US743010A - Rotary engine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 743,010. PATENTED NOV. s, 1903. D. MORELL.

ROTARY ENGINE. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 31. 1903.

no MODEL.

"Zdiine ssesg G.W.W

UNITED, STATES Patented November3, 1903.

DAVID MORELL, KASSEL, GERMANY.

ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 743,010, dated November 3, 1903.

Application filed March 31, 1903- serial No. 150,431. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVID MORELL, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Kassel, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in rotary engines described in my United States Patents Nos. 673,648 and 675,899. In the drawings attached to the present application I have shown an engine with a single pistonshaft, while in the patents referred to engines with two shafts are illustrated. All the inventions, however, are equally applicable to both classes of engines.

Figure 1 is a vertical section, on the line A B C of Fig. 2, ofa piston mounted on its shaft. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one of the two disks forming the piston, the shaft being in section. Fig. 3 shows a section on the line D E of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shows diagrammatically the arrangement of the three casings and their pistons mounted on a common shaft. Fig. 5 is a View representing the pistons placed one beside the other and connected by steam-pipes for the sake of more clearly illustrating the arrangement of the parts.

The joint between casing and rotary piston shown in Patent No. 673,648 only proves effectual in practice when the piston in rotating can adapt itself to the form of the casing. This is particularly desirable with the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 in order to prevent the piston-joint being damaged by faulty working or wear and tear of the bearings.

' a is the engine-shaft, to which the spherically-shaped member 0 is secured in any suitable manner, such as by a key I). The member 0 is provided with projecting pins (1, carrying rollers e. The pins 01 instead of being located in the member 0 may be secured direct in the piston, or instead of such pins (1 and rollers 6 any other suitable equivalent means may be employed. The piston consists of two recessed separate disks f g,which when set together present chambers into which the parts d 6 project and which serve to guide the piston on the member a. The piston is capable of self-adjustment relatively to the shaft through a greater or smaller angle, depending upon the form of the member 0 and the size of the spaces h.

To still further prevent jamming in the bearings and at the same time to relieve the latter from the weight of the rotating bodies, and so insure silent running,various arrangements are adopted when at least three engines are worked side by side. In this manher the pressure of the high-tension motive agent entering the central engine, so far as it loads the rotating bodies on one side, is overcome by the pressures of the expanding motive agent in the two outer engines. Furthermore, the pressure due to the Weight of the rotating bodies is greatly diminished through a surplus pressure of the expanding motive agent.

As Fig. 4 shows, the three casings 1, 2, and 3 are in practice arranged side by side, the pistons 4, 5, and 6being mounted on a common shaft a.

Each of the pistons 4 5 6 is provided with three slides working in radial or approximately radial slots. The slides themselves are notshown, as their construction for this class of piston is already sufficiently well known. They might, for example, be of the kind shown in Fig. 2. The three slides of each piston are distributed around its circumference at uniform distances apart and in protruding from the slots in the piston form chambers for the motive agent, which rotates the piston and its shaft by its pressure upon the surfaces of the slides.

The three casings are all of the same diameter, and likewise the three pistons. In

breadths, however, the three combined casings are different. 1 is of the smallest breadth and, as Fig. 4 shows, is located between the medium and the low pressure casings, which are broader for the purpose of securing a-greater surface of pressure in proportion to the decrease in tension of the motive agent. In addition to this arrangement of the casings their eccentric position and the disposal of the induction and eduction ports are-of importance. As Fig.

