US745137A - Excavator. - Google Patents

Description

No.' 745.137. PATENTED NOV. 24, 1903. I E. J. BEARD.

I EXCAVATOR. APPLICATION FILED DEO.16, 1902.

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NO MODEL.

- PATEINTED NOV. 24, 1903. E, J. BEARD. EXGAVATOR. APPLIOA'IIOK FILED DEC. 16 1902.

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E. J. BEARD. EXCAVATOR. APPLICATION FILED 131510.16, 1992.

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UNITED STATES f Patented N 'ovember 24, 1903.

EDWARD J. BEARD, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

EXCAVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 745,137, dated. November 24, 1903.

Application filed December 16, 1202. Serial No. 135,444. (No model.)

1'0 alt w/wm it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD J. BEARD, of the city of Kansas City, Jackson county, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Excavators,'of which the following is a full, clear, and exact'description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to improvements in excavators, and has for its object toprovide an excavator adapted to operate in the manner hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of an excavator embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top view of same. Fig. 3 is a side view of the excavator-arm, showing parts broken away. Fig. 4 is a view in section on the line 4 4 in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a side view of the mechanism which forms the base from which the excavator-arm operates, showing parts broken away; and Fig. 7 is a top view of the same, showing parts broken away.

Figs. 6, 8, and 9 are details of construction.

My excavator consists of a main frame 1, mounted upon axles 2 and wheels 3. It is provided with the drum 4, journaled in the frame 5, and with the drum 6, journaled in the boxes 7 upon the main frame 1. drums 4 and 6 are each provided with gears and so connected to an exterior source of power that each of them may be caused to revolve separately or simultaneously with the other in either direction, at the will of the operator. This mechanism is old and well known in the art, and is therefore not shown in detail in the drawings and needs no particular description. The main frame 1 is provided with the deck or'stage 8, having an opening 9, through which the excavated material is to be discharged. I have provided the vertical post 10, which is mounted above the center of the opening 9 and which is made rigid by backstays 11, which are attached to its top and to the sides of the frame 1, and the sheaves 12, 13, and 14. are mounted within the post 10, as shown. At its base the post 10 is forked and rigidly mounted upon the braces 15, which are rigidly mounted upon each side of the turn-table 16, which is provided with wheels 17, which run upon the circular track 18, which is mounted about the The openingt),andconcentricallytherewith. The movement of the turn-table 16 is controlled by the cable 19, which is attached at its ends to the braces and passes about the drum 20, mounted on the vertical shaft 21, which shaft 21 is provided at its upper extremity with the beveled gear 22, inter-meshing with the beveled gear 23, which gear 23 is actuated by the hand-wheel 24:. The shaft 21 is journaled in the frame 25. The frame 25 is vertically mounted upon the stage 8. The shaft 21 is journaled in the frame 25 and is provided at its lower extremity with a tapered block 21, which is preferably polygonal in form and which is shown in Fig. 9 as octagonal in form. The foot-lever 26 is provided at its inner extremity with the beveledcollar 26, which is adapted to fit over and securely hold the block 21 the foot-lever 26 being pivotally mounted through the standards of the frame 25. turn the turn-table 16 by the hand-wheel 24: and its connections, the foot-lever 26 is depressed by the operator, throwing the collar When it is desired to 26 upward and out of engagement with the block 21, thus permitting the shaft 21 to be revolved until the turn-table 16 is in the desired position, when the pressure upon the foot-lever 26 is removed and the collar 26 again permitted to drop into engagement with the'block 21, thus acting as a holdfast to fix the turn-table 16 rigidly in the desired position. The crane 28 is forked at its lower end, the ends of its forks are carried by the pins 35, and its upper end is connected to the top of the post lOby means of the rod 29. The sheave 30 is mounted in the crane 28 near its upper extremity. Theexcavator or shovel 31 is formed by an extension of the floor 36, which connects the arms 33, and I have provided the shovel 31 along its cutting edge with a series of teeth 31. The arms 32 are connected to the arms 33 by the hinge 34. The arms 33 are hinged to the turn-tanermost of which sheets 37 overlaps and carries, hinged under it, the apron 37 by means of the hinge 38. The apron 37 is located between the arms 33 and is adapted to receive the discharge from the floor 36 and carry it to the opening 9, and to this end it is cut away over and above the Opening 9, and its inner end always remains above the opening 9, regardless of the position of the arms 33 and their connections. The members 32 and 33 and the floor 36, sheets 37, and apron 37 thus form a flexible shovel-arm, terminating in the shovel 31, the flexible shovel-arm thus formed constituting a trough or chute, through which the excavated material travels to the opening 9, when the shovel is raised in a vertical plane to a point above the plane of the frame 1, as hereinafter described. One of the arms 33 is provided with the plate 39, and the movement of the arms is controlled by the operation of the cables 40 and 41, which are respectively attached to the top and bottom of the plate 39, the cable 40 passing upward and over the sheave 13 to the drum 4, and the cable 41 passing downward and under the sheave 42, thence upwardly and over the sheave 12 to the drum 4. The sheave 42 is mounted in the link 43, which is attached to the pulley -block 44, provided with pulleys 45 and 46, which respectively engage with and move along the upper and lower edges of the curved guide-track 47, which is rigidly mounted upon the frame 1 by means of the braces 48. By means of the mechanism just described I have provided for the vertical and lateral movement and control of the arms 33; but in order to secure still more perfect control of the shovel 31 and provide for its more convenient operation I have provided the following means: It is evident that the arm 33 may be held stationary when desired, and the operation of the shovel 31 be eifected by means of the axial movement of the arm 32 from the hinge 34. I have provided the shovel 31 with the standards 49, which are connected by the links to the frame 51, carrying the pulley 52. The cable 53 is fastened to the crane 28 by means of the link 54 and hook 55, and the cable 53 thence passes under the pulley 52 over the sheave 30, thence over the sheave 14 to the drum 6.

