US742279A

US742279A - Ground-anchor for cables or wires.

Info

Publication number: US742279A
Application number: US15557603A
Authority: US
Inventors: Aaron Bearse
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1903-05-04
Filing date: 1903-05-04
Publication date: 1903-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 1920-10-27

Description

PATENTED OCT. 27, 1903.

A. BBARSB.

GROUND ANCHOR FOR GABLES 0R WIRES.

APPLIUATIOK TILED MAY 4. 1903.

R0 MODEL.

ZWZMIMW I'm mini? flmow m deflected from a UNITED STATES Patented October 27, 1 903.

PATENT OFFICE.

GROUND-ANCHOR FOR CABLES OR WIRES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 742,279, dated October 27, 1903.

Application filed May 4, 1903. Serial No. 155,576. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, AARON BEARSE, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ground-Anchors for Gables or Wires, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to ground-anchors for cables and wires, and is particularly applicable for use in anchoring the ends of guywires for telegraph, telephone, and similar poles. These guy-wires are used to stay the upper ends of the poles which are located at the corners or places where the line-wires are direct cross and also to stay those which may be located on sidehills and in other places where the poles are subjected to continuous and severe lateral strains to hold them in their normal upright positions. The general practice is to attach one of the guy-wires to the upper end of the pole and to secure the other end to a log, tie, or other similar anchorage which is embedded in the earth. This method of anchoring the guywires necessitates the excavation of a considerable quantity of earth for receiving the anchor, which is usually placed at a considerable depth, and to which is attached a suitable cable or bar projecting above the surface of the ground, after which the excavation is refilled to hold the anchorage, and the guy-wire is then attached to the projecting end of the rod or bar which is connected to the anchor. It is apparent that this is an enpensive and laborious proceeding, and owing to the looseness of the earth which has been filled in the excavation over the anchor it is not uncommon for the anchor to be loosened and gradually pulled toward the surface. My invention is designed to obviate these difficulties by providing an anchorage with movable wings, the anchor being driven into the solid earth a considerable depth without excavation and is then partially withdrawn, so that the wings are deflected outwardly and laterally, .whereby the anchor embraces a large area of the superimposed solid earth, which holds it from accidental withdrawal, and therefore forms a simple and convenient anchorage, thelength of the anchor and depth of its insertion into the earth depending upon the amount of the strain to which it is subjected.

In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are elevations taken at right angles to each other of my improved anchor, the wings being shown in their folded position in full lines and the dotted lines indicating the angles to which said wings are moved when in operative position. Fig. 3 is a detail view of a portion of the center bar or rod and the adjacent ends of one pair of wings shown in their unfolded or extended position. Fig. i is a sectional view taken on line 4-. 4, Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

In carrying out the objects of this invention I employ an iron rod or bar 1, which is formed with a lower pointed extremity 2, adapted to be driven into the earth, while its upper end is provided with a head 3 and an aperture 4, the head 3 being somewhat enlarged and is adapted to receive the blows of a mallet or sledge used in driving the bar into the earth. The greater portion, and especially the lower portion, of this bar is flat transversely, and its lower end is twisted or bent at substantially right angles to the adjacent upper portion for forming substantially flat bearing-surfaces for the wings presently described.

I preferably employ two separate pairs of wings 5 and 6, the wings 5 being pivotally mounted upon a pivotal pin 7 at opposite sides of the lower end of the bar 1, said pivotal pin being passed through an aperture in the central bar at a point below the twist or bend 8 and is upset at its opposite ends for holding the wings 5 in operative position. A similar pin or rivet 9 is passed through an aperture in the bar above the twist 8, and upon the opposite ends of this latter pin 9 are pivoted the lower ends of the wings 6, which are also disposed at opposite sides of the bar. It is now seen that the wings 5 and 6 are pivotally mounted upon different portions of the bar in planes one above the other, the axes of the pivotal pins being disposed in planes at substantially right angles to each other, and therefore the wings of one pair swing downwardly in planes at substantially right angles to the plane of movement of the wings of the other pair. In other words, the lower ends of the wings 5 are pivotally mounted adjacent to the opposite fiat faces of the lower end of the central bar beneath and in proximity to the twist 8, while the lower ends of the bars 6 are pivotally mounted upon opposite faces of the central bar above and in proximity to the twist, the axis of one pair being disposed at right angles to the axis of the other pairof the wings. These wings preferably consist of flat metal arms, and their pivotal ends are arranged fiat-wise with reference .to the adjacent flat portions of the central bar, while their free ends are twisted or bent at 10 at substantially right angles to their lower ends, this twist or bend being in close proximity to the pivotal axes of the wings, so that a portion of the metal which is formed by this twisting or bending is utilized to form

stops

12 and 13 to limit the outward swinging movement of the wings and to prevent their swinging to a horizontal position, so that when the Wings are extended to their full limit they incline upwardly from their respective axes, as shown by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2 and by full lines in Fig. 3. It will now be seen that although the pivotal ends of the wings are arranged flatwise with reference to the adjacent portion of the central bar to which they are attached, yet the main bodies or upper portions of the wings are arranged flatwise with reference to the edges of the central bar-that is, they are turned at substantially right angles to their lower ends and extend across the edges of the portions of the bar to which they are attached, thereby forming the

shoulders

12 and 13.