5 shows, the eccentric position of the middle casing 2 corresponds with that of the lowpressure cylinder 3, while the position of the high-pressure casing 1 is of opposite eccen- The high-pressure casing tricity. The induction-port 7 of the highpressure casing 1 lies diametrically opposite to the induction-port i of the medium-pressure casing 5 and of the induction-port It of the low-pressure casing 3. Each of the easings 1 and 2 possesses two eduction-ports Zm and n 0, suitablylocated relatively to the induction-ports. The casing 3 has only a single eduction-port 10. The eduction-port Z, which in the direction of rotation first follows the induction-port 7 of the high-pressure cylinder, is connected by a passage q with the induction-port 'i of the medium-pressure casing 2. The eduction-port n first following the induction-port '6 in the direction of rotation is connected by a passage 1" and a branch passage 8 both with the second eduction-port m of the high-pressure casing and the induction-port 7c of the low-pressure casing. The eduction-port 0 of the medium-pressu re casing and the eduction-portp of the low-pressurecasing communicate with the atmosphere by means of a passage 25. The passages referred to are in reality provided in the walls of the casings and are therefore very short. In Fig. 5 the passages are shown as pipes of considerable length merely for the sake of clearness in the drawings. The spaces therefore which are seen in the drawings in reality do not exist at all-a point which it is of great importance to bear in mind in following the description of the operation of the engine.

The motive agentfor instance, steainenters the port 7 under high pressure just in front of the point of contact of the piston 4 and easing 1, and by reason of its pressure on the nearest slide rotates the piston 4 in the direction of the arrow '11,. When the slide passes the port Z, a part of the high-pressure steam, as yet confined between two slides, escapes through the port Z, passage q, and port 2 into the medium pressure casing, where it expands, new high-pressure steam at the same time entering the high-pressure casing behind the next following slide. When the slide of the casing 5 which is first exposed to the pressure of the expanding steam passes the port 01, the expanding steam partly escapes through this port into the passage 0, unites with the remainder of the expanding steam escaping through port m and passage 8 from the high-pressure casing, and passes through the port into the lowpressure casing, where it further expands. The expanded steam then passes through the port p and passages i into the atmosphere, together with the steam remaining in the easing 2, which escapes through port 0. In addition to the pressure exerted on the slides the steam also acts upon the pistons themselves. By reason of the eccentric disposal of the pistons adopted and the peculiar arrangement of the induction-ports the steampressure in casing 1 will be exerted downward on the piston in the direction approximately of the arrow 1;, while the pressure of the expanding steam in casings 2 and 3 will be exerted upward somewhat in the direction shown by arrows w and 0c, and therefore opposing the pressure due to the weight of the rotating bodies. At the same time the pressure of the steam inclosed between the ports land m of casing 1 will likewise act in upward direction. There are thus three difierent pressures acting in upward direction which, if the expansion-spaces and pressuresurfaces are suitably selected, will (depending upon the degree of expansion) be more or less in excess of the downward pressure of the fresh steam entering the high-pressure casing and supplementing the pressure due to the weight of the piston. By means of the excess of upward pressure the weight of the pistons can be approximately balanced, so that the shaft-bearings are relieved. Owing to this and the fact that the steam acts in rotary manner at diametrically opposite places on the pistons keyed to a common shaft, extremely noiseless working is attained and the engine may be run at a very high speed.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Let-' ters Patent, is-

l. In a rotary engine, the combination of a spherically-shaped member 0 secured to the shaft, a piston containing the said member, and means for connecting the piston so that it shares the rotations of the shaft, substantially as described.

2. In a compound rotaryengine, a common shaft, a plurality of spherically-shaped members secured to the shaft, pistons mounted on the spherical members, ported casings for respectively low, medium and high pressure fluid located eccentrically to their respective pistons, the high-pressure casing lying centrally of the other casings and having opposite eccentricity" to the same, the inductionports in the casings being so disposed as to correspond with the opposite eccentricities of the casings, substantially as described.

3. Ina rotary engine, a casing, a shaft eccentrically mounted therein, a spherical member secured to the shaft, pins projecting from the shaft, rollers mounted on the pins, and a piston encircling the spherical member and having pockets to receive the rollers, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DAVID MORELL.

Witnesses:

CARL HoHMANN, N. R. Y. ScHoMT.

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