US753062A - Piekre germain - Google Patents
Piekre germain Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US753062A US753062A US753062DA US753062A US 753062 A US753062 A US 753062A US 753062D A US753062D A US 753062DA US 753062 A US753062 A US 753062A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- germain
- piekre
- microphone
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R23/00—Transducers other than those covered by groups H04R9/00 - H04R21/00
- H04R23/002—Transducers other than those covered by groups H04R9/00 - H04R21/00 using electrothermic-effect transducer
Definitions
- TN nofws Perzns uomnorax mm, wAsHmGYcm, n. c
- This invention relates to an improved microphone, and has for its object to provide means for improving the transmission.
- c' is the mouth-piece, tting the chamloer 7e, which contains the microphone, composed of two carbon disks a and with the.
- the disk a is secured to the diaphragm f by a screw e, which diaphragm serves to seal the chamber from the outer air.
- Wires g g lead to and away from the microphone and convey the electric current for transmission, while the wires c c lead to a heating-coil w, surrounding the microphone.
- a metal or metallic oxid-for instance, oxid of silver one part to three parts of carbon This may be directly incorporated with the ordinary carbon granules or may be incorporated with carbon mass before baking and baked in the form of sticks and afterward broken up to form the granules.
- this low-conductivity granule is not of this invention, an important part of which is to have a low conductivity in the microphone to permit the travel of large currents therethrough.
- HeatI have found to be of material aid in improving the transmission, and I may apply it in any manner. In the vdrawing I have shown it applied by a coil of wire w, connected to al source of electricity. This heating means should be capable of heating The manner of securing Serial No. 732,941. (No model.)
- the granulate chamber being closed, the oxygen, water-vapor, and carbonio acid confined therein are absorbed by the sodium, and there remains only the nitrogen of the air, which cannot support combustion, and the carbonio oxid and the oxid of the metal forming the granulats, as well as the semiconductive divisions in the diaphragme between which the granulate is placed. Under these conditions perfect transmission can be obtainediK
- This method of obtaining an inert atmosphere is much superior to that which consists in exhausting the chamber containing the granulate by means of an air-pump, for then the chamber must be formed of rigid heavy walls unsuitable for microphonic sensitiveness.
- a microphonic transmitter having a chamber and chemical means inside said chamber to eliminate the oxygen contained therein, asand vfor the purpose described.
- a microphonic transmitter having a IOO ehamberto contain the elements and sodium applying heat to the granulate, and means in said chamber, as and for the purpose set Within said chamber to eliminate the oxygen forth. contained therein.
- a mierophonie transmitter having a PIERRE GERMAIN chamber and granulate therein, composed of witnesseses: IO a mixture of carbon and some metal of good GUs'rAVE DUMONT,
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Description
PATENTBD FEB. I 23, 190,4,
P. GERMAIN.
MICROPHONE.
APPLIGATION'HLED 0015.7, 1899.
N0 MODEL.
/Nvf Nro R wflmassas:
w l m. .t w M. of? M M, w m p@ U QM,
TN: nofws Perzns uomnorax mm, wAsHmGYcm, n. c
UNITED STATES Patented February 23, 1904..
PIERRE GERMAIN, OF FONTENAY AUX ROSES, FRANCE.
MICROPHONE.
SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 753,062, dated February 23, 1904.
Application filed October 7, 1899.
T0 all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, PIERRE GERMAIN, inspector of telegraphs, of Fontenay aux Roses, Department oi' Seine, France, have invented certain' new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Microphones, which improvements enable telephonie transmission to be effected under special conditions as regards intensity, allowing thereby reception -in loud tones by a magnetic receiver of the ordinary type, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to an improved microphone, and has for its object to provide means for improving the transmission.
In the sectional view in the accompanying drawing, c' is the mouth-piece, tting the chamloer 7e, which contains the microphone, composed of two carbon disks a and with the.
conducting medium d between them. The disk a is secured to the diaphragm f by a screw e, which diaphragm serves to seal the chamber from the outer air. Wires g g lead to and away from the microphone and convey the electric current for transmission, while the wires c c lead to a heating-coil w, surrounding the microphone. A casing y, perforated with holes s and containing potassium, sodium, or some other substance a', adapted to absorb the moisture and oxygen from the air, is secured to the wall of the chamber.
To improve the conductivity and clearness of transmission of the medium CZ, I incorporate with the carbon granules a metal or metallic oxid-for instance, oxid of silver one part to three parts of carbon. This may be directly incorporated with the ordinary carbon granules or may be incorporated with carbon mass before baking and baked in the form of sticks and afterward broken up to form the granules. this low-conductivity granule is not of this invention, an important part of which is to have a low conductivity in the microphone to permit the travel of large currents therethrough. HeatI have found to be of material aid in improving the transmission, and I may apply it in any manner. In the vdrawing I have shown it applied by a coil of wire w, connected to al source of electricity. This heating means should be capable of heating The manner of securing Serial No. 732,941. (No model.)
the conducting medium to about 80O centigrade. It is obvious that with so much heat in' the chambeix there would be liability to combustion of the particles. To prevent this, I place within the chamber-a quantity of poltassiuln'or sodium, (in this case we will assume itis sodium,) which has an aiiinity for oxygen and whose base, formed by the oxidation of the metal, has an affinity for water-vapors and carbonio acid. The granulate chamber being closed, the oxygen, water-vapor, and carbonio acid confined therein are absorbed by the sodium, and there remains only the nitrogen of the air, which cannot support combustion, and the carbonio oxid and the oxid of the metal forming the granulats, as well as the semiconductive divisions in the diaphragme between which the granulate is placed. Under these conditions perfect transmission can be obtainediK This method of obtaining an inert atmosphere is much superior to that which consists in exhausting the chamber containing the granulate by means of an air-pump, for then the chamber must be formed of rigid heavy walls unsuitable for microphonic sensitiveness. When exhausted by means of a pump and the rarefaction is complete, should a leak arise nothing can prevent the inrpsh of oxygen on account of atmospheric pressure, whereas whe-nan inert atmosphere has been chemically produced, as hereinbefore explained, an entry of fresh air is of no importance, for the sodium (with its affinity for oxygen) absorbs it as it penetrates; but with an inert atmosphere the penetration of air into the granulate-chamber would be very slow on account of the pressure in the microphonic chamber being the same as that oi' the atmosphere.
Having an inert atmosphere, no' matter what heating-currents are employed no oxidation of the metal of combustion of the carbon takes place, and a greatly-improved transmission is secured.
I claim as my inventionl. A microphonic transmitter having a chamber and chemical means inside said chamber to eliminate the oxygen contained therein, asand vfor the purpose described.
2. A microphonic transmitter having a IOO ehamberto contain the elements and sodium applying heat to the granulate, and means in said chamber, as and for the purpose set Within said chamber to eliminate the oxygen forth. contained therein.
3. A mierophonic transmitter having a In testimony WhereofIhave signedmy name I5 5 Chamber containing means for eliminating the to this specification in the presence of two subeombustion-supportirlig elemelilit of the air and seriloing Witnesses. means for app ying eat to t e chamber.
4. A mierophonie transmitter having a PIERRE GERMAIN chamber and granulate therein, composed of Witnesses: IO a mixture of carbon and some metal of good GUs'rAVE DUMONT,
conductivity, in combination with means for J. ALLIsoN BOWEN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US753062A true US753062A (en) | 1904-02-23 |
Family
ID=2821555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US753062D Expired - Lifetime US753062A (en) | Piekre germain |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US753062A (en) |
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0
- US US753062D patent/US753062A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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