The mode of operation of my excavator is as follows: It is intended to traverse the temporary tracks 56 in the usual manner, the tracks 56 being laid in front of the machine and taken up in the rear of the machine as an excavation progresses. In Fig. 1 the dotted lineA indicates the face of the cut in course of excavation. The normal position of the arms 33 and 32 and the shovel 31 is indicated by the heavy lines in the drawing Fig. 1. The operation of the machine is then commenced by releasing the drum 6, thus relaxing the cable 53and permitting the arms 32 to drop,so that the end of the shovel will rest at the bottom of the out. When in this position, the arms 32 are shown by the dotted lines, as indicated by the reference-numeral 32. The next step in the operation of the machine is to produce a forward thrust of the shovel 31 by a downward pull upon the arms 33,which is effected by reversing the drum 4, pulling the cable 41, and relaxing the cable 40. The shovel 31 is thus thrust forwardly until the arms 33 and 32 are brought into the position shown by the dotted lines indicated by the reference- numerals 33 and 32 At this stage of the operation of the machine the drum 6 is operated to produce apull upon the cable 53, raising the shovel 31 and its load until the arms 32 are raised and brought into the same plane with the arms 33. At this point both drums 6 and 4 are thrown into operation, so that an upward pull is simultaneously exerted upon the arms 33 and 32 through the cables 40and 53, the drums 4 and 6 being so geared and proportioned that when thus simultaneously operated in the same direction they will, by means of their proportions and their gearing, raise the arms 33 and 32 in the same plane axially around the pins 35. The vertical movement of the arms 33 and 32 and shovel 31 is thus continued until the shovel 31 is sufficiently elevated to cause its contents to slide downwardly and inwardly over the floor 36, the overlapping sheets 37, and the apron 37,and is discharged through the opening 9 into the hopper 57. At this stage of the operation the shovel 31 and its supporting-arms are movedlaterally bymeans of the operation of the turn-table 16, which has been heretofore dcscribed,until the shovel 31 is brought clear to the right or left of the vertical excavation just made, when the operation of the arms and shovel, previously described, is repeated.

By means of the broken arm, composed of the members 32 and 33, and their flooring, consisting of the floor 36, the overlapping sheets 37, and the apron 37 and the application of power to the shovel fixed at the outer extremity of this broken arm, asl have described it, I am enabled to discharge the contents of the shovel into the hopper without lateral movement of the shovel after it has received its contents and by the aid of gravity alone. Furthermore, by means of my invention the shovel 31 not only discharges its original contents through the opening 9, but in its upward progress against the face of the cut it necessarily loosens and breaks away much material above its momentary position, and so much of this material as can be accommodated by the floor 36 falls thereon and is discharged through the opening 9, in addition to which the contents of the shovel itself are constantly being renewed after the shovel has first reached a position at which its contents begin to slide backward.

The turntable 16 is provided at its outer edge with aseries of brackets 58, in which are vertically journaled rollers 59, which engage with the outer side of the head of the trackrail 18, thus providing resistance against the horizontal thrust to which the turn-table16 is subjected during the operation of the excavator, transmitting the strain to the main IIO frame 1, which is held rigid upon the track 56 during the operation of the machine.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to have secured to me by the grant of Letters Patent, is-

1. In an excavator, a frame, a jointed arm, its outer end carrying a shovel, the shovel being arranged to be placed at the level of the outer end of the arm, and to be thrust for ward by the straightening of the arm, the arm being hinged to the main body of the excavator and arranged to act as a chute to discharge the excavated material when the shovel is raised beyond the angle of friction, substantially as described.