The extreme outer ends of the wings 5 and 6 are deflected or curved laterally and outwardly for a purpose hereinafter described, and when these wings are in their folded position they lie along and in close proximity to the central bar 1, so as to occupy as small aspace as possible during the insertion of the anchor into the ground.

As previously intimated, this anchor is driven into the ground without any previous excavation until the head 3 is substantially even with or slightly beneath the surface of the ground, and the mere operation of driving this anchor into the ground causes the wings 5 and 6 to fold close to the central bar, the upper ends of said wings being a considerable distance beneath the surface of the ground. After the anchor has been driven into the ground as far as practicable a suitable hoisting or pulling apparatus is attached to the upper end or head of the central bar, which is then partially withdrawn, and during this operation the wings 5 and 6 are unfolded or deflected outwardly to the position shown by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2 and by full lines in Fig. 3, the outwardly-curved extremities serving to automatically extend the wings during the operation of withdrawing the bar by impact with the earth. The twisting of the bar, which is flat, serves also to facilitate its entrance into the ground, and I am onabled to use a substantially thin flat bar, which enters the ground more readily and affords a convenient and economical means of attaching two or more pairs of plates or wings 5 and 6 with their pivotal axes at an angle with each other, so that the plates or wings may be folded or unfolded without interfering with each other. Another important feature is the fact that the plates are arranged flatwise with reference to the axis of the central bar, thereby affording a broad surface bearing for the earth, and on account of their thinness said plates may be readily projected or deflected into the earth as the bar is drawn partially outward.

I usually provide the upper end of the center rod or bar 1 with a tie-wire 14E, which is passed through the aperture 4 and wound or coiled upon itself so as to form a permanent tie, this wire 14 serving as an extension of the centering-rod 1, to which the guy-wire or other cable may be attached.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An anchor for guy-wires comprising a central bar and flat wings pivoted on the same axis to opposite faces of the bar, and having their free ends twisted at an angle with their pivoted ends.

2. An anchor for cables and wires comprisinga central bar, a pivotal pin passed through the bar, flat wings mounted on said pin at opposite sides of the bar and having their free ends arranged ilatwise with reference to their pivotal axis.

3. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portion twisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise with reference to the flat part above the twist, and a folding wing hinged to the bar near the twist and itself twisted to engage the edge of the bar when unfolded and thereby limit the spread of the wing.

4. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portion twisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise with reference to the flat part above the twist, and a pair of folding wings pivoted to the bar near the twist and unfolding in opposite directions, each wing being twisted to form stop-shoulders which engage the bar and limit their unfolding movement.

5. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portion twisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise with reference to the flat part above the twist, the lower extremity of the bar being pointed, a pair of folding wings hinged to the bar above but near the twist, and a second pair of wings hinged to the bar below the twist and swinging at substantially right angles to the movement of the wings of the firstnamed pair.

6. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portion twisted. so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise with reference to the fiat part above the twist, and a pair of flat wings hinged to the bar on opposite sides thereof and near the twist, said wings being themselves twisted to form stop-shoulders for engaging opposite edges of the bar.

7. An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a fiat portion twisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise with reference to the flat part above the twist, and a pair of flat wings hinged to the bar on opposite sides thereof and near the twist having their inner ends disposed fiatwise against the flat sides of the bar and pivoted thereto near the twist and their outer ends disposed flatwise with reference to the opposite edges of the bar and unfolding in opposite directions from said edges.

An anchor for cables and wires comprising a bar having a flat portion twisted so that the flat part below the twist is disposed edgewise with reference to the flat part above the twist, and a pair of flat wings hinged to the bar on opposite sides thereof and near the twist having their inner ends disposed fiatwise against the flat sides of the bar and pivoted thereto below the twist, and a second pair of wings pivoted to the bar above the twist, the axes of the pivots being at substantially right angles to each other and the outer ends of the wings being disposed flatwise with reference to the edges of the bar.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of April, 1903.

AARON BEARSE.

Witnesses:

II. E. CHASE, MILDRED M. NOTT.