US73957A - S amu el d a b ling - Google Patents

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titre,-

niftt faire @wat SAMU'ELDARLING, on BaN-con, MAIN-n.

Letters Parent No. 73,957, mammary 4, '186s'.

IMPROVEMENT IN GASfEEATERS.

TO ALL WHOM ITYMAY QONCERN:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL DARLING, of Bangor, in the county ofPenobscot, and State'of Maine, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for Directing and' Concentrating the Heat of GrasBurners; and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with thedrawings which accompany and formpart of this specification, is a description of my invention suliicient to enablethose skilled in the art to practise it..

in machine-shops and factories, it is often found necessary to .heat small pieces of iron, steel, or otherhard lmetal to a temperature higher than can be attained from the liame ofan ordinary gas-burner, orother ame designed merely for illuminating purpgses; and if there be' a forge, orvportable forge, upon the premises, or near at hand, it is not always available, because there is not constantly kept up, and to rebuild it expressly for such littlejobs 'of repairs, alterations, &c., as are frequently demanding the attention of the workman, or to' send to a distant'shop forV the purposeor to postpone it fora 'moreco'nvenientseason, would be 'productive of expense, delay, and cost not warranted by the occasion, n

' Eliorts have been made lto moet such emergencies, by placing over a gash-burner a tube projecting some little distance beyond it, and having in it air-inlet yorifices to increase the current of atmospheric air, confine it and the lame within defined limits, andso intensify the heat., But itis found,.by experience, that the heat thus created, although greater and more serviceable than that Vderived from the use of the burner only, is still no limited in degree as to serve but fora very small range of work, andaltogiether to preclude its use for moet of the purposes for which such a substitute for a forge is needed. l

My invention is intended to supply this need, and it consists in vappending to such a. tube, and on opposite sides of it, two pieces of metal which I call concentrators, the object andl function of which are to Hatten and v.concentrato the dame emerging from the tube, and so to increase its heating powers as 4to render itan invalu able implement. n the drawings accompanying this specication, and'forming part `of the same- Figure 1 represents a gas-burner of ordinary construction, and a tube with my ccncentrators applied thereto.

4confined bythem.

v Figure 2represent`s the tube as ordinarily used, and without my concentrators v applied. It 'also represente the form, but only about one-half the length of the llame emerging from such a tube. v

Figure 3 represents another view of my improvement, as shown in Iig. 1, andalso the form and direction given to the ilame by my," concentrators, and also its action upon a piece of metal submitted.' to such ilame.

i VFigure 4 represents a topl or end view of the eoncentrators,- and also of the iiame as concentrated and t The concentrators may be made of any suitable metal, but I'prefer to make them of sheet iron. They may be attached to the tubein any secure manner, but I prefer to rivet them thereto in any of the known methods of doing such work, and they should have a breadth aboutjequal, at least, to the diameter of the tube. They should extend about one inch above the tube, and should ,be so bent or curveda's notl to come within an eighth of an inch of the upper end of the tube, whilst their upper freeends cir tips should beabout a quarter of an inch apart. The tubes may be made of brass, sheet iron, tin', or any other suitable metal.

The length of the tube, its diameter, and the inlet-holes for the passage oi' air, should be proportioned about as shown in the drawings, in whchA, represents a gas-burner; B, the tubeplaced over the same; C, the coml Vcentraptors D, s. portion of the flame issuing from a tube to which my concentrator "has not been applied, but

much shortened below the actual length of such flame; E, the bluish, and F the whitish portion of the ilame after passing between the lips' of my concentrator 5 Gr, the bulging portion of the flame not confined between these-lips 3 H, a bar of metal presented to the llame to be heated; and`a,the openings 'or air-inlet orifices in the tube, and which should be below the' tip of the gas-burner. If desirable, a rest or support for the article to be heated may be put upvin convenient proximity to the burner. l

Isis found in practice that my concentrator appliedv as above described, causes a bar of steel, one-half inch in diameter, to become red hot-in iive minutes, and in two minutes will heat a bar, one-quarter of an inch in diameter, suliiciently to be hardened, but the tube without my improvementl will scarcely heat a. bar, of a half inch` diameter, red hot, in any length of time, a y

With such an apparatus in machine-shops, the workmen, instead of being dependent upon the forger, or waiting upon hisl convenience or ability to attend to their calls, when tools need repairing or retouching, can repair and harden their-own drills, chisels, Xtc., at afmoments notice, and without dependence upon any other person, or 'upon any contingency, except a supply of gas. There should be snicient pressure or head of gas let on, before applying a match, to prevent the iiame running back into the tube. I

A very important feature of this improvementis thatit never overheats the steel.; and it is Well known to be a dilflcult matter to heat smallpieces in a common forge without injuring the steel. Not only, therefore, is it evident that all such work can be 'done much better by my heater than it can be in a forge, but that it can be done very considerably cheaper, especially when it is considered thatvery frequently work must cease until a drill or other tool is hardened, and a rermust be made up, even though the drill be but an eighth of' an inch in diameter." This takes much time, perhaps of several workmen, and considerable loss of'coal, which must then burn out unused.' "These heaters will, I feel confident, save hundreds ofdolla'rs yearly in someof our'large machine-shops.`

It will beobserved that the eiect of my appliances is not only to'atten, but also to widen the dame, as ivelljas to increase its heating power. This enables me 'to heat a greater portion of the length of ber than is possible with1the use of the tube alone;V and bydirecting all the dame that passes between the concentrators directlyupon the bar, but little ofthe heat is lost by spreading over its sides, whilst it is probable also that the curvedinner facesof the iiat concentrators serve to create an additional current of atmospheric air towards the lame,.beyond that created within the tube, and that the oxygen derived from thiscurrent, coming directly to the heated iiame, aidscombustion to a higher degree than 'the air within the tube, which intermixes with the gas before reaching the dame at the outlet ot the tube. Whatever may be the true theory, practice demonstrates the eiciency of 'my improvement in a very marked manner.

Instead of using a single tube,-or any particular form oftube, or of concentrators', I propose to vary their number or form, as may be found desirable or convenient, as occasion may demand, long as the essential feature'of my invention, as above described, is employed. In some cases it will be important or necessary to havea number of burners (with my improvement) arranged in rows organgs, or the tubes may, instead of being in such a row or gang, be' made with one long' dame-discharging opening, such as would be represented by a larger tube, sov flattened as to have two parallel sides, and the flame may be let into such tube or pipe i'n any convenient manner. There may be also a partial casing or shield around or over the iiame, to prevent the escapeof heat and too greatA a rush of cold air upon the article being heated. v Such case or casing may also serve as a means for holding the article while being heated, and to shut oi from the eyes of the operator the intense glareof the red-hot metal. i

I claim the combination, with the tube of a gas-heater,of iiame-coniining guides, substantially as described.v

SAMUEL DARLING.

Witnesses: Y

JOHN E. HALL, ALBERT W. PAINE.

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