3. In an excavator, a jointed arm, its outer end carrying a shovel, the shovelbeing arranged to be placed at the'level of the bottom of the cut by the deflection of the outer end of the arm, and to be thrust forward by the straightening of the arm, the arm being hinged to the main body of the excavator and arranged to act as a chute to convey the ex-- cavated material to an opening in the main body of the excavator when the shovel is raised beyond the angle of friction, substantially as described.

4. In an excavator, a trough-shaped shovelarm open on its upper side and extended at its front end to form a shovel provided with a series of teeth, flexibly coupled to the main body of the excavator, and means whereby the shovel is lowered to the level of the cut and then thrust forwardly and carried upwardly and the excavated material discharged backwardly along the arm by its own weight, substantially as described.

5. In an excavator, a frame, a pair of arms joined by a floor, the floor being extended at its front end to form a shovel, a second pair of arms joined by a floor and hinged to the first pair of arms, and means whereby the shovel is lowered to the level of the cut and then thrust forwardly and carried upwardly continuing the work of excavation in its upward progress, the excavated material being discharged backwardly along the floor between the arms, substantially as described.

6. In an excavator, a frame, apair of arms joined by a floor, the floor being extended at its front end to form a shovel provided with g a series of teeth, asecond pair of arms joined by afloor and hinged to the firstjpair of arms, and means whereby the shovel is lowered to the level of the cut and then thrust forwardly and carried upwardly continuing the work of excavation in its upward progress, the excavated material being discharged backwardly along the floor between the arms, substantially as described.

7. In an excavator, a frame, a pair of arms joined by a floor, the floor being extended at its front end to form a shovel, a second pairof arms joined by a floor and hinged to the first pair of arms, and means whereby the shovel is lowered to the level of the cut and then thrust forwardly by bringing the floors of the pairs of arms toward the same plane, and carried upwardly continuing the .work of excavation in its upward progress, the excavated material being discharged backwardly along the floor between the arms, substantially as described.

8. In an excavator, the combination of a frame and a sectional excavator-arm hinged to the frame, the sections being hinged together, and the outer section terminating in a shovel; the shovel being adapted to be lowered to the level of the. cut by bending the arm, thrust into the face of the cut by straightening the arm, and means by which the arm is raised axially about its hinged connection with the frame to discharge the excavated material, substantially as described.

9. In an excavator, the combination of a frame and a sectional excavator-arm hinged to the frame, the sections being hinged together, and the outer section terminating in a shovel provided with teeth; the shovel being adapted to be lowered to the level of thecut by bending the arm, thrust into the face of the cut by straightening the arm, and means by which the arm is raised axially about its hinged connection with the frame to discharge the excavated material, substantially as described.

10. In an excavator, the combination of a frame, and a platform carried by the frame, a sectional excavator-arm hinged to the frame, the sections being hinged together,

and the outer section terminating in a shovel; the shovel being adapted to be lowered to the desired level by bending the arm, thrust into the face of the cut by straightening the arm, and means by which the arm is raised axially about the hinged connection with the frame to discharge the excavated material, substantially as described. I

11. In an excavator, the combination of a portable frame provided with a stage, the stage containing an opening, an excavatorarm adapted to excavate the material and discharge it backwardly over the arm through the opening in the stage, and a receptacle to receive the excavated material, substantially as described.

12. In an excavator, a stage containing an opening, a circular track around the open-. ing, a turn-table mounted upon the track, and an excavator-arm attached to the turntable adapted to excavate the material and discharge it backwardly over the arm through the opening in the stage, and a receptacle to receive the excavated material, substantially its forward end with excavating means, and

means for operating the same, substantially as set forth.

15. In an excavator, an open trough-shaped shovel -arm, and means for operating the same, substantially as specified.

16. In an excavator, a trough -'shaped shovel-arm open on its upper side and extended at its front end to form a shovel, flexibly coupled to the main body of the excavator, and means whereby the shovelis lowered to the desired level and thrust forwardly and carried upwardlyand the excavated material discharged backwardly along the arm by its own weight, substantially as described.

17. An excavator provided with a stage containingan opening,acirculartrack around the opening, a turn-table mounted upon the track, a vertical post and a crane rigidly mounted upon the turn-table, a pair of arms hinged to the turn-table and hinged at their outer extremities to a pair of arms carrying a shovel, each pair of arms being connected by a floor, and means whereby the vertical movement of the hinged arms, and the rotary movement of the turn-table and its attachments may be efiected, substantially as described.

18. In a device of the class named, a shovel mounted upon arms connected by a platform and hinged to another pair of arms also connected by a platform, the second pair of arms being hinged to a turn-table by whose revolution the lateral movement of the shovel may be secured; means for raising and lowering the outer pair of arms independently of any movement of the inner pair of arms, and means for raising and lowering both pairs of arms, substantially as described.

19. In an excavator, a frame, a flexible arm, its outer end carrying a shovel, the shovel being adapted to be placed at the level of the bottom of the cut by the deflection of the outer end of the arm, and to be thrust forward by the straightening of the arm, the arm being flexibly coupled to the main body of the excavator and adapted to act as a chute to discharge the excavated materialwhen theshovel is raised beyond the angle of friction, substantially as described.

20. In an excavator,a trough-shaped shovelarm open on its upper side and extended at its front end to form a shovel provided with a series of teeth, pivotally connected to the main body of the excavator, and means whereby the shovel is lowered to the level of the out and then thrust forwardly and carried upwardly and the excavated material discharged backwardly along the arm by its own weight, substantially as described.

21. In an excavator,a trough-shaped shovelarm open on its upper side and extended at its front end to form a shovel, pivotally connected to the main body of the excavator, and means whereby the shovel is lowered to the level of the out and then thrust forwardly and carried upwardly and the excavated material discharged backwardly along the arm by its own weight, substantially as described.

22. In an excavator,a troughshaped shovelarm open on its upper side and extended at its front end to form a shovel, pivotally connected to the main body of the excavator, and means whereby the shovel is lowered to the desired level and thrust forwardly and carried upwardly and the excavated material discharged backwardly along the arm by its own weight, substantially as described.

23. In a traveling excavator, a main frame, wheels supporting the main frame, and a platform carried by the frame, the platform being sufficiently elevated to permit the passage of a receiving-car beneath it, the platform containing an opening through which the excavated material is discharged into the receiving-car, substantially as described.

24. In a traveling excavator, a main frame, wheels supporting the main frame, a platform carried by the frame, the frame and platform being sufficiently elevated to permit the passage of a receiving-car beneath them, the platform containing an opening through which the excavated material is discharged into the receiving-car, substantially as described.

25. In an excavator,a trough-shaped shovelarm, open on its upper side, means whereby the shovel-arm is carried, means for lowering the cutting edge of the shovel-arm to an operating position, means for thrusting the arm when lowered into the material to be excavated, and means for elevating the arm to excavate the material and to an angle at which the excavated material will be discharged downwardly over the surface of the arm, substantially as described.

26. In an excavator, a flexible arm open on its upper side, its outer end forming a shovel, the shovel being adapted to be placed at an operative position by the deflection 0r elevation of the outer end of the arm, and to be thrust forward into the material to be excavated by the straightening of the arm; and a frame whereby the arm is carried; the arm being adapted to act as a conveyor for the excavated material when the shovel is raised beyond the angle of friction, substantially as described.

27. In a traveling excavator, a shovel-arm open on its upper side and provided with integral means for conveying the excavated material along the same, means by which one end of said arm is pivotally carried by the excavator, and separate means for operating said arm for receiving and delivering the excavated material in and along the same, substantially as described.

28. In an excavator, a shovel-arm consisting of two sections flexibly connected, the outer section forming a conveyer and containing a shovel, the inner section forming a conveyor and a support for the outer section; means whereby the inner section is rigidly held while the outer section is moved radially about its point of connection with the inner section to place the shovel in contact with the material to be excavated; and means whereby the arm is straightened to thrust the shovel into the material to be excavated, and raised to discharge the excavated material, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

29. In an excavator, a frame, a shovel-arm flexibly coupled to the frame, a vertical post mounted on the frame, a curved guide-track mounted on the frame beneath the shovelarm, and, cables whereby the movement of the shovel-arm is effected; the vertical post being adapted to receive the stresses imparted to the cables in raising or lowering the arm, and the curved track being adapted to receive the stresses imparted to the cables in lowering the arm, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

30. In an excavator, a frame, a turn-table mounted on the frame, an excavator-arm having vertical sides and being open on its upper side hinged to the turn-table and adapted to act as a conveyer for the excavated material; and means whereby the movement of the excavator-arm and the rotary movement of the turn-table may be efiected, substantially as and for the purposes specified. I

31. In an excavator, a frame, a turn-table mounted upon the frame and containing an opening, an excavator-arm mounted upon the turn-table, a conveyer integral with the excavator-arm, means whereby the rotary movement of the turn-table and its attachments may be efiected, and means whereby the movement of the excavator-arm may be effected to excavate the material and to convey it to the turn-table and discharge it through the opening therein, substantially as described.

32. In an excavator, a collapsible shovelarm, consisting of two trough-shaped sections hinged to each other, one of said sections being extended to form a shovel, substantially as described.

33. In an excavator, an open trough-shaped arm formed of two sections joined together and arranged to constitutea gravity conveyer for the excavated'material, and means for EDWARD J. BEARD.

Witnesses:

ALFRED A. EIoKs, M. G. IRION.

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