circuit, nd means for impressing the energy of the dsc'illating circuit upon a radiating circuit or conductor.

2. In a transmitter, a source of highpotential direct current, a freely-oscillating circuit supplied thereby, large inductance-coils between the said source of direct current and said freely-oscillating circuit, means for con- -'trolling the direct current by and in accordance with'thc signal to be sent, and means'forimpressing the energy derived from the freelyoscillating circuit upon the natural media.

3. In a transmitter, a source of high-poten tial direct current, a freely-oscillating circuit supplied thereby, large inductance-coils'= between said source of current and said freelyoseillating circuit,means for impressing the energyof the oscillating circuit upon a radiating circuit and a key for said source of direct current.

4:. In a transmitter, a source of: high-potentialdireet current, a freely-oscillating circuit supplied thereby, largeindutance-coils.be-

tween said source of current andsaid freelyoseillating circuit, means for impressing the energy of the oscillating circuit upon a radiating circuit and a key with contacts in oil for said source of direct current.

l'n atransmitter, adircctcurreritcircuit,

a plurality of banks of storage bat'teries,

I te'ries upon a freely-oscillating circuit and means for 1m pressing the energy of saidfreelyoscillatmg circuit upon a radiating clreuit.

6. In a transmitter, a freely-oscillating e1rcuit containingan inductance-coil, a radiating conductor connected to the terminals of said coil, and means for charging a plurality of banks of storage batteries in parallel-and for connecting them in series with said oscillating circuit.

7. In a transmitter, a plurality of banks of storage battcries,con tacts for each bank of batteries, two conducting-bars carrying switchblades, means for rotating said bars so to connect said banks of batteries inparallcl for charging or in series for discharging, means for impressing the energy of said batteries when in series upon a freely-oscillating circult and means for impressing the energy of said freely-oscillating circuit upon a radiating conductor.

8. In transmitter, a radiating conductor, a freely-oscillating circuit connected therewith, a key with contacts in oil, large inductance-coils between said key and said oscillating circuit, and a source of direct current adapted to be impressed upon said oscillating circuit by said lacy.

9. In a transmitter, a radiating conductor, a freely oscillating circuit connected tlierewith, a plurality of banks of storage batteries and a key with contacts in oil for connecting said batteries-With the 't'reely-oscillating circuit.

10. In atransmittcr, a radiating conductor, a freely-oscillating circuit connected therewith, a plurality of banks of storage batteries, a key with contacts in oil for connecting said banks or": batteries with the freely-oscillating circuit and large inductance-coils between said key and'said oscillating circuit.

ll. 1n atransrnittcr, a radiating conductor,

' a lreelybscillating' circuit connected there with, aplurality of banks of storage batteries, means for charging said banks of batteries in parallel and for discharging them in series" and a key with contacts in oil for connecting said banks of batteries with the frcely-dscillating circuit.

12. In a transmitter, aradiating conductor, a freely-oscillating circuit connected there-- with, a plurality of banks of storage batteries, means for charging said banks of batteries in parallel and for discharging tlifem in series, key with contacts in oil for connecting said banks of batteries with the freely-oscillating circuit and large inductancereils between said key and said freely-0scillating circuit.

.13. In a transmitter, aradiating circuit, a freely-oscillating circuit connected therewith, a plurality of banks of storage batteries, a retary frame carrying one'set of switcnblades for connecting said batteries in parallel with a. direct-current circuit and also carrying asecond set of switch-blades for connecting said batteries in series and means for impress ing the energy of said batteries when connected in series upon said freely-bs'cillating circuits.

.14. In a transmitter, 23. radiating circuit, a' freely-oscillating circuit connected therewith,

plurality of banks of storage batteries, means for connecting said batteries in parallel for charging, means for connecting said batteries in series for discharging and means for connecting said batteries when in series with oscillating circuit. r

15. In a transmitter, 21 radiating circuit, a freely-oscillating circuit connected therewith, a plurality of banks of storage batteries, means for connecting said batteries in parallel for charging, means for connecting said batteries in for discharging, large inductance coils between said batteries and said freely-oscillating circuit and a key for conmeeting said batteries when in series with said oscillating circuit.

16. In a transmitter, a circuit containing a spark-gap, a condenser and a coil, a radiating conductor connected to coil, a source of direct current, and large inductance-coils con.- nected between said source of direct current and said spark-gap. V

1?. In a transmitter, a circuit containing a sparlcgap, condenser and a coil, a radiating conductor connected to said coil, a source of higlrpotential direct current and large inductance-coils connected between said source of high-potential direct current and said sparlc gap.

18. in a transmitter, a circuit containing a spark-gap, a condenser and a coil, aradiating conductor connected to said coil, a sourceof direct current, large inductance coils connected between said source and said sparkgap and a key connected between said inductance-coils and said source.

19. In a transmitter, a circuit containing a IOQ snarlegap, a condenser and a coil, aradiating conductor connected to said coil, a source of high potential direct current, large induct- 'ance-eoils connected between said source and said spark-gap and a key connected between 5 said inductance-coil and said source.

20. in a transmitter, a circuit containing a spark-gap, a condenser and a coil, a radiating conductor connected to said coil, 9. source of direct current, large inductance-coils connect- I I0 ed between said source and said sparlcgap and.

a key with. contacts in oil connected between said inductance-coils and said-source...

21. In a transmitter, a circuit containing an spark-gap, a condenser a coil, a radiating I 5 conductor connected to said coil, a source of higlvpotential direct current, large inductance-coils connected between said source and said spark-gap and a key with contacts in oil connected between said inductance-coils and 120 said source.

nannysnout/[Alena Witnesses:

Amos '1. BuRnoucir,

JNo. P. CROASZDALE.